you wanted to know about LASIK · What are the risks involved in LASIK Eye Surgery? 26 Is LASIK for you?27 A Guide To Choose The Right Refractive Surgeon 30 What can Ojas do for you?

$Page 1: you wanted to know about LASIK · What are the risks involved in LASIK Eye Surgery? 26 Is LASIK for you?27 A Guide To Choose The Right Refractive Surgeon 30 What can Ojas do for you?$
Everything you wanted to know about

LASIK

O LASER EYESURGERY CENTRE

Leaders in Advance Solutions for Eyesight Rejuvenation

www.lasikindia.com

http://www.lasikindia.com/

Everything You Wanted To Know About LASIK

In this eBook, we have packed all that you need to

know about LASIK eye surgery treatments,

including whether LASIK is for you, plus how to

choose the right eye surgeon for correcting your

refractive eye problems.

Do read it carefully. Please note that we provide this

eBook as an addition to, and not a replacement for,

the discussions you might have with an eye care

specialist.

Should you have any more queries than the ones we’ve sought to answer in this eBook, feel free to contact us.

Thank you.

Dr.Niteen DedhiaM.S.(Ophth), D.O.M.S(Bom), M.B.

Call: +91 22 61549999, [022] 26405951, [022] 26514066, [022] 66989736

2LASER EYESURGERY CENTRE


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Email: [email protected]

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Content Page Content Page

The human eye is a camera 4

The human eye explained 5

More about your eye 6

What is 20/20 vision? 7

How do you know when you have an eye problem? 8

What is LASIK? How does it work? 9

Eye problems that LASIK cannot treat 10

Eye problems that LASIK can treat 11

Pre-operative tests for LASIK 14

What happens in a standard LASIK eye surgery? 15

Freedom from glasses in 15 minutes 16

Different Types of LASIK 17

Blade Free LASIK 18

How is Blade Free LASIK performed? 19

How is custom LASIK performed? 20

More about Custom LASIK 21

How does Custom LASIK work? 22

Difference between LASIK and PRK 23

How is LASIK treatment beneficial to you? 24

What are the risks involved in LASIK Eye Surgery? 26

Is LASIK for you? 27

A Guide To Choose The Right Refractive Surgeon 30

What can Ojas do for you? 32

Why choose Ojas for LASIK surgery? 33

You can get in touch with us here 37

LASER EYESURGERY CENTRE


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Call: +91 22 61549999, [022] 26405951, [022] 26514066, [022] 66989736 Email: [email protected]



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The human eye is a camera

The human eye forms part of a general group called camera-type eyes.

Why are they called so? Because like the film in a camera, the human eye focuses light on to a light sensitive membrane called the retina.

If we look at a cross-sectional image of the eye, here’s how the different parts would look:

Right in front of the eye is the cornea. It is a transparent structure that helps to focus incoming light. It is the curve of the cornea that determines its power. Behind it is a coloured ring-shaped membrane called the iris. A clear fluid called the

aqueous humor fills the space between the cornea and the iris. The iris has an adjustable circular opening called the pupil, which can expand or contract depending on the amount of light entering the eye.



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The human eye explained

1 posterior segment

2 ora serrata

3 ciliary muscle

4 ciliary zonules

5 Schlemm’s canal

6 pupil

7 anterior chamber

8 cornea

9 iris

10 lens cortex

11 lens nucleus

12 ciliary process

13 conjunctiva

14 inferior oblique muscule

15 inferior rectus muscule

16 medial rectus muscle

17 retinal arteries and veins

18 optic disc

19 dura mater

20 central retinal artery

21 central retinal vein

22 optic nerve

23 vorticose vein

24 bulbar sheath

25 macula

26 fovea

27 sclera

28 choroid

29 superior rectus muscule

30 retina



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More about your eyeSituated behind the pupil is a colorless, transparent

structure called the crystalline lens. Ciliary muscles

surround the lens which not only hold the lens in

place but also play an important role in vision. When

the muscles relax, they flatten the lens, allowing the

eye to see objects that are far away. When the

muscles contract, they thicken the lens to see objects

that are closer.

The interior chamber of the eyeball is filled with a

jelly-like tissue called the vitreous humor. After

passing through the lens, light must travel through

this humor before striking the sensitive layer of cells

called the retina.



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What is 20/20 vision?20/20 is a measurement of how clear your distance vision is. If your standard vision test reports

20/20 vision, it implies that, standing 20 ft away,

you are able to view feet exactly what a person

with normal vision is able to see from 20 ft.

20/40 vision, it implies that you need to stand

as close as 20 ft to view what a person with

normal vision is able to see from 40 ft away

20/15 vision, it indicates you can see clearly

from 20 ft what a person with normal vision can

see from 15 ft. Simply put, you can see a lot

better than what the normal person does.



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How do you know when you have an eye problem?

Do you have trouble seeing close objects? Distant

objects? Both?

These are common vision problems called

refractive errors. There are various methods to

correct the refractive errors including- Glasses,

contact lens and LASIK surgery amongst others.

Glasses and contact lenses change the way light

focuses on the inside of your eye.

Refractive surgery changes the shape of your eye

itself. Most often, a laser is used to reshape the

cornea (clear front layer of the eye). This reduces

your need for glasses or contacts.



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What is LASIK? How does it work?

LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis is one

of the most practiced laser eye surgery for the

treatment of

Myopia (near-sightedness),

Hyperopia (far-sightedness), and

Astigmatism (blurred vision).

This laser vision correction technique is performed

on the cornea so that light entering the eye can be

focused on the retina for clearer vision.



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Myopia

Hyperopia

Astigmatism



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Eye problems that LASIK does not treat

LASIK eye surgery is not for other eye diseases, including

keratoconus glaucoma or cataracts retinal and optic nerve diseases



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Eye problems that LASIK can treat

Refractive eye problems are of 3 kinds

Myopia (Short-sightedness)

Hyperopia (Far-sightedness)

Astigmatism (Blurred vision)

Myopia (Short-sightedness)

In myopia, the eye is longer than normal, preventing light rays from focusing directly on the retina.

Light rays come together at a point much ahead of the retina, and thus results in out of focus vision.

Distant objects are blurred, while nearby objects can be clear.



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Eye problems that LASIK can treat - Hyperopia and Astigmastism

Hyperopia (Far-sightedness)

In case of hyperopia, the eye is shorter than

normal. Light rays come together at a point

behind the retina causing nearby objects

to appear blurry and distant objects

clearer. Patients with high degree of

hyperopia report even distant objects

appearing as blurry.

Astigmatism (Blurred vision) Astigmatism is a condition caused by an

irregularly shaped cornea or lens. In

Astigmatism, the unequal power of the

cornea causes light rays to form a distorted

line instead of focusing on a point.

This results in the blurring of both distant

and near vision.



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Eye problems that LASIK can treat

All these 3 refractive errors can be treated with

LASIK treatment. What happens in LASIK is that

the eye surgery reshapes the cornea to change

the direction of light rays entering the eye so that

it can focus correctly on the retina, allowing you to

see better without glasses, or contact lens.

But to know whether your eye needs LASIK

treatment, regular eye examinations are a must.

Also, seeing an eye doctor regularly helps detect

other eye problems.

Early diagnosis and treatment of eye problems could save you your sight.



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Pre-operative tests for LASIKA battery of pre-operative tests and check-ups are required to be conducted when undergoing LASIK eye

treatment:

Refraction: To check the correct power of your spectacles, or contact lenses

Corneal Topography: To map the power of the cornea

Corneal Pachymetry: To measures the thickness of the cornea

Keratometry: To measure the curvature of the cornea

Slit-lamp Examination: To estimate the condition of the cornea

Tonometry: To checks the eye pressure

Retinal check-up: To look through your pupil at the vitreous, retina and other structures located

inside the back portion of the eye.

You need to know that the standard LASIK operation uses a blade called microkeratome. This is just one

form of LASIK. The others are bladeless LASIK and Wavefront LASIK.



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What happens in a standard LASIK eye surgery?What happens in a standard LASIK eye surgery? 1 Anaesthetic drops are applied to the eye 2 Next, the LASIK surgeon creates a protective flap of the outer layer of the cornea using a microkera to me. At this point, the vision dims and becomes blurry for about a minute. You an see the flashing light of the laser and

other procedural lights.

3 Then the eye surgeon uses the Excimer laser to direct cool laser light into the inner layers of the cornea. The laser light is invisible but you can hear the constant clicking sound as it removes predetermined amounts of tissue to reshape the cornea and correct the refractive error. 4 The cornea is shaped depending on the treatment required-made flatter to treat Myopia (near-sightedness), steeper to treat Hyperopia (far-sightedness), and/or more spherical to treat Astigmatism (blurred vision). 5 After the laser is administered, the LASIK surgeon carefully repositions and aligns the corneal flap, where it bonds itself instantly. Due to these extraordinary natural bonding qualities, there is no need for stitches, sutures or eye patches.



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Freedom from glasses in 15 minutesLasik does away with the dependence on

spectacles, and contact lenses, in just 15 minutes!

After LASIK surgery, all you need is some rest till

rapid visual recovery takes place. There is little or no

post-operative pain to worry about.

The LASIK surgery smoothly treats moderate to high

refractive errors and leaves you with better vision

and a better life.



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Different Types of LASIK

There are different types of LASIK treatments

Standard LASIK eye surgery

Blade free Intralase ‘Femtosecond’ LASIK

Custom LASIK

Your surgeon will explain the one best suited for you,

but make sure that you find out all the facts, before

you decide to undergo surgery on your eyes.



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Blade Free LASIK

Blade Free IntraLase ‘Femtosecond’ LASIK is a 100% blade free procedure for those of you who feel

hesitant about the 1st step in the regular LASIK surgery - Creation of the cornea flap. As the name suggests, the blade-free, or bladeless IntraLase method does not use a blade [microkeratome] in the procedure. Instead, it uses 2 distinct lasers to make the surgery more comfortable: 1 a femtosecond laser creates a thin corneal flap, and

2 an excimer laser, directed at the newly exposed eye surface, alters the shape of the cornea in the required fashion.IntraLase is a type of femtosecond pulse laser that is ultra-short. Eye surgeons use the IntraLase femtosecond laser to create the protective flap over your cornea instead of the usual microkeratome (surgical blade), and if you’re wondering, ‘femtosecond’ means one quadrillionth of a second! (Yes, that’s the speed at which the laser operates)Also known as the all-laser LASIK or IntraLASIKTM, this procedure takes 15-20 seconds per eye to create the corneal flap and approximately 10 minutes to complete the surgical process.



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How is Blade Free LASIK performed? 1 Anaesthetic drops are applied to the eye

2 A ring is placed over the eye to flatten the cornea in preparation for the blade free IntraLase method

3 The femtosecond laser beam creates a series of micro bubbles in the central layer of the cornea to create a corneal flap of predetermined dimensions.

4 This laser is computer controlled to move circumferentially. The dimensions simply need to be entered into the computer, and the laser does its job.

5 After this step, the regular LASIK procedure is observed, but the results obtained have been reported to be much better.



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How is custom LASIK performed?

In case of Custom LASIK, a wave-front analyzer is used. This enables our ophthalmic surgeon to customize the conventional LASIK procedure for your eyes. Since this procedure is designed to specifically to suit your eyes, it results in much clear-er and sharper vision than ever before.

The latest wavefront technology is enabled to examine your cornea and provide unique dimensions for the creation of customized corneal flap. This results in high levels of accuracy in vision correction with little or no margin for errors.

Custom LASIK is used for treating higher order aberrations, i.e. tiny imperfections in the optical system of your eyes which causes significant impact on the quality of vision. In fact, higher order aberrations have been linked to visual glares and halos. Traditional LASIK surgery can treat ordinary vision defects such as Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism, but other irregularities need to be treated via Custom LASIK surgery

using the wavefront technology.



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More about Custom LASIK

So, what exactly does the wavefront technology do?

Very simply put, it studies the manner in which light enters your eye. Also known as an aberrometer, it takes 3-dimensional measurements of how your eye processes images. The resultant map of the eye is then programmed into the laser so as to guide the laser in re-shaping your cornea. Due to the personalized 3-D map, the precision achieved with Custom LASIK treatment is almost impossible to achieve with the traditional LASIK treatment.

Meet the pioneers of Custom LASIK in india

Yes, it’s Ojas! Traditional LASIK surgery only helps resolve lower order aberrations of Defocus (Myopia and Hyperopia) and Astigmatism.

Hence, Ojas brought Custom LASIK treatment (or custom corneal ablation) and the wavefront technology to India which helped treat lower as well as higher order aberrations like Coma, Trefoil, Halos, Glare, etc.



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How does Custom LASIK work? 1 Anaesthetic drops are applied to the eye 2 The wavefront device transmits a safe ray of light into the eye 3 This light is then reflected back off the retina, through the pupil and on to the device. 4 The reflection is then arranged into a unique pattern to capture all the lower and higher order aberrations. Both these kinds of visual irregularities are displayed as a 3-D map or wave front map.

5 This information is electronically transferred

to the laser and matched to the eye’s position via a computer so as to enable the eye surgeon to customize the LASIK treatment.

6 Hereafter, the regular LASIK procedure is carried out, but with more accurate results.

Vision correction never got more personalized than this.



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Difference between LASIK and PRK

Point of Difference LASIK PRK

Suitability Suitable for all kinds of patients: Standard

or Intralase LASIK for regular thickness, and

Custom LASIK for thinner or steeper cornea

Method A thin, hinged flap is created on the cornea to access the treatment area

Initial recovery Relatively faster

Best Vision Almost immediately obtained

Risks involved Risk of corneal flap complications

Suitable for patients with thin cornea

The cornea’s entire epithelial (outer) layer is removed to expose the area and no flap is created

Relatively slower because it takes a few days for new epithelial cells to regenerate and cover the surface of the eye. Also, more eye discomfort experienced

Because of the above explained point, better vision takes longer to happen

Increased risk of post-surgery infection, inflammation and haze

PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) was the first type of laser eye surgery for vision correction and is the predecessor to the popular LASIK procedure. Here are a few differences between the two:



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How is LASIK treatment beneficial to you?

Apart from better vision and zero dependence on spectacles and contact lenses, which are obvious benefits

obtained from a standard LASIK eye treatment, the other benefits experienced are:

1 The bladeless IntraLase method allows surgeons to tailor the corneal flap for each patient

individually. Thus, patients get a customized experience suited just for them.

2 There is greater precision, attributed to micron level accuracy, and better visual result

3 High degree of safety and predictability makes this method especially suited for difficult cases like-

thin, flat or steeper corneas

4 Less epithelial damage is experienced as compared to a microkeratome cut hence, there are fewer

post operative complications

5 Even in dim illumination, night driving especially, better contrast sensitivity is observed.

Also, Custom LASIK treats both lower order (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism) and higher order

(glare, halos, shadow, etc) aberrations

6 There are greater chances of achieving 20/20 vision, or better



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How is LASIK treatment beneficial to you?

Apart from better vision and zero dependence on spectacles and contact lenses, which are obvious

benefits obtained from a standard LASIK eye treatment, the other benefits experienced are:

7 Wavefront technology does not only increase how much you can see (visual acuity measured by the

standard 20/20 eye chart) but also how well you can see it (contrast sensitivity in terms of finer

details)

8 Reduced post-operative complications such as glare, halos, shadows, difficulty with night vision, as

the procedure is entirely customized to your eye

Most patients who have undergone blade-free IntraLase or Custom LASIK eye surgery have reported

faster recovery, fewer corneal flap-related complications, and fewer induced higher order

aberrations (contributed to halos and glares).

What are you waiting for?



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What are the risks involved in LASIK Eye Surgery?

The femtosecond laser in bladeless IntraLase LASIK surgery operates at very high speeds

(one quadrillionth of a second) and, therefore, accurately creates the corneal flap without heat or impact to

surrounding tissue.

Studies have shown that bladeless IntraLase LASIK results in fewer complications than the regular LASIK

(with blade). But certain post-operative complications reported include:

1 Higher rate of light sensitivity, such as photophobia. This can be caused by any kind of LASIK

procedure - blade, or bladeless, but this can be resolved within a few weeks by using eye drops

2 Seeing a ‘rainbow effect’ around light sources. Though this effect is minimal and has been adjusted

for via recent technological advancements in the field of IntraLase LASIK eye surgery

3 Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK) causing inflammation around the corneal flap. There have been

only a handful of cases reporting this. But usage of blades is said to cause more epithelial damage.

The debate between Blade vs Bladeless LASIK is a never-ending one. The trade-off for extra safety with the

use of bladeless LASIK is simply the higher cost involved with Blade free surgery and infrastructure.



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Is LASIK for you?

LASIK eye surgery is effective in curing Myopia (near-sightedness), Hyperopia (far-sightedness), and Astigmatism (blurred vision). But it’s not for everyone.

You will be eligible only if you satisfy the following conditions:

1. Age More than 18 years

2. Myopia -1.00D to -18.00D 3. Hyperopia +1.00D to +6.00D

4. Astigmatism +/-1.00D to +/- 6.00D 5. Stable Refraction No change in prescription power for 6 months



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Is LASIK for you?

Other criteria include:

1 You should be in good health, i.e., not suffering from uncontrolled diabetes, autoimmune or

collagen vascular disease; or have any condition that compromises the immune response

2 LASIK eye surgery is not for other eye diseases, including keratoconus glaucoma, cataracts,

corneal disease, and certain retinal and optic nerve diseases

3 Also, make sure you do not have certain eye conditions including herpes simplex and herpes

zoster

4 Be sure to inform our LASIK eye doctors of any mental health conditions, eye problems like

amblyopia (lazy eye), strabismus (muscle imbalance), or any recurrent, residual or active eye

conditions that may influence healing. Other conditions that should be discussed with the LASIK

eye doctor include keloid scarring with previous surgical healing, back problems and

claustrophobia.



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Is LASIK for you?

Other criteria include:

5 Pregnant women are not eligible for the LASIK treatment because hormones affect the stability

of the prescription. Only after 3 menstrual cycles after nursing has been discontinued, should LASIK

surgery be undertaken.

6 Contact lenses should be discontinued for a period of time as advised by our ophthalmologist.

You should consider undergoing Custom LASIK treatment, or custom corneal ablation

if you are:

1 A primary refractive surgery patient with higher order aberrations (RMS > 0.5m),

2 Previous refractive surgery patient with induced higher order aberrations, or

3 Suffering from visual symptoms of glare, halos, trefoil, etc. that reduce visual acuity



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A Guide To Choosing The Right Refractive Surgeon

You only have one pair of eyes. Be absolutely sure that you trust them in the right hands.

1 Carefully investigate your surgeon’s background

- Is he a trained corneal specialist with years of experience performing refractive surgery?

- Is he involved in developing or - using future technologies?

- Does he often give lectures and attend medical meetings on refractive surgery?

- Does he teach other surgeons and is s/he called upon to see other surgeon’s problem patients?

2 Ask how many potential patients are not treated, not only how many surgeries are done

- Doctors who give you honest options and recommend the best and safest treatment for your

individual needs are the best.

3 Not just the surgeon but also the rest of the staff

- It is important to check the qualifications of the rest of the team as well, not just your eye

surgeon.



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A Guide To Choosing The Right Refractive Surgeon

4 Get a thorough eye and general health history including a discussion of your personal

visual needs and desires.

- Every patient’s expectation of refractive surgery is different.

- Make sure your eye surgeon is aware of your expectations and can tailor the surgery to

make you feel as comfortable as possible.

5 Infrastructure

- Check the equipments and allied infrastructure used in the LASIK procedures.

- Are they the latest?

- Is your surgeon tech-savvy? Is he/she well-versed with the latest wavefront technology?



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At Ojas, our trained and hugely experienced

ophthalmic surgeons will assist you with LASIK, as

well as other eye problems such as

1 Keratoconous

2 Glaucoma

3 Cataract

4 Corneal disease

5 Retinal/ Optic nerve diseases

What can Ojas do for you?



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Why choose Ojas for LASIK surgery?

Experience Life Without Glasses. It Feels So Good. Experience a clear and beautiful world.Under the care of the renowned Dr. Dedhia,one of India’s leading ophthalmic surgeons assisted by an able team of ophthalmologists.

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At Ojas, we have successfully treated

80,000 eye patients, from 191 countries,in the last 18 years. Our team is made up

of highly qualified ophthalmologists and

NOT mere technicians who will work on your eyes.

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How is Ojas Different from other LASIK treatment centers? It is precisely for this reason that we have invested in the latest technologies for surgeries on your eyes:

Our equipment include microkeratome LASIK, IntraLase Femtosecond LASIK and Custom LASIK treatments, bringing to you state-of-the-art wavefront technology of the West.

We have pioneered the use of Phakic Intra-Ocular lens implantation started C3R treatment, Femto-assisted corneal transplantation, Intacs, Rose K2 Lens and Multi focal IOLs.

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4 We perform all our surgeries at 2 of our well-equipped eye hospitals where till date in 18 years of operation, we have helped over 80,000 people, from 191 countries gain better

vision.

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18

191

80,000+

treatment pioneered

LASIK practice

countries served

eyes corrected for vision

LASIK----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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You can get in touch with us here

Ojas Laser eye Surgery Center

Roseland Building, Junction of Linking Road and Waterfield Road,

Bandra, Mumbai- 400050. India.

Ojas Laser eye Surgery Center

Jivala Pada Road, Behind Gokul Corcord Tower,Thakur Village, off Western Express Highway,

Kandivali ( East), Mumbai - 400 101

Call Us +91 22 61549999 | 022-26405951 | 022-26514066 | 022-66989736

Fax +91 22 26514068 E-mail- [email protected]

info- [email protected]

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Documents

you wanted to know about LASIK · What are the risks involved in LASIK Eye Surgery? 26 Is LASIK for you?27 A Guide To Choose The Right Refractive Surgeon 30 What can Ojas do for you?