y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m? Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p · A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m? Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p 13 F´p]Xn‰m≠pIƒ°v apºv \S∂ Hcp aXkwhmZw bpKi_vZw FUnt‰mdnb¬ 6 55

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hne 202014 s^{_phcn e°w 2

{`qWhn⁄m\obw Jp¿B\nepw lZoknepw

A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m?Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p

Ahmadiyya Muslim Mosque, Gambia

Nuurud Din Mosque, Germany

Hcp \q‰m≠nt\mSSp°p∂ aebmfØnse GI CkvemanI {]kn≤oIcWw

amt\P¿

F®v. AlvaZv jm^nt^m¨: 8089574250

kXyZqX≥akvPnZv Da¿, sk‚vs_\UnIvSv tdmUv, FdWmIpfw t\m¿Øv, sIm®n˛[email protected]

Printed & Published by B.B. Ahmad Kabeer, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama-ath

Printed at Anaswara Offset, Perandoor Jn.,Elamakkara, Ernakulam-682 026.

Published at Masjid Umar, St. Benedict Road, Ernakulam, Kochi-18. Edited by A.M. Muhammed Salim. Design: Ziyad Rahman

The Sathyadoothan Monthly

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZlp..)

A√m-lp-hns\ apdpsI ]nSn-°pIhnPbw \ap-°p-f-f-XmWv

2014 s^{_phcnln.i.1394˛X_veoKv1435˛d.BJ¿]pkvXIw 86 e°w 1hne 20 cq]

No^v FUn‰¿

Fw. \mkn¿ AlvaZvt^m¨: 9497343704

FUn‰¿

G. Fw. aplΩZv keowt^m¨: [email protected]

JpXzv_

7

A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m?Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p

13

F´p]Xn‰m≠pIƒ°v apºv \S∂Hcp aXkwhmZw

bpKi_vZw

FUnt‰mdnb¬

6

55

6

kºm: l_o_v, amln.

hnhml tamN\w: \nbahpw Ncn{Xhpw

29

tUm. Iuk¿ FS∏IØv

24

lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv (dlv)

^tdmh: hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ shfns∏SpØ¬

21

F. Fw. aplΩZv keow

GIm¥XbpsS A]mc XocØneqsS `qan Xs‚ Pohn]cnhmcßfpambn {]]©Øn¬ H‰°v Idßn XncnbpIbmtWm? a\pjy kaqlØns‚bpw Ahs‚ klPohnIfpsSbpw kpJZpxJßfpw Nn¥Ifpw A\p`qXnIfpw ]¶nSm≥ A\y{Kl PohnItfm a‰p ùtaXc \mKcnIXItfm \ΩpsS {]]©Ønept≠m? CXv kw_‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw imkv{Xhpw F¥p ]dbp∂p.

^tdmh AYhm ^n¿Hus‚ PohnXm¥ysØ kw_‘n®v ss__nƒ IYbn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXambn Jp¿B≥ shfns∏SpØp∂ hkvXpX IfmWv Ncn{XkXyßfpambn tbmPn°p∂Xv.

{`qWhn⁄m\obw Jp¿B\nepw lZoknepw sIbvØn≥ aq¿

17

43

hm¿ØIƒ

tIcf PwCøØp¬ Dea ÿm]I ]WvUnX∑mcnsemcmfmb C. sI auehn F∂dnbs∏Sp∂ auehn C. sI. Ip™lΩZv Ipń kmln_pw AlvaZnøm anj\dnbmbncp∂ lZvdØv _n. A–p√m kmln_v F®v. F. bpw XΩn¬ 87 h¿jßƒ°v apºv FgpØp aptJ\\S∂Xpw 1931 ¬ A®Sn®p {]kn≤oIcn®Xpamb Ncn{X {]kn≤amb aXkwhmZw.

38amen bm{Xs°mcmapJw

apkm^n¿

(Aao-dp¬ apAvan-\o≥ Jeo-^-Øp¬a-kolv lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZlp...) 2013 Unkw-_¿ 27,28,29 Xob-Xn-I-fn¬ JmZn-bm-\n¬ \S∂ hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ kam-]\w Ipdn-®p-sIm≠v sNbvX {]`m-j-W-w

Bflo-bXbpsS A\¿L Zn\-ßƒ auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬ Be-∏pg

AlvaZnø apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ P∑tKlamb JmZn-bm-\n¬ Pam-A-Øns‚ 122-˛m-aXv hm¿jnI ktΩ-f\Øns‚ dnt∏m¿´v

sshIn°p∂Xnse A\oXn

F.Iyp alvZn

37

39

2014 s^{_phcnkXyZqX≥4

X\n°v CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv Xs‚ ktlmZc\v th≠n

CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv hsc \nßfnsemcmfpw hnizmknbmhpIbn√.

(_pJmcn)

Rm≥ kXyambpw ]dbp∂p, Zp¿`mh\ hfsc NoØbmb Hcp

hn]ØmIp∂p. AXv a\pjys‚ kXyhnizmksØ \in∏n®p

IfbpIbpw kXyam¿KØn¬ \n∂v Ahs\ ZpcsØdnbpIbpw kv

t\lnX∑msc i{Xp°fmbn am‰pIbpw sNøp∂p. Zp¿`mh\Ifn¬

\n∂v a\pjy≥ c£s∏tS≠Xv kn≤o°pamcpsS ]cn]q¿WX

ssIhcn°p∂Xn\v A\pt]£WobamWv. Bsc°pdns®¶nepw

Zp¿`mh\bp≠mbnXpSßnbm¬ A[nIa[nIw ]›mØ]n®p.

]m]s∏mdpXn°mbn tXSpIbpw Cu ]m]Øn¬ \n∂pw {]kvXpX

Zp¿`mh\sb XpS¿∂p≠mhp∂ tZmjêßfn¬\n∂pw

c£s∏Sp∂Xn\v th≠n {]m¿Yn°pIbpw sNtø≠XmWv. AXns\

Hcn°epw \n mc Imcyambn KWn°cpXv . AXv AXy¥w

hn]¬°camb Hcp tcmKamIp∂p. AXn\ncbmIp∂h≥ hfsc

thKØn¬ \miaSbpIbpw sNøpw (a¬^qkmØv)

Hmtcm a\pjy\pw Xm≥ sNbvX \∑bpw Xn∑bpw

apJmapJw ImWp∂ ZnhksØ°pdn®v ( bs∏SpI)

Ah\pw B Xn∑°pw CSbn¬ Zo¿LZqcw D≠mbn

cps∂¶n¬ F∂v Ah≥ B{Kln°pw. A√mlp Xs∂

Ipdn®v \nßsf Pm{KXs∏SpØp∂p. A√mlp Xs‚

Zmk≥amtcmSv hfsc ImcpWyap≈h\mWv. (3:31)


a\pjy\v \oXnt_m[w e`yambXv aXkwlnXIfn¬\nt∂m \nba kwlnXIfn¬ \nt∂m a\pjy_mlyamb bmsXmcp t{kmX n¬\nt∂m A√. a\pjymkvXnXztØmsSm∏w Ahs‚ krjvSn∏n¬ssZhw \nt£]n® Hcp khntij KpWw H∂psIm≠p am{XamWv a\pjy\n¬ kzm`mhnI \oXnt_m[w DSseSp°p∂Xv. icnbpw sX‰pw \oXnbpw [¿ahpw F¥msW∂v a\pjy≥ Xncn®dnbp∂XpwAXv sIm≠mWv. PmXnaXßƒ°pw {]Xyb imkv{Xßƒ°pw AXoXambn a\pjycmbF√mh¿°pw Cu KpWw ssZhw \¬Inbncn°p∂p. ssZh\ntj[n°v t]mepw \oXn t_m[ap≠t√m.Nnet∏mƒ \maam{X aX hnizmkntb°mƒ \oXn t_m[w {]Z¿in∏n°p∂Xpw Ahcmbncn°pw.aXIobhpw atXXchpamb F√m am\hob ÿm]\ßfpw Z¿i\ßfpw \oXn k¶¬∏wASnÿm\am°n {]h¿Øn°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv AXvsIm≠mWv. \oXn t_m[w {]Zm\w sNøp∂XvXßfmsWt∂m AXns‚ IpØI Xßƒ°msWt∂m Hcp aXØn\pw {]Xybimkv{XØn\pwAhImis∏Sm≥ km≤ya√. Hcp {]tXyI aXØntem BZ¿iØntem hnizkn®m¬ am{Xta \oXnt_m[w D≠mhq F∂pw ]dbm\mhn√. a\pjys\ krjvSn® ssZhamWv Ahs‚ BXvamhn¬\oXnt_m[hpw krjvSn®Xv. A√mlphns‚ alZv KpWßfpsS `mhh¿Wßƒ a\pjymXvamhnepwAh≥ k∂nthin∏n®ncn°p∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p:"Rm≥ B icocsØcp]s∏SpØpIbpw alXzØns‚ {]Imißƒ kaoIcn°pIbpw AXn¬ Fs‚ BXvamhns\DuXpIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂Xn\m¬ \nßsf√mw AXn¬ hW°tØmSpIqSn Iogvs∏Spho≥'(15:30) a\pjy\n¬ {]IrXymbp≈ \oXnt_m[sØ hf¿ØpIbpw t]mjn∏n°pIbpw]q¿WXbnseØn°pIbpamWv {]IrXn aXamb Ckvemw sNøp∂Xv. ‘A√mlp GsXmcp{]IrXnbn¬ a\pjysc krjvSn®pthm B {]IrXn ssIsIm≈pI. A√mlphns‚ krjvSn∏n\vHcp am‰hpan√. AXs{X F∂pw \ne\n¬°p∂ aXw. ]t£ a\pjy\cn¬ A[nIw BfpIfpwbmYm¿Yyw Adnbp∂n√.’(30:31) \oXnbpsS ewL\amWv C∂v temIsØhnsSbpw \S°p∂Xmbn \ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv.A√mlp Jp¿B\n¬ ]dbp∂p: ‘hnizkn®htc ssZham¿KØn¬ Dd®p \n¬Iphn≥. \oXn°vkm£nIfmbncn°phn≥. Hcp Iq´¿°v \nßtfmSp≈ i{XpX \oXn hncp≤ambn{]h¿Øn°p∂Xn\v \nßsf t{]cn∏n°mXncn°s´. \oXn {]h¿Øn°phn≥ AXt{X`‡ntbmSSpØv \n¬°p∂Xv.’(5:9) ho≠pw Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: ‘hnizkn®hstc, \oXn]men°p∂Xn¬ \nßƒ IWni°mcmbncn°phn≥ \nßƒs°Xncmbncp∂mepw \nßfpsSamXm]nXm°ƒt°m D‰h¿t°m FXncmbncp∂mepw A√mlphn\v th≠n \nßƒ \oXnbn¬ Dd®p\n¬°phn≥ Ah¿ [\hm\mbmepw Zcn{Z\mbmepw A√mlphs{X Ahcpambn IqSpX¬ASpØh≥. \oXnam¿KØn¬ \n∂v sX‰nt∏mImXncn°≥ \nßƒ tkzNvO°v ASns∏SmsXkq£n°pho≥. \nßƒ kXyw ad®p sh°pItbm hfs®mSn°pItbm sNøp∂ ]£w \nßƒ{]h¿Øn°p∂sX¥msW∂v A√mlp \√hÆw Adnbp∂h\s{X’(4: 136) CkevmanINcn{XØn¬ \S∂ AXpeyamb Hcp kw`hw ChnsS Ipdn°s´. \memw Jeo^ lZvdØv Aen(d)bpsS cWImeØv Hcp PqXs\Xnsc A\ymb°mc\mbn Jeo^ Aen Xs‚ hmZßƒ sXfnbn°m≥aI≥ lks\ km£nbmbntImSXnbn¬ lmPcm°pIbp≠mbn. km£nbpambn Jeo^°p≈ASpØ _‘w ImcWw Jeo^bpsS `cWØn∂v Iognep≠mbncp∂ tImSXn Jeo^bpsS hmZwX≈pIbpw PqX\v A\pIqeambn hn[n°pIbpw sNbvXp. \oXnbpsS Cu IWniX I≠v Aºc∂PqX≥ sXfnhns‚bpw km£nIfpsSbpw A`mhØm¬ X≈nt∏mb Jeo^bpsS F√m _m≤yXIfpw sImSpØp ho´pIbp≠mbn. AkXyØns‚bpw A\ymbØns‚bpw D]mkI¿ Hcp hymP_nw_sØ Bcm[n°p∂h\vXpey\mWv.hmKvZØ akolv lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]dbp∂p: ‘_nw_ßfpsS Aip≤nbn¬ \n∂pwhn´pamdphn≥; Ifhn¬ \n∂pw. AXv _nw_]pPbn¬ Ipd™X√.(kqdØp¬ l÷v 31)kXyØns‚ e£yÿm\Øv \n∂pw \nßfpsS apJw Xncn°pamdmIp∂sXs¥m AXp \nßfpsSam¿KØn¬ Hcp hn{KlamIp∂p. \nßfpsS ]nXm°∑m¿°pw ktlmZc∑m¿°pwkvt\lnX∑m¿°pw FXncmbncp∂mepw kXyamb km£yw ]dbphn≥. bmsXmcp i{XpXbpw\nßƒ°v \oXn {]h¿Øn°p∂Xn\v Hcp {]Xn_‘amIcpXv, ’(Ckmse Hulmw)

\oXnt_m[w


lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

bpKi_vZw

lZvdØv Cukm(A) bpsS Akm[mcW

\nebnep≠mb P\\hpw hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚

hy‡amb A≤ym]\Øn\v t\sc hncp≤ambn

ÿqe icoctØmsSbp≈ BImiØnte°p≈

Ib‰hpw acn°mXncp∂n´pw acn® \_namcpsS

BXvam°fpsS CSbn¬ (AhcmsW¶n¬ Hcp

hn[Øn¬ kz¿KØn¬ {]thin®v Ign™h

cpamWv.) {]thin°epsa√mw kXyamb Hcp

aXØn\v `qjWamb hnizmkImcyßf√;

Icn¶dbmWv.

]m›mXy krjvSn ]qPI¿°v \o≠Imeambn

GI ssZhhnizmknIƒ Hcp ISw ho´m\p≠m

bncp∂p. A⁄cmb apkvenwIƒ Cu ISw

ho´m\ps≠∂v kΩXn®psIm≠p Xs∂

]enibn\Ønepw hensbmcp kwJy h¿[n∏n®p.

C°mcWØm¬ e£°W°n\v apkvenwIƒ

tfml [cn®v aX]cnXymKnIfmbn amdn. Cu ISw

ho´m≥ Hcp t]mw hgnbpw Ah¿ I≠n√.

{InkvXym\nIfpsS hmZw Cßs\bmWv.

RßfpsS d∫mb tbip aninlm ssZhØns‚

i‡n {]`mhw ImWn®p sIm≠v DStemsS

BImitØ°v Ibdnt∏mbn. Ah≥ ssZ

hambncp∂p. F∂m¬ \nßfpsS \_n°v

lnPvdØv sNbvXv aZo\ hsct∏mepw ]d°m≥

Ign™n√. Yu¿ Kplbn¬ aq∂p Znhkw hsc

Hfn®ncnt°≠ KXn tISp≠mbn. Ahkm\w

hfsc ]Wns∏´v aZo\bnseØnsb¶nepw {]mbw

At±ltØmSp Iqdp Imńbn√. ]Øv h¿jØn\v

tijw acn®v aÆn\Snbn¬ adbS°s∏´p. F∂m¬

tbip aninl ÿqe icoctØmSp IqSn C∂pw

BImiØv Pohn®ncn°p∂p Fs∂∂pw Poh

t\msS Ccn°pIbpw sNøpw Ahkm\w At±

lw Xs∂ BImiØn¬ \n∂v Cdßnh∂v \oXn

\S∏n¬ hcpØpw. At±lsØ ssZhamsW∂v

AwKoIcn°mØhsc√mw ]nSn°s∏SpIbpw AKv

\nbn¬ Fdnb s∏SpIbpw sNøpw. Cu Bt£]

ßƒs°m∂pw apkvenwIƒfpsS ]°¬ Hcp

adp]Snbpw D≠mbncp∂n√. AhmNyamb

e÷bnepw Ffnabnepw Ah¿°v Zn\ßƒ

X≈n\ot°≠n h∂p.

Ct∏mgnXm tbip aninlmbpsS

ssZhnIXbpsS kXyw \√ hÆw sXfn™ncn

°p∂p. ]pcmX\ßfmb Bbnc°W°n\v

acp∂pIfpw Ipdn∏SnIfp aSßp∂ ]ucmWnI

sshZyimkv{X {KŸßƒ BZyImeØv

tdmam°mcpw bq\m\nIfpw aPqknIfpw

{InkvXym\nIfpw Ahkm\w apkvenwIfpw

`mjm¥cw sNbvXv {]kn≤oIcn®n´p≠v. AXn¬

Hcp Ipdn∏Sn a¿lsa Cukm F∂

t]cnep≈XmWv . Cu acp∂v lZvdØv Cukm°v

th≠n AXmbXv At±lØn\v Ipcnin¬

\n∂p≠mb £Xßƒ DWßm≥ th≠n

Xømdm°s∏´Xmbncps∂∂v B {KŸßfn¬

hnhcn®ncn°p∂p. Iivaocn¬ l: Cukm(A)bpsS

J_v¿ I s≠Ønbncn°pIbmWv. Ad_nbnepw

^m¿knbnepw Bbncw h¿j ßƒ°p aptº

cNn°s∏´ {KŸßfpw At±lØns‚ acWw

km£ys∏SpØpIbpw J_v¿ IivaocnemsW∂v

]dbpIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v.

(Xplp^Øp∂Zvh).

Cukm \_n(A)sb kw_‘n® apkvenw hnizmkw


Ah\s{X A£cPvRm\ an

√mØ B P\Xbn¬ (Ad_nI

fn¬) Ahcn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp

ZqXs\ Fgpt∂¬∏n®n´p≈Xv.

B ZqX¬ Ahs‚ hN\ßƒ

Ah¿°v hmbn®v tIƒ∏n°pI

bpw Ahsc ip±oIcn°pIbpw

Ah¿°v {KŸhpw XØz⁄m

\hpw ]Tn∏n®p sImSp°pIbpw

sNøp∂p: CXn\papºv Ah¿

kv]jvSamb hgntISnembncp∂p

sh¶nepw.

AhtcmsSm∏w CtXhsc

tN¿∂nń√mØ Ahcn¬ \n∂p≈

as‰mcp P\Xbnepw (Ah≥

ZqXs\ Fgpt∂¬∏n°p∂XmWv.)

Ah≥ {]Xm]hm\pw AKm[PvR

\\pamIp∂p. (hn. Jp¿B≥ 62:2,3)\_n-(k)Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Imew

\_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Ime-

L-´-w c≠v L´ßfmbv hn`Pn°

s∏ńcn°p∂p. H∂v temIØv

A[¿aw Xnan¿Øm-Sn-bn-cp∂ Ime-

L-´w. Adn-hn-√m-bvabpw bp‡n-cm-

ln-Xy-hpw-sIm≠v temIw A‘-am-

bn-Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv aX-

Øns‚ IÆp-Iƒ°v i‡n ]I-

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Sp-Øp∂Xpw, a\p-jy\v Ahs‚

krjvSn-bp-t±-iysØ Ipdn®v ]d-

™p-sIm-Sp-°p∂Xpw, a\p-jys\

D∂-X-amb s]cp -am‰w ]Tn -∏n -

°p∂Xpamb Adnhpw XØz-⁄m-

\hpw A{]-Xy-£-am-bn-cp-∂p. B

Adnhpw XØz-⁄m-\hpw \_n(-

k)-Xn-cp-ta\n aptJ\ A√mlp

a\p-jy\v \evIn-b-Xm-Wv. P\-ßƒ

AXns\ kzmb-Ø-am-°n-s°m≠v

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tI-Sn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h∂v sNmΔm-

b-am¿K-Øn¬ ]Z-aq-∂n A√m-lp-hp-

am-bn-´p-ff _‘w h¿[n-∏n®v Ah-

t\mSpw Ahs‚ krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp-ap-

ff ISa \nd-th-‰p-∂-h-cm-bnØo-

cm\p-f-f-Xm-bn-cp∂p B Adnhpw

XØz-⁄m-\hpw.

hmKvZØ alvZnbpw ako-lp-

amb lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)CXp

kw_-‘n®v ]d-bp∂p: "BZy-

tØbpw c≠m-a-tØbpw hN-\-

Øn¬\n∂v \ap°v a\- n-emIp-

∂Xv F¥m-sW-∂p-h-®m¬, (A-Xm-

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hcp∂ hN-\-hpw)-P-\-ßƒ Adn-

hnepw XØz-⁄m-\ -Ønepw

A‘-cm-bn-Øo¿∂ Ime-L-´-Øn-

emWv A√mlp dkq-ens\ Ab-

®sX∂m-Wv . Bflm-hns‚

kºq¿Ønbv°v Bh-iy -amb

bp‡n-] -chpw aX-] -c -hp -amb

⁄m\-ßƒ , a\p -jym -flmhv

⁄m\-]-chpw I¿a-]-c-hp-am-bn -

k-ºq¿WX {]m]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff

bp‡n-] -chpw aX-] -c -hp -amb

⁄m\-ßƒ XnI®pw \jvS-s∏-ń-

cp∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. P\-

ßƒ ]q¿W-ambpw hgn-tI-Sn¬

A√m-lp-hns\ apdpsI ]nSn-°pIhnPbw \ap-°p-f-f-XmWv

(Aao-dp¬ apAvan-\o≥ Jeo- -Øp¬a-kolv lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv

(AøZlp...) 2013 Unkw-_¿ 27,28,29 Xob-Xn-I-fn¬ JmZn-bm-\n¬ \S∂

hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ kam-]\w Ipdn-®p-sIm≠v sNbvX {]`m-j-W-w

{]`m-j-W-w


AI-s∏´pt]mbn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv

A√m -lp -hn¬\n∂pw Ahs‚

t\cmb ]mX-bn¬\n∂pw Zqc-Øp-

t]mbn ]Xn-®n-cp-∂p. B kab

ØmWv A√mlp Xs‚ \nc-£-c-

\mb dkq-ens\ Ab-®-Xv. B

dkq¬ Ah-cpsS Bflm-°sf

ip≤o-I-cn-®p. {KŸ-Øns‚ Adn

hpw bp‡n-⁄m-\hpw sIm≠v

Ahsc k∂-≤-cm-°n-Øo¿Øp.

AXm-bXv Aam-\p-jnI {]h¿Øn-

IƒsIm≠v hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]mc-

ay-X-bn-se-Øn-®p. ssZhsØ Xncn-

®-dn-bp∂ {]ImiwsIm≠v Ah-

cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf {]tim- n-X-am°n

Øo¿Øp. Fß-s\-bp-ff AS-bm-

f-ß-fmWv shfn-s∏-´-sX∂v temIw

I≠p. aZy-e-l-cn -bn¬ B\μw

Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂-h¿ aZy-Øns‚

IpS-ßƒ X®p-S-bv°p-∂-h-cm-bn-

Øo¿∂p. \n m-c-Im-cy-ß-fpsS

t]cn¬ ]ckv]cw Igp-Ø-dp-°p-

∂-h¿ kvt\l-Øn-t‚bpw kmtlm-

Z-cy-Øn-t‚bpw [zP-hm-l-I-cm-bn-

Øo¿∂p. A⁄cpw aX-

Øn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-t]m-b-hcpw

_nw_-ßsf ]qPn -°p-∂-hcps

a√mw GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw ÿm]n-

°p-∂-hcpw ssZh kl-Nm-cn-bmb

a\p-jy-cp-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. Ckvem

anI Ncn{Xw Ah-cpsS h¿W-i-_-

f-amb kw`-h-ß-fm¬ \nd-™p-In-

S-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Cu am‰-ap-≠m-

bXv \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta\n aptJ\

A√m-lp-hns‚ {KŸ-sa-Øp-Ibpw

Ah-cXv a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw Adn-

hn-t‚bpw XØz-⁄m-\-Øn-t‚

bpw \ne Db-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-

sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-

\n -bp -sS -ta¬ Cd-ßnb Xs‚

{KŸw temIm-¥yw-hsc {]tim-`n-

X-ambn \nev°m\pw Adnhpw XØz-

⁄m-\hpw hnX-dm -\pw -th-≠n -

bmWv h∂n-´p-f-f-sX∂v A√mlp

]d-bp-∂p. AXp\ne-\n-dp-Øm\pw

kwc-£n-°m-\p-ap-ff Npa-X-ebpw

A√mlp Gs‰-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

ho≠pw hcp∂ A\p-Kr-loX ImewAhkm\ImeØv B Adnhpw

XØz-⁄m-\hpw P\-ßƒ ad-

°m≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-

hns‚ ImcpWyw \nd™p {]h-

ln-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. h BJ-co\an≥lpw eΩm b¬l-Jq-_nlnwF∂-Xns‚ Zriyw temIw ho≠pw

ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv. Adn-hn-√m-bvabpw

A‘-Im-chpw hgn-tISpw \_n

(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kXy-k-‘-

\mb Zmk≥ aptJ\ A√mlp

AI-‰p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. B c≠m-

asØ Ime-L´w Cu kXy-k-‘-

\mb Zmks‚ Ime-L-´-am-Wv.

At±lw hmKvZØ ako-lp-am-Wv.

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ alvZn-bp-am-

Wv. lZvdØv ako-lv-au-DuZv (A)

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏´

hcpw -Im -esØ ]cm -a¿in -®p -

sIm≠p ]d-bp-∂p. A√mlp ho

≠pw ]d-™p, Ah-km\ ImeØv

shfn-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp kwL-am-Wn-

Xv. A°m-e-Øp-f-f-hcpw Ccp- nepw

hgn-tI-Sn-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿

Adn-hn¬\n∂pw XØz--⁄m-\-

Øn¬ \n∂pw hnizm -k-

Øn¬\n∂pw AI-∂-h-cm-bn-cn -

°pw. At∏mƒ Ahsc A√mlp

kzlm-_-Øns‚ h¿W-Øn¬

sIm≠p-h -cpw. AXm -bXv

Fs¥m∂v kzlm-_m-°ƒ I≠n-

cp-∂pthm AXv Ch¿°pw ImWn-

°-s∏-Spw. Ch-cpsS kXy-k-‘-

Xbpw ZrV-hn-izm-k-hpw- kzlm-_m-

°-fpsS kXy-k-‘-Xbpw ZrV-hn-

izm-k-hpw- t]mse-bm-bn-Øocpw.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)-]-

d-bp-∂p, h BJ-co\ an≥lpweΩm b¬l-Jq-_nlnw F∂ hN-

\-ap -f -fXv akolv auDu-Zn\p

th≠n-bn-´m-Wv. CXns‚ A¿Yw

]q¿W-amb hgn-tI-Sn -\p-tijw

k∑m¿Khpw XØz-⁄-m\hpw

{]m]n-°p-∂-h-cpw \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-

\n-bpsS AZv`p-X-Zr-jvSm-¥-ßƒ

ImWp-∂-hcpw ct≠-c≠v kwL-

°m-cm-sW-∂m-Wv. H∂m-a-tØXv

\_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpsS kzlm-

_m-°-fm-Wv. Ah¿ \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-

ta\n shfn-s∏-Sp -∂-Xn\paptº

A‘-Im-c-Øn-e-I-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cp-

∂p. ]n∂oSv Ah¿ \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-bpsS Ime-L´w {]m]n-®p.

Aam-\p-jnI {]hrØn-Iƒ Xß-

fpsS IÆp-IƒsIm≠v Ah¿

I≠p. {]h-N-\-ßƒ ]pe-cp-∂Xv

I≠p. ZrV-hn-izmkw Ah-cn¬

Fß-s\-bp-ff am‰-amWv D≠m-°n-

b-sX-∂m¬ Ah-cpsS Bflmhv

am{Xw Ah-ti-jn-®p. apI-fn¬

]d™ hN-\-Ønse c≠m-asØ

kwLw kzlm-_m-°sf t]mse

bp-f-f-h-cm-Wv. AXv akolv auDu-

Zns‚ kwL-am-Wv. ImcWw B

kwLhpw kzlm-_m-°sf t]m

se \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Aam-

\p-jnI {]hrØn-Iƒ ImWp-∂-h-

cm-Wv. A‘-Im-c-Øn\pw hgn-tI-

Sn\pw tijw k∑m¿Kw {]m]n-°p-

∂-h-cm-Wv. BJ-co\ an≥lpwF∂-Xnse an≥lpw F∂ ]Z-

Øn¬ AXm-bXv Ah¿ kzlm-_m-

°-fpsS kZr-i-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ A\p-

{K-l-Øm¬ Ah¿°v AXns‚

Awiw \evI-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv GXp-t]mse

kzlm-_(-d), \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

bpsS Aam-\p-jnI {]hr Øn-Iƒ

I≠pthm {]h-N-\-ßƒ ]pe-cp-

∂Xv I≠pthm AXp -t]mse

Chcpw ImWp-sa-∂m-Wv. CS-bv°p-

ff Ime-°m¿°v Cu A\p-{K-l-

Øn¬\n∂v sNdnb Awiw

A√msX kºq¿W-amb \nebn¬

e`n-°p-I-bn-√.

\_n(k)-bpsS Aam-\p-jn-IXAh-km\ ImeØv akolv

auDuZv aptJ\ D≠m-tI-≠p∂

A\p-{K -lØns‚\ne-hm -chpw

Cukm(A) -sb-°mƒ D∂-X-am-bn-

cn-°pw. Ct∏mƒ D≠m-bn-´p-f-fXpw

Aß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv. 13 \q‰m-≠p-

Iƒ°ptijw ho≠pw -\-_n(-k)-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS apA vPn-k-Øp-I-

fpsS AYhm Aam -\p -jnI

{]h¿Øn-I-fpsS IhmSw Xpd-∂p.

P\-ßƒ AXv t\cn¬ I≠p. Zmdp-Jp-Xv\n-bnepw ^Xmh C_v\plP-dnepw ]d-™-Xp-t]mse kqcy-

N{μ {Kl-W-ßfp≠m-bn. lZo-

Yn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse N{μ-\p-

th≠n \n›-bn-°-s∏´ cm{Xn-I-


fn¬ BZy cm{Xn-bn¬ N{μ-{K-l-W-

ap -≠m -bn. AXp -t]m -se -Xs∂

kqcy-{K-l-W-Øn-\p-th≠n \n›-

bn-°-s∏-ń-´p-ff Zn\-ß-fn¬ CS-

bv°p-ff ]I¬ kqcy-{K-l-W-hp-

ap-≠m-bn. alvZn-bm-sW∂v hmZn-

°p∂ Hcp hy‡n \ne-hn-ep-f-f-

t∏m-gmWv Cu {Kl-W-ß-fp-≠m-b-

Xv. BIm-ihpw `qan-bp-ap-≠m-b-Xp-

ap-X¬ Cu AS-bmfw Hcn-°epw

D≠m-bn- n-√. CXp-≠m-b-Xmbn C∂p-

hsc B¿°pw sXfn-bn®p ImWn-

°m\pw Ign-™n-ń-√. CXp \_n

(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Hcp apAvPn-k-

Øm-bn -cp -∂p. AXv P\-ßƒ

t\cn¬ I≠p. hmKvZØ ako-

lns‚ ImeØv hm¬\-£{Xw DZn-

°p-sa∂pw hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.

Bbn-c-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ AXpw

I≠p. AXp-t]mse Pmh-bpsS

A·nbpw e£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ

Z¿in-°-bp-≠m-bn. tπKv ]S¿∂p

]nSn-®Xpw l÷v XS-b-s∏-´Xpw

F√m -hcpw kz¥w IÆp-Iƒ

sIm≠v I≠p-I -gn -™-Xm -Wv .

cmPyØv dbn-ep-Iƒ Xøm-dm-bXpw

H´ -I -ßƒ Dt]-£n -°-s∏-´ -Xp -

sa√mw \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

apAvPn-k-Øp-I-fm-Wv. kzlm-_(-d)

apAvPn-k-Øp-Iƒ I≠-Xp-t]mse

AsX√mw C°m-eØv Chcpw

I≠p. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ {]Xm-]-hm-

\mb A√mlp Cu Ah-km\

ImesØ kwLsØ an≥lpwF∂ ]Zw-sIm≠v hnfn-®p. apAvPn-

k-Øp -Iƒ Z¿in -°p -∂-Xn¬

Chcpw kzlm-_m-°-fpsS h¿W-

Øn-ep-f-f-h-cm-sW∂v ]d-bm≥th-

≠n-bm-bn -cp∂p CXv. Nn¥n®p

t\m°p-hn≥. 13 \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°n-S-

bn¬ an≥lm-Pp-∂p-_p-Δ-Øns‚Imew ({]-hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-s‚-Im-ew)-

a-‰m-cmWv {]m]n-®Xv; C°m-e-L-´-

Øn¬ \ΩpsS Pam-AØv krjvSn-

°-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se.

kzlm-_m-°-tfmSv kmZriyw]e Imc-W-ß-fm¬ Cu kwL-

Øn\v kzlm-_m-°-fp-ambn kmZr-

iy-ap-≠v. kzlm-_m-°ƒ I≠-Xp-

t]mse Ch¿ apAv-Pn-k-Øp-Ifpw

AS-bm-f-ßfpw ImWp-∂p. kzlm-

_m-°ƒ {]m]n-®-Xp-t]mse Ch¿

A√m-lp-hn‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpw

\hw -\ -h -ß-fmb klm-b -

ßfpwsIm≠v ZrV-hn -izmkw

{]m]n-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ hgn-

bn¬ Ch¿ ]cn-lm-k-ßfpw A[n-

t£-]-ßfpw IpØp-hm-°p-Ifpw

tI´v ZpxJw kln-°p-∂p; kzmlm-

_m-°ƒ kln-®-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂.

hy‡-amb AS-bm-f-ßfpw BIm-

i-Øp-\n -∂p-ff klm-b-ßfpw

bp‡n -` - {Z -amb A[ym -] -\ -

ßfpwsIm≠v Ch¿ ]cn-ip-≤-amb

PohnXw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-s°m-≠p-

t]m-Ip∂p; kzlm-_m-°ƒ Ic-

ÿ-am-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂.

\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Ic-™p-I-c™v

hne-]n-°p-∂-h¿ Ch-cn¬ Hcp-]m-

Sp-≠v. kpPqZv sNøp∂ ÿe-ßƒ

Ch¿ IÆo¿sIm≠v \\-bv°p-

∂p; kzlm-_m-°ƒ Ic-™n-cp-∂-

Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂. kXy-amb kz]v\-

ßƒ ImWp-∂-hcpw A√m-lp-

hn¬\n∂v C¬lmw e`n-°p-∂-

hcpw Ch-cn¬ [mcm -f -ap -≠v ;

kzlm-_m°fn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-

t]m-se-X-s∂. kzbw A[zm-\n-®p-

≠m-°nb ]Ww A√m-lp-hns‚

Xr]vXn e`n -°p-∂-Xn -\p -th≠n

am{Xw \ΩpsS Pam -A-Øn-\p -

th≠n sNe-h-gn-°p-∂-hcpw Ch-

cn-ep≠v; kzlm-_m-°ƒ sNe-h-gn-

®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂. ac-WsØ

Hm¿an-°p-∂-h-tcbpw arZpe kz`m-

h-°m-tcbpw kXy-amb ssZh -‡n-

bn¬ ]Z-aq-∂p-∂-h-tcbpw Ch-cn¬

Hcp-]m-Sp-ImWmw; kzlm-_m-°-

fpsS Pohn-X-N-cy-t]m-se-X-s∂.

Ch¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ kwL-°m-cm-

Wv. Chsc A√m-lp-X-s∂-bmWv

ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-Xv. Znt\\ Ch-

cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf Ah≥ ip≤o-

I-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf

hnizm-k-]-c-amb ⁄m\-Øm¬

\nd-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhn-I-

amb AS-bm-f-ßƒsIm≠v X-∂n-

te°v Chsc hen-®-Sp-∏n-°p-∂p;

kzlm-_m-°sf hen-®-Sp-∏n-®-Xp-

t]m-se-X-s∂. Npcp-°w-]-d-™m¬

BJ-co\ an≥lpw F∂ hN-\-

Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p-ff F√m e£-

W-ßfpw Ch-cn¬ ]pecp∂-Xmbn

ImWmw. A√mlp ]d™ Imcyw

Hcp-\mƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-tI-≠n-bn-cp-

∂Xv \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p.

alvZnbpw akolpw]n∂oSv lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)-]-d-™p, "BJ-co\ an≥lpwF∂ hN-\-Øn¬ Hcp kqN\

Cß-t\bpw ImWmw. GXp-t]mse

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Cu Pam-

AØv kzlm-_(-d)-Øns‚ Pam-A-

Øp-ambn kmZr-iy-ap-f-f-Xm-bn-cn-°p-

∂pthm Cu Pam -A-Øns‚

Camapw AXp-t]mse Ombm-]-c-

amb \ne-bn¬ \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

bp-ambn kmZr-iy-ap-ff hy‡n-bm-

Wv. hmKvZØ ako-ln\v c≠p

kmZriyw D≠m-bn -cn -°p-sa∂v

\_n(-k)-Xn -cp -ta\n ]d-™-Xp-

t]mse D≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp;

H∂v lZvdØv Cukm ako-lp-am-

bn-´v-˛-A-°m-c-W-Øm¬ At±lw

akolv F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Spw. c≠v

\_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-am-bn-´v-˛-A-

°m-c-W-Øm¬ At±lw alvZn

F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Spw.

]q¿h-Zn-°nepw ]›n-a-Zn-°nepw

kqcy-N{μ {Kl-W-ßƒ, alvZn

F∂p hmZn-°p∂ Bƒ \ne-hn-ep-

≠m-bn-cns° Htc da-Zm≥ amk-

Øn¬ D≠m-b ÿnXnbv°v

AXn¬ Nn¥n-t°-≠Xv ip≤ {]Ir-

X-°m-cpsS IS-a-bt√? a‰p AS-bm-

f-ßfpw t\m°p-I. Ch¿ Ccp∂v

bm{X-sN-øp∂ B[p-\nI hml-\-

ßƒ \_n(-k)-Xn-cp -ta-\n -bpsS

{]h-N-\-ßsf kXy-s∏-Sp -Øp-

∂nt√? hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´

akolpw alvZnbpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂nt√? GI-

ssZh kn≤m¥sØ D∑q-e\w

sNøm-\p-ff Z÷meo i‡n-I-fp-

sS -Kq-V-X-{¥-ßƒ, apkveowIsf

XΩn¬X-√n-sIm-√n®v ]mtS \in-∏n-

°m-\p-ff Ah-cpsS ]≤-Xn-Iƒ

Ch¿ ImWp-∂nt√? Jp¿-B\pw

\ne-hn-ep-≠v, kp∂Øpw \ne-hn-ep-

≠v.- \-_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DØ-


a-amb Pohn-X-am-Xr-Ibpw kp∂-

Øp-I -fn¬\n∂pw lZo -Yp -I -

fn¬\n∂pw e`n -°p -∂p -ap -≠v .

Zo\ns‚ ]Xm-I ]nSn-°p-∂-h-sc∂v

]d-bp∂ De-am-°-tfbpw F√m

I£n-I-fnepw ImWmw. Aßs\

F√m {ia-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn´pw F¥p-

sIm-≠mWv Ch-cn-ßs\ Nn∂n-Nn-

Xdn ImWp-∂-Xv. \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-

ta\n ]d™ Imcy-ß-fn-sem∂pw

eh-teiw hnizm-k-an√ F∂-XmWv

AXn\p Imc-Ww. A√m-lp-hns‚

ktμiw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ch¿

B{K-ln-°p-∂n-√. \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-

\nsb Atß-b‰w kvt\ln-°p∂

hy‡nsb I≠n´ v A√mlp

hmKvZØ akolv F∂pw

hmKvZØ alvZn-sb-∂p-ap-ff _lp-

aXn \evInb hy‡n ]d-bp∂

Imcy-ßƒ tIƒ°m≥ Ch¿ B{K-

ln-°p-∂n-√. A√mlp Ab® Cu

alm-flm -hns‚ Imcy -ßƒ

tIƒ°m-Øn -S -tØmfw At± -

lsØ ]cn-l-kn-°p-∂Xv \ndp-

Øm-Øn-S-tØmfw C∂p-Im-Wp∂

Ipg-∏-ßfpw Ie-l-ßfpw c-W-Iq-

S -Øn-t‚bpw s]mXp -P -\-ß-fp -

tSbpw A{I-a-ßfpw s]mXp-P-\-

ß-fpsS cmPy-t{Zml \S-]-Sn-Ifpw

Pnlm-Zns‚ t]cn¬ apkveowIƒ

]c-kv]cw t]mc-Sn®v acn-°p-∂Xpw

Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bn-√.

DΩØv AYhm kap-Zmbw Akz-

ÿ-cm-Wv. ]t£, \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb

]fin-X-∑m-cpsS XvhIƒ b∂v

Xß-fpsS Akz-ÿ-X-Iƒ {]I-Sn-

∏n-°m≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bp-∂n-√.

As√-¶n¬ {]ISn -∏n -t°-≠-Xp-

t]mse {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. As√-

¶n¬ Zo\n-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ H´pw {i≤-

bn -√msX ùXn-I-Im-cy -ß-fn¬

Ah¿ apgp-In-bn-cn -°p-I-bm-Wv.

A√m-lp-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ hne-

]n -°p -∂-hcpw Hcp -]m -Sp -≠v .

Zo\ns‚ Po¿Wn® Ahÿ I≠v

Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hns‚ apºn¬

Ip\n™v GsX-¶nepw ]cn -

jv°¿Øm-hns\, alvZn-sb, ako-

lns\ Ab®p Xtc-Wta F∂v

Ah¿ {]m¿Yn-°p-∂p. Ct∂°v 150

h¿jw aptºbpw AØ-c-°m-cp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ckveman\v \jvSw

kw` -hn -°p -∂Xp I≠n´ v ,

Ckvemans\ B{I-an -°p -∂Xv

I≠n´v Ah-cpsS lrZbw Akz-

ÿ-am-bncp∂p. Ckveman-s\-Xnsc

D∂-bn-°p∂ Bt£-]-ßƒ°v

adp-]Sn \evIm≥ km[n-°msX

hcp-tºmƒ h√m-sØmcp Ah-ÿ-

bmWv Ah-cp-tS-Xv.

hgn-tISn-em°p∂ ]fin-X-∑m¿Ah¿ De-am-°-fpsS ASpØp

t]mIp-∂p. Xß-fpsS Itk-c-Iƒ

Dd-∏n®p \ndp-Øm-\m-{K-ln-°p∂

\ma-[m-cn -I-fmb De-am-°-fpsS

ASp-ØmWv Ah¿ sN√p-∂-Xv.

Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS anº-dp-Isf

Ipdn-®mWv Nn¥. an≠m-Xn-cp-∂p-

sIm-f-fm≥ B De-am-°ƒ Ahsc

D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. AXn-sem∂pw

{i≤n-t°≠ Bh-iy-an -s√∂pw

Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p.- a-‰p-f-f-h-sc-°p-

dn®v Nn¥n-t°-s≠∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.

_p≤n-]-c-amb henb Imcy-ß-

fmWv Xßƒ P\-ß-tfmSp ]d-bp-

∂-sX-∂mWv De-am-°ƒ Icp-Xp-∂-

Xv. kz¥w aXw Dt]-£n-t°-≠,a‰p-f-f-h-cpsS aXsØ tXm≠p-Ibpw th≠ F∂-XmWv Ah-

cpsS \bw. sXfn-hp-I-fn-√msX

kz¥w aX-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n-ev°m≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. a‰p-ff aX-ß-fpsS

\nP-ÿnXn ]dbm-sXbpw kz¥w

aX-Øns‚ khn-tij KpW-ßƒ

a\- n -em -°m -sXbpw {]t_m-

[\ZuXyw Fß-s\- \n¿h-ln-

°m≥ Ign-bpw? kz¥w aXw Dt]-

£n-t°-≠, a‰p-f-f-h-cpsS aXsØ

tXm≠p-Ibpw th≠ F∂ \bw

A]-e-]-\o-b-am-Wv. sXfn-thm-Sp-

IqSn kwkm-cn-°-Ww. {]t_m-[\w

F∂p ]d-bp∂Xv Hcp kXy-hn-izm-

knbpsS \n¿_‘ IS-a-bm-Wv.

kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ Fß-s\-

sb-¶nepw \ne-\n-dp-Ø-W-sa-∂- Nn-

¥m-K-Xn-°m-cmb De-am-°fpsS hnh-

c-an-√m-bva-bmWv Ah-cpsS \bw.

Ckveman\p tkh\w sNø-W-

sa∂ Dt±-iy-sam∂pw Ah¿°n-√.

henb CkvemanI tkh\w F∂

\ne-bn¬ Ah¿°p ]d-bm-\p-≈-Xv

aX-]-cn-Xym-Knsb "sIm√pI'F∂-

XmWv! AXn-\m-sW-¶n¬ Ckvemap-

am-bn´v Hcp _‘-hp-an-√. As√-

¶n¬ \_n-\nμ F∂ t]cn¬ sa\-

s™-SpØ Imcy -ßƒsIm≠v

temIØv Acm-P-IXzw krjvSn-

°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. kz¥w anº-dp-

Iƒ ImØp kwc-£n-°m-\m-Wv

AXpw Ah¿ sNøp-∂-Xv. Xß-

fpsS kzm[o\w \ne-\n-dp-Øm\pw

AWn-Isf ]nSn®p \ndp-Øm-\p-

amWv Ah¿ Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xv.

As√-¶n¬ {]hm-N-IXz ]cn-k-am-

]vXn-bpsS t]cn¬ Xß-fpsS I-

tkc Dd-∏n-°m-\m-Wv. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ {]hm-N-I-Xz-]-cn-k-am-]vXn-

sb-°p-dn-®p-ff D∂-Xhpw icn-bm-

b-Xp-amb Xncn-®-dnhv h BJ-co\an≥lpw eΩm-b¬l-Jq-_nlnwA\p-k-cn® v BK-X -\m -Ip∂

alvZnbpw ako-lp-amWv \evtI-≠-

Xv. F¥m-bmepw k¬{]-Ir -X-

°mcpw A√m-lp-hns‚ k∂n-[n-

bn¬ Akz-ÿ-cmbn hne-]n-°p-∂-

hcpw Df-fn-S-tØmfw A√m-lp-

hns‚ A\p-{Klw h¿jn-®p-sIm-

t≠-bn-cn-°pw. k¬{]-Ir-X-°m¿

Ckvemans‚ ]p\-cp-Zbw D≠m-Ip-

∂n-√t√m Ft∂m¿Øv- Akzÿ-cm-

b -t∏mƒ Ah¿°v A√mlp

k∑m¿Kw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zns‚

km∂n[yw ChnsS D≠m-bn. Hcp

tbm≤m-hn-s\-t∏mse B alm-

flmhv i{Xp-°ƒ°v hmb-S-∏≥ adp-

]Sn \evIn.

Jnem-^Øv hyh-ÿnXn]n∂oSp Jnem -^Øv hyh-

ÿnXn \ne-hn¬ h∂p. k¬{]-Ir-

X-°m¿°v A√mlp t\¿am¿Kw

ImWn -® v -sIm -Sp -Øp. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zn(A)s‚ kXyX

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ IpSn-bn-cp-

Øn. Hcp-]mSp am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS

A√mlp t\¿am¿Kw ImWn-°p-

∂p. AXp s\©-I-ßƒ Xpd-°p-

∂p. -A-h¿°v lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zn(A)s‚ kXy-X-bn¬ ZrV-

hn-izmkw D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ah¿ B


alm-flm-hns‚ _bvAØn¬ `mK-

`m -°m-Ip -∂p. ]t£, Ct∏mƒ

Rm≥ Htc-sbmcp am¿K-sØ-°p-dn-

®mWv ]d-bm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv. B

am¿Kw aptJ-\bpw A√mlp a\p-

jy¿°v k∑m¿Kw \evIp -∂p.

Ct∏mgpw \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

AXmWv kz]v\-am¿Kw. a\p-jys‚

Nn¥-bvs°m∂pw Hcp kzm[o-\hpw

C√mØ am¿K-am-Wn-Xv. Xm≥I≠

kz]v\sØ hniz-kn-°msX Hcp

\n¿hm-l-h-pan-√ F∂ -ÿn-Xn-bn¬

a\p-jy≥ FØn-t®-cp-∂p. Nne

DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ Rm≥ ]d-bmw.

BZyw lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zn(A)s‚ ImesØ Nne DZm-l-c-

W-ßƒ tIƒ°p-I.

A√mlp t\cn´v hgn-Im-´p∂plZvdØv tUmIvS¿ apl-ΩZv

A_vZp -√mlv kmln-_v( -d) -] -d -

bp∂p: ""F\n°v A∂v ]Xn-s\t´m

]sØm-ºtXm hb- m-bn-cp-∂p.

1903 Unkw-_-dn¬ Rm≥ kz]v\-

Øn¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zn(A)s\ kμ¿in-®p. AXn-\p-

aptº Rms\m-cn-°epw lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zn(A)s\ I≠n-cp-

∂n-√. Xm¶ƒ BcpsS injy-\m-

sW∂v lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(A)Ft∂mSp tNmZn-®p. P\m_v

apl-ΩZv dkq-ep-√m-bpsS injy-\m-

sW∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p. AXn-\p-

tijw F\n°p bmZr-—n-I-ambn

Bbn-\sb Iam-emsØ Ckvemw,Xn¿bm-Jp¬ Jpeq_v F∂o {KŸ-

ßƒ hmbn-°m≥ Ah-kcw Inń.

AXp hmbn-®-t∏mƒ AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øn-te°v Fs‚ {i≤ Xncn-

™p. 1906-˛¬ Rm≥ CkvXn-Jm-d-˛-

i-cnbpw sX‰pw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-

Xn-\p-f-f-˛-{]m¿Y\ \S-Øn. tKmP-

d-Pn-√-bnse embn¬]p-cn-bn-em-bn-

cp∂p F\n°p tPmen. kp_vln-

\-a-kvIm-c-Øn\p tijw Pm{K -

Z¿i-\-Øn¬(-I-iv^n¬) tKmWn-∏-

Sn-Iƒ ImWn-°-s∏-´p. Hmtcm ]Sn-

bnepw t_m¿Uv sh®n-cp-∂p. Ah-

km-\sØ ]Sn -bpsS CSbv°v

sNa∂ Xd-bn¬ (A-Xns‚ ]›m-

Øew sNa-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p)shff

A£-c-Øn¬ Hcp t_m¿Uv I≠p.

AXn¬ henb A£-c -Øn¬

an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm\n

akolv auDu-Zv, alvZnsb aAvlqZv

Fs∂gp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. 1907- sk]v‰w-

_-dn¬ knbm¬t°m´p Pn√-bnse

"dAv-b-'F∂ ÿeØv mcym ]nXm-

hns\ ImWm≥ Rm≥ t]mbn.

At±lw Icw- ]n-cn-°p∂ DtZym-K-

ÿ-\m-bn-cp-∂p. tUmIvS¿ kønZv

A_vZp - -Øm¿ imlv kmln-

_ns\ I≠p. At±lw dAvb

Bip-]{Xnbnse C≥Nm¿Pm-bn-cp-

∂p. At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w Rm≥

JmZn-bm-\n¬t]m-bn. kplv¿ \a-

kvImc ka-bØv lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zn(A)s\ kμ¿in-®p. 1903-

˛¬ Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠

AtX apJm-Ir-Xn-bpw hkv{X-Øn-

ep-am-bn-cp∂p AhnsS lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zn(A)s\ Z¿in®-Xv.''

lZ vdØv dlvaØp-√mlv

kmln_v AlvaZn, s]≥j-W¿ ]d-

bp∂p: ""lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(A)Ipd®p\mƒ ep[n-bm-\-bn¬

Xma-kn-®ncp∂p. ]Xn-t\tgm ]Xn-

s\t´m hb pff hnZym¿Ynbm-bn-

cp-∂p A∂v Rm≥. lZvd-Øns‚

k∂n-[n-bn¬ CS-bv°nsS Rm≥

hcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvd-Øns‚

apJ-I-a-e-Øn¬\n∂v {]Imi Inc-

W-ßƒ C‰n-‰p-ho-gp-∂Xv Rm≥

I≠p. B apJ-I-aew If-f-hm-Zn-

bp-tS-X-s√∂v Fs‚ a\ v hnfn®p

]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,

aue-hn-am-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ Fs∂

kwi-b-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sp -Øn. Cu

Ah-k-c -Øn -emWv apl-ΩZp

lpkbv≥ _´m-e-hn-bp-am-bp-ff

kwhmZw ep[n-bm-\-bn¬ \S-°p-∂-

Xv. AXn¬ Rm\pw ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-

∂p. AXn -\p -tijw A√mlp

Fs‚ lnZm-b-Øn-\mbn˛k-∑m¿K-

Øn-\mbn lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zn(A)s‚ {KŸ-amb Ckm-esbHulmw F\n-s°-Øn-®p. AXv

Znhy-tPym-Xn- p-Iƒ \nd-™-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p. Nne cm{Xn-I-fn¬ Rm≥ Dd-

ßm-Xn-cp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn-\-dnbmw;

{KŸ-Øn-\p-ta¬ Xe-h®v H∂p

ab-ßn-sb-¶n-em-bn. Rm≥ {KŸw

hmbn-°p-Ibpw H∏w Ic-bp-I-bp-

am-bn-cp-∂p. A√m-lpth! CsX-

¥mWv Imcyw? Rm≥ a\- n¬

tNmZn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. aue-hn-am¿

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ Dt]-£n®p If-bp-∂Xv?

kvt\l-Øns‚ Pzme B ka-b-

ß-fn¬ Fs‚ a\- n¬ h¿[n-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv A√mlp Adn-bp-

∂p. Rm≥ auehn dioZv AlvaZvkmln_v KwtKm-lnbv°v IsØ-

gp-Xn. "lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v

Cukm-\-_n(A)-bpsS acWw

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse 30 hN\-

ßƒsIm≠v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. Aßv

Zb-hp-sNbvXv Cukm-\-_n(-A)-Po-

hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-\p-ff Jp¿-

B-\n-tebpw lZo-Yp-I-fn-tebpw

sXfn-hp-Iƒ FgpXn F\n-°-b®p

X∂m-epw. A{]-Imcw Xs∂

an¿km kmln_v Cukm-\-_n-

bpsS acWw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v

sXfn-hmbn D≤-cn-°p∂ Jp¿-B-

\nse 30 hN-\-ßƒ Jfin-®p-

sIm≠v FgpXn Adn-bn-®m-epw.

Rm\Xv {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.'

Cukm-\ -_n -bpsS ac -WsØ

kw_-‘n®v an¿km kmln-_n-

t\mSpw A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSpw hmZ-

{]-Xn-hmZw \S-Ø≠ F∂msW

\n°v At±-l-Øns‚ adp -]Sn

h∂Xv. ImcWw Jp¿-B-\nse

an° hN-\-ßfpw Cukm-\-_n-

bpsS ac-W-amWv ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xv.

CXv A`n -{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap -ff

Imcy-am-Wv. "an¿km kmln_v

Fß-s\-bmWv akolv auDuZv

BIp-∂Xv' F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬

kwhmZw \S-Øp-I. At±lw adp-

]-Sn-bn¬ Fgp-Xn, lZvdØv Cukm

( -A) -a -cn -® -Xmbn sXfn -™m¬

an¿km kmln_v kXy-hm-\m-Wv.

ho≠pw F\n°p adp-]Sn h∂p,

"Xm¶-fn¬ an¿km kmln-_ns‚

kzm[o\w D≠m-bn-°-gn-™n-´p-≠v.

Rm≥ ZpB sNømw.' At∏mƒ

Rm≥ At± -l-Øn\v Fgp -Xn ,

"Xm¶ƒ Xm¶ƒ°p-th≠n ZpB -

sNbvXm¬aXn.'


Ah-km\w Rm≥ A√m-lp-

hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ hoWp.

Fs‚ J¬_v shf-f-ambn HgpIn

]pdØp h∂p; Rm≥ A¿ins‚

Imep-Iƒ ]nSn®p Ipep-°n-b-Xp-

t]m-se. Rm≥ bmNn-®p, "A√m-lp-

th, F\n°p th≠Xv \ns‚

Xr]vXn-bm-Wv. F\n-°p-ff F√m

BZ-chpw \n\-°p-th≠n _en-

b¿]n-°m≥ Rm≥ Xøm-dm-Wv. \n\-

°p -th≠n F√m \nμy -Xbpw

kzoI-cn-°m\pw Rm≥ Xøm-dm-Wv.

\o F∂n¬ IcpW sNmcn -

™mepw.' Aßs\ Aev]-Imew

Ign-™-tX-bp-ffp GsXm-cp-hs‚

ssIbn¬ Fs‚ Poh-\n -cn -°p-

∂pthm Ahs\ kXyw sNbvXp-

sIm≠v Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p, 1893

Unk-_¿ 25 Xn¶-fmgvN kp_vln

t\cØv 4 aWnbv°v P\m_v

lZvdØv apl-Ω-Zp-\-_n(-k)sb

ImWm≥ F\n°p `mKyw Inń.

AXns‚ hni-Zo-I-cWw C{]-Im-c-

amWv: t_cn F∂ ÿeØv Cu

km[p Akzv¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v

hpfp(-£m-f-\w) sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Ad_n dkq¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂v Btcm Ft∂mSp ]d-™p.

At±lw C\n Cu cmPy-Øp-Xs∂

Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ tNmZn-

®p, "Fhn-sS-bm-Wp-f-fXv?'At±lw

]d-™p, Cu sS‚p-Iƒ lpZq-¿

(-k)t‚-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ s]s´∂v \a-

kvI -cn® v Ahn -tS°v t]mbn.

lpZq¿( -k) -Ip -d®p kzlm-_m-

°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. A emap Aebv°pw ]d-™-

Xn\ptijw F\n°p ssI \evIn

A\p-{K-ln-®p. Rm≥ AhnsS Ccp-

∂p. lpZq¿(-k)-A-d-_n-bn¬ {]kw-

Kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rms\s‚

Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v Imcy-ßƒ{Kln-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv D¿Zp-hn¬

kwkmcw XpS¿∂p. \_n(-k)-]-d-

™p, "Rm≥ kXy-hm-Zn -bm-Wv.

Fs∂ \ntj-[n-°-cp-Xv.' XpSßn

]e-Xpw. Rm≥ ]d-™p, "bm dkq-

e-√mlv! Rßƒ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. Rßƒ km£yw hln-®n-cn-

°p -∂p. ' B {Kmaw apgp -h≥

apkveow-I-fm -bn -cp -∂p. ]t£,

Bcpw ASpØv h∂n√. A√m-

lpth! CsX-¥mWv kw`hw?

Rm≥ AZv`p-X-s∏-´p. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ C∂v apkveowIƒ Bfl-k-

a¿]Ww sNtø≠ Znh-k-am-bn-cp-

∂p; \_n( -k)-Xn -cp -ta -\n -bpsS

BZy-Im-e-L-´-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se.

lpZq¿(-k) Cu cmPyØp Xma-kn-

°p-sa∂v Fs∂ Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂p.

]t£, \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta\n bm{X

]pd-s∏-Sm≥ \n¿tZiw \evIn.

Rm≥ bm{Xm-hm-l\w XS-™p-

sIm≠v lpZq-dn -t\mSv tNZn-®p,

lpZq¿ bm{X ]pd-∏-Sp-I-bm-W-t√m.

C\n F\n-s°-ß-s\-bmWv Aß

sb ImWm≥ Ign-bpI? Fs‚

tXmfn¬ lpZq¿(-k)-Xs‚ ]cn-

ip≤ ssI sh®p-sIm≠v ]d-™p,

"]cn-{àw th≠, Rm≥ kzbw

\ns∂ h∂p ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv.'

lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v Ad_n

dkq-em-sW∂v F\n°v {]h¿Øn-

bn-eqsS \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta\n a\- n-

em-°n-Ø-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-\m-Ip∂p

k¿h kvXpXn-bpw. Rm≥ _bv-

AØv sNbvXp-sIm≠v an¿km

kmln-_n\v IsØ-gp -Xn. 1898

Unkw-_¿ 27 sNmΔmgv® JmZn-bm-

\n¬h∂v aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-c -

Øn\p tijw t\cn´v _bv-AØv

sNøm\pw `mKyw Inń. A√m-lp-

hns‚ A\p - {Klw F\n°p

ssÿcyw \evIn. Hcp

FXn¿∏n\pw kXy-Øn¬\n∂v

Fs∂ ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™n-

√. CsX√mw CS-bv°nsS F\n°p

e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ lpZqdns‚

k¬kw-K -Øns‚ ê-sam∂p

am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ssIIƒ°v

lpZq-dns‚ ssI \nd-®p]nSn°m≥

Ign-™-Xn¬ A`n-am-\-ap-≠v. _bv-

AØv ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ

]e Xc-Øn-ep-ff hn]-Øp-Ifpw

F\n°p t\cn -tS≠n h∂p.

F∂m¬, A√mlp Fs∂ ImØp-

c-£n-®p-sh∂p am{X-a-√, B \jvS-

ß-sf-°m-f-[nIw ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-

ßƒ \evIn Ah≥ Fs∂ A\p-

{K-ln-®p. Fs‚ ]nXmhpw ktlm-

Z -c\pw ASpØ _‘p-°fpw

AlvaZn-I-fm-bn.''

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv tXSpItibvJv AkvK¿ Aen

kmln_v ]d-bp∂p: ""lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(A) ]d-bm-dp-

≠m-bn-cp -∂p, X_veoKv sNøp-

tºmƒ P\-ß-tfmSv C{]-Imcw ]d-

bp-∂Xv Hcp-]mSv ê-{]-Z-am-Wv.

Cim-\-a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p-tijw Dd-

ßp-∂-Xn\p aptº hpfp-sNbvXv

c≠v dIv-AØv \^v¬ \a-kvI-cn-

°p-I. AXn¬ Cßs\ {]m¿Yn-°p-

I, "Rß-fpsS bP-am-\-\mb A√m-

lpth! Cu Pam-AØv kXy-am-

sW-¶n¬ Rß-fn¬ kXyw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-epw.'

Rm≥ Ing-°≥ B{^n-°-

bn¬ 1900-˛¬ tPmen-°p-t]m-Ip-

tºmƒ Fs‚ Hcp ]g -b -kp -

lrØpw kdmsb Bew-Ko-¿ F∂

ÿe-°m-c-\p-amb t\Iv apl-ΩZp

kmln-_n-t\bpw IqsS°qń. At±-

lsØ X_veoKv sNbvXp-sIm≠v

Rm≥ Cu Ipdn-∏Sn ]d-™p-sIm-

Sp-Øp. At±lw AX-\p-k-cn®v

{]h¿Øn-®p. A√mlp At±-l-

Øn\v kz]v\-Øn¬ Xmsg hnh-cn-

°p∂ Zriyw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.

At±lw Xs‚ \mSmb kdmsb

Bew-Ko-dnse hoń-em-Wp-f-f-Xv.

At± -l-Øns‚ ]tc -X -\mb

]nXmhpw IqsS-bp-≠v. At±lw

\nev°p∂ hoSv {]Im-i-am-\-am-bn.

BIm-iØv \n∂v {]Im-i-Øns‚

Hcp Xnc-ame Ae-b-Sn®p hcp-∂-

Xmbn At±lw ImWp-∂p-≠v. AXv

hoSns‚ Dƒ`mKw apgp-h≥ {]Im-

i-am -\ -am -°n -Øo¿Øp. £W-

Øn¬ Hcp ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv {]Xy-

£-s∏-´p. t\Iv apl-ΩZv kmln-

_ns‚ ]nXmhv Xs‚ aI-t\mSp ]d-

™p, "Ct±lw Camw alvZn-bm-Wv.'

]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw lpZq-dns\

I≠p. at\m-l-c-amb B Zriyw-

I≠v At±lw DW¿∂p. t\cw

shfp -Ø-t∏mƒ At±lw

A°mcyw Ft∂mSp ]d-™p.

_bv -AØv sNbvX v IsØ-gp -

tijw t]Pv 23 ¬


PqX-∑m¿°pw {InkvXym -\n -

Iƒ°pw apkvenwIƒ°pw s]mXp

Xm¬]-cy-ap-≈Xpw aX-]-c-ambn

{]m[m-\y-ap -≈- al-Ømb Hcp

Ncn{X kw`-h-Øns‚ hnh-cWw

\mw ChnsS \¬Ip-hm-\m-cw-`n-°p-

I-bm-Wv. AXv tamk-kn(-A)-s‚

]pd-∏m-Sp(Exodus)* ambn _‘-s∏-

´-Xm-Wv. ss\¬\ZnbpsS A]-I-S-

I-c-amb sU¬‰m {]tZiw tamk-

kpw( -A) At±-l-Øns‚ P\-

Xbpw kpc-£n-X-ambn apdn®p IS-

∂-t∏mƒ At±-lsØ ]n¥p-S¿∂

^tdm -h -bpsS ssk\y -Øn\v

F¥mWv kw`-hn -® -X v F∂pw

ChnsS {]Xn]mZn°p∂p.

ss__nƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-epw

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn-epw hnip≤

Jp¿-B-\nepw PqX ss{IkvXh

Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Htc -Im-eØv \S∂

\nc-h[n Ncn{X kw`-h-ßƒ hnh-

cn-®n-´p-≠v. ]t£, Ct∏m-gsØ

N¿®-°mbn \mw hfsc {i≤m-

]q¿hw Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv ]pd-∏m-

SmWv. ImcWw AXv {lkz-cq-]-

Øn¬ Jp¿-B-\nI shfn-]m-Sp-I-

fpsS Znhy {]IrXn Xpd∂p Im´p-

∂p.ss__nƒ AXns‚ ka-Im-

eo\ Ncn{Xw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-sh-

¶nepw Ah Xmc-X-tay\ {]I-S-

ambpw Bgw Ipd-™-hbpw D]-

cn-X-esØ am{Xw kv]¿in-°p-∂-

Xp-am-Wv. ss__nƒ Cu kw`hw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv, tamk-kns‚

Xmh-f-Ønse Hcp A\p-bm-bn-

bpsS \nco-£W tImWn¬ \n∂p

sIm≠m-Wv. ^tdm-hbpw At±-l-

Øns‚ ssk\yhpw ]¿hX-k-am-

\-amb c≠v Pe-X-cw-K-ßƒ°n-S-

bn¬ s]´v apßnb kw`hw tamk-

kns‚ Cu Iymºn¬ sh®v

t\m°n ]m¿Øv sIm≠mWv an°-

hmdpw B kw`hw ss__nƒ

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. ^tdmh apßp-

∂-Xn\v aptº Abmƒ°v F¥v

kw`-hn®p? tdmh apßp∂ \nan-

j-Øn¬ ssZh-tØmSv ^tdmh

Fs¥-¶nepw bmNn-®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬

AsX¥v? Cu kwK-Xn-I-sf√mw

Xs∂ Ic-bn¬ \n∂v kw`hw

t\m°n-°m-Wp∂ Hcp \nco-£-

Is‚ \nco-£W ]cn-[n-°-∏p-d-

Øp≈ Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. Bb-Xn-

\m¬ ^tdm-hbpw At±-l-Øns‚

ssk\y-Ønse Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw

Bcpw Xs∂ Ah-ti-jn-°mØ

hn[w apßn -t∏m -bn -sb-∂mWv

ss__nƒ {]Xn-]m-Z-\w.

‘C{k-tb¬°msc ]n¥p-S¿∂

cY-ß-tfbpw IpXn-c-∏-S-tbbpw

^d-thms‚ apgp-h≥ ssk\y-

tØbpw sh≈w h∂p aqSn. Hcp-

Ø\pw tijn -®n -√. sh≈w

CSXpw heXpw aXn¬ t]mse

Db¿∂p \n∂n-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ C{km-

tb¬ P\w kap - {Z -Øn -eqsS

IS∂p t]mbn'. (]p-d-∏m-Sv, 14:28,

29)

Cu ss__nƒ {]kvXm-h\

{]Imcw hy‡-ambpw F√m-hcpw

kap-{Z-Øn¬ apßn acn-®n-cp-∂p.

^tdm-hbpw CXn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-

ń-√. ssk\y-Øns‚ ]cm-Pbw

]q¿W-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu {]kvXm-h-

\°v hncp-≤-am-b-XmWv CtX kw`-

h-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Jp¿-Bs‚ hnh-

c-Ww. hyXymkw hfsc hy‡-am-

Wv.

‘\mw C{km-tb¬ k¥-Xn-

Isf kap{Zw ISØn hn´p .

At∏mƒ ^n¿-Hu\pw Ahs‚

ssk\y-ßfpw A{I-a-]-c-ambpw

hntZz-j-]-c-ambpw Ahsc ]n¥p-

S¿∂p. HSp-hn¬ apßp-∂(-hn-]-

Øv) Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-t∏mƒ

Ah≥ ]d™p: ‘_\q-C-kvdm-

bo¬ hniz-kn-®n-´p≈ ssZh-a-

√msX as‰mcp ssZh-hp-an-s√∂v

Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ (B

ssZhsØ) A\pkcn°p∂

hcn¬s∏´-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.’F¥v! Ct∏mtgm? (CXn\v)

aptº \o [n°-cn-®n-cp-∂p. \o Ipg-

^tdmh:

^tdmh AYhm ^n¿Hus‚ PohnXm¥ysØ kw_‘n®v ss__nƒ

IYbn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXambn Jp¿B≥ shfns∏SpØp∂ hkvXpX

IfmWv Ncn{XkXyßfpambn tbmPn°p∂Xv.

*]pd-∏mSv(Exodus): C{km-tb¬ P\w

tamk-kns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ CuPn-]vjy≥ ASn-a-Øz-Øn¬ \n∂v tamNn-∏n-°-s∏´v ]e-kvXo≥ tZi-tØ°v ]em-b\w sNbvX kw`-h-amWv ]pd-∏mSv.ss__n-fn¬ Cu kw`hw hnhcn°p∂A≤ymbØns‚ t]cpw ]pd∏mSvF∂mWv.(-hn-h:)

lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv (dlv)

hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ shfns∏SpØ¬


∏-°m-cn¬s∏-´-h-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

AXn-\m¬ \ns‚ ico-csØ

(am-{Xw) \mw C∂v c£-s∏-Sp-

Øpw. \ns‚ ]nd-sI-bp-≈-h¿°v

\o Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-am-bn-cn-°m≥

th≠n. Xo¿®-bmbpw a\p-jy-cn¬

A[nI t]cpw \ΩpsS ZrjvSm-¥-

ßsf Ipdn®v A{i-≤-cmWv.’(10:

91,93)Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu {]kvXm-h-\°v

hncp-≤-ambn ^tdm-h-bpsS ico-c-

Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏ns‚ km[y-X-

sb-∏‰n bmsXmcp kqN-\bpw

ss__n-fn¬ ImWp-∂n-√. Ah-

cn¬ s∏´ Hcmfpw Xs∂ Ah-ti-

jn-®n√ F∂mWv ss__nƒ ]cm-

a¿iw. tdm-h-bpsS ico-cw, mhn

Xe-ap-d°v Hcp ZrjvSm¥w F∂

\ne-bn¬ kwc-£n-°p-sa∂v Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv hsc, a\p-jy-s\-

gp-Xnb Ncn-{X-Øn-sem∂pw Xs∂

Hcn-°epw AXv kw_-‘n®v Hcp

]cm-a¿ihp-ap-≠m-bn-ń-√.

Jp¿-B≥ Cu kw`hw shfn-

s∏-SpØp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ acp-

`q-an-bpsS AKm-[-X-I-fn¬ ASp-°p-

Iƒ°v aosX ASp-°p-I-fmbn

CuPn-]vjy≥ cmPm-°≥am-cpsS

arX-i-co-c-ßƒ Ipgn®p aqS-s∏´p

InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B Ime-L-

´-Øn¬ arX-i-cocw aΩn-bm-°p∂

imkv{XsØ kw_-‘n®v

Npcp°w NneXv am{Xta P\-ßƒ

Adn-™n-cp-∂p-≈q. Ad-_n-Iƒ°v

Xo¿®-bmbpw AXns\ ]‰n Adn-

bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. aX-]-ctam A√m-

ØtXm Bb Hcp ]pkvX -I -

Øntem Hcp ]mc-º-cy-Øntem

^tdm-h-bpsS ico-csØ c£-s∏-

Sp -Ønb hnhcw ]cm-a¿in-°p-

Itbm AXn\p tijw AXv kwc-

£n-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-Itbm sNbvXn-

ń-√. Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu ]cm-a¿iw

Cu c≠v A¿Y-Ønepw AXp-ey-

am -Wv . Fs¥-∂m¬ ]pdw

temIØn\v CXv hsc Adn-bm≥

Ign-™n-ń-√mØ `qX-Ime kw`-h-

ßƒ shfn-]m-Sn-eqsS Jp¿-B≥

Adn-bn-°pI am{X-a-√, `mhn-bn¬

Jp¿-B-\nI {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS

kXyX sXfn-bn-°p-sa∂v {]h-Nn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ss__nƒ

hnh-cn® kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ^tdm-

h-bpsS icocw apßpI F∂Xv

Akw-`m-hy-am-sW∂v Icp-Xm≥

\ymb-ap-≠v. apßn-bm¬ Xs∂

hos≠-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Aßs\

Hcp icocw sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂v

hos≠-Sp-Øm¬ AXns\ aΩn-bm-

°p -hm≥ \n m-c -a -√mØ ]e

{]iv\-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

F∂n´pw Jp¿-Bs‚ Ah-Im-

i-hmZw tdm-h-bpsS icocw kwc-

£n-°p-sa-∂mWv. Jp¿-B≥ Ah-

X-cn-°p∂ ImeØv e`y-am-bn-cp∂

Ncn-{X-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒs°-

Xnsc CØcw Hcp {]kvXm-h\

\¬IpI F∂Xv Hcp a\p-jy\pw

kz]v\w ImWm≥ t]mepw Ign-

bmØ Imcy-am-Wv. Bfp-Iƒs°-

√ma -dn -bp -∂-X v , ^tdm -h -bpsS

icocw IS¬ hngpßn Fs∂-t∂-

°p-ambn \jvS-s∏-´p-sh∂v am{X-am-

bn-cp-∂p. CuPn-]vXnse ih-Ip-Soc

tamjvSm-°ƒ°v t]mepw cmPm-

°≥am-cpsS Xmgvhc-bn¬*ad-am-

Snb ih-Ip-So-c-ß-fn-te-sX-¶n-ep-

sam-∂n¬ ^tdm-h-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂

hnNmcw t]mep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ {]hm-N-I-

\mWv Jp¿-Bs‚ I¿Øm-sh-

¶n¬, CØ-c-Øn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-

amb Hcp {]kvXm-h\ \S-Øp-

hm≥ At± -l-Øn\v Fßs\

km[y-am-bn. Cu {]kvXm-h\ A-

t±-lØn\v Hcp hn[-Ønepw klm-

bIcamb Hcp {]kvXmh\bpam

bncp∂n√.

adn®v Cu {]-kvXm-h\ FXn-c-

`n-{]m-b-ap-≠m-°p-I-bmWv sNøpI.

{]hm-N-Is‚ {]kvXm-h\ sh√p-

h n - f n -° -s∏ - S p -I -bm - sW -¶ n¬

At±lw D∂-bn® X¿°-Øn-\-\p-

Iq-e-ambn bmsXmcp sXfnhpw

sIm≠p hcm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-

bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Htcsbmcp hgn

Jp¿-Bs‚ kXy-hpambn cmPn-bm-

hpI F∂Xv am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. Jp¿-

B≥ shfn-s∏´p Ign™v \nc-h[n

\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-™-Xn\p tij-

am-Wv `qan ^n¿-Hus‚ cl-ky-Øn-

te°v shfn®w hoin-b-Xv. tamk-

kv(-A)s‚ ImeØv hmWn-cp∂p

F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ F√m ^tdm-

hm cmPIpSpw_mwKßfp-tSbpw

aΩn ss^ sNbvX arX-tZ-l-ßƒ

hos≠-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

tamk-kv( -A)s‚ ^tdmh

cwkokv c≠m-a-\mtWm AX√ a‰m-

sc-¶n-ep-amtWm F∂ hnhmZw

Ct∏mgpw XpS-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ cmPm-°≥am-cpsS Xmgvhc-

bn¬ \n∂v Is≠-Sp-°-s∏´ aΩn-

I-fn -sem∂v tamkkp(A)ambn

G‰p -ap -ńb ^tdm -h-bm -sW∂

Imcyw Ct∏mƒ X¿°-a-‰-Xm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v Hcmƒ°v \ncq-]n-s®-

Sp-°m-hp∂ Htc-sbmcp \nK-a\w

apgp-temI Ncn-{Xhpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-

Ønb hn[n-Xo¿∏ns\-Xn-cmb Jp¿-

Bs‚ hn[n-Xo¿∏v am{X-am-Wv icn

F∂m-Wv. ‘AXn-\m¬ \ns‚ ico-

csØ am{Xw \mw C∂v c£-s∏-Sp-

Øpw.’CXm-bn-cp∂p Jp¿-Bs‚

hn[n {]kvXm -hw. B hn[n

*cmPm-°≥am-cpsS Xmgvhc (Valley of Kings): CuPn-]vXnse ss\¬\-Zn-bpsS]Sn-™m-sd-°-c-bn¬ Xo_vkv \K-c-Øn-\cnsI an° ^tdm-hamtcbpw AS°wsNbvXncp∂ CSp-ßnb Xmgvhc-bmWv ‘cmPm-°≥am-cpsS Xmgvhc’ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. 60 cmP-Iob ih-Ip-So-c-ßfpw aΩn-I-fp-amWv ChnsS \n∂v Is≠-Sp- Ø-Xv.1817¬ C‰m-en-b≥ ]pcm-hkvXp ]cy-th-£-I-\mb Pn.-_n. s_≥tkm-Wn-bmWv BZy-ambn skXn- ^-tdm-h(Sethi Pharaoh)-bpsS aΩn ChnsS \n∂v Is≠-Øn-b-Xv.Xmgvhc-bnse ih-Ip-So-c-ß-fn¬ kq£n-®n-cp∂ mcn® kz¿Whpw a‰p hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈ hkvXp-°fpw \nc-¥cw I≈≥am-cpsS Ih¿®°v hnt[-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.F∂n´pw 1881 ¬ Xo_vknse sZbvd-˛¬ _lm-cn-bn¬ \n∂v \m¬∏Xv aΩn-I-fpsSIq -Øn¬ tamkkns‚ ImesØ tdmhbmb cwkokv c≠m-as‚ aΩn Is≠-SpØn. _n.-kn. Bbn-cm-am-≠n¬ Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X-\mWv tdm-h-am-cpsS F√m aΩn-Ifpw Hcp-an®p Iqń cmPm-°≥am-cpsS Xmgvhc F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ChnsS ad-am-Sn-bXv F∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.(-hnh:)


{]kvXm -h -amWv C∂v Ncn{X -

Øns‚ hn[n {]kvXm -h-ambn

h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

^tdm -h -tbm -Sp≈ ssZh-

Øns‚ Cu A`n-kw-t_m-[-\-bpsS

km[y-amb Hcp A¿Yw CXm-Wv:

AXm-bXv At±-l-Øn\v c£-s∏-

Sm-\p≈ kabw Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬, At±-l-Øns‚ arX-i-

cocw c£n -°-s∏ -Sp -∂-Xm -Wv .

as‰mcp km[y-amb A¿Yw CXm-

Wv: At±-l-Øns‚ hnizmkw

kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sm-\p≈ kabw

Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

At±-l-Øns‚ Bflmhv c£n-°-

s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. ChnsS tdmhbpsS

icocw Poh-—-hw (-Zombie ˛-N-en-

°p∂ arX -i -co -cw) t]mse

Bflmhv \jvS-s∏´ \ne-bn¬,

Pohn-°p-hm-\mbn am{Xw icocw

c£n-°-s∏-Spw F∂mWv. \ΩpsS

A`n-{]m-b-{]-Imcw Jp¿-B≥ Dt±-

in-®Xv c≠m-aXv ]d™ A¿Y-am-

Wv. ^tdm-hsb c£n°pw]t£,

Bflo-bX \jvS-s∏´ Ahÿ-bn-

em-bn-cn-°pw. \ΩpsS \nK-a-\-Øn\v

Dt]m-Zv_-e-I-ambn Cu kw`-h-I-Y-

\-Øn¬ Jp¿ B≥ kzoIcn®

ssien D≤cn°mw . Jp¿Bs‚

{]tbmK ssienbpsS {]tXyI

Xm¬]cysa¥msW∂p t\m°mw.

\ns‚ icocsØ am{Xw \mw C∂v

c£s∏SpØpw F∂XmWv B

ssien."\p\÷n° _n _Z\n°'

^tdmh Xm≥ acn®Xn\v tijw

Xs‚ arX-i-cocw c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Xn-t\-°mƒ ChnsS `qan -bnse

c£-s∏-S-en-s\-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn°pw

DXvI-WvTm-Ip-e-\m-bn-cn-°pI F∂v

hy‡-am -Wv . ^tdm -h -bpsS

Bflob Pohn-Xtam imco-cnI

Pohn-Xtam c£n-°-s∏-ń-ń-√m-bn-cp-

∂p-sh-¶n-¬ ‘\ns‚ ico-csØ

am{Xw C∂v Rm≥ c£-s∏-Sp -

Øpw’ F∂ hmKvZm -\ -Øns‚

A¿Y-sa-¥mWv? ^tdmh Xs‚

arX-i-cocw c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

th≠n Hcn-°epw {]m¿Yn-°n√

F∂Xv hfsc hy‡-am-Wv.

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-hp-

∂Xv t]mse ^n¿-Hus‚ {]m¿Y\

`mKn-I-am-bn-´m-sW-¶n¬ t]mepw

kzoI-cn-s®-¶n¬, At±-l-Øn\v

Bflo-b-ambpw imco-cn-I-ambpw

acn-°pI F∂ {]iv\w D¤-hn-°p-

∂n-√. AXv At±lw {]m¿Y-\-bn-

eqsS bmNn-®-Xns‚ kºq¿W

\ntj-[-Øn\p Xpey-am-Wv. C{km-

tben ssZh-Øn-ep≈ At±-l-

Øns‚ hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]\w At±-

l-Øns‚ Poh-s\-]-‰n-bp≈ `bw

sIm≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. CXv \nc¿Y-I-

am-b-Xn-\m¬ \ymb-ambpw \nc-kn-°-

s∏-ń-cn-°-Ww. hmKvZm-\-an-Xm-Wv

At±-l-Øns‚ icocw am{X-amWv

c£-s∏-Sp-ØpI. Bflm-hn-s\-b√.

F∂m¬, an° apkvenw ]fin-

X≥amcpw ^tdm-h-bpsS A -b-bm-

N\ ssZhw ]q¿W-ambpw \ncm-I-

cn®psh∂mWv i‡-ambpw A`n-{]m-

b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ icocw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ hmKvZm\w arX-

i-cocw IS-en¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-

Øp-sa-∂Xv am{X-am-sW∂v Ah¿

]d-bp-∂p.

ss__nfpw Jp¿-B\pw hnh-

cn-°p∂ kml-N-cy-sa-Sp-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Ahsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw AXv t]mepw sNdp-X-

√mØ Hcp Znhym -¤p -X -am -Wv.

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ arX-i-cocw c£n-

°-s∏Spw F∂ hmKvZm\w apßn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ^tdm-h°v al-

Ømb Hcp B\p-Iqey-am-sW∂v

Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.

^tdmham¿ hfsc Al-¶m-cn-

I-fmb Hcp cmP-hw-i-am-bn-cp∂p

F∂mWv Ah-cpsS hmZw. At±-

l-Øns‚ acW \nan -j-Øn¬

Xs‚ icocw kwc-£n-°-s∏Spw

F∂ shdpw hmKvZm\w t]mepw

At±-l-Øn\p Ipd®v Bizmkw

D≠m-°n-bn-cn -°-Ww. F∂m¬,

ssZh-Øns‚ Dt±iyw At±-l-

Øns‚ s]mß-®sØ am{Xw

Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-

∂n -√. ssZh-Øns‚ bYm¿Y

Dt±iyw `mhn-X-e-ap-d°v ]e-hn-[-

Ønepw {]m[m-\y-ap≈ hºn®

Hcp ZrjvSm¥w \¬IpI F∂-Xm-

Wv . AXn¬ \n∂v Ah¿°v

[mcmfw KpW-]m-T-ßƒ e`y-am-hp-

am-bn-cn°pw F∂mWv `qcn]£w

apkvenw ]finX≥amcpw ]dbp

∂Xv.

ChnsS \mw N¿® sNøp∂

^tdmh, apßn-a-cn-®-Xm-sWt∂m

At±-l-Øns‚ icocw am{X-amWv

c£n-°-∏-´-sXt∂m As√-¶n¬

apßp-tºmƒ Bk-∂-a-c-W-\mbn

cns° At±lw c£-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-

≠m-b-sXt∂m D≈ hnhm-Z-ß-fpsS

A\-¥-c -^-e-ßƒ F¥p-am -bn -

s°m-≈s´ AsXm∂pw Jp¿-Bs‚

Znhym-Zv`p-X-Øn\v bmsXmcp aß-

ep-ta¬∏n°p-∂n-√. Jp¿-B≥ {]h-

Nn -®Xv t]mse ^tdm -h-bpsS

icocw Xo¿®-bmbpw kwc-£n-°-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw B kXyw `mhn-X-e-

ap -d -bpsS Adn -hn\p ap∂n¬

sIm≠p hcn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p.

bmZr -—n -I -sa∂v ]d -bs´,

^tdmh acn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-

Øns‚ icocw kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNbvXpsh∂v hniz-kn-

°p∂ ]fin-X≥am¿, {]kvXpX

^tdmh cwko -kv c≠m-a -s\

(Rameses II) ]n¥p-S¿∂p h∂

sa¿sW-] vX v (Mernepth)

BsW∂pw cwknkv As√-∂p-

amWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. tamk-kv(-A)

*ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv tdm-h-bpsS ssZh- -‡-bmb mcy lZvdØv Bknb_ohn-sbbm-Wv. Jp¿-B-\n¬ Ahsc ]cm-a¿in® c≠n-SØpw Ah-cpsS \maw ]cm-a¿in-®n- n-√. n¿-Hus‚ mcy F∂p am{X-ta-bp-≈q. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v amXr-I-bmbn lZvdØv a¿bw _ohn-tbm-sSm∏w Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ as‰mcp alXnbmWv n¿-Hus‚ mcy. ss__n-fn¬, in-ip-hmb tamk-kns\ \Zn-bn¬ \ns∂-Sp-°p∂Xpw hf¿Øp-∂Xpw tdm-h-bpsS ]p{Xn-bm-bn- mWv hnh-cn-®n- p-≈-Xv, mcy-b-√. (hnh:)*CuPn-]n-Xn¬ tdm-h-bpsS sIm´m-c-Øn¬ hf¿∂ tamkkv X-t±-in-b-\mb HcptIm]v‰p h¿K-°m-cs\ Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn sIme sNbvX-Xn-\m-emWv CuPn]vXv hn vanZv-b≥ tZi-tØ°v t]mb-sX-∂mWv hnizm-kw(-hnh:)


c≠v ^tdm-h-am-cpsS `c-W-Øn\p

Iogn¬ Pohn®p F∂ hkvXpX

CXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. cwkokv

c≠m-a≥ tdmh cmPm-hm-bn-cp-∂-

t∏m-gm-bn-cp∂p tamk-kv(-A) P\n-

°p-∂Xpw cwko-kns‚ sNdp-∏-

°m-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v IcpXs∏-

Sp∂ ssZh- -‡-bmb mcy-am-cn-sem-

cmƒ* At±-lsØ sIm´m-c-Øn-

te°v sIm≠p hcp -∂-Xpw.

Ah¿°v kz¥-ambn Ipń-I-fn-√m-

bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Ipńsb ZsØ-Sp-

°m-\p≈ Ah--cpsS B{Klw a\-

n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cusbmcp

{]tabw AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ tamk-kv(-A) anZvb≥ tZi-

tØ°v t]mIp-Ibpw cwkokv

c≠m-as‚ ac -W-tijw sa¿

sW]vXv A[n -Im -c -ta -s‰ -Sp -Ø-

t∏mƒ CuPn-]vXn-te°v aSßn hcn-

Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xp-≠v. Ah¿ Xß-

fpsS hmZ -Øn\p sXfn -hm -bn -

s°m≠v ss__nƒ D≤-cn-°p-∂p.*AXm-bXv anZ v -b≥ tZisØ

{]hmk PohnX ImeØv \c-th-

´-°m-c-\mb ^tdmh (cwkokv

c≠ma≥) acn -®p -sh∂v ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂v tamk-kn-(-A)\v Adn-

bn-∏p-≠mbn F∂mWv ss__nƒ

]cm-a¿iw.

Cusbmcp hnh-cWw bp‡n-]-

chpw kzoIm -cy -hp -am -sW∂p

tXm∂pw. ]t£, {]Xy-£-Øn¬

am{X-am-W-Xv. Hcp cmPm-hns‚

acWw, Hcmƒ sNbvX Ip‰-Øn¬

\n∂v Abmsf Ip‰ hnap-‡-\m-°p-

∂n -√. F¥p -X -s∂-bm -bmepw

AXn¬ bp‡n-bn-√. GsX-¶nepw

Hcp ^tdm-h-bpsS acWw aqew

tamk-kn(-A)s‚ bw \oßn Inń-

b -Xmbn ssZhw hnZq -c -ambn

t]mepw Hcp kqN-\bpw \¬Ip-

∂n-√. AXn\p ]Icw ^tdm-hsb

kao-]n -°p-∂-Xn¬ `b-∂n-cp∂

tamk-kn(-A)-t\mSpw Al-tdm-t\m-

Spw(-A) b-s∏-Sm-s\m-∂p-an-s√∂pw

tamk-kn-t\bpw ktlm-Z-c-t\bpw

ssZhw c£n-°p-sa-∂p-amWv ]d-b-

s∏-´-Xv. CXmWv IqSp-X¬ _p≤n-

]-c-amb hnh-c-Ww.

{]iv\-an-Xm-Wv, cwkokv c≠m-

as‚ aΩnsb ]‰n-bp≈ ]pcm-

hkvXp imkv{X-{]-Im-c-ap≈ sXfn-

hp-If\p-k-cn®v cwkokv c≠m-a≥

sXmÆqdv hb- ns‚ \nd-hn-em-bn-

cp∂p ac-W-s∏- -Xv. At±-l-Øns‚

Bbp- ns‚ Ah-km\ ap∏Xv

h¿j-ßƒ At±lw iøm-h-ew-_n-

X-\pw, B¿ń-cntbm kvIntdm-kn-kv

(Arteriosclerosis)- F∂ tcmKw

_m[n®v CS¿® ]‰nb ]Sp -

hr≤\pam-bn-cp -∂p. Cu tcmK-

Øns‚ ê-ambn At±-l-Øn\p

apßn acn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ Hc-

hÿ krjSn®ncn-°mw. AXm-bXv

\oń-In-ńb ]n¬°me Pohn-X-

Øn¬ tcmKw aqew At± -l-

Øns‚ akvXn-jv°Øn\v HmIvkn-

Ps‚ e`yX Ipd -™n-cn -°mw.

(apßn acn-°p-∂-h-\pw, s{_bn-

\n¬ HmIvkn-Ps‚ e`yX Ipd-bp-

∂-Xm-Wt√m acW Imc-Ww).

anZvb-\n¬ tamk-kn(-A)s‚

{]hmk PohnXw samØw F´v

apX¬ ]Øv h¿jw hsc-bm-Wv.

{]hmk PohnX Ime-Øns‚

Ah-km\w cwkokv c≠m-a\v

\m¬]Xv apX¬ AºXv hsc hb-

n\p ap-I-fn-em-bn-cn-°m≥ km[y-

X-bn -√. tamk-kn( -A)s\ Hcp

{]hm-N-I≥ F∂ \ne°v CuPn-

]vXn-te-°p≈ aS-°-Øn\v \n¿

tZiw \¬Im≥ ^tdm-h-bpsS

acWw kw` -hn -°p -∂Xv hsc

ssZhw ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂ ss__nƒ {]kvXm-h\

kzoImcy tbmKy-a-√. F∂m¬,

Jp¿-B≥ hnh-cW {]Imcw anZvb-

\n¬ \n∂v aSßn h∂ tamk-

n(A)s\Xnsc, ]≠v CuPn -

]vXn¬ sh®p \S∂ sIme-]m-X-

I-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Ip‰m-tcm-]Ww

\S -Øp∂ ^tdm -h -sb-bmWv

ImWp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, tamk-kv(-

A) ImWn® ssZhn-Im-S-bm-f-ßsf

XpS¿∂v At±-l-Øns‚ ta¬ \S-

]-Sn-I-sf-Sp-°m≥ ^tdmh kwi-

bn®p \n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

tamk-kv( -A) CuPn-]vXn -te°v

Xncn®p h∂Xv Hcp ^tdmh acn®v

as‰mcp ^tdmh A[n-Im-c-ta-s‰-Sp-

Ø-t∏mƒ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw c£-

s∏-Sp-sa-∂p≈ taml-hp-am-bn-´m-bn-

cp-∂n√ F∂Xv hfsc hy‡-am-Wv.

am{X -a√, Jp¿ -B-s‚bpw

ss__n -fn -s‚bpw hnh -cW

{]Imcw tamk-kpw(-A) Al-tdm-

\pw(-A) CuPn]vXn-te°v Xncn®p

h∂-Xn\p tijw Ah-cpsS

PohnXw kw`h _lp-e-am-bn-cp-

∂p. ^tdm-h-bp-am-bp≈ Ah-cpsS

G‰p-ap-´¬ GI-tZiw Hcp Zi-I-

tØmfw Imew \o≠p \n∂Xmbn

\ap°v \nK-a\w sNbvsX-Sp-°m≥

km[n-°pw. tamkkv(A) ImWn-

®-Xmbn hnh-cn-°-s∏´ F√m AS-

bm -f -ßfpw Ht∂m ct≠m

h¿jsØ Np-cp-ßnb Ime-Øn-\n-

S -bn¬ kw`-hn -®-Xm-bn -cn -°m≥

km[y-a-√. CXn\p hncp-≤-ambn

sa¿sW∏Xns‚ c-W-Imew At±-

l-Øns‚ Inco-S-[m-cWw apX¬

Ah-km\w hsc-bp≈ apgp-h≥

`c -W-Im -ehpw shdpw F´v

h¿jtam AXn¬ Xmsgtbm

BsW∂v Ncn - {X -Im -c≥am¿

IW°v Iq´p-∂p.

AXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn sa¿Ws]Xv

bp≤{]nb-\mb cmPm-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

h¿jw tXmdpw XpS¿®-bmbn

At±lw ]e-kvXos\ B{I-an®p

sIm≠n-cp -∂p. Jp¿-B-\m-Is´

ss__n-fm-Is´ tamk-kn(-A)s‚

^tdmh C{kmtbens‚ aÆn

te°v AØcw B{I-a-W-ßƒ

\S-Øn-b-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Xo¿Øpw

au\w ]men-°p-∂p. Cu hnj-

bsØ kw_-‘n®v AKm-[-amb

Hcp N¿®-°p≈ ÿe-a√ CXv.

cwkokv c≠m-at\m sa¿W¿]v

tXm Ch-cn¬ c≠nepw s]´ GsX-

¶n-ep-sam-cm-fmWv ]pd-∏m-Sns‚

^tdm-h-sb∂ Imcyw sXfn-bn-

t°≠ Bh-iy-sam-∂p-an-√. Cu

c≠v t]cp-tSbpw \maw F¥p-am-

bn-s°m-≈s´ Cu aΩn-Iƒ kwc-

£n-°-s∏-Sp∂nStØmfw Imew

Jp¿ -Bs‚ kXy -Øn\v AXv

km£y-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw.

hnh: F.Fw


a\pjy≥ FhnsS \n∂v h∂p,

P\\Øn\v apºv Ah≥ Fßs\

cq]s∏´p F∂o Imcyßsf°p

dn®dnbm≥ Ah≥ F∂pw DXvkp

I\mbncp∂p. ssewKnI kwtbm

Kw hgnbmWv a\pjy {]P\\w

\S°p∂sX∂v {]mIrX a\pjy≥

a\ nem°nbncp∂p. F∂m¬

Ahs‚ Cu [mcW apgpt°

Dulßfpw anYymk¶¬∏ßfp

ambncp∂p. {`qW hf¿®sb°p

dn®p≈ a\pjys‚ A⁄Xbpw

A‘hnizmkhpw ImcWw

Ahs‚ P\\ ]q¿hL´sØ

°pdn®v XnI®pw Aimkv{Xo

bamb Hcp Imgv®∏mSmbncp∂p

]ucmWnI temIw sh®p]pe¿

Ønbncp∂Xv.

\ap°v Adnbs∏ńStØmfw

_n.kn. \memw \q‰m≠n¬

Acnkvt‰mńembncp∂p {`qW

hn⁄m\obsØ((Embryology)]‰n ]pkvXIsagpXnbXv. AXn¬

XmcXaymXvaI {`qW imkv{XsØ

°pdn®v {]tXyIn®v tImgnbpsS

{`qW hf¿®sb°pdn®v Nne

\nco£Wßƒ \SØnbn´p≠v.

a\pjy {`qWw \n›nX cq]an

√mØ hkvXphn¬ \n∂v cq]w

sIm≠XmsW∂pw B¿Øh

c‡hpw _oPhpw XΩnep≈

IqSnt®c¬ aqeamWv K¿`[mcWw

\S°p∂sX∂ sX‰mb \nKa\

ØnemWv At±lw FØnt®¿

∂Xv.

Ign™ c≠mbncw h¿j°m

eambn {`qW imkv{X cwKØv

]ptcmKa\£aamb bmsXmcp

Ne\hpw C√mbncp∂p. 17˛mw

\q‰m≠n¬ kq£vaZ¿in\nbpsS

I≠p]nSpØtØmSp IqSnbmWv

a\pjy {`qWsØ ]‰nbp≈

hniZamb ]T\ßƒ km[y

ambXv. 18˛mw \q‰mt≠mSpIqSn

{`qWtImißsf th¿Xncn®dn

bm≥ Ign™p.

GItZiw Hcp h¿jw apºv

a\pjy {]P\\sØ kw_‘n

®pw {`qW hf¿®sb]‰nbpw

Jp¿B\nse Nne hN\ßfpw

lZokpw Rm≥ hmbn°m\nS

bmbn, Ggmw \q‰m≠n¬ AhX

cn® Cu kq‡ßfnse AXn

kq£vaamb Nne imkv{Xob

{]Xn]mZ\ßƒ Fs∂ AZv`pX

kvX_v[\m°n. Aev]w Nne

hN\ßƒ Fs‚ kz¥w hymJym

\tØmsS Rm≥ hnhcn°mw.

‘Hcp krjvSn°v tijw

as‰mcp krjvSnbmbn aq∂p Xcw

Ccp´pIfn¬IqSn \nßfpsS

{`qWhn⁄m\obw

Im\Ubnse sSmsdmt‚m bqWnthgvkn‰nbn¬ A\mán hn`mKw

s{]m^kdpw saUnkn≥ hn`mKØns‚ sNb¿am\pamWv

teJI≥.

sIbvØn≥ aq¿

Jp¿B\nepw lZoknepw


amXm°fpsS K¿`mibßfn¬

\n∂v Ah≥ \nßsf krjvSn

°p∂p. AXmWv \nßfpsS

\mY\mb A√mlp.’(39:7)K¿`]m{XØnse {`qW hf¿®

bpsS L´ßsf ]‰n 15˛mw \q‰m

≠p hsc N¿® sNøs∏ńcp∂n√.

F. Un. c≠mw \q‰m≠n¬ Kme≥

Xs‚ ‘K¿`ÿiniphns‚ cq]m

¥cWw’(On the Formation of theFoetus) F∂ {KŸØn¬

adp]n≈ (Placenta)sb°pdn®pw

K¿`ÿ iniphns‚ BhcW

sØ°pdn®pw(Foetal membaranes) {]Xn]mZn°p∂p≠v. K¿`

]m{XsØ°pdn®pw At±l

Øn\v Adnhp≠mbncn°Ww.

17˛mw\q‰m≠n¬ kq£va Z¿in

\nbpsS I≠p]nSpØtØmsS

tImgnbpsS {`qWhf¿®bpsS hn

hn[ L´ßƒ \nco£n®v tcJ

s∏SpØm≥ Ign™p. 1940 hsc

a\pjy {`qWØns‚ Zim]cnWm

aßsf°pdn®v Bcpw ]cma¿

in®nń√. Ipd®v h¿jßƒ°v

apºv Cu B[p\nI Ime

L´Øn¬ t]mepw temIhym]

Iambn {`qWØns‚ hf¿®mL´

ßsf °pdn®v Aht_m[ap

≠mbnń√ F∂XmWv hmkvXhw.

Jp¿B≥ {]Xn]mZn® aq∂v

adsb kw_‘n®v bp‡n]c

ambn Cßs\ hymJym\n°m

hp∂XmWv. 1) amXmhns‚ DZc

`nØn (Mother’s Abdominal Wall)2) K¿`]m{X`nØn (Uterus Wall)3) {`qWkvXcw (AminochorionicMembarane). Cu aq∂p imcocnI

`nØnIfmWv _mly kΩ¿Z

ßfn¬ \n∂v {`qWØn\v kpc£

\¬Ip∂Xv.

‘]n∂oSv \mw \pXv^sb (kwtbmPnX enwKtImißsf˛kn‡mWvUsØ)Hcp kpc£nXÿm\Øv \nt£]n®p. ]n∂oSvvB \pXv^sb (kn‡mWvUsØ) Hń∏nSn°p∂ hkvXphmbpw B hkvXphns\Nh®c°s∏´ amwk]nWvUambpw AÿnIfmbpw \mw

cq]m¥cs∏SpØn. A\¥cwAÿnIsf \mw amwkw sIm≠vs]mXn™p. ]n∂oSv \mw AXns\as‰mcp krjvSnbmbn cq]m¥cs∏SpØn. AXn\m¬ G‰hpw \√\nebn¬ krjvSn°p∂h\mbA√mlp A\p{Kl kºq¿W\mWv.’ (23 14,15)

_oPk¶e\Øn\v tijw 24

ZnhktØ°v {`qWw Hcp A´sb

t]mse (Leech)bmWv. (Ad_n

bn¬ AeJv ˛ Hń]nSn®p \n¬

°p∂ hkvXp). AXn\v tijw

Ah Nh®c°s∏´ amwk°

jWw t]mse BbnØocp∂p.

(Ad_nbn¬ apf vK ˛Nh®c

°s∏´ amwkw) \memgv®Iƒ°v

tijw tkmssa‰vkv(Somites-{`qWØnse t\mt´m tIm¿Un

s‚(Notochord)bpw, \mUo

\mfn(Herural tube)bpsSbpw

Ccphißfnepw ImWs∏Sp∂

tImihf¿® cq]w {]m]n°p∂p.

{`qWmhÿbn¬ Xs∂

a\pjyiniphn\v AÿnIƒ,

t]inIƒ apXemb imcocnI {]

tXyIXIƒ cq]w {]m]n°m≥

XpSßp∂p. {`qWmhÿbpsS

Ahkm\tØmsS apJyamb

AhbhßfpsS hyhÿIƒ

cp]s∏´pIgnbp∂p. {`qWØns‚

_mly ZriyØn¬ akvXnjv°w,

lrZbw, Icƒ,tkmssa‰ vkv ,

Aÿn, Ahbhßƒ, sNhn,

aq°,v IÆv, apXembhbpsS cq]

tcJ hy‡ambn Ign™n´p

≠mIpw. Cu {]tXyIXItfmSp

IqSnb LS\ cq]w {]m]n°p∂

tXmsS kphy‡amb a\pjy

ap{ZIƒ AXn¬ ]Xnbp∂p.

Aßs\ B {`qWw A\ntj

[yamb {`qWambn amdp∂p.

_mlyhpw B¥cnIhpamb F√m

imcocnI LSIßfpw Cu

{`qWmhÿbnemWv cq]w sIm

≈p∂Xv. Cu A©v Bgv®°mew

hf¿®bpsS G‰hpw \n¿Wm

bIamb ImeLámIp∂p. Cu

ImeL´Øn¬ Xs∂bmWv

P∑PmX sshIeyßfpw DSseSp

°p∂Xv.

{`qWL´w ]n∂n´p Ign™m¬

c≠masØ apJy L´w K¿`ÿ

ssiih LámWv(Fetal Stage).Cu L´Øn¬ K¿`ÿ inip

io{L hf¿® {]m]n°pIbpw

hyXncn‡X t\SpIbpw sNøp

∂p. Ccp]Øn\mev Bgv®Iƒ

s°m≠v AXn\v IÆv Xpd°m≥

Ignbp∂p. Cu AhkcØn¬

K¿` Imew XnIbp∂Xn\v apºv

{]khn®mepw iniphn\v AXnPo

hn°m\mhpw.

]pcpj _oPhpw kv{XobpsS

Afihpw XΩn¬ tbmPn®v

kn‡mfiw (Zygote) F∂v

hnfn°s∏Sp∂ GItImiØn¬

\n∂mWv {`qWw P∑saSp°p∂Xv.

Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: ‘]n∂oS vAhs‚ (a\pjys‚) iniphns\\n mcamb {ZhhkvXphn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp kØn¬ \n∂vAh≥ krjvSn®p. ’ (32 :9) ‘D¬k¿Pn°p∂ ipIvfØn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp IWambncp∂nt√Ah≥. ]ns∂ Hń∏nSn°p∂k‡amwkambn Xo¿∂p. Aßs\ Ah≥ AXns\ cq]s∏SpØn]cn]q¿W\m°n’ (75: 38,39) Cu

Jp¿B≥ hN\ßfpw Hcp lZo

kpw C°mcyw hy‡am°p∂p.

]pcpj enwKØn¬ \n∂v D¬k¿

Pn°p∂ XpNvOamb ip¢Øn¬

\n∂mWv _oPtImißƒ hcp∂

sX∂v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp

∂p. aq{Xam¿tKW (Urethra)Xs∂ bmWv \n mc{Zhw F∂v

hnfn°s∏Sp∂ _oPw {khn°p

∂Xv.

Jp¿B\n¬ a\pjys\ Hcpk

Øn¬ \n∂v cq]s∏SpØnsbSp

Øp F∂ {]Xn]mZ\w ImWmw.

‘ A X v ^ v ’ { k h n ° s ∏ S p ∂

ip¢Øn¬ \n∂v th¿Xncns®Sp

°s∏Sp∂ A¬∏am{Xamb _oP

kØv F∂ hymJym\w G‰hpw

A \ p t b m P y a m b X m W v .

tImSm\ptImSn _oPßfn¬ \n∂v

K¿`]m{X°pgen¬ sh®v AWvU

sØ kao]n°p∂Xv GXm\pw


FÆw AWvUw am{XamWv.

‘kXyambpw Rm≥ a\pjys\k¶enXamb C{μnb _nμp(\pXv^Øn¬ AwimPo≥) hn¬\n∂pw krjvSn®ncn°p∂p. ’(76 :3) ChnsS k¶enXamb

C{μnbw (Mixed fluid) F∂

Jp¿Bs‚hntijWw A¬∏w

Afhv _oPtØmsSm∏w AWvU

Øn\v P∑taIp∂ tImißƒ

°pw AXns‚ IqsSbp≈ t^mfn

°pe¿ {ZhØn\pw (FollicularFluid) IqSn H∂n®p≈ hntijW

amImw. Jp¿Bs‚ as‰mcp

]cma¿iw an{inX {ZhØn¬

(Mingled fluid)\n∂mWv a\pjy≥

cq]w sIm≠Xv F∂mWv. CXv

Xo¿®bmbpw kv{Xo˛]pcpj∑m

cpsS ssewKnI tImi {Zhß

sfbpw kvJe\sØbpw k¶e\

sØbpw Ipdn®mWv. B¿Øh

L´Øn¬ AWvUtImißƒ

]pd¥≈s∏Spsa∂v \ap°

dnbmw. AWvU tImihpw t^mfn

°v Aæhpw K¿`mib°pgeneqsS

{]thin°p∂ L´Øn¬ ]pcp

j\pambn CWtNc¬ kw`hn

®m¬ AWvUw GXm\pw _oP

ßfpambn IqSnt®cp∂p. Cu

_oPßfnsem∂v AWvUØn

te°v Xpf™pIbdpIbpw {`pW

Øns‚ BZn cq]amb kn‡m

WvUw cq]s∏Sp Ibpw sNøp∂p.

17˛mw \q‰m≠n¬ hym]Iambn

{]Ncn® Hcmibw _oPØn¬

Xs∂ \mw a\pjys‚ sIm®p

cq]w D≈S°w sNbvXncn°p∂p

F∂mWv. AXvt]mse as‰mcp

hnizmkw kv{XobpsS AWvU

Øn¬ a\pjys‚ {]mKvcq]w

\nKqV\w sNøs∏ńcn°p∂p

F∂mWv. ]pcpj _oPw AXns\

hfcm≥ klmbn°pI am{XamWv

sNøps∂X∂mbncp∂p AhcpsS

hnizmkw.

18˛mw \q‰m≠n¬ kvs]√≥

k\n F∂ imkv{X⁄≥ BWn

s‚bpw s]Æns‚bpw ssewKn

ItImißƒ c≠pw IqSn tN¿

∂m¬ am{Xta K¿`[mcWw

\S°pIbp≈p F∂v ]co£

WØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬

sXfnbn°pIbp≠mbn. \mbv°

fn¬ Ir{Xna K¿`[mcWw \SØn

bXpƒs∏sS _oPhpw AWvU

hpw IqSn tN¿∂m¬ am{Xta K¿`

[mcWw \S°q F∂ Imcyw

At±lw ÿncoIcn°pIbp≠m

bn. Ggmw \q‰m≠n¬ AhXcn

°s∏´ Jp¿Bs‚ ‘k¶enX

{Zhw’ F∂ BibØns‚ hnh

£nXw ]Xns\m∂v \p‰m≠p

Iƒ°v tijw am{XamWv hniZo

Icn°s∏´Xv. Jp¿Bs‚ Cu

A¿Y]q¿Wamb {]tbmKsØ

B¨s]¨ ssewKnI tImi

ßfpsS k¶e\amsW∂v A°m

eØv hymJym\n°m≥ ]‰pambn

cp∂n√.

‘Hcp tcXkv°WØn¬ \n∂pamWv (\pXv^) Ah≥ Ahs\krjvSn®n´p≈Xv. F∂n´h≥(A√mlp) Ah\v tXmXv \n›bn®p. ]ns∂ Ah\v hf¿®mam¿Kw kpKaam°ns°mSpØp.’(80:20) Cu hmIyØn¬ t{Imtam

tkmans‚ \n›nX FÆØne

[njvTnXamb Hcp P\nXI ]≤Xn

(Genitic plan) A\pkcn®mWv

_oP k¶e\Øn\v tijap≈

AWvUw AYhm kn‡mWvUw

hfcp∂sX∂v Jp¿B≥ ]dbp

∂p. ]sØmºXmw \q‰m≠v hsc

imkv{X temIØn\v C°mcyw

Adnbn√mbncp∂p. Jp¿B\nse

Cu hmIyw \pXv^bn¬ ASßn

cn°p∂ P\nXI LS\ A\p

kcn®mWv mhnbnse hy‡nbpsS

cq]hpw kz`mhhpw \n¿W

bn°pI F∂Imcyw DW¿

Øp∂p.

‘tcXkvIWw D¬k¿Pn°s∏Sptºmƒ AXn¬ \n∂vBWv s]Æv F∂o c≠v CWIsf krjvSn°p∂h\pw Ah≥Xs∂bmWv.’(53:46, 47) Cu Jp¿


B\nI hN\Øn¬ _oP

k¶e\ thfbnemWv enwK\n¿W

bw \S°p∂sX∂v kqNn∏n

°p∂p. Adp]Xv h¿jØn\v

apºv t{Imatkmw I≠p]nSn ®Xn\v

tijw am{XamWv C°mcyw

temIØn\v Adnbm≥ km≤y

ambXv . _oP k¶e\Øns‚

apJy êw; ]n∂oSv hfcp∂

{`qWØns‚ enwKw GsX∂v

\n¿Wbn°s∏Sp∂p F∂XmWv.

]pcpj enwK \n¿WbØn\v Yt{ImatkmapIfpsS kzm[o\w

GItZiw Hcp ZiIw apºp

am{XamWv I≠p]nSn°s∏´Xv.

_oPk¶e\Øn\v tijw

BZyZibnse {`qWw (Blastocyst)]Øv Znhkw Ign™v K¿`

]m{XØn¬ Hńt®cp∂p. AXv

F´v BgvNIƒ°v tijw

a\pjys‚ cq]w {]m]n°m≥

Bcw`n°p∂p. ‘\pXv^’ K¿`

]m{XØnseØnbXn\v tijw 40

˛45 cmhpIƒ Ign™m¬ ssZhw

Hcp ae°ns\ Ab®v tIƒhn,

Imgv®, Xz°v, amwkw, Aÿn

F∂nh \¬Ipsa∂v Hcp

lZokns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬

apkvenwIƒ hnizkn°p∂p.

‘A√tbm ssZhta, BtWm

s]tÆm ’ F∂v ae°pIƒ tNmZn

°psa∂v lZokn¬ tcJ∏Sp

Øp∂p. 50 apX¬ 55 Znhkßƒ

Ign™Xn\v tijamWv hy‡

amb a\pjycq]w {`qWØn\v

e`n°p∂Xv. AXn\v aptºbp≈

a\pjy {`qWØns‚ Ahÿ a‰p

k k v X \ n I f n ¬ \ n ∂ p w

Xncn®dnbm≥ km≤ya√.

‘\nßfpsS `mcyam¿ \nßƒ°v Hcp IrjnbnSamIp∂p. AXvsIm≠v \nßƒ B{Kln°pwhn[w \nßƒ IrjnbnSØnte°vsN∂p sIm≈pI.’(2: 224) ChnsS

kv{Xosb Hcp IrjnbnStØm

SmWv D]an®ncn°p∂Xv. _oP

k¶e\Øn\v tijw Hcp hnØv

IrjnbnSØn¬ \Sp∂Xv t]mse

{`qWtImiw (Blastocyst) K¿`

]m{XØn¬ \nt£]n°s∏Sp∂

{]Xn`mkamWv ChnsS G‰hpw

DNnXamb hm°pIfn¬ Jp¿B≥

hc®p Im´p∂Xv. aÆv hnØns\

BhcWw sNøp∂Xv t]mse

K¿` ]m{XØnse F∏nØoenbw

(Epithelium) {`qWsØ BhcWw

sNøp∂ tImiIe AhnsS

hnX°s∏´ {`qWsØ BhcWw

sNøp∂p. AXn\v tijw {`qWw

amXmhns‚ c‡Øn¬ \n∂v

t]mjWw e`n°phm≥ hnØn¬

\n∂v apf s]m´p∂Xv t]mse

{IntbmWn°v hn√n( Chrionicvilli)F∂ tImiIeIƒ cq]s∏Sp∂p.

‘]n∂oSv \pXv^ Hń]nSn°p∂hkvXphmbpw ]ns∂ B k‡hkvXphns\ Nh°s∏´ amwk]nWvUambpw ]ns∂ amwk]nWvUsØ AÿnIfmbpw \mwcq]m¥cs∏SpØn. AXn\m¬G‰hpw \√\nebn¬ krjvSn°p∂h\mb A√mlp A\p{Klkºq¿W\mIp∂p’(23:15) K¿`

]m{XØn¬ {`qW \nt£]w

\SØp∂ Imebfhn¬ hfsc

°pd®v am‰ßsf D≠mhpIbp

≈q. ]n∂oSv {ItaW {`qW]cn

Wmaw Bcw`n°Ww. Jp¿ B\n¬

hnhcn°s∏´ {`qWØns‚ Cu

hf¿®mKXn AZv`pXIcamb

IWniXbp≈XmWv. 40 h¿j

ßƒ°v apºp hsc {`qWØns‚

Zim]cnWmaßsf°pdn®v kq£v

aamb Adnhv a\pjy\p≠mbncp

∂n√.

Cu hN\Øn¬, A´sb

t]mse cp]ap≈Xpw Hń\n¬

°p∂Xpamb {`qWL´sØ°p

dn®pw XpS¿∂v Nh®c°s∏´

amwk]nWvUsØ t]msebp≈

Ahÿsb°pdn®pw hnhcn°p

∂p≠v.

‘]n∂oSv \pXv^bn¬ \n∂pw]n∂oS v Hń∏nSn°p∂ k‡hkvXp hn¬ \n∂pw ]n∂oSv cp]w]q≠Xpw A√mØXpamb Nh®c°s∏´ amwk]nWvUØn¬\n∂pw \mw krjvSn®ncn°p∂p.’( 22:5) ChnsS cq]w ]q≠Xpw

A√mØXpamb {`qWmhÿ

F∂ hN\w G‰hpw {it≤b

amWv. Cu Ahÿbn¬ akvXnjv

°hpw lrZbhpw `mKnIambn

am{Xta cq]s∏ń´p≠mhpIbp

≈q. At∏mƒ {`qWw Nh®c®v

amwk ]nWvUw t]mse tXm∂n

∏n°p∂p.

Nh®c°s∏´Xv t]msebp≈

L´w ]n∂n´Xn\v tijw Aÿn

Iƒ cq]w sIm≈pIbpw (23:15)

BdmasØ Bgv® AÿnIƒ

{`qWØn\v a\pjy cq]w \¬

IpIbpw sNøp∂p.

ImXpIfpw IÆpIfpw \mema

sØ Bgv® Xs∂ cp]s∏Sm≥

Bcw`n°p∂p. BdmasØ Bgv®

hy‡amb Ahbhw cq]w

{]m]n°p∂p. kn‡mfiØns‚

AYhm \pXv^ 42 Znhkw

]n∂n´m¬ enwKw GXmsW∂v

Xncn®dnbs∏Sp∂n√. CXmtWm

t\csØ ]cma¿in°s∏´ ae°p

IfpsS tNmZyØn\v B[mcw

F∂v Rm≥ kwibn°p∂p. 42

Znhkw Ahy‡ambn a\pjy

cq]w Xncn®dnbm≥ km[n

°psa¶nepw F´v Bgv®Ign

™m¬ am{Xta hy‡ambn

Xncn®dnbm≥ km≤yamhq.

enwKmhbhßfpsS hyXymkw 12

Bgv®Iƒ°v tijta hy‡ambn

Xncn®dnbm≥ km≤yamhpIbp

≈p.

Jp¿B\nepw lZoknepw

{`qW hn⁄m\obsØ ]‰n

\nc¿YIsa∂v \ap°v tXm∂p ∂

]e {]kvXmh\Ifpw ImWmw.

]t£ \ΩpsS ⁄m\w IqSpX¬

hnIknXamhptºmƒ Xo¿®bm

bpw AXn\v A¿Y]q¿Wna

ssIhcpw. C°mcyw kΩXn

°msX Xcan√. aXhpw imkv{X

hpw XΩn¬ Zo¿LImeambn

\ne\n¬°p∂ hnShv Ipd®v

sIm≠v hcm≥ Jp¿B\ntebpw

lZokntebpw {]kvXmh\Iƒ

klmbIamWv.

hnh: F.Fw.


P\m_v C. sI. auehn kmln_v FgpXnbBZysØ IØv

P\m_v _n. A–p√mlv kmln_v F.®v. F

Ah¿Iƒ°v :˛

Eriyad- 26HIvtSm_¿ 1927

am\ysc,

CkvemwaX {]NcWm¿Yw Xm¶fpsS ]m¿ń

sNbvXp hcp∂ `KocY {]bXv\w Bcmepw

BZcWobhpw A\p IcWobhpamsW∂p am{Xa√

as‰√m apkvenwIfpw Cu hnjbØn¬ \nßƒ°v

ISs∏ńcn°p∂p. Cu al¬ ImcyØn¬ \nßsf

th≠ hn[w klmbn°phm≥ F\n°v tijnbpw

tiapjnbpw kuIcyhpw C√msX t]mbXn¬

F\n°Xnbmb hyk\ap≠v. an¿km kmln_ns\

kw_‘n®p \nßƒ°p≈ AXncp Ihn™

hnizmkØn¬ Hcp {]ImcØnepw \nßsf

A\pIqen°phm≥ F\n°p km[n°p∂n√. aX

{]NmcW hnjbØn¬ At±lw Hcp

tbmKy\mbncp∂psh∂√msX At±lw akolv

auDuZm sWt∂m \_nbmsWt∂m dkqemsWt∂m

F∂p th≠m ]Xn\memw \q‰m≠nse apP±nZmsW∂v

Xs∂tbm hnizkn°phm≥ F\n°p km[n°p∂n√.

Cu AhkcØn¬ Hcp kwKXnIqSn Xm¶sf

DW¿tØ≠Xmbp≠v. Rm≥ tIhew Hcp a¿°S

apjvSn°mc\msW∂p Xm¶ƒ [cn°cpXv. Jp¿B\pw

lZokpamWv Fs‚ {]amWw. ke^p menlo

ßsfbmWv Rm≥ A\pIcn°p∂Xv. h√h\pw

h√Xpw ]d™m¬ AsXms° thZhmIyamsW∂v

hnizkn°p∂ Bf√ Rms\∂v Xm¶ƒ a\ nem°n

bn´ps≠∂v Rm≥ hnizkn°p∂p. kXyw shfn

s∏´m¬ AXv hnizkn°p∂Xn¬ BfpIfpsS

Bt£]sØ `bs∏Sphm≥ Rms\mcn°epw

Xømd√. A√mlphns\ Rm≥ `bs∏Sp∂ps≠¶n¬

F\n°v a‰mscbpw `bs∏tS≠Xn√. AXpsIm≠v

\ymbamb coXnbn¬ Xm¶fpambn Hcp hmZ {]Xn

F´p]Xn‰m≠pIƒ°v apºv \S∂Hcp aXkwhmZw

tIcf PwCøØp¬ Dea ÿm]I ]WvUnX∑mcnsemcmfmb C. sI auehn

F∂dnbs∏Sp∂ auehn C. sI. Ip™lΩZv Ipń kmln_pw AlvaZnøm

anj\dnbmbncp∂ lZvdØv _n. A–p√m kmln_v F®v. F. bpw XΩn¬ 87 h¿jßƒ°v

apºv FgpØp aptJ\ \S∂Xpw 1931 ¬ A®Sn®p {]kn≤oIcn®Xpamb Ncn{X

{]kn≤amb aXkwhmZw ChnsS ]p\{]kn≤oIcn°pIbmWv.

kºm: l_o_v, amln.


hmZw \SØphm≥ Rm≥ B{Kln°p∂p. AXv

kXyw shfns∏tSWsa∂p≈ ]cn]mh\amb

Dt±iytØmSp IqSnbmbncnt°≠XmWv. hmZ

{]XnhmZw ]{Xw aptJ\ bmhp∂Xv Cu Ime

ÿnXn°v A{X A\ptbmPyas√∂v Rm≥ {]tXyIw

]dtb≠Xn√t√m. AXv sIm≠v Xmsg ImWn°p∂

tNmZyßƒ°v adp]Sn Xcphm\t]£n®p sIm≈p

∂p.

1) ao¿km kmln_n¬ \nßƒ°p≈ hnizmk

sa¥mWv?, 2) At±lw ‘lJoJn’bmb \_nbpw,

dkqepamsW∂v \nßƒ hnizkn°p∂pt≠m?, 3)

At±lw Hcp km[mcW a\pjy≥ am{XamsW ∂v

hnizkn°p∂hsc ]‰n \nßfpsS A`n{]mb

sa¥mWv?, 4) aplΩZv \_n(k) bm¬ {]t_m[\w

sNøs∏´ AtX ktμißsfXs∂

{]Ncn∏n°phm\mbn D’mln°p∂h¿s°ms°

\_n F∂p ]dbm\p≈ \ymb {]ImcamWv an¿km

kmln_n\v \_n F∂v ]dbp∂sX¶n¬ _: A¬

lmPv IzmPm Iamep±o≥ apXemb almXvam°ƒ°pw

\_namsc∂v ]d™p IqsStbm?, 5) an¿km kmln_v

akolv auDuZ v BsW∂pw \_nbmsW∂pw

ÿm]n°m\mbn At±lw sNbvX h√ {]hN\ßfpw

]ng®p t]mbn´pt≠m?

C{Xbpw tNmZyßƒ°v kam[m\w InńbXn\v

tijw F\n°dnbm\p≈ _m°n kwKXn sb°pdn®v

tNmZn®p sIm≈mw.

F∂v hn\oX ktlmZc≥,

C. sI. Ip™lvΩZpIpń, (H∏v)

lZvdØv _n. A–p√mkmln_ns‚ adp]Sn

_nkvan√mln¿dlvam\n¿dlow \lvaZplp

h\keo Aem dkqen¬ Icow h_nln \kvXbow

am\ysc,

Ign™ HIvtSm_¿ amkw 26 \v Xm¶fb®

IØv 31 \v F\n°v ]gbßmSnbn¬ Inń. AXv

In´p∂Xn\v GXm\pw Znhkw apºpsXm´p C∂se

hsc Rm≥ HcnSØpw Xmakn°msX ]e ÿeØpw

k©cn®p \n¿hlnt°≠p∂ tPmenIfn¬ G¿s∏´p

t]mbXn\m¬ Xm¶fpsS IØn\v Ct∂hsc adp]Sn

Ab∏m≥ km[n°msX t]mbXn¬ hyk\n°pIbpw

Xm¶tfmSv £am]Ww sNøpIbpw sNbvXpsIm≈p

∂p

‘kXyw shfns∏SWsa∂ ]cn]mh\ Dt±iy

tØmSpIqSn’ Xm¶ƒ Rm\pambn FgpØp aqew hmZ

{]XnhmZw \SØphm≥ B{Kln®p ImWp∂Xn¬

kt¥mjn°p∂p. kXym kXyßsf th¿Xncn®

dntbW sa∂p≈ B{KltØmSpIqSn Xm¶ƒ

tNmZyßƒ tNmZn°p∂Xv sIm≠v kam[m\w

]dbp∂Xn\v apºmbn \ΩpsS Dt±iy kn≤n°p

]cym]vXamb Hcp {]tXyI kwKXn IqSn ChnsS

{]kvXmhn®p sIm≈s´. FgpØp aqew

tNmtZyØcw \SØp∂ Xmbm¬ hfsc kabw \mw

CXnte°v NnehntS≠Xn\v ]pdta CXn¬ henb

Imehnfw_w t\cnSp∂XmWv, ImcWw Hcmƒ°v

hnizmkan√mØ hnjbsØ°pdn®v AkwJyw

tNmZyßfp≠mIpI kzm`mhnIamWt√m, F∂m¬

lZvdØv an¿km kmlnt_m At±lØns‚

{]Xn]pcpj∑mtcm FgpXnbn´p≈ {KŸßƒ

kZpt±iytØmsS hmbn®p Nn¥n°p∂Xmbm¬

Xm¶ƒ tNmtZymØcw sIm≠pt±in°p∂ Imcyw

hfsc Ffp∏Ønepw Xr]vXnbmb \nebnepw

km[yamhm≥ am¿Kap≠v. BbXv sIm≠v Xm¶ƒ

kΩXn°p∂ ]£w lZvdØv an¿km kmln_ns‚

hmZßsf°pdn® v {]Xn]mZn °p∂ DdpZp

]pkvXIßƒ Xm¶ƒ°b®p X∂p sIm≈mw.

hmbn®p aS°n Ab®m¬ aXn. Hmtcm ]pkvXIhpw

hmbn®p Ign™m¬ ]ns∂ AXn¬ {]Xn]mZn°s∏´

kwKXnIsf°pdn®p≠mIp∂ kwibßsf FgpXn

Adnbn®m¬ Rm≥ Fs‚ Adnhn\\pkcn®v

kam[m\w XcpIbpw sNømw. CXv Fs‚bpw

Xm¶fpsSbpw kuIcysØbpw kab

Zu¿_eysØbpw Hm¿Øp ]dbp∂XmWv. CXp

Xm¶ƒ°v kΩXas√¶n¬ FgpØpaqew hmZ

{]XnhmZw \SØp∂Xpw F\n°v kt¥mjw Xs∂.

lZvdØv an¿km kmln_ns\°pdn®p Rßƒ

°p≈ hnizmkw AXncp Ihn™XmsW∂v Xm¶ƒ

]dbp∂Xn¬ Rßƒ°v H´pw AXnibw tXm∂p

∂n√. At±lØn¬ Rßsft]mse hnizmkw

h∂nń√mØ Xm¶ƒ°v Aßs\ tXm∂p∂Xv

klPamWt√m Rßƒ hnizkn°p∂Xv t]mse

At±lw a\pjy IpeØn\v am¿KZ¿ inbmbn

ssZhØm¬ \ntbmKn X\mb BfmsW¶n¬ (Xo¿®

bmbpw At±lw ssZhØns‚ Bfs{X), At±l

Øn¬ hnizkn ∏m\p≈ `mKyw d∫p¬ Beao≥

Xm¶ƒ°pw \¬IpamdmIs´. C\n Xm¶fpsS

tNmZyßƒ°v kam[m\w ]d™p sIm≈mw :˛

1) apkvenwIsf A‘hnizmkØn¬ \n∂pw

A\mNmcßfn¬ \n∂pw hos≠Sp°pIbpw

CXc∑msc Ckvemante°v £Wn°pIbpw

ZnhyASbmfßfm¬ AXns‚ kXysØ shfn

s∏SpØpIbpw sNbvhm\mbn s°m≠p ssZhØm¬

\ntbmKnX\mb HcmfmWv lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v.

At±lw hmKvZØw sNøs∏´ alvZnbpw akolp

amWv, 2) ‘aPmkn’F∂pw ‘lJoJn’ F∂pw a‰pw

\p_qΔØn\v hIt`Zßƒ \n¿Wbn®Xv lZvdØv

an¿km kmln_ns‚ kz¥w ‘CkvXnemlv ’{]Imc

amIp∂p. CXns\°pdn®v ChnsS hnkvXcn°Wsa∂v

tXm∂p∂n√. Xs∂bpa√, AXn\v CΩmXncn

F{Xtbm ]pdßƒ th≠n hcnIbpw sNøpw.

RßfpsS en‰td®¿ hmbn®m¬ Cu kwKXn \√Xv


t]mse hniZ amhp∂XmWv. lJoJn \_nsb∂Xv

sIm≠v hnh£n°p∂Xv bYm¿Y \_n F∂m

sW¶n¬ lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v lJoJn

\_nXs∂. icoAtØmSp IqSnb \_n Ft∂m

AYhm dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k) bpsS icoAØv

IqSmsX kzX{¥amb \_n F∂msW¶n¬ At±lw

lJoJn \_n A√., 3) lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v

Hcp km[mcW a\pjy≥ am{XamWv F∂v Xm¶ƒ

]dbp∂Xns‚ Dt±iyw At±lw Xs‚ hmZßfn¬

AkXyhm\mIp∂pshs∂mW¶n¬ ssZh\ntbmK

ap≠mbn´p≈ Hcp ]pWymXvamhns\ AkXyhmZn

sb∂p ]d™pX≈p∂hsc°pdn® v hnip≤

Jp¿B\pw lZokpw F¥p hn[n°p∂pthm AXp

Xs∂bmWv an¿km kmln _ns\ AkXyhmZnsb∂v

\ntj[n°p∂hsc°pdn®v Rßƒ°pw ]dbm\p

≈Xv. Cu kwKXnsb°pdn®v Rßƒ°p≈ apgp

A`n{]mbßfpw RßfpsS en‰td®dn¬ \n∂p Xs∂

hniZamIp∂XmWv., 4) Ckvemw aXsØ {]Ncn∏n°p

hm\mbn D’mln°p∂h¿s°ms° \_nsb∂v

]dbmsat∂m lZvdØv an¿km kmln_v \_n

bmsW∂v hmZn°p∂Xv AØcØnemsWt∂m

Rßƒ hnizkn°p∂n√., 5) lZvdØv an¿km

kmln_v Xs‚ akoln øØnt\m \_nXzØnt\m

{]tXyI km£yambn h√ {]hN\hpw ]d™

Xmbn´p≈Xmbn Rm≥ Hm¿°p∂n√. At±lw Xs‚

hmZw kXyamsW∂Xnte°v km£yambn AkwJyw

{]hN\ßƒ {]kn≤w sNbvXn´p≠v. AXpI sfms°

]q¿Ønbmbn´p≠v.

Xm¶fpsS tNmZyßƒ°v Npcp°ambn ta¬

kam[m\w FgpXnbn´p≈Xv Xm¶ƒ bYm¿Yyw

{Kln°Wsa∂ B{KltØmSpIqSnbmWv. F∂m¬

Cßs\ hnjb{Iaw t\m°msX ]e

kwKXnIsf°pdn®pw tNmZyw sNøm≥ XpSßnbm¬

CXn\v Hcp AdpXnbp≠mIpI Zp m≤yamWt√m.

AXn\m¬ Hmtcm {]tXyI kwKXnsb°pdn®pw

tNmtZymØcw \SØn Xo¿∏p hcpØp∂Xv \ΩpsS

Dt±iykn≤n°v klmbIcambn `hn°pw.

DZmlcWambn Cukm \_nbpsS acWw,

At±Øns‚ c≠mw hchv , lZ vdØv an¿km

kmln_ns‚ kXyX F∂o kwKXnIsf A\p{Iaw

tNmZy hnjbambn FSpt°≠XmWv. BbXv sIm≠v

RßfpsS kmlnXyßƒ hmbn®p t\m°msX

tNmZymØcØn\v Xs∂mbmWv Xm¶fpsS Hcp°

sa¶n¬ {Iaa\pkcn®v tNmZyw Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v

hntcm[an√. X¬°mew C{X am{Xw

F∂p hn\oX ktlmZc≥,

_n. A–p√, FOv. F.

(XpScpw)

Xm\pw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Rm≥ At±-

l-Øn-\p-th≠n IsØ-gp-Xn.''

auehn apl-ΩZv _Jviv kmln-

_ns‚ aI≥ lZvdØv Kpemw

ap¿Øfm kmln_v ]d -

bp∂p:""F\n°p ]e {]mh-iyhpw

]e-hn -[ -Ønepw kz]v\ -Øn¬

\_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb ImWm≥

km[n-®n- p-≠v. Hcn-°¬ Rm≥ BZ-

c-Wo-b-amb aZo-\-bn-se-Øn. hpfp

sNbvXv c≠p dIv-AØv \^v¬ \a-

kvI-cn-®p. ]n∂oSv A\p-Kr-lo-X-

amb duf-i-co-^n-se-Øn. kap-{Z-

Øn¬ Xncam-e-Iƒ ASn-®p-b-cp-∂-

Xp-t]mse AhnsS {]Imiw Ae-

b-Sn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\pw

B Xnc-am-e-bn¬ IS-∂p. ]n∂oSv

aKvcn_v \a-kv°m-c-Øn-\p-tijw

\^v¬ \a-kvI -cn -°p -tºmgpw

Pm{Km -h -ÿ-bn¬ CtX

Zriyap≠m-bn. 1906-˛¬ Rm≥ Ah-

[n-bn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ Fs‚ aqØ

c≠p ktlm-Z -c -∑mcpw Kpemw

laoZv kmln_pw Kpemw bmko≥

kmln_v Jmcnbpw _bv-AØv

sNbvXp Ign-™n-cp-∂p. Ipd®p

Znhkw Rm≥ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w \a-

kvI-cn-°m≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√. F\n°v

A©msa BYnw F∂ {KŸw

hmbn -°m≥ \evIn. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(A)ap_m-l-ebv°v

Blzm\w sNbvXXv Rm\-Xn¬

hmbn-®p. ]n∂oSv F\n°v Fs∂

\nb-{¥n-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. Rm≥

Jmcn Kpemw bmko≥ kmln-_n-

t\mSp ]d-™p, "B alm-flm-

hns\ ImWm≥ \ap°v t]mImw.'

Aßs\ Rßƒ aq∂p ktlm-Z-

c-∑mcpw JmZn-bm-\n-se-Øn. akvPnZv

ap_m-d-°n¬˛ AXv A∂v sNdnb

]f-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p˛Bfp-Iƒ Ccn-∏p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rßfpw AhnsS

sN∂n-cp -∂p. lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zv(A)h∂-t∏mƒ Bfp-Iƒ

Fgp-t∂‰p \n∂p. A°m-c -W-

Øm¬ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb B apJ-

I-aew Z¿in-°m≥ Rßƒ°p Ign-

™n-√. lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(A) lZvdØv l°ow \qdp-±o≥

t]Pv 13 ¬ \n∂v XpS¿® kmln-_n-t\m-sSm∏w apdn-bv°p-f-fn-

en-cp-∂p. aZo\ap\-Δ-d-bn¬h®v

Rm≥ I≠ AtX Zriyw Xs∂-

bm-bn-cp∂p Ahn-tSbpw I≠-Xv.

A∏mƒ Fs‚ lrZbw hnizmk

`cn-X-ambn. Rm≥ at∂m´p \oßn

lpZq-dn\v _bv-AØp sNbvXp.''

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(A)

s‚ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-

t\mSv am¿K-Z¿i\w tXSnb Nne-bm-

fp-I-fpsS Nne kw`-h-ß-fmWv

Rm≥ ]d-™-Xv. A√mlp kz]v\-

Øn-eqsS lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(A)s‚ kXyw Ah¿°p shfn-

s∏-SpØns°mSp-Øp. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(A)s‚ Ime-L-´-

Øn¬ A√mlp kz]v\-Øn-eqsS

am¿K-Z¿\w \evInb e£-°-W-°n-

∂m-fp-Ifp≠v. lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zv(A)s\ ]n¥p-W-®p-sIm≠v

kz]v\-ßƒ ImWn®v A√mlp

Ah¿°v t\cmb am¿Kw ImWn-®p-

sIm-Sp-Øp.

(XpScpw)


km[mcW Hcp aX {KŸw

t]mseb√ hnip≤ Jp¿B≥.

ùXnI {]]©Ønse bmYm¿

Yyßfnte°pw {]Xn`mkßfnte

°pw a\pjys‚ {i≤ £Wn®p

sIm≠v ssZhØns‚ AkvXnXz

sØ]‰n Nn¥n°m≥ Blzm\w

sNøp∂ Hcp {KŸ amWv hnip≤

Jp¿B≥. AØcw hN\ßƒ

Jp¿B\n¬ DS\ofw ImWmw.

Jeo^Øp¬ akolv \mema\pw

t\m_¬ kΩm\ tPXmhv tUm.

A–p emapw XßfpsS {]kwK

ßfn¬ Uamkv°kv bqWnthgv

kn‰nbnse tUm. AAvPmkp¬

JmØn_ns\ D≤cn°mdp≠v.

tUm. JmØn_ns‚ ]T\Øn¬

hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ {]IrXn

imkv{Xßsf°pdn®v ]Tn°m≥

Blzm\w sNbvXp sIm≠v 750

hN\ßfmWp≈Xv. AXv Jp¿B

s‚ Fńsem∂v(1/8) hcpw. AtX

kabw I¿a imkv{Xßsf ]‰n

hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ 250 hN\

ßƒ am{Xtabp≈q! At∏mƒ

hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ imkv{X

]T\Øn\v \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw

hy‡amWt√m. {]]©Øn¬

a\pjy\v A⁄mXamb \nch[n

kXyßsf°pdn®v hnip≤ Jp¿

B≥ kqN\ \¬Ip∂p. AXnsem

∂mWv A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnI

fps≠∂ Jp¿Bs‚ {]kvXmh\.

`qanbn¬ am{Xta Poh\p

≈psh∂pw `qanbmWv {]]©

Øns‚ tI{μw F∂pap≈

`qtI{μ {]]© ho£Ww

(Geocentrism) a≤yIme

GIm¥XbpsS A]mc XocØneqsS `qan Xs‚ Pohn]cnhmcßfpambn {]]©Øn¬

H‰°v Idßn XncnbpIbmtWm? a\pjy kaqlØns‚ kpJZpxJßfpw Nn¥Ifpw

A\p`qXnIfpw ]¶nSm≥ A\y{Kl PohnItfm a‰p ùtaXc \mKcnIXItfm \ΩpsS

{]]©Ønept≠m? CXv kw_‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw imkv{Xhpw F¥p ]dbp∂p F∂v

t\m°mw.

F. Fw. aplΩZv keow

A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m?

Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p


L´Øne[njvTnXamb Hcp

{InkvXpaX ho£Wambncp∂p.

{InkvXphn\v sXm´papºp≈

\q‰m≠pIfn¬ Pohn® {Ko°v

Nn¥I∑mcmb Acnkvt‰mńepw

tSmfanbpw apt∂m´p sh® Cu

{]]© k¶¬∏w (Ptolemaic Sys-tem) {InkvXpaX Z¿i\Øn\

\ptbmPyambncp∂Xv sIm≠mWv

a≤yImeL´Øn¬ {InkvXpk`

AXns‚ h‡m°fmbnamdnbXv.

AXmbXv {]]© {kjvSmhn

semcmfmb ssZh]p{X≥ AhX

cn® ÿew `qanbmsW∂pw

AXn\m¬ `qan khntijamb

Hcp ÿeamsW∂pw {]]©

Øns‚ tI{μamsW∂pambn

cp∂p ss{IkvXh ho£Ww. `qan

Nen°mØ Hcp ÿeamsW∂pw

`qansb∂ Xncn °p‰nbn¬

BImi tKmfßƒ Idßns°m

≠ncn°bmsW∂Xpw ss__n

fns\ ASnÿm\am°nbp≈

{InkvXp k`bpsS HutZymKnI

hnizmkambncp∂p. `qt{I{μ

kn≤m¥Øn\v A\pIqeamb

ss__nƒ hN\ßƒ C{]Imc

amWv. ‘`qansb Hcn°epw CfIn

t∏mImØhn[w AXns‚ AkvXn

hmcØn¬ \o {]XnjvTn®p. ’(k¶o¿Ø\w:104 :5) ‘AtX,

`qtemIw kpÿm]nXamWv AXv

CfIpIbn√.’ (Zn\hrØm¥w

16:30) ‘I¿Ømhv `cWw \SØp

∂p. Ah≥ {]Xm]aWn™ncn

°p∂p. I¿Ømhv i‡n [cn®v

Ac apdp°nbncn°p∂p. temIw

kpÿm]nXam°nbncn°p∂p

AXv Hcn°epw CfIpIbn√.

\ns‚ knwlmk\w ]t≠ ÿm

]n°s∏ n p≈XmWv’(k¶o¿Ø\w

93:1) ‘I¿Ømhv cWw \SØp∂p

F∂v P\XIƒ°nSbn¬ ]dbp.

AtX, `qtemIw kpÿm]nX

amWv. AXv CfIpIbn√. (k¶o¿

Ø\w 96:10) `qan {]]©Øns‚

CfImØ AkvXnhmcamsW∂

{InkvXpk`bpsS Xo¿∏ns\Xnsc

B¿°pw bmsXm∂pw ]dbm≥

AhImian√mbncp∂p. ]Xn\mdmw

\q‰m≠n¬ \thm∞m\ ùXnI

i m k v { X ⁄ \ m b n c p ∂

tIm∏¿\n°kv (1473–1543)

kqcytI{μ kn≤m¥w (Heliocentrism)AhXcn∏n®p sIm≠v

`qtI{μ kn≤m¥w XncpØn

°pdn°pIbp≠mbn. hmkvX

hØn¬ ]Ømw \q‰m≠n¬

Xs∂ Ad_v temIsØ _kd

bn¬ Pohn® imkv{X {]Xn`

C_v\p sslØw, tSmfanbpsS

{]]© k¶¬ ∏sØ tNmZyw

sNbvXp sIm≠v cNn® ‘A¬

ip°pIp Aem _Øemanbqkv’(Doubts Concerning Ptolemy˛tSmfansb kw_‘n® kwib

ßƒ) F∂ ]pkvXI Øn¬

tSmfanbpsS `ptI{μ kn≤m¥w

XncpØn°pdn®ncp∂p. AXn¬

Acnkvt‰mńens‚bpw tSmfanbp

sSbpw tKmfkn≤m¥ßsf ]co

£W \nco£WßfneqsS imkv

{Xobambn sX‰msW∂v sXfnbn

°pIbpw `qan kqcy\p Np‰pw

Nen°p∂ps≠∂v hy‡am °pI

bpw sNbvXn´p≠v. GXmbmepw

tIm∏¿\n°kns‚ BibßfS

ßnb {KŸßƒ hne° s∏´

]pkvXIßfpsS*(Index LibrorumProhibitorum = List of ProhibitedBooks) ]ńIbn¬ Dƒs∏SpØn

{InkvXp k`

hnfw_cs∏SpIbmWp≠mbXv.

\qdv h¿jßƒ°v tijw C‰m

enb≥ imkv{X⁄\mb Keoen

tbm Keoen( 1564˛1642) tIm∏¿

\n°kns‚ kqcytI{μ kn≤m

¥w AhXcn∏n®Xns‚ t]cnemWv

alm\mb B imkv{X⁄s\

thZhn]coXw (Heresy) Btcm

]n®v {InkvXp k` C¶znknj\v

hnt[bam°n PbneneS®Xv F∂

Imcyw \mw Hm¿°Ww.

Jp¿Bs‚ {]]© ho£Ww{]]©Øn¬ `qansb IqSmsX

A\y{Klßfn¬ PovhnIfpt≠m

F∂Xns\ kw_‘n®v hnip≤

Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p F∂v

N¿® sNøp∂Xn∂v apºmbn. a‰p

aX{KŸßfn¬ \n∂v hyXykvX

ambn hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ AXnK

l\hpw D∂X \nehmcØnep

ap≈ {]]© ho£Ww Npcp°

Øn¬ {]Xn]mZn°mw. ss__nƒ

ASnÿm\am°nbp≈ qtI{μnX

{]]© kn≤m¥hpw `qanbn¬

am{Xta Poh\p≈q F∂ hmZ

hpw, `qan \n›eamWv F∂

hnizmkhpw hnip≤ Jp¿B≥

\ncmIcn°p∂p. Jp¿Bs‚ {]]

© ho£WØns‚ A©v

{]tXyIXIƒ ChbmWv. 1) AXn

_rlØmb Cu {]]©w Hcp

almhnkvt^mS\ØneqsSbmWv

\nehn¬ h∂Xv. 2) hnkvt^mS\

tijw AXv hnIkn®psIm≠n

cn°p∂p.3) Hcp \n›nX

]cn[nbnseØnbm¬ hnIk\w

\ne®v {]]©w kt¶mNn°pI

bpw ]q¿hÿnXn {]m]n°p

Ibpw sNøpw 4) {]]© tKmf

ßsf√mw Nen®psIm≠ncn°p∂p

5) kqcy≥ \ΩpsS KmeIvkn bn¬

Hcp {]tXyI {àW ]YØn eqsS

k©cn°p∂p(Solar Apex).

1 ˛ a l m h n k v t ^ m S \ w : ˛ h n i p ≤

Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: ‘Ahnizm

knIƒ ImWp∂nt√ BImi

ßfpw `qanbpw kwL\nXamb

Hcp ]nWvU (cXvJ≥) ambncp∂p.

]n∂oSv \mw AXns\ ]nf¿Øp

Ibpw(^XvJ≥) sNbvXp. Poh

\p≈ F√m‰nt\bpw \mw

PeØn¬\n∂v D≠m°pIbpw

sNbvXp’ (21:31) ùXnIhmZnI

fmbAhnizmknIsf A`nkw

t_m[\ sNbvXpsIm≠p≈ Cu

Jp¿B≥ hN\Ønse ‘cXvJ≥’(kwL\nX ]nWvUw) ‘^XvJ≥’(]nf¿Ø¬˛almhnt`Z\w) F∂o

c≠v ]Zßfpw \ΩpsS {]]©w

DXv`hn® coXnIfnte°v shfn®w

hoip∂p. almhnkvt^mS\Øn

(Big Bang )eqsSbmWv {]]©w

\nehn¬ h∂sX∂ B[p\nI

imkv{XØns‚ Is≠Ø¬ Jp¿

Bs‚ A¿Y]q¿Wamb Cu

hN\sØ ]n¥pW°p∂p. Cu

{_lvamWvUw {]mYanImh ÿ

bn¬ Hcp IWcq]Ønembncp


∂p. AXn km{μhpw AXyp∂X

Xm]hpap≈ Ahÿbn¬ B

{]mYanI IWØns‚ kaanXn

(Symetry)XI¿∂v kvt^mS

\Øn\v hnt[bamhp∂p. kvt^mS

\Øn\v tijw {]]©w XWp

°phm≥ XpSßpIbpw hntamNn

Xamb Du¿Pw _eßfmbpw

IWßfmbpw B‰ßfpw X∑m

{XIfpw ]Zm¿Yßfpw tKmf

hyhÿIfpambn cq]m¥cs∏Sp

IbmWp≠mbXv F∂v almhnkv

t^mS\ kn≤m¥w ]dbp∂p.

2˛{]]©Øns‚ hnImkw:˛hnkv

t^mS\ tijw {]]©w hnI

kn®psIm≠nc n°bmsW∂v

as‰mcp hN\Øn¬ Jp¿B≥

]dbp∂p: ‘BImisØ \ΩpsS

i‡nsIm≠v (AbvZn≥) \mw

krjvSn®ncn°p∂p. Xo¿®bmbpw

\mw AXns\ hnIkn∏n®p

sIm≠ncn°p∂XmWv. (apkn

Du≥) ’(51:48) 1922 ¬ djy≥

imkv{X⁄\mbncp∂ AeIv

km≠¿ {ôUv am\mbncp∂p

{]]©w hnIkn®psIm≠ncn°p

I bmsW∂ kn≤m¥w apt∂m´p

sh®Xv . ]p≈nIfp≈ Hcp

_eq¨ DuXn ho¿∏n°ptºmƒ

]p≈nIƒ ]ckv]cw AIep∂Xv

t]mse {]]©w almhn kvt^m

S\ tijw hnIkn°pIbmsW

∂mWv {ôUvams‚ Is≠Ø¬.

Atacn°≥ tPymXnimkv{X

⁄\mb FUzn≥ l_nƒ

KmeIvknIfn¬ \n∂p≈ {]Imi

sØ A]{KY\w sNbvX v

{]]©w hnIkn°pIbmsW∂v

Akμn[ambn sXfnbn°pIbp

≠mbn.

3) {]]©Øns‚ hnImk kt¶mNßƒ:˛

almhnkvt^mS\ tijap≈

{]]© hnImkw A\¥ambn

\o≠pt]mhp∂n√. \n›nX ]cn[n

Ign™m¬ Cu hnImkw \ne°p

Ibpw KpcpXzm I¿jW _ew

ta¬ ssI t\Sn {]]©w Npcp

ßm\mcw`n°pIbpw BZyL´

Øn¬ {]]©w D≠mb coXnbn¬

BbnXocpIbpw sNøpw. Cßs\

kt¶mNhnImkØns‚ Bh¿

Ø\ßfneqsSbmWv {]]©w

IS∂p t]mIp∂Xv F∂v

B[p\nI tImkvtamfPn

]dbp∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ Hcp

hN\w t\m°q ‘\mw

BImisØ {KŸØm fpIƒ

Npcp´p∂Xv t]mse Npcp ´p∂

\mfns\ Hm¿°pI. krjvSn ∏ns\

BZyw \mw Bcw`n®Xv t]mse

\mw AXv Bh¿Øn °pw. \ap°v

_m[yXs∏´ Hcp

hmKvZm\amWnXv . AXv \mw

\ndth‰pI Xs∂ sNøpw ’(21:105)4)Nen°p∂ tKmfßƒ :˛ ss__nƒ

`qan Nen°mØXpw CfIm

ØXpamb Hcp ÿeamsW∂v

]dbptºmƒ AXn¬ \n∂v

hyXykvXambn `qanbpw kqcy\pw

N{μ\paS°w BImi

tKmfßsf√mw Nen®p sIm≠n

cn°p∂p F∂mWv Jp¿B≥

]dbp∂Xv. ‘Ah\s{X cmhns\

bpw ]Iens\bpw kqcys\bpw

N{μt\bpw krjvSn ®Xv. Ah

Hmtcm∂pw Htcm {àW]YØn¬

k©cn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂p.

(bkv_ lq≥˛ \o¥n s°m≠ncn

°p∂p.) ’(21:34) Cu hN\Øn¬

{àW ]YßfneqsS \o¥ns°m

≠ncn°p∂p F∂ ]cma¿iw

hfsc {it≤bamWv. tKmfß

fpsS kzbw{àWw (Rotation)

]cn{IaWw (Revolution) t£m`

Ne\w (Perturbation) F∂o

hnhn[ XcØnep≈ Ne\ßsf

kq£vaambn kqNn∏n°m≥ ]‰nb

XmWv ‘bkv_lq≥’F∂ Ad_n

]Zw.

5)kqcys‚ Ne\w:˛ `qtI{μ

k n ≤ m ¥ Ø n s \ X n s c b p ≈

tIm∏¿\n°kns‚ kqcytI{μ

kn≤m¥w kqcy\v Np‰pw `qanb

S°ap≈ kucbqY {Klßƒ

kqcys\ hew sh°p∂p F∂v

]dbp∂p. F∂m¬ kqcys‚

Ne\sØ∏‰n khntijamsbmcp

]cma¿iamWv Jp¿B≥ \S

ØnbXv. kqcy≥ AXns‚ {àW

]YØneqsS Nen°pIbmsW

∂mWv Jp¿B≥ hy‡ambpw

]dbp∂Xv. kqcy\S °ap≈

\ΩpsS KmeIvknbn¬ sl¿

°pekv \£{X aWvUeØnse

thKkv \£{XØns‚ `mK

tØ°v aWn°qdn¬ 7,20,000 In.

ao thKØn¬ Hcp Znhkw

1,72 ,80 ,000 In. ao‰¿ kqcy≥

AXns‚ alm {àW]YØn¬

\ΩpsS KmeIvknbpsS tI{μ

sØ(Galactic center)B[mcam°n

{àWw sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°∂p.

kqcyt\msSm∏w `qanbpw kuc

bqYw apgph\pw k©cn°p∂p.

tkmfm¿ A]Ivkv(Solar Apex)F∂mWv Cu kuc]mX Adnb


s∏Sp∂Xv. kqcyNe\sØ]‰n

]cma¿iap≈ hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚

Hcp hN\w Cßs\bmWv.

‘kqcy≥ AXns‚ \n›nX

Znibnte°v k©cn®p sIm≠n

cn°p∂p.’(36:39) ‘kqcy\v N{μs\

FØn∏nSn°m\mhpIbn√. cmhv

]Iens\ adn IS°p∂Xpa√.

Hmtcm∂pw Hmtcm {àW

]YØn¬ k©cn®p sIm≠ncn

°p∂p.’ (36:41)

a‰p qanIƒ...?!!ssZhw Poh≥ F∂ hcZm\w

sIm≠v kº∂am°nb A\p{K

loXtKmfamWv `qan. [njWm

_≤amb PohntXm’hßfpsS

\nd]In´v sIm≠v at\mlcamWv

\ΩpsS qtKmfw. Cu qansb t]m

se Pohs‚ XpSn∏pIfpw hnImc

hnkvabßfpap≈ a‰p ssPh

tKmfßƒ {]]©Ønept≠m?

imkv{X temIw Xs∂ th≠{X

{i≤]Xn∏n°mØ Akm[mcW

amb Hcp hnjbsØ ]‰n \q‰m

≠pIƒ°v apºv AhXcn® hn

ip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ Hcp {]kvXmh

ap≠v. AXn{]ImcamWv ‘A√mlp

hmWv Ggv BImißsf krjvSn

®Xv. AhbpsSb{X qanItfbpw.

A√mlp Ah¿°nSbn¬ I¬∏\

Ifnd°p∂p. A√mlp F√m Im

cyØn\pw ]q¿WIgnhp≈h

\msW∂pw A√mlp kIe

hkvXp°sfbpw Adnhn\m¬

hebw sNbvXncn°p∂psh∂pw

\nßfdnbp∂Xn\v th≠n’(65:13X vko¿ klo¿, lZvdØv an¿km

_iodp±o≥ alvaqZv AlvaZv. )

Cu hN\Øn¬ `qansbt∏m

se PohnIfpsS Bhmkhyh

ÿ°v A\ptbmPyamb a‰p

{Klßƒ {]©Øneps≠∂v

Jp¿B≥ hy‡ambpw {]kvXm

hn°p∂p. B[p\nI tKmfimkv

{Xw qansbt]msebp≈ ssPh{K

lßƒ {]]©Øn¬ as‰hnsS

sb¶nepapt≠m F∂ At\zj

WØn\v Bcw`w Ipdn®ncn°

bmWv. {]]©Øn¬ Cßs\

\£{Xßƒ°v Np‰nepw \n›nX

AIeap≈ {àW hrØØn¬

`qansb t]msebp≈ tKmfßfn¬

PohnIƒ°v hkn°m\mhiyamb

Bhmk hyhÿ°v km≤yXI

fp≠v. CXns\bmWv B[p\nI

hm\imkv{Xw ‘PohtbmKyamb

\£{XtI{μnX ]cnhrØw’ Cir-cumstellar Habitable Zone (CHZ)F∂v ]dbp∂Xv. ]e \£{X

ßƒ°v Np‰pap≈ {àWhrØ

]cn]YØn¬ PohtaJ ebp≠v

(CHZ). B PohtaJebn¬ `qan

°v kam\amb {Klßfpw D≠v.

\mkbpsS sIπ¿ kvt]kv H_v

k¿th‰dn \SØnb \nco£W

ßfn¬ \ΩpsS KmeIvknbn¬

Xs∂ kqcys\ t]msebp≈

\£{Xßƒ°v Np‰pap≈ CØ

cw PohtaJe hrØØn¬ 4000

tImSn {Klßƒ Nen®p sIm≠ncn

°p∂Xmbn ]dbp∂p. AXn¬

A©n¬ H∂v hoXw \£{Xß

fpsS CHZ bn¬ `qan°p

kam\amb {Klßƒ D≠v.

KthjW hnZym¿YnIfpsS aq∂v

h¿jsØ ITn\amb A≤zm\

êambmWv CØcØnep≈ Hcp

Um‰ \mk°v e`n®Xv. (Far-OffPlanets Like the Earth Dot theGalaxy - By Dennis Overbye --- ,Newyork Times, 2013 Nov 4)ta¬{]kvXmhn® Jp¿B≥

hN\Øn¬ ‘Ggv BImißsf

bpw AhbpsSb{X `qanbpw’F∂ Jp¿B≥ {]tbmKw Bkv

t{SmWan°v Jp¿B≥ \¬Inb

Hcp Xmt°m¬ hm°mWv. Pohs‚

At\zjWØns‚ apt∂mSnbmbn

`qan°v Xpeyamb a‰p`panI

sfbmWv (Earth like planets)imkv{Xw At\zjn°p∂Xv.

{]]© {kjv Smhns‚ \q‰m

≠pIƒ°vapºp≈ hN\Ønse

kXyw hnkvabIcat√. ChnsS

‘Ggv ’ F∂ {]tbmKw

‘At\Iw ’F∂ A¿YØn¬

Ad_n mjbn¬ D]tbmKn°p∂

Hcp ssieo]Z amWv. At∏mƒ

At\Iw ùa {Klßƒ

{]]©Ønep≠v F∂

kqN\bmWv Jp¿B≥ \¬Ip

∂Xv. am{Xa√ AØcw Pohtbm

Kyamb ssPh tKmfßƒ D≠mh

Wsa¶n¬ B tKmfØn\v hew

sh°m≥ Hcp kqcy\pw a‰p

tKmfm¥cob kwhn[m\ßfpw

BhiyamWv. AXmWv `qanbpsS

BImiw F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v kqNn

∏n°p∂Xv.

kqcy\v Np‰pap≈ \ΩpsS

kucbqYØnte°v Xs∂ t\m

°q, AXn¬ BsI F´v {Kl

ßfp≈Xn¬ \mseÆw ùa{Kl

ßƒ (Terrestial planets) F∂mWv

Adnbs∏Sp∂Xv. AXmbXv ]e

LSIßfnepw qan°v kam\amb

{Klßƒ F∂mWv ‘sSdkvSnb¬

πm\‰v’F∂Xv sIm≠v A¿Yam°p

∂Xv. inem{Klßƒ (RockyPlanet) F∂pw ChAdnb

s∏Sp∂p. _p[≥, ip{I≥, `qan,

sNmΔ F∂nhbmWv B {Kl

ßƒ. t\csØ ]d™ Poh

taJ ebnemWv Cu {Klßfpw

N{μ\pw \n¬°p∂Xv. kucbq

YØn¬Xs∂ Ct∏mgsØ ua{K

l ßƒ Hcp ImeØv `qansb

t]mse Pehpw Poh\pw \ne

\n∂ncp∂psh∂pw GsX¶nepw

hn[Ønep≈ JtKmf {]Xn`m

kØm¬ Poh \miw kw`hn

®XmIm\pw aXn.

{ZhPew Pohs‚ ASbmfw{]]©Ønse PohtaJe

bnse PohtbmKyamb {Klß

fpsS At\zjWØns‚ apJy

am\ZWvUw {ZhPeØns‚

km∂n≤yamWv. CXn\v ImcWw

Pehpw Poh\pw XΩnep≈

At`Zy _‘amWv. ]Xn\mev

\q‰m≠pIƒ°v apºv AhXcn®

hnip≤ Jp¿B\nse Hcp hN\w

t\m°q. ‘Ncn°p∂ F√m PohnI

sfbpw A√mlp sh≈Øn¬

\n∂v krjvSn®ncn°p∂p’(24: 46).Jp¿Bs‚ Cu {]kvXmh\bpsS

am¿Kw ]n¥pS¿∂mWv B[p\nI

imkv{Xhpw \oßp∂Xv. {]]©

ØnsehnsSsb¶nepw Pohs‚

kv^pcWßƒ Dt≠m F∂v


tXSp∂ imkv{Xamb FIvtkm_

tbmfPn (Exobiology) BZyambn

At\zjn°pI Pekm∂n≤yam

Wv. AKm[amb A¿Yw Dƒs°m

≈p∂ as‰mcp Jp¿B≥ hN\w

ChnsS ho≠pw Bh¿Øn°p

IbmWv: ‘AhnizmknIƒ ImWp

∂nt√ BImißfpw `qanbpw

kwL\nXamb Hcp ]nWvU (cXv

J≥) ambncp∂p. ]n∂oSv \mw

AXns\ ]nf¿ØpIbpw (^Xv

J≥) sNbvXp. Poh\p≈ F√m‰n

t\bpw \mw PeØn¬\n∂v

D≠m°pIbpw sNbvXp’ (21:31)

t\csØ hnhcn®Xv t]mse

{]]©w BZnbn¬ Hcp IWcq

]Øn embncp ∂psh∂pw ]n∂oSv

almhn kvt^mS\ØneqsS tKmf

hyh ÿIƒ DSseSp Øpsh

∂pw Aßs\ Poh\v BZnXy

acpfnb Pekar≤amb `qan

\nehn¬ h∂psh∂pw Cu hN\w

Nq≠n°m´p∂p. am{Xa√ Pew

D¬]m Z n∏ n°m\ mhiya mb

ùXnI LSßƒ BZnbn¬

H∂mbn\n∂ncp∂ {_lvamWvU

IWØn¬ Xs∂ D≠mbncp∂p

sh∂pw Jp¿ B≥ kqNn∏n°p∂p.

At∏mƒ Pee`yX°mhiyamb

AØcw LSIßƒ CXc tKmf

\n¿anXn bnepw D≠mhmw.

ùXnIhpw tKmfm¥cobhpamb

A\pIqe LSIßfpsS

km∂n≤yØn¬ {ZhPew a‰p

tKmfßfnepw D≠m Im\p≈

km≤yXbnte°pXs∂ bmWv Cu

hN\w hnc¬ Nq≠p ∂Xv.

Pew aq∂v AhÿIfnemWv

ImWs∏Sp∂Xv. {ZmhIw(Pew)

hmXIw(Pe_mjv∏w), Jcw

(sFkv) `qanbn¬ Cu aq∂h

ÿIfnepw Pew ImWs∏Sp∂p.

{ZhPew AYhm sh≈amWv

Poh\v t\cn´ v klmbn°p∂

LSIw. Pew {Zhcq]Øn¬

\n¬°Wsa¶n¬ {]]© kwhn

[m\ Øn¬ Xs∂ \nch[n

A\pIqe LSIßfpw {IaoIc

Wßfpw thWw. AXmbXv a\p

jy Icßƒ°XoXamb AXn

k¶o¿W {]m]©nI k¥penXm

hÿbn¬ am{Xta \ΩpsS

Poh\v B[mcamb Pew {Zhcq]

Øn¬ `qanbn¬ \n¬°pIbp≈q.

AXmbXv `qan 23 .5 Un{Kn

Ncn™Xv sIm≠mWv, `qanbn¬

Pew Cu aq∂hÿIfnepw \ne

sIm≈p∂Xpw PeNw {IaW

ØneqsS (Water cycle) `qansb

PohtbmKyam°n am‰p∂Xpw.

AXvt]mse {ZhPe e`yX°v

A\pIqeamb as‰mcp LSIw

kqcy\n¬ \n∂p≈ \n›nX

AIeamWv. `qan kqcy\n¬

\n∂pw Ct∏mgp≈ {àW]Y

Øn¬ \n∂pw Ipd®p AI∂p

t]mbm¬ `qanbnse PeamsI

XWpØv sFkv Bbn amdpam

bncp∂p. AXpt]mse kqcy\p

ambn A¬∏w ASpØm¬ `qPew

apgph≥ Bhnbmbn t]mhpIbpw

sNøpambncp∂p. kqcys‚ \n

›nX AIew {àW ]YØn¬

AYhm PohtaJebn¬ (HabitualZone) \n¬°p∂Xv sIm≠mWv

`qan Pekar≤hpw PohtbmKy

hpamIp∂Xv . AXv t]mse

A¥co£ a¿Zw XpSßn tKmfm

¥cobhpw `qtKmfØn\IØp

Xs∂bp≈Xpamb \nch[n

A\pIqe LSIßfpsS kmI

eymhÿbnemWv `qanbn¬ Pew

\ne\n¬°p∂Xv. ]ca ImcpWn

I\mb A√mlp krjvSn® k¥p

enXamb B {_lvamWvU kwhn

[m\sØ kw_‘n®v Jp¿B≥

]dbp∂p: ‘BImisØ Ah≥

Db¿ ØpIbpw k¥pe\w

(aokm≥˛ Balance) ÿm]n°p

Ibpw sNbvXp’(55:8) ssZhØn\v

am{Xw krjvSn°m≥ Ignbp∂

tKmfm¥ cobamb Hcp {]]©

kwhn[\Øns‚ B\pIqeyw

sIm≠mWv Cu `qaWvUeØn¬

Pew \n¬°p∂Xv. AXvsIm

≠mWv as‰mcp hN\Øn¬

a\pjyt\mSv A√mlp tNmZn

°p∂Xv: ‘\nßƒ IpSn°p∂

sh≈sØ°pdn®v \nßƒ

\nco£n®n´pt≠m? \nßfmtWm

AXv taLØn¬ \n∂v

Cd°nbXv? ’ (56:69) ‘]dbpI

\nßƒ Nn¥n®n´pt≠m? \nß

fpsS sh≈w h‰nt∏mbm¬

HgpIp∂ ip≤Pew \nßƒ°v

BcmWv sIm≠v h∂p

XcnI’(67:31) hmkvXhØn¬ `qan

AXns‚ {àWhrØØn¬

\n∂pw A¬∏w amdn t]mbm¬

kw`hn°p∂ Zpc¥w \msam∂p

Hm¿Øp t\m°q. Jp¿B≥

]dbp∂p: ‘Xo¿®bmbpw BImi

ßsfbpw `qantbbpw AhbpsS

ÿm\ßfn¬ \n∂pw \oßnt∏m

ImXn°m≥ A√mlp ]nSn®p

\n¿Øp∂p. C\n Ah c≠pw

\oßn t]mIp∂Xmbm¬ Ah\p

]pdta Bcpw Xs∂ Ahsb

]nSn®p \n¿ØpIbn√. \n›b

ambpw Ah≥ kl\ ioe\pw

k¿hYm s]mdp°p∂ h\pam

Ip∂p ’ (35 :42) {àWhrØ

sam∂p amdnbm¬ Cu qan as‰mcp

`qanbmbn amdnt∏mhpw. AXn\p≈

km[yX \ΩpsS {]]©Øn¬

hfsc A[nIamWv. A√mlp

hns‚ ImcpWyw sIm≠mWv `qan

Cu Ahÿbn¬ \n¬°p∂Xv.

Cu hn[Øn¬ `qan A√mlp

krjvSn® Imew apX¬ tImSm\p

tImSn h¿jßfmbn IWnjamb

Hcp {àW ]YØneqsS \n›nX

thKØnemWv `qan k©cn®p

sIm≠ncn°p∂sX∂v Hcp

Jp¿B≥ hN\w kqNn∏n°p∂p

≠v. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: "BImi

hpw `qanbpw krjvSn® \mƒap

X¬ A√lphns‚ \nbaa\p

kcn®v amkßfpsS FÆw

]{¥≠mIp∂p' (9:36) Hcp ]t£

`mhnbn¬ {àW hrØw amdntbm

a‰p tKmfm¥c Zpc¥ßƒ kw`

hnt®mJnbmaØn\v Xpeyamb

as‰mchÿbnte°v `qan amdn

sb∂pw hcmw. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp

∂p: ‘Cu `qan as‰mcp `qanbmbn

am‰s∏Sp∂ \mfn¬ (A{]Imcw)

BImihpw am‰s∏Sp∂\mfn¬’(XpScpw)


sshhmlnImhImiØn¬\n∂v

kzm`mhnIambpw D]e–amIp∂

AhImiamWv hnhml tamN\m

hImiw. hnhmltamN\w F∂m¬

\nba]cambpw A¥naambpw

hnhmlw Ahkm\n∏n°emWv.

ASnÿm\]cambn hnhmltamN

\w F∂Xv Hcp \nba {]{Inbbm

Wv. ]¶mfnsb Dt]£n®p sIm

t≠m As√¶n¬ A\u]NmcnI

ambn t]mepw hnhml_‘w th¿

s]SpØmhp∂XmWv. F∂m¬

\nba]camb AwKoImcan√msX

ZºXnIƒ hnhmltamNnXcm

bXmbn IW°m°s∏Sp∂n√. 1

Unthmgvkv (Divorce) F∂

]Zw em‰n\n¬ \n∂v \njv]∂

amWv. th¿]ncnb¬, th¿s]Sp

Ø¬, KXnamd¬ (dictur adivertendo, quio viz. divertiturabuxore) F∂nßs\ A¿Yß

fp≈ em‰n\nse ‘Divoriitum aqe

]ZØn¬ \n∂pamWv Unthmgvkv

Dcphw sIm≠Xv . 2 hnhml

_‘w \nba ]cambn th¿s]Sp

Øm≥ km[yamhp∂ Hcp \nba

cq]amWv Unthmgvkv (hnhml

tamN\w). tkzNvObm¬ hnhml

_‘Øn\v hncmaanSp∂ hyh

ÿm]nX am¿KamWXv . Dt]

£n®pt]mh¬, th¿]ncnb¬

F∂nßs\ tkzNvObm¬ hn

hmltamN\w km[nXamhp∂

CXc am¿Kßƒ thsdbpap≠v.

F∂m¬ Unthmgvkv a‰p hnhml

tamN\ am¿Kßfn¬ \n∂v hyXy

kvXamhp∂Xv, AXv HutZymKn

Iambn kvt‰‰nt‚tbm `cWIqS

Øns‚tbm kΩXnbp≈Xpw hn

hml ]¶mfnIsf ]p\¿ hnhml

Øn\v A\phZn°p∂XmWv.3

an®ens‚ A`n{]mb {]Imcw

Unthmg vkv AYhm hnhml

tamN\w F∂Xv hnhmlw

km[phmsW∂v AwKoIcn®Xn\v

tijw hnhml ]¶mfnIfpsS

PohnXImeØv Xs∂ Ah¿

H‰bmbn th¿XncnbpIbpw ]p\¿

hnhmlØn\v kzmX{¥yap≠m

bncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp

{]{InbbmWv. 4 kaqlØn\v

\∑Iƒ DZ v]mZn∏n°m\pw

kp`{Zamb Hcp IpSpw_

PohnXØn\pw th≠n cq]I¬

∏\ sNbvX Hcp {]{InbbpsS

`mKamWv hnhml tamN\w

F∂mWv tUm. ]ot‰g vk¨

Unthmgvkns\ IW°m°p∂Xv.5

Unthmgvkv F∂Xv IqSpX¬

\√Xpw kt¥mj {]Zhpamb

c≠mw hnhmlØn\p≈ Xømsd

Spt∏m As√¶n¬ A\p`htam

BsW∂mWv At±lw hnNmcn

°p ∂Xv. s{^m^. Ibv ]dbp∂Xv,

Unthmgvkv F∂Xv ZºXnamcn¬

CcphcptSbpw ]cmPbhpw A]

{`wihpamWv F∂mWv. A\ymb

°mcs‚ \njv°f¶Xbnepw

{]XnbpsS Ip‰Ønepw sIń]Sp

Øv hnhml tamN\sØ ]‰nbp

≈ {]NmcØnep≈ {]_eamb

\nba kn≤m¥w Ah¿ \ncmIcn

°p∂p.6 IpSpw_Øns‚ sFIyw

inYneam°p∂Xn\m¬ Xo¿®

bmbpw hnhml tamN\w Hcp

kmaqlnI Xn∑bmWv. {]XnIq

eamb kmaqlnI kmºØnI

]cnÿnXIfpsSbpw AXpt]mse

hy‡nIfpsS am\knIamb

AkzÿXIfpsSbpw kpZo¿

Lamb sshhmlnI Akzmcky

ßfpsSbpw êamWv hnhml

hnhml tamN\w:

ZmºXyw F∂Xv kvt\l kwk‡nepw ]ckv]c hnizm

kØnepw acWw hsc XpStc≠ ]mh\amb Hcp PohnX

{]{InbbmWv. ]t£ Akzmckyßfpw kwL¿jßfpw

Bhn¿`hn®m¬ hnhmltamN\ØneqsS a\pjy

PohnXsØ kzX{¥am°pIbpw thWw. hnhml \nba

ßƒ am\hobhpw ]ptcmKa\ ]chpamIp∂Xv Ahn

sSbmWv. hnhml tamN\\nbaØns‚ Ncn{Xhpw

kmwKXyhpw teJI≥ hnhcn°p∂p.

tUm. Iuk¿ FS∏IØv

\nbahpw Ncn{Xhpw


tamN\w. Hcp hnhmlw \S∂p

Ign™m¬ kam[m\]cambpw

BtcmKyIchpamb A¥co£

Ønep≈ AXns‚ XpS¿®

hy‡n t\cn´pw kaqlw s]mXp

hmbpw hfsctbsd {i≤ ]Xn

∏nt°≠ ImcyamWv . Xo¿®

bmbpw ZmºXyw amXrIm]cam

bncn°Ww. ]camh[n PohnXm

¥yw hsc \ońs°m≠pt]mIp∂

Xpambncn°Ww. ]t£ hnhmlw

F∂Xv c≠v a\pjy¿ XΩnep≈

]ckv]c _‘amWv. AXvsIm≠v

B _‘w Nnecnse¶nepw scp

ImcWw sIm≠s√¶n¬ as‰mcp

ImcWØm¬ XIcp∂p. ZmºXyw

Hcn°epw ]q¿h \nebn¬ {]m]n

°n√ F∂ t_m≤yØn¬ hn

hml ]¶mfnIƒ hnhml _‘w

Ahkm\n°m≥ B{Kln°pI

F∂Xv kzm`mhnIamWv. AØcw

kμ¿`ßfnemWv hnhml tamN

\w F∂ k¶¬∏w cq]s∏Sp∂Xv.

F√m IpSpw_ hyhÿIfnepw

IpSpw_ Ielßƒ ]cnlcn®v

`{Zamb IpSpw_w \ne\n¿Øm≥

Nne D]mbßƒ BhnjvIr

Xambn´p≠v F∂Xn¬ kwib

an√. F¶nepw Ipg∏ßƒ DSseSp

°mw. AXpsIm≠v CjvSan√msX

ZmºXy PohnXw \bn°p∂ \n¿

_‘nXmhÿbn¬ \n∂v hy‡n

sb c£n°p∂Xn\v GsX¶nepw

cq]Øn¬ km¿h{XnIambn \ne

sIm≈p∂ Hcp D]m[nbmWv

hnhmltamN\w.7

Ncn{X ]›mØewhnhmltamN\w F∂ k¶

¬∏w hfsc ]ucmWnIamWv.

AXns‚ DZv`hw Is≠Øm≥

km≤ya√. bYm¿YØn¬ hnhml

tamN\Øn\p≈ A[nImcw `¿

Ømhn¬ am{Xambncp∂p \n£n

]vXambncp∂Xv. mcy°v bmsXmcp

kmlNcyØnepw hnhml tamN

\w Bhiys∏Sm≥ AhImi

an√mbncp∂p. \mKcnIXbpsS

D¬KXnsIm≠pw BibßfpsS

]ptcmKXnsIm≠pw kv{XoIfpsS

Ahÿbn¬ Hcp ]cn[nhsc

]ptcmKXnbp≠mbn. tdma≥

N{Ih¿Ønam¿ hnhmlhpw

hnhml tamN\hpw kw_‘

amb Hcp ]≤Xnbmhnjv°cn

°pw hsc Ah¿ B AhImiw

D]tbmKn®p hcnIbpw sNbvXp.tlmadpsS ImeL´Øn¬ {Ko

kn¬ hnhml tamN\Øn\mbn

Hcp ÿm]\an√mbncp∂p. ]n∂oSv

{Kokn¬ hnhml tamN\w hym]

Iambn h∂p. AYo\nb≥ \nba

{]Imcw `¿Ømhn\v AbmfpsS

`mcysb Abmƒ B{Kln°p

tºmƒ bmsXmcp ImcWhpw

t_m[n∏n°msX Dt]£n°mw.

adn®v `mcy°v hnhml tamN\w

Bhiys∏SWsa¶n¬ AXv Hcp

`cWm[nImcn°v (Archon) ap

ºn¬ ka¿∏nt°≠Xp≠v. Ahƒ

°vhnhml tamN\Øns‚ ImcW

ßƒ t_m[n∏n°pIbpw thWw.9

]pcmX\ blqZ \nba {]Imcw

Hcp `¿Ømhn\v `mcybn¬ Fs¥

¶nepw XcØnep≈ A\njvSw

D≠mbm¬ Ahsf GXv hnt[\

bpw Ft∏mƒ thWsa¶nepw

hnhml tamN\w sNømw.

Abmƒ°v Cu A[nImcØn\v

hfsc Ipd™ {]Xn_‘tabp

≈q, As√¶n¬ bmsXmcp {]Xn_

‘hpan√. tdma°msc t]mse

Xs∂ ]pcmX\ AYo\nb°m¿

°pw CkvdmtbenIƒ°p≈Xv

t]mse hnhml tamN\Øn\p≈

`¿Ømhns‚ A[nImcw ]cn[nbn

√mØXmbncp∂p. ]n¬°meØv

CkvdmtbenIƒ°nSbnse imssa

‰pIƒ (Sahammaites) hnhml

tamN\ \nbaw {]mh¿ØnI

am°p∂Xn¬ Nne \n_‘\Iƒ

sh®p sIm≠v Hcp ]cn[nhsc

]cnjv°cn°pIbp≠mbn. ]t£

C{ktbenIfnse lnt√¬

hn`mKw (Hillel) AXns‚ ]ucm

WnI Im¿°iytØmsS hnhml

tamN\ \nbaw XpScpIbmWp

≠mbXv.

20˛mw \q‰mt≠mSpIqSn tdma≥

Imt\m\nI \nbaßfn¬ ]Xp

s° am‰ßƒ D≠mbn. tdma≥

\nbaßfn¬ hnhmltamNn

X\mb Hcmfpambp≈ hnhmlw

XS™psh°pambncp∂p. ]t£

]≈nIfn¬ sh®v Hu]Nmcn

Iamb Bio¿hmZ ip{iqj\¬

Inbncp∂p.

Atacn°bn¬ Unthmgvkn\v

Cw•≠nteXv t]mse Htc A¿Yw

Xs∂bmWp≈Xv. kzmX{¥y

Øn\v apºv hS°≥ Atacn°

bnse {_nójv tImf\nIfn¬

hnhml tamN\w Akwªn

]m m°nb \nbaw aptJ\

am{Xambncp∂p km[nXambncp

∂Xv. C‰en, kvs]bn≥, Ab¿

e≠v, t]m¿´pK¬ F∂o cmPy

ßfn¬ kºq¿W hnhmltam

N\w \nba]cambn km≤ya√m

bncp∂p. ImcWw ChnSßfn¬

]pcmX\ tdma≥ ItØmen°m

k`bpsS kzm[o\w \ne\n¬

°p∂ cmPyßfmbncp∂p. 1973

emWv C‰en AhcpsS knhn¬

\nbaØn\v Iogn¬ hnhml

tamN\w AwKoIcn®Xv. {^m≥

kn¬ hnπhØn\v apºv hnhml

tamN\w \nb{¥n®ncp∂Xv tdma≥

Imt\m≥ \nbaambncp∂p. hnhm

lw th¿]ncnbm≥ IgnbmØ

H∂mbmWv Imt\m≥ \nbaw

KWn®Xv. 1972 ¬ {^m≥knse

\nbaa\pkcn®v hnhmlw Hcp

knhn¬ Icmdmbn {]Jym]n°p

Ibpw hnhml tamN\w hfsc

Ff p∏ a m° pIb p a p≠mb n .

sÛd¬ dn∏ªn°v Hm^v P¿a\n

bn¬ hnhmltamN\Øn\v Imc

WamIp∂ sshhmlnI Ip‰

ßƒ {^m≥knepw a‰p bqtdm

]y≥ cmPyßfnepap≈Xv t]mse

bm°pIbp≠mbn. 1966 ¬ tkm

hy‰v hnhml \nbaßfnepw am‰w

h∂p. P\IobtImSXnIƒ AXn

s‚Nne A[nImcßƒ Xncn®p

]nSn®p. AXv ImcWw hnhml

tamN\Øn\p≈ A[nImcw

Ah¿°v XncnsI e`n°pIbp

≠mbn. ssN\bn¬ 1930 se \nb

aa\pkcn®v ]ckv]c kΩX


tØmsS c≠p km£nIƒ kln

Xw FgpXn ka¿∏n®m¬ hnhmlw

tamN\w A\phZn°p∂XmWv.

hy`nNmc Ip‰Øn\p≈ tImSXn

bnepw (The Court for adultery )hnhml tamN\w A\phZn°p

∂XmW.v 1949 ¬ ]o∏nƒkv dn∏

ªn°v Hm^v ssN\bn¬ ssN\o

kv IpSpw_ \nba{]Imcw P\

Iob tImSXnbnse FP≥kn

apJm¥cw ]ckv]c kΩX

tØmsS hnhml tamN\w A\p

hZn°p∂XmWv. 1949 ¬ ssN\okv

]o∏nƒkv s]mfn‰n°¬ I¨kƒ

t´‰ohv tIm¨{^≥kv kzoIcn®

s]mXp ]cn]mSn A\pkcn®v

`mcy°pw `¿Ømhn\pw hnhml

tamN\Øn\v XpeymhImiw

A\phZn°pIbp≠mbn. P∏m\n

se 1947se \yq knhn¬ tImUv

{]Imcw D`bkΩXtØmsS hnhm

ltamN\w sNømhp∂XmWv.

hy`nNmcw, Dt]£n®p t]mI¬

F∂o ImcWßfmepw hnhml

tamN\w sNømhp∂XmWv.11

hnimeamb Hcp cmPyw F∂

\ne°v C¥ybn¬ hnhmltamN\

k¶¬∏w PmXnIƒ tXmdpw tZi

ßƒ tXmdpw {]XnP\`n∂amWv.

lnμp \nba {]Imcw hnhmlw

F∂Xv Znhyamb Hcp BNmc

amWv. AXv A\izchpw Ahn

On∂hpamb ]mh\ kwKaambn

´mWv IcpXs∏ńcp∂Xv12. lnμp

kwkv°mc {]Imcw hnhml

_‘w Cu PohnXØn¬ am{Xa√

acWm\¥cap≈ PohnXØnepw

XpScp∂ _‘amWv.13 G‰hpw

ITn\amb kmlNcyØn¬ t]m

epw hnhml tamN\w A\phZn°

s∏ńcp∂n√. \mcZ≥ AYhm

]cmic≥, `¿XraXnbmb as‰mcp

kv{Xosb thƒ°m≥ A\phZn

°s∏ńcp∂p. AØcØnep≈

kw`hØn\v t]mepw hnhml

taN\w lnμp \nbaØn¬ ÿm]n

°s∏Sm≥ Ign™nń√.14 XpS°w

apX¬ IuSney\pw CtX A`n

{]mbw Xs∂bmWv {]ISn∏n®Xv.

F∂m¬ Ccp ]¶mfnIƒ°pw

]ckv]cw shdp∏msW¶n¬

th¿]ncnb¬ km≤yamWv F∂

DZmc kao]\Øns‚t\cnb

h¿Ww AXn\p≠mbncp∂p.15

Unthmg vkv F∂ ]ZØn\v

km[mcW Cw•ojnep≈ A¿Y

I¬∏\ c≠p kl{klm_vZ

ßfmbn lnμpimkv{Xßƒ°pw

lnμp kaqlØn\pw A\yamWv.

{]mtZinIambn Xmgv∂ PmXn

°m¿°nSbnsemgnsI.16 ]pcmX\

lnμp \nba {]Imcw hy`nNmcn

Wnbmb `mcysb t]mepw hnhm

ltamN\w sNøm≥ A\phmZ

ap≠mbncp∂n√. Xmgv∂ PmXn

bn¬s∏´ ]pcpj∑mcpambn ssew

KnI thg v®bn¬ G¿s∏ń´p

s≠¶n¬ am{Xw Ahsf in£n

°mhp∂XmWv. hy`nNmc êam

bn Ahƒ K¿`nWnbmsb¶n¬

am{Xw Ahƒ Dt]£n°s∏Sm

hp ∂XmWv. Aßs\ h∂m¬

`¿Ømhn\v `mcysb Dt]£n

°mw. ]t£ F¥pXs∂bmbm

epw mcy°v ¿Ømhns\ Dt]£n

°mt\m AhfpsS `¿Ømhv acn

®m¬ t]mepw ]p\¿hnhml

Ønt\mhmkvXhØn¬ A\phmZ

an√mbncp∂p. \nb]cambn hnhm

ltamN\w Hcn°epw A\phZn°

s∏ńcp∂n√. F∂m¬ cmPyØn

s‚ hnhn[ mKßfn¬ BNmc]c

ambn hnhmltamN\w Ft∏mgpw

FhnsSbpw A\phZn°s∏Sp

Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p. acpa°Øm

b \nbaØn¬ hnhmltamN\w

B\phZn°s∏ńcp∂p. Cu k{º

ZmbØn¬ BZyambn \mb¿ s]

Ïpń Hcp {_mlvaWbphm

hpambn km[mcW \nebn¬

]q¿Wambpw A\pjvTm\]camb

hnhmlw \S°p∂p. DS≥ Xs∂

BNmc]camb hnhmltamN\

hpw \S°p∂p. AXn\v tijw

Ahƒ°v ‘kw_‘Øn¬’ {]th

in°mhp∂XmWv..17 lnμp[¿aim

kv{Xßƒ acWm\¥cw t]mepw

\ne\n¬°p∂ hnhmlØns‚

AhnOn∂Xbpw ZnhyXzk¶¬

∏hpw Bh¿Øn®mh¿Øn®v

]Tn∏n°p∂p≠v.

{ItaW lnμp Znhy∑m¿

{]kvXpX k¶¬∏w DZmch¬

°cn°pIbp≠mbn. ]cnanX

hrØØn¬ hnhml tamN\w

A\phZn°pIbpw sNbvXp.

hknjvT ap\nbpsS A`n{]mb

{]Imcw kz`mh Zqjyap≈ Hcp

hy‡nbpamtbm iWvT\pamtbm

A‘\pamtbm am\knI tcmKn

bpamtbm aX\ntj[nbpamtbm

D≈ hnhml \n›bw sNbvXm¬

AXv th¿s∏SpØmhp∂XmWv.

aX]camb CØcw D]mJym\

ßfneqsS hnhml _‘w th¿

s∏SpØm≥ ]mSn√ F∂Xv t]m

sebp≈ lnμp hnhmlØnse

kwkvImc LSIßƒ (samskaricelement) {]mYanIambn XIcpI

bp≠mbn. 1856 se lnμp hn[hm

]p\¿hnhml \nbaw (HinduWidow Remarriage Act, 1856)]m mbtXmsS lnμp kwkvImc

k¶¬∏ßƒ°v ho≠pw {]lc

ta¬°s∏SpIbp≠mbn18.

C¥y kzmX{¥ambXn\v ti

jw hnhml tamN\ ImcyØn¬

FIoIrXknhn¬ tImUn\m

bp≈ ]pXnb BhiyØn\v

i‡nIqSnhcnIbp≠mbn. lnμp

kv{Xo A\p`hn°p∂ ZpcnX

ßfmWv Cu BhiyßfpsS

]n∂nse NmeIi‡nbmbn h¿

Øn°p∂Xv. lnμp aXØn¬ Hcp

henb P\hn`mKw hnhml tamN

\Øns\Xncmbn \n∂ncp∂p. a‰p

aXßfnse hnhml \nbaßfn¬

CSs∏SmXncn°¬ \bw kzoI

cn°p∂ ]m¿esa‚ v hnhml

tamN\Øn\mbp≈ \nba hIp

∏pambn lnμp aXØn¬ CSs]Sp

∂p F∂Xnembncp∂p. AhcpsS

apJyamb FXn¿∏v. ]m¿esa‚n¬

\nch[n NqSp]nSn® hmZ{]Xn

hmZßƒ°v tijw lnμp kaql

Ønepw hnhmltamN\ \nbaw

sIm≠phcm≥ Kh¨sa‚ n\v

Ign™p. 1955 se lnμp amtcyPv

BIv‰n¬ hnhmltamN\w hn`m

h\ sNøs∏´p. Cu \nbaw 1869


se Cw•ojv \nbaØns‚ ]›m

Øehpw 1869 se C¥y≥ Un

thmgvkv BIv‰pw A\p[mh\w

sNbvXp sIm≠p≈XmWv.19 CXv

1956, 1960, 1964, 1976, 1978 F∂o

h¿jßfn¬ t`ZKXn sNøp

Ibp≠mbn. Cu \nbaw a\p

hns‚ kpÿm]nX \nbaßfn¬

\n∂v hyXykvXamWv. c≠v \q‰m

≠pIfmbn A\p`hn®p sIm≠n

cp∂ {_nójv cWhpw ]m›mXy

hnZym`ymkhpw C¥y≥ a\ p

Ifn¬ k∂nthin∏n® t_m[w

aqew kaImeo\ ]m›mXy \mK

cnIXbpambn XZmXvayw {]m]n

°m\p≈ Hcp {iaw Cu \nba

\n¿amW {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ Im

Wmw. Hcp Imcyw hfsc hy‡

amWv. hfsc henb Hcp P\hn

`mKØn\v hne°s∏ńcp∂ hnhm

l tamN\Øn\p≈ ]cnlmcw

Cu \nbaßƒ sIm≠p hcnI

bp≠mbn. XpS¿∂p \S∂ \nba

t`ZKXnIfpw {]tXyIn®v 1976 se

t`ZKXn hnhml tamN\ \nba

Ønse hIp∏pIƒ DZmcam °pI

bp≠mbn.20 1976 ¬ t`ZKXn sNø

s∏´ 1955 se lnμp \nbaw

Unthmgvkn\p≈ Ip‰ kn≤m¥w

(guilt theory of divorce )7 Ip‰

ßfpsS ASnÿm\ßƒ t`ZKXn

sNøs∏´p. hy`nNmcw, Alnμp

aXØnte°p≈ ]cnh¿Ø\w,

amdmØ _p≤n {àw AYhm

am\knI tcmKw, amdmØ IpjvT

tcmKw, ]Icp∂ ssewKnI tcmK

ßƒ, k\ymk Zo£ kzoIcn

°¬ (Hcp k\ymk {IaØn¬

{]thin®p sIm≠v temI

hnc‡amb PohnXw \bn°¬)

acn®p t]mbn F∂v A\pam\n

°¬ F∂nhbmWh. ZpcnXß

fmWv Cu BhiyßfpsS ]n∂n

se NmeIi‡nbmbn h¿Øn°q

∂Xv. lnμp aXØn¬ Hcp henb

P\hn`mKw hnhml tamN\

Øns\ Xncmbn \n¬°p∂p. a‰p

aXßfnse 1964 se lnμp hnhml

t`ZKXn \nbaØn¬ 13˛mw

hIp∏ns‚ 1(A) D]hIp∏v hnhm

lnXcmbh¿°v hnhmltamN\

Øn\v At]£ ka¿∏n°m\p≈

AhImiØn\mbn ZmºXy XI¿

®m kn≤¥w ]cnNbs∏SpØp

∂p≠v. AXv {]Imcw tImSXn

I¬∏n® hnSpX¬ PohnXØn\v

(Judicial Separation) tijw c≠v

h¿jtam AXne[nItam Imew

hnhml ]¶mfnIƒ°v klPoh

\w ]p\ÿm]n°m≥ IgnbmsX

hcnItbm As√¶n¬ ZmºXym

hImißƒ ]p\ÿm]n°W

sa∂v (Restitution of ConjugalRights)v tImSXn hn[n®n´pw c≠v

h¿jtam AXne[nItam Imeam

bn´pw ZmºXymhImißƒ ]p\

ÿm]n°mXncn°pItbm sNbv

Xm¬ hnhml ]¶mfnIƒ°v

hnhmltamN\w Ahiys∏Sm≥

AhImiap≠v. 1976 se hnhml

\nba t`ZKXn BIv‰v skIvj≥

13(b) 1976 Dƒs∏SpØpIbp≠m

bn. AXv {]Imcw D`bI£n Ifp

sSbpw kΩX {]Imcw hnhml

tamN\w AwKoIcn°s∏Sp∂

XmWv.

]pcmX\ tdma≥ \nba {]

Imcw ({InkvXp aXØn\v apºp

≈ tdma≥ \nbaw) hnhmlhpw

hnhml tamN\hpw A\nhmcy

ambpw Hcp kzImcy {]h¿

Ø\ambmWv IcpXnbncp∂Xv.

hnhml _‘Øn¬ {]thin®

F√m tdma≥ ]uc\pw AXv

d±m°m\pw kzmX{¥yap≠v.

]t£ {InkvXp aXØns‚

Bhn¿`mhtØmsS temIw apgp

h≥ hnhmlw Hcp Znhym\p jvTm

\ (Sacrament- IqZmi) ambnamdn.

AtXmS\p_‘n®v hnhmlw

th¿s]SpØm≥ ]mSn√mØ _‘

amWv F∂ kn≤m¥hpw {]Ncn

°s∏´p. hnhml ImcyßfpsS

]ctam∂X A[nImcn tdma≥

k`bmbn amdn. hnhml _‘w

]mh\hpw tIhehpamb H∂m

sW∂pw th¿s]SpØm≥ ]mSn√m

ØXmsW∂pap≈ Imt\m\nI

\nbaßƒ {]Jym]n°pIbpw

I¬∏n°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp.

hnhmltØmSpIqSn ssZh {]hr

Ønbm¬ kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw

Hcp amwkambn Xocp∂p. hnhm

lw Znhyamb Hcp _‘ambn

amdp∂p. AXv Hcp. Znhym\pjvTm\

(IqZmi)hpamWv . ‘hnhmlw

kz¿KØn¬ \S°p∂p’ F∂Xv

Hcp kmchhmIyamWv. AXv

sIm≠v C{]Imcw {]Jym]n°

s∏ńcn°p∂p. ‘ssZhw Iqń tN¿

ØXns\ a\pjy\v th¿s]Sp

Øm≥ A[nImcan√.’F∂v. F¶n

epw hnhmlw Hcp Icm¿ Bbn

Xs∂bmWv apt∂m´v t]mIp∂Xv.

AXv Znhyhpw ]mh\hpamb Hcp

kpÿm]nXmNmcw IqSnbmWv.

hnhmlw F∂Xv BXvamhpw ico

chpw XΩn¬ Ahncmaw XpScp∂

\nKqVmXvaIamb bpKvamhÿ

bmWv.21

(XpScpw˛ hnh: F.Fw)

lZvdØv A_qlpdbvd (d) \nthZ\w sNøp∂p. \_n

(k) ]d™p: Hcmƒ Hcp kv{Xosb thƒ°p∂Xv \mev

Imcyßsf ap≥\ndpØnbmbncn°pw. AhfpsS kºØv,

AhfpsS Ipealna, AhfpsS kuμcyw, AhfpsS

[¿a\njvT. \o [¿a\njvTbp≈ kv{Xosb thƒ°pI.

Aßs\bmbm¬ \ns‚ ssI sNfn ]pcfpIbn√.

(_plmcn apkvenw)


bm{XIƒ Adnhpw B\μ

hpamWv. kz]v\hpw bmYm¿Yy

hpamWv. At\zjWhpw Is≠

ØepamWv. ]cnip≤ Jp¿B\n

se ap∏Xmw A≤ymbØn¬ 43˛mw

hN\Øn¬ Cßs\sbmcp ]cma

¿iap≠v. ‘\nßƒ qanbn¬ k©cn°pI. F∂n´v \nßƒ°v apºp≈hcpsS ]cyhkm\w Fßs\bmbncp∂psh∂v t\m°pI....’

as‰mcnSØv 67˛mw A≤ymbw

16˛mw hN\Øn¬ ]dbp∂Xv

t\m°pI:

‘Ah\s{X `qansb \nßƒ°vIogvs∏SpØnbh≥. AXvsIm≠v

AXns‚ hgnIfn¬ IqSn \nßƒk©cn°pIbpw Ah≥ \¬Inb hn`hßfn¬ \n∂v `£n°pIbpw sNbvXp sIm≈pI..’

c≠v lZokv hN\ßƒ IqSn

\ap°v {i≤n°mw. ‘\nßƒ ssN\

bn¬t]msb¶nepw hnZy (Adnhv)

Icÿam°pI...’, ‘⁄m\wIc

ÿam°phm≥ bm{X sNøp∂

hcpsS ta¬ ae°pIƒ Ahcp

sS XWepIfm¬ XW¬ \¬

Ipw..’temIsØ an° F√m {][m\

cmPyßfpw apJy \Kcßfpw

]et∏mgmbn kμ¿i\ ]cn

[nbn¬ Dƒs∏´psh∂v F\n°v

A`nam\ ]q¿hw ]dbm≥ Ignbpw.

F´v bm{Xm hnhcW ]pkvXI

ßƒ CXn\Iw cNn®n´p≠v. CXv

Fs‚ HºXmasØ ]pkvXI

Ønse hnjbßfpw hnhcW

ßfpamWv. {]km[\w sNøp

tºmƒ Cu bm{Xm ]pkvXI

Øn\v \¬Im≥ Dt±in °p∂

t]cv ‘amenbnse kz]v\ a’yw’F∂mWv. F≥. _n. Fkv. BWv

Cu ]pkvXIØns‚ {]km[I¿.

amen F∂ amen Zzo]ns\ ]‰n

]dbm≥ Gsdbp≠v. Fs∂ kw

_‘n®nStØmfw temI k©mc

Øn\v XpS°w Ipdn°p∂Xv Cu

sNdnb Zzo]v cmjv{S kμ¿i\

tØmsSbmWv. AXmIs´ Ct∂

°v aq∂v ]Xn‰m≠n\∏pdw 1982

amen bm{Xs°mcmapJw{]ikvX k©mckmlnXyImc≥ F. Iyp. alvZn kmln_v

Xs‚ bm{Xm\p`hßƒ hnhcn°p∂p.

F. Iyp alvZn


embncp∂p. Xncph\¥]pcØp

≈ Hcp kvt\lnX\psamØmWv

A∂v amen°v ]d∂Xv. tIhew

aq∂v ZnhksØ kμ¿i\w am{X

ambncp∂p Dt±iyw. F√m bm{X

Ifpw \SØnbn´p≈Xv {Smh¬

Iº\nIƒ G¿s∏SpØp∂ Sq¿

] m t ° P p I f n e q s S b m W v .

F∂m¬ 1982 se B amen bm{X

Aßs\bmbncp∂n√. \ΩpsS a‰v

c≠v Ab¬ cmPyßfmb {ioe¶

bnepw t\∏mfnepw kμ¿i\w

\SØnbXpw Sq¿ ]mt°Pn¬

]s¶Sp°msXbmbncp∂p. ]n∂o

Sp≈ F√m cmPyßfnepw Atacn

°bpw bqtdm∏pw B{^n°bpw

Dƒs∏sS t]mbXv hnhn[ {Smh¬

Iº\nIƒ Hcp°n X∂ Sq¿

]mt°PpIfn¬ ]s¶SpØmWv.

amenbnse Cu bm{Xm hnhc

WØn¬ c≠v Ime L´ßfnse

kw`hmhnjv°mcap≠v. 1982

sebpw ]n∂oSv c≠masXmcn°¬

IqSn kμ¿i\w \SØnb 2010

sebpw. Cu c≠mw bm{X IpSpw

_ ktaXambncp∂p.

c≠masØ amen bm{X°p ]n

∂n¬ hensbmcp Dt±iyw IqSnbp

≠mbncp∂p. Hcp k_va dn≥

(A¥¿hmln\n) Sn°s‰SpØm¬

Hcp apßn°∏en¬ BgnbpsS

AKm[XIfn¬ k©cn°m≥

amenbn¬ Ahkcaps≠∂v C‚¿

s\‰n¬ \n∂v AdnhpIn´pIbmbn

cp∂p. PohnXØnsemcn°epw

t\cn¬ ImWm≥ t]mepw Ahk

cap≠mhmØ, SnhnbneqsS am{Xw

I≠n´p≈ apßn°∏en¬ bm{X

sNøm≥ IsøØpw ZqcØv Ah

kcw h∂t∏mƒ Hgnhm°m\m

hmsX AXn\v Hcpßn ]pds∏Sp

Ibmbncp∂p. CØcsamcp

hnhcw C‚¿s\‰neqsS Inńbt∏m

bmWv C¥ybn¬ BZysØ ko

sπbn\n¬ Ibdm\pw hfsc

A]q¿hamb A≠¿ ko hm°n

eqsS (Under Sea Walk) Hcp

\SØØn\pambn B¥am\nte

°v hnam\w IbdnbXv. ISens‚

ASnbn¬ \m¬∏Xv ASn Bg

Øn¬ \S∂p \oßm\p≈ Hch

kchpw kμ¿`hpamWv B[p

\nI kuIcyßfpsS ]›mØ

eØn¬ A≠¿ko hm°neqsS

Hcp°nbncn°p∂Xv.

apsºmcn°¬ t\∏mfn¬ t]m

bt∏mgpw {ioe¶ kμ¿in®t∏m

gpwD≠mb Ahkchpw A\p`

hhpw t]mse, B¥am\nepw

RßfhnsS D≠mbncp∂ Znhk

ßfnsem∂v sh≈nbmg v®bm

bncp∂p. BbXn\m¬ Cu aq∂v

tZißfn¬ AXmbXv t\∏mfnepw

{ioe¶bnepw B¥am\nepw

\ΩpsS AlvaZnøm PamAØp

Iƒ kμ¿in°phm\pw sh≈n

bmgv® PpapBbn¬ ]s¶Sp°p

hm\pw `mKyhpw Ahkchpap

≠mbn. B¥am\n¬ Fb¿

t∏m¿ń\v sXmćnInemWv \ΩpsS

AlvaZnømakvPnZv.

B¥am\n¬ t]mbn h∂n´v

Icp\mK∏≈n PamAØnse 25

t]cSßp∂ kv{XoIfpw Ipń

Ifpw Dƒs∏Sp∂ Hcp {Kq∏ns\

B Zzo]nte°b°m\pw Ahkc

ap≠mbn. B¥am\nteXv sNdnb

PamAØmWv. B¥am≥ Pam

AØv `mchmlnIƒ°v CXv

kt¥mjIcamb A\p`hambncp

∂p. temIbm{XIfn¬ AlvaZn

øm PamAØpIƒ kμ¿in°m≥

Ahkchpw `mKyhpw F\n°p

X∂ k¿hi‡\v Bbncw kvXp

Xn.

Cu Zzo]v bm{Xm hnhcW

Øn¬ c≠v ImeL´ßfnse

A\p`h hnhcWßfp≠mhp

sa∂v kqNn∏n∏n®pht√m. AtXm¿

°ptºmƒ aq∂p ]Xn‰m≠v

ssZ¿Lyap≈ Hcp CSthf Cu

ImeL´Øn\nSbnep≠v. Cu

CSthf°v C∏pdw ap∏Xv h¿j

Øn\v tijw temIw Xs∂ hf

sctbsd amdnt∏mbncn°p∂p F∂

bmYm¿Yyw \ne\n¬°ptºmgpw

Cu Imebfhn¬ amenbnep≠mb

am‰w AZv`pXIchpw AXykm[

cWhpw Akqbmhlhpambncp

∂psh∂v ]dbmsX hø. 1982 se

amen hntijßsf ]‰n ]dbm≥

F\n°[nIsam∂pan√. F¶n¬

t]mepw BZysØ H∂v c≠\p`h

ßfpsS shfn®Øn¬ ]gb amen

sb Rms\m∂v kv]¿in®v IS∂v

t]mIpw. ]n∂oSv apgph≥ `mKhpw

B[p\nI amensb ]‰n {]Xn

]mZn°phm\mWv Dt±in°p∂Xv.

amen Zzo]n\v tijw t\∏mƒ,

{ioe¶ F∂nhnSßfn¬ t]mbn.

Ab¬ cmPyßfmb ]mIn kvXm

\nepw _w•mtZinte°pw t]m

Im≥ icn°pw tamlap≠mbn

cp∂p. ]t£ \S∂n√. ]mIn

kvXm\nte°v hnk In´m≥ _p≤n

ap´mbXn\m¬ d_vh kμ¿i\

tamlw \ońsh®p. _w•mtZiv

t_m[ ]q¿hw Hgnhm°nbXmbn

cp∂p. ImcWw Hcp Sqdnkv‰ns\

BI¿jn°m≥ t]m∂ Hcp khn

tijXbpw B cmPyØn\n√.

]n∂oSv anUneokv‰pw Kƒ^v taJ

teJI\pw ]Xv\nbpw Jeo^Øp¬ akolnt\msSm∏w


ebpw H´pan° Ad_v cmPyß

fpw kμ¿in°m≥ Ahkcap

≠mbn. AXn\v tijw ]Xn\©v

{][m\s∏´ bqtdm∏y≥ cmPy

ßƒ, bqtdm∏v bm{Xbn¬ c≠p

Imeßfnembn \SØnb hyXy

kvX e≠≥ hnkn‰pIƒ, B\μ

{]Zamb Hcp A\p`hambn amdn

bXv AhnsS \ΩpsS temI

AlvaZnøm Bÿm\hpw akvPnZv

kμ¿i\hpw c≠p ImesØbpw

Jeoâmcpambp≈ `mKyw \nd

™ IqSn°mgv®bpw sIm≠m

sW∂Xn¬ kwiban√.

c≠maXv \SØnb bqtdm∏v

]cyS\Øn¬ e≠≥ kμ¿i\

Øn\nSbn¬ `mcybpsamØv

Ct∏mgsØ Jeo^ lZvdØv

an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv Xncpa\

ns\ At±lØns‚ Hmôkn¬

t]mbn I≠Xpw B IqSn°mgv

®°nsS H∏w \n∂v t^mt´m

FSpØXpw PohnXØns‚ G‰

hpw henb `mKyßfnsem∂mbn

IcpXp∂p. bqtdm∏v Ign™

bpS≥ t]mbXv Atacn°bn

te°mWv. \yqtbm¿°n¬ XpSßn

km≥{^m≥kvtIm hsc \o≠,

Atacn°bnse HºXv {][m\s∏´

kvt‰‰pIfneqsSbp≈ k©mc

bm{X PohnXØnse G‰hpw

henb A\p`hw Xs∂bmbncp

∂p.

kzn‰vk¿e‚pw Atacn°bp

amWv temI cmPyßfn¬ sh®v

F\n°v CjvSs∏´ tZißƒ.

bqtdm∏n¬ G‰hpw kpμcamb

Imemhÿbp≈ cmPyamWv

kzn‰vk¿e‚ v. P\ßƒ kwkvImc

kº∂cmWv. P¿a≥Imsct]mse

AanX Kuchtam {^m≥kvImsc

t]mse [m¿jvSytam {_nójv

P\XbpsS taemfØ at\m`m

htam Ah¿°n√. hntZinI

sfbpw kztZinIsfbpw ka`m

th\ ImWm\p≈ Hcp a\ p≠

h¿°v. AhnSsØ {Kmaßfpw

]´Wßfpw hrØnbpw shSn∏p

ap≈hbmWv. Hcn°¬ kμ¿

in®m¬ B¿°pw A{Xs]s´

s∂m∂pw ad°m\mhn√ kzn‰v

k¿e‚ns\.

temIØnse G‰hpw kº∂

cmPyßfnsem∂mWv Atacn°.

`cWm[nImcnIƒ°v AXns‚

Al¥bps≠¶nepw P\ßƒ°v

AXn√ F∂msW\n°v tXm∂n

bXv. Xo{hhmZØns‚bpw òIc

hmZØns‚bpw t]cn¬ a‰p cmPy

ßfn¬ Atacn° \SØp∂

Ahnip≤ CSs]SepIfn¬ AXr

]vXnbp≈hcmWv bp.F v P\X

bn¬ hensbmcp hn`mKhpw.

F∂m¬ P\m[n]Xy acymZIƒ

C{Xb[nIw IrXyXtbmSpw Pm{K

XtbmSpw ]men°p∂h¿ temI

sØmcnSØpw C√ F∂XmWv

F\n°v tXm∂nbn´p≈Xv. hfsc

kmμ¿`nIambn Atacn°≥

bm{Xbnse A]q¿h A\p`h

ßƒ hmb\°m¿°mbn ]¶psh

°p∂p.

tPm¿Pv hm°¿ _pjv Pq\nb¿

{]knU‚mbncp∂ kabØmWv

Rm≥ Atacn° kμ¿in°p∂Xv.

AXmbXv H_ma°v sXm´p apºv.

ssh‰v lukn\v apºnep≠mb Hcp

A\p`hw ]dbmw

‘_pjv Hcp bp≤ Ip‰hmfn,

Abmsf Adkv‰v sNøp’ Bushwar criminal, impeach Bush F∂

t_m¿Upambn ssh‰v lukv

tK‰ns‚ apºn¬ heXv hiØv

tN¿∂v \n∂ {]Xntj[°mcmb

Hcp \m¬h¿ kwLhpambn

Rms\mcp IqSn°mgv® \SØp

Ibp≠mbn. hfsc dnkv°p≈

{]h¿Ønbmbncp∂p Xo¿®bm

bpw AXv. hntijn®pw Rms\mcp

hntZin. C¥y≥ ]uc≥, H∏w

`mcybpap≠v. iq\ymImiØv

`qansb hew sh°p∂ km‰v

sse‰pIfn¬ t]mepw Nmc°

Æp≈ HfnIymadIƒ Hfn∏n®v

sh®v temIØns‚ apgph≥

Ne\hpw kzImcyXbpw H∏nsbSp

°m≥ tijnbp≈ Hcp cmPyw. B

cmjv{SØns‚ Xeÿm\Øv

temIØnse G‰hpw IcpØ

\mb `cWm[nImcnbpsS Bÿm

\ aμncØn\SpØv {]knU‚n

s\Xnsc Xpd∂ {]Xntj[ {]I

S\w \SØp∂ hcpambp≈ IqSn

°mgv®, AXp am{Xa√ Ahcp

amsbm∏w \n∂v t^mt´msbSp

°epw hfsc kmlknIambn

t]mbn F∂v ]n∂osS\n°v tXm

∂pIbpw sNbvXp. CXnse dnkv°v

teJI≥ {]knU≠v _pjns\Xnsc {]Xntj[n°p∂ hr≤tbmsSm∏wteJI≥ {]Xntj[°mtcmsSm∏w


Hm¿Øv IqSn°mgv®°v tijw Hcp

\Sp°tØmsSbmWv ssh‰v

lukv ]cnkcw Rm≥ hn´Xv.

`mKyØn\v H∂pw kw`hn®n√.

Atacn°≥ clky t]meokv

]n¥pS¿∂v Fs∂ tNmZyw sNbvX

Xpan√. k¿hi‡\mb A√mlp

hn\v kvXpXn.

B {]Xntj[°m¿ Ft∂m

sSm∏w \n∂v t^mt´m FSp°m≥

t]mkvsNbvXt∏mƒ Hcpd∏v hm

ßnbncp∂p. C¥ybnseØnbm¬

XßfpsS ssIbn¬ ImWp∂

π°m¿UpIfnsegpXnb {]Xn

tj[ ktμiw IqSn hy‡ambn

hmbn°m≥ Ignbp∂ hn[w B

t^mt´m {]kn≤oIcn°Wsa∂v.

Rm\mhm°p ]men®p. Fs‚

Atacn°≥ bm{Xm ]pkvXI

Øn¬, Ahbn¬ G‰hpw {][m\

t^mt´m {]kn≤oIcn°pIbpw

hmb\°msc AXv BI¿jn

°pIbpw sNbvXp. Ft¥, Hcp

cmjv{SØnse AXni‡\mb

{]knU‚ns\ Ip‰hnNmcW

sNøWsa∂mhiys∏´v cmjv{S

Ø ehs‚ Bÿm\ aμncØn\v

sXm´p apºn¬ {]Xntj[w {]ISn

∏n°p∂hsc \o°mt\m, Hgnhm

°mt\m A[nImcnItfm t]meo

tkm H∂pw {ian°mØXv. Atacn

°≥ P\m[n]XyØns‚ alXz

amWv \manhnsS Z¿in°p∂Xv.

Nne hnjbßfnse¶nepw ]m›m

XycpsS \√ hißsf BZcn°m

Xncn°m\mhn√.

ChnsS \ΩpsS \mńemsW¶n

tem?! temIØnse G‰hpw

henb P\m[n]Xy cmPyamWv

\ΩptSXv. \mńse Hcp hnt√Pv

Hmôkn\v ap∂n¬ t]mepw Hcp

]t£ {]Xntj[{]IS\w \SØp

∂ hy‡ntbtbm kwLtØtbm

t]meokv FØn Adkv‰v sNbvXv

tIs Sp°p∂p. t]meokv h∂v

Adkv‰v sNbvXns√¶nepw \mńse

hnπhImcnIfmb kac°m¿°v

]cmXnbmhpw F∂Xv as‰mcp ssh

cp≤yw!!.

hfsc alØmb Hcp P\m

[n]Xy kwhn[m\hpw ]mcºcy

hpw C¥y°p≠v. ]ucmhImi

ßƒ hy‡ambn \ΩpsS `cW

LS\bn¬ FgpXn tN¿Øn´pap

≠v. kmam\y P\ßƒ°v auen

Iamb Cu AhImißƒ A\p

`hn®v Pohn°m≥ IgnbmØ hn[w

\ΩpsS cmjv{Sob kwhn[m\ßƒ

Hmtcm Znhkhpw Hmtcm hyXy

kvX {]iv\ßƒ krjvSn®p

sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. A`n{]mb,

kwLS\m, sXmgn¬, k©mc

kzmX{¥yßƒ \ΩpsS auenImh

Imißfn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂hbmWv.

Chtbmtcm∂nt\bpw Xßƒ

°mhiyamb cmjv{Sob e£y

ßƒ°v th≠n hfs®mSn®v P\m

[n]Xykwhn[m\ßsf H∂msI

Ańadn°pIbmWv \ΩpsS \mń

se C∂sØ cmjv{Sob t\Xr

Xzßƒ. CXns\mcp kaqe am‰w

hcmsX \ap°v P\m[n]XyØn

s‚ alXzw Hcn°epw ImØp

kq£n°m\mhn√.

ssh‰v lukn\v ap∂n¬

Ign™ 24 h¿jambn IpSn¬

sIń°gnbp∂ Hcp kv]m\njv

hr≤sbbpw Cu bp F v

bm{Xbnse hmjnßvS¨ kμ¿

i\Øn\nSbn¬ ImWpIbpw

kwkmcn°pIbpw sNbvXp.

B hr≤bpsS t]cv tIm¨

Nn‰ F∂mWv. temI hym]Iamb

Xo{hhmZ {]h¿Ø\Øns\Xnsc

Hcp \ni_vZ kacw \SØp

IbmWh¿. 1981 apX¬ c≠p

]Xn‰m≠ntesd°meambn Ah¿

ssh‰v lukv ]cnkcØv Xs∂

Xs‚ kac°pSnepambn XºSn

®ncp∂p. B hr≤ kv{Xosb

ssh‰v lukv ]cnkcØp \n∂v

]eXhW skIyqcn‰n t]meokv

Hgnhm°m≥ {ian®XmWv. hnkva

bIcamb CNvOm i‡ntbmsS

B kv{Xo ]nSn®p \n∂p. HSphn¬

Atacn°≥ kp{]ow tImSXn

kPohambn CSs]´mWv Ah¿°v

Ahkchpw kwc£Whpw Hcp

°ns°mSpØXv. Rm\pw kl

bm{XnIbpw AcnIn¬ sN∂

t∏mƒ {]Xntj[ {]IS\Øn

\mbn {]Z¿in∏n®ncp∂ t_m¿Up

Ifn¬ Hs∂SpØv Fs‚ ssI

bn¬ X∂n´v, t^mt´m°v t]mkv

sNøm≥ Ah¿ \n¿tZin®p.

{]Xntj[ {]IS\°mcpsS t^m

t´m FSpØ t]mse Xs∂ Chn

sSbpw `mcy DS≥ Xs∂ Iymad

¢n°v sNbvXv B cwKw H∏nsbSp

°pIbmbncp∂p.

tIm¨Nn‰ F∂ B hnπh

Imcn h\nX Fs‚ ssIbn¬ X∂

t_m¿Un¬ _n≥ emZs‚ hen

sbmcp Nn{Xhpw AXn¬‘THEREAL TERRORIST’(bYm¿Y

Xo{hhmZn) F∂pw FgpXnbncn

°p∂p. ]q¿Wambpw B t_m¿

Uv {i≤n°m≥ F\n°v Ign™ncp

∂n√. t^mt´m FSpØ mcybmWv

t_m¿Unse sshNn{Xyw Fs‚

{i≤bn¬ sIm≠ph∂Xv . Rm≥

kq£n®p t\m°nbt∏mƒ AXv

icn°pw _n≥ emZs‚ Nn{Xambn

cp∂n√. emZs\ t]mse XmSnbpw

Xe∏mhpw hc®p tN¿Ø km

£m¬ tPm¿Pv _pjns‚ Nn{Xam

bncp∂p. ‘bYm¿Y Xo{hhmZn’F∂ hm°pIfpsS A¿Yw C

t∏mƒ IqSpX¬ hy‡hpw {]k

‡hpamhp∂p. B kv]m\njv

hr≤bpsS `mh\°v Biwk

If¿∏n®p sIm≠mWv Rßƒ aS

ßnbXv.

BZysam∂pw k©mcm\p`h

ßƒ Rm≥ FgpXnbncp∂n√.

ASpØ Nne kplrØp°fpw

_‘p°fpw Nne ]pkvXI

{]km[Icpw \n¿_‘]q¿hw

kΩ¿Zw sNepØnbt∏mgmWv

FgpXn XpSßnbXv. At∏mƒ

Fs‚ a\ n¬ HmSnsbØnbXv

t]¿jy≥ Ihn kAvZnbpsS hcn

Ifmbncp∂p.

\nco£W ]mShan√mØ

k©mcn NndI‰ ]£n°v Xpey

amWv.

AtXmsS Hmtcm bm{Xbnepw

IqSpX¬ D’mltØmsS Imcy

ßƒ \nco£n°m\pw ]Tn°m\pw

XpSßn. bYmkabw Ipdn∏pIƒ


Xømdm°n sh®p. FgpØn\v

hmb\°mcn¬ \n∂v \√ {]XnIc

Ww e`n®t∏ƒ ho≠pw ho≠pw

FgpXm\p≈ {]tNmZ\ambn.

Npcp°Øn¬ FgpXnØpSßn

btXmsSbmWv ImcyKuchap≈

k©mcnbmbn Rm≥ amdnbXv

Xs∂. ASpØ ]e kvt\ln

X∑mcpw tNmZn®n´p≈ Hcp tNmZy

hpw AXn\p≈ Fs‚ hniZo

IcWhpw Cu teJ\Øns‚

Ahkm\ `mKØv Dƒs∏SpØm≥

Rm\m{Kln°p∂p.

C{Xb[nIw ]Ww sNehm°n

Xm¶ƒ \SØp∂ hntZi bm{X

Isf IpSpw_w Fßs\ t\m°n

ImWp∂p?

Fs‚ adp]Snbpw hniZoIc

WhpanXmWv. IpńIfpsSbpw

IpSpw_Øns‚bpw DØchmZn

Xzw IrXyambn \ndth‰nsIm≠p

am{XamWv k©mc ZuXyßƒ

27 -˛12 -˛2013 sh≈n -bmg vN

cmhnse 10 aWn°v {]m¿Y-\-

tbmSpw Jp¿ -B≥ ]mcm -b-W-

tØmSpw ]XmI Db¿Ø-tem-Spw-

IqSn hm¿jnI {XnZn\ A¥¿

tZiob ktΩ-f\Øn\v Bcw-

`wIpdn®p. AJn-te¥ym Pam-A-

Øns‚ No^v sk{I-´-dnbpw Aao-

dp¬ apAv-an-\o≥ Jeo-^-Øp¬

ako-lns‚ {]Xn -\n -[n -bp -amb

auem\ apl-ΩZv C\mw kmln_v

tKmdn A[y -£-\m -bn -cp -∂p.

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-

Øns‚ ÿm]-I-cmb lZvdØv

an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv(A)t‚bpw

Pam-A-Øns‚ Ct∏mgsØ ]c-tam-

∂Xt\Xmhv lZvdØv an¿km

akvdq¿ AlvaZn - (AøZlp.. .)

t‚bpw P¬ksb kw_-‘n®

\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ A[y-£≥ hmbn®p

tIƒ∏n-®p. Cu P¬k-bn¬ ]s¶-

Sp -°p-∂-h¿°p-th≠n Pam-A-

Øns‚ ÿm]-I¿ sNbvXn-´p-ff

{]m¿Y-\-Ifpw Hm¿an-∏n-®p.

\mZn¿ Ckvemtlm C¿imZv (Z-

£n -tW-¥y) auem\m ap\o¿

AlvaZv JmZnw kmln_v "ssZhm-

kvXn-Iyhpw ssZh-⁄m\w Ic-

ÿ-am -°m-\p -ff am¿K-ßfpw'

F∂ hnj-bsØ A[n-I-cn®v

{]kw-Kn-®p. At±lw ]d-™p,

ssZh-⁄m\w Ic-ÿ-am-°pI

F∂-XmWv a\pjykrjvSn-∏ns‚

Dt±-iyw. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Cu

XØz-amWv a\p-jy≥ a\- n-em-

t°-≠-Xv. At±lw AlvaZnøm

apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-

cmb lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw

AlvaZv(A)s‚ {KŸ-amb Ckvem

aX XØz-⁄m\w D≤-cn-®p-sIm-≠v,

C°m-cy-Øn¬ a\p-jy¿°p-≠m-Im-

hp∂ kIe kwi-b-ßfpw ktμ-

l-ßfpw B alm-flmhv AI-‰n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v sXfnhp klnXw

hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.

\mZn¿ ZAv-hsØ Ce-√mlv

JmZn-bm≥ auem\m laoZv AlvaZv

IuY¿ kmln_v "\_n-(k)-Xn-cp-ta-

\n -bpsS Pohn -X -am -XrI lpZ -

bv_nb k‘n-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬'

F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ {]`m-jWw \S-

Øn. At±lw ]d-™p, "Hcp a\p-

jys‚ Poh-N -cn - {Xw hnh-cn -

°ptºmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ a‰p a\p-

jy-cp-am-bn- p-ff s]cp-am-‰hpw {]Xn-

I-c-Whpw Pohn-X-co-Xnbpw F¥m-

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ P∑tKlamb JmZn-bm-\n¬ Pam-A-Øns‚

122- m-aXv hm¿jnI {XnZn\ A¥¿tZiob ktΩ-f\Øns‚ dnt∏m¿´v

Rm≥ \ndth‰p∂Xv. AXpsIm≠v

Xs∂ IpSpw_w Ct∂mfw Fs‚

bm{XIsf t{]mXvkmln∏n®nt´

bp≈q.

Cu hcnItfmsS kmam\yw

kpZo¿Lamb BapJØn\v hncm

aanSp∂p. (XpScpw)

teJIs‚ t^m¨ \º¿

99958 52335

auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬ Be-∏pg


bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v t\mt°-≠-Xm-Wv.

CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t\m°p-

tºmƒ lpZ-bv_nø k‘n-bpsS

Ah-k-c-Øn¬ \_n-(k)Xncp-ta\n

-Im-gvN-h® amXrI XnI-hp-‰Xpw

AXp-ey -hp -am -sW∂v ImWmw.

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h[n°s∏´m¬ Cu kao]\

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tbm h[n®m¬ Abmƒ a\pjysc

apgph≥ h[n®Xvt]msebmIp

∂p.’ (5:33) Hcmƒ h[n°s∏´m¬

kaqlw apgph\pw AXns\Xnsc

Pm{KX ]men°Wsa∂pw kaql

sØsb√mhscbpw saØw h[n

®Xv t]msebp≈ Hcp kmaqlnI

{]iv\ambn AXns\ IW°m

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WamWv ChnsS Jp¿B≥

\SØp∂Xv.

‘Hm, hnizmknIsf h[n°

s∏´hcpsS hnjbØn¬ {]Xn

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\ n ¿ t Zi n°s∏´ n c n° p∂ p .

kzX{¥ a\pjy≥ Ip‰°mc

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ASnabmWv Ip‰°mcs\¶n¬

AbmtfmSpw kv{XobmWv Ip‰

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{Inb sNømhp∂XmWv. F∂m¬

sImebmfnbpsS (h[n°s∏´h

s‚) ktlmZc\n¬ (ASpØ

_‘p) \n∂pw Ip‰°m¿°v

h√Xpw am∏p sNbvXpsImSp

°p∂ ]£w \ymbbp‡amb

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\nebn¬ \jvS]cnlmcw sImSp

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Hcp eLqIcWhpw ImcpWy

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¶n¬ Ah\v thZ\mP\Iam b

in£bp≠v. tl _p≤nam∑msc !

{]Xn{Inbm \nbaØn¬ \nßƒ

°v PohnX kpc£bp≠v. \nßƒ

kpc£nXcmhp∂Xn\v th≠nbm

Ip∂p.’ (2:178,179˛The Quran Ara-bic Text ,Translation By-Muhammad Zafarullah Khan )

Hcmƒ h[n°s∏´m¬ sIme°v

]Icw sIme \SØpI F∂√

Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv. ]Icw

{]Xn{Inbsb (Jnkmkv) Ipdn

®mWv ]dbp∂Xv. {]XnImchpw

(Retaliation) {]Xn{Inbbpw (Ret-ribution) c≠v kwKXnIfmWv.

sIme]mX°n°v h[in£ \¬

Im≥ ]mSn√ F∂ hmZapb¿

Øp∂hcpsS ]£Ø√ Jp¿

B≥ \n¬°p∂Xv F∂v hy‡

amWv. ]t£ Ip‰hmfntbmSv Jp¿

B≥ ImWn°p∂ khntijam

b kao]\w kaqlØns‚ kpc

£°pw Ip‰hmfnbpsS kwkv°

cWØn\pap≈ G‰hpw bp‡n

]q¿Whpw ê{]Zhpamb am¿K

amWv. t\csØ ]d™Xv t]mse

sIme°p‰Øns‚ KuchsØ

kw_‘n®pw sImebmfn°v h[

in£hsc Bhmsa∂pap≈X

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hnc¬ Nq≠p∂p. XpS¿∂v kzX

{¥≥, ASna, kv{Xo, F∂nßs\

Ip‰hmfnIfpsS h¿KoIcW

Øn¬ \n∂pw in£ GIapJap

≈X√ F∂pw tIkns‚ sacn‰pw

coXnbpw kmlNcyßfpw ]cnK

Wn®mWv in£ hn[nt°≠sX

∂pamWv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. Cu

Jp¿B≥ hN\w \¬Ip∂ G‰

hpw kp{][m\amb am¿K\n¿

tZiw, Zbm l¿Pn ka¿∏n°p∂Xv

kw_‘n®mWv. C¥y≥ \nbahy

hÿbpw hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚

\nbahyhÿbpw XΩn¬ ASn

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bmW.v C¥y≥ `cWLS\bpsS

72(1)hIp∏p {]Imcw h[in£°v

hn[n°s∏´ Ip‰hmfn Zbm l¿Pn

\¬tI≠Xv cmjv{S Xeh\mb

C¥y≥ {]knU≠n\mWv. F

∂m¬ hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ \n¿tZ

in® {]Imcw Ip‰hmfnIƒ°v am∏v

\¬Im\p≈ A[nImcw sIm√

s∏´hcpsS ASpØ _‘p°ƒ

°mWv. \oXn ]oTw Ip‰hmfn°v

h[in£ hn[n®m¬ _‘p°ƒ

°v thWsa¶n¬ \jvS ]cnlmcw

(Blood money) Bhiys∏Smw

As√¶n¬ \ncp]m[nIw am∏v

\¬Imw. _p≤nam∑msc A`nkw

t_m[\ sNbvXv hnip≤ Jp¿

B≥ ka¿∏n® Cu am¿K\n¿

tZiØn¬ a\pjy\v PohnXhpw

kaqlØn\v kpc£bpaps≠∂v

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hmfn°v t]mepw Zbm]q¿hw

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\mWv {ian°p∂Xv. cmjv{SØ

eh≥ Hu]NmcnIambn am∏v \¬

Ip∂Xnep≈ {]iv\amWt√m

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t]mepw CSs]tS≠n h∂Xv. cW

LS\m _m≤yXbpsSbpw kmt¶

XnIXbpsS _eØn¬ cmjv{SØ

eh≥ Cu hn[w \¬Ip∂ am∏n

t\°mƒ a\pjy lrZbsØ

kv]¿in°p∂Xv am∏n\p≈

A[nImcw sIm√s∏´bmfpsS

_‘phn\v \¬Ip∂XneqsS

bmWv km[nXamhpI. Abmƒ

ImWn°p∂ ImcpWyhpw am∏pw


Ip‰hmfnbn¬ AZv`pXIcamb

am‰ßƒ krjvSn°m\p≈ tijn

bp≠v. h[in£°v hn[n°s∏´v

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Ip‰ hmfn°v Xs‚ lo\IrXyw

sIm≠v Xocm\jvShpw thZ\bpw

A\p`hn°p∂ A\¥cmhImin

bn¬ \n∂v am∏v e`n®v PohnXw

Xncn®p In´ptºmƒ Abmfn

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Ø\w Xo¿®bmbpw \nkvXpe

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a\pjy\m°n am‰pw. cmjv{S]Xn

am∏v \¬Ip∂ Hu]NmcnIXbpsS

ipjv°Xbn¬ \n∂pw sImebmfn

Xo¿Øm¬ XocmØ IS∏mSpIƒ

s°m≠v ]pXnb a\pjy\mbn

amdpw. ‘{]Xn{Inbm \nbaØn¬PohnXap≠v’(he°pw ^n Jnkm

knlbmØv) F∂ hnip≤ Jp¿

Bs‚ {]Jym]\w F{X ]mh

\hpw XØz\n¿`chpamWv. CØ

cØnep≈ a\pjyXz ]q¿Wamb

k¶¬∏ßƒ sIm≠v \ΩpsS

\oXn ]oTßfpw IqSpX¬ am\

hobamIs´.

Fd-Wm-Ipfw: ^kvse Da¿ FPyp-

t°-jW¬ t_m¿Uv ss^\m≥kv

IΩn‰n AwKhpw Fd-Wm-Ipfw

Pam-A-Øns‚ PmbvZmZv sk{I-´-dn-

bp-amb XS-Øn¬ kn.sI k^-dp-

√mlv kmln_v (62) P\p-hcn 30˛mw

XobXn cmhnse lrZ -bm -Lm-

XsØ XpS¿∂v h^m-Øm-bn

(C∂m en√mln..). {]k-∂-amb

apJ`mhw sIm≠pw arZp-hmb

kwkm-c-coXn sIm≠pw Bscbpw

Xs‚ kplrZvhe-b-Øn-em-°m≥

Ign-hp≈ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-

lw. ap≥ sslt°m-SXn aPn-kvt{S-

‰m-bn-cp∂ Ip™n-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-

_n-s‚bpw ]tc-X-bmb _ohn

kmln-_bpsSbpw \mev a°-fn¬

aqØ aI-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lw 1991

emWv _bvAØv sNbvXv Pam-A-

Øn¬ {]th-in-®-Xv. hnhn[ Pn√-

lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv (AøZlp) 2014 P\phcn 3

\v \SØnb JpXzv_bn¬ hJvs^ PZoZns‚ 57˛maXv hnfw_cw

\SØpIbp≠mbn. aXhnZym`ymk cwKØv h≥

]cnh¿Ø\Øn\v e£yanSp∂ hJvs^ PZoZns‚ A\pKrloX

]≤Xnbn¬ Hcmfpw HgnbmsX tNcm≥ lpkq¿ Xncpa\ v

AlvaZnIsf DZvt_m[n∏n°pIbp≠mbn. Cu ]≤Xn°v Iogn¬

AlvaZnIƒ sNbvXp sIm≠ncn°p∂ A`qX]q¿hamb

kmºØnI XymKßsf lpkq¿ Xncpa\ v JpXzv_bn¬

A\pkvacn°pIbpw henb {]m[m\ytØmsS hnhcn°pIbpw

Ah¿°v th≠n {]tXyIw {]m¿Yn°pIbp≠mbn. hJvs^ PZoZv

kmºØnI XymKØn¬ C¥y 6˛mw ÿm\Øpw C¥ybn¬

kwÿm\mSnÿm\Øn¬ tIcfw 1˛mw ÿm\ØpsaØn.

hJvs^ PZoZns‚ [\XymKØn¬ C¥ybn¬ D∂X

ÿm\sØØnb PamAØpIfn¬ tIcfØnse Icpfmbn,

tImgnt°mSv, IÆq¿ Su¨, ]gbßmSn, ]Ø∏ncnbw, amtØm´w

F∂o PamAØpIƒ Dƒs∏Sp∂p.

aplΩZv Xzmln¿ AlvaZv

\mknw, hJvs^ PZoZv

AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØv, `mcXv

hJvs^ PZoZv \h’c hnfw_cw

kn.-sI. k -dp-√mlv kmln_v

A\pkvacWw

at©izcw PamAØnse BZy

Ime AlvaZnbmbncp∂ AlvaZv

Ip™nkmln_ns‚ aIfpw

a¿lpw sI. ]n. A_q_°¿

kmln_ns‚ ]Xv\nbpambncp∂

bp. leoa kmln_ (72) Unkw

_¿ 5 \v h^mØmbn. (C∂men

√mln..). BZyIme AlvaZnIƒ

t\cnń´p≈ ]co£Wßƒs°

√mw km£nbmb a¿lpa Alva

ZnøØn¬ ASnbpd®v\n¬°pI

bpw k¥m\ßsf F√mw Alva

ZnøØns‚ XWen¬ hf¿Øp

Ibpw sNbvXp. \qdp±o≥, k^dp

√mlv (kuZn Atd_y) _io¿

AlvaZv, kØm¿ (kuZn Atd

_y) _pjnd, jm°nd F∂n¿

a°fpw _io¿ (aSnt°cn)

jôJv (IÆq¿ kn‰n) k^nb

dioZ F∂nh¿ acpa°fpamWv.

A√mlp a¿lpa°v aKv^ndØpw

P∂Øpw \evIn A\p{Kln°s´

˛ _io¿ AlvaZv, at©izcw

bp. leoa kmln_

www.alislam.org


aPvenkv Jp±map¬ AlvaZnømbpsS dn{^j¿ tImgvkv FdWmIpfw Pn√m Aao¿ ]n. sI. imlp¬

laoZv kmln_v DZvLmS\w sNøp∂p. F. A_vZp¬ dioZv, C.F®v \Po_v, auehn Fkv. Fw. _io¿,

auehn Sn. Aaodp±o≥ kmPnZv F∂nh¿ kao]w

tIcf kμ¿i\w \SØnb ]ekvXo≥ AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØv Aao¿ aplΩZv ico v HuZ

kmln_n\v FdWmIpfw akvPnZv Dadn¬ kzoIcWw \SØnbt∏mƒ. sFa≥ amen°n , lm\n

Xmln¿, Pn√m Aao¿ ]n. sI. imlp¬ laoZv, \mknw A≥kmdp√mlv ]n. ]n. \knap±o≥ F∂nh¿

kao]w

Icp\mK∏≈nbn¬ \S∂ sIm√w Pn√m ktΩf\w auehn Fw. \mkn¿ AlvaZv DZvLmS\w sNøp∂p.

I-f-n¬ _m¶v DtZym-K-ÿ-\mbn

{]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-t∏m-sg√mw Ahn-

S-ßfnse Zo\o {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬

\nd™ km∂n-[y-am-bn-cp-∂p At±-

lw. t^m¿´vsIm®n Pam-A-Øn¬

am¬ sk{I- -dn-bmbpw sImSp-ß-√q-

cn¬ am¬ sk{I-´-dnbpw A≥km-

dp-√mlv kbo-ambpw {]h¿Øn

®n´p≠v. kXy-Zq-X≥ amkn-I-bpsS

A`y-pZb Imw£n-bmbncp∂ k^-

dp-√mlv kmln_v amknI Fd-Wm-

IpfØv \n∂v X]m-en¬ Ab-°p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \nc-

¥cw apgp-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Pam-A-

Øns‚ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-°p-tºm-

sg√mw `£Ww Hcp-°p-∂-Xn¬

{]tXyIw Xm¬]cyw {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-

cp-∂p. X_veoKv cwKØpw c‡-

Zm\w t]msebp≈ krjvSn

tkh\ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw kPo-

h-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. `¿Øm-hn-

t\°mƒ aptº _bv-AØv sN

øm≥ `mKyw e`n® Fd-Wm-Ipfw

ePv\ {]kn-U‚ v apwXmkv kmln-

_-bmWv `mcy. a°ƒ: kpdp-an-b,

sambvXo≥ _m_p, apl-ΩZ v

Ckvlm-Jv, apl-ΩZv eqØv. acp-a-

°ƒ: apk-^¿, _\m-kn-b, \nim-

\. A√mlp ]tc-X\v aKv n-d-Øn¬

D∂-X-amb ÿm\-ßƒ \¬In

A\p-{K-ln-°p-am-dm-I-s´. IpSpw-

_mw -K -ßƒ°v £abpw Zo\o

{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ kPo-

h-am -Ip -∂-Xn -\p≈ XuôJpw

\¬Ipam-dm-I-s´. Bao≥_n.-F. apl-ΩZv \Po_v,

Fd-Wm-Ipfw

kn.-sI. k^-dp-√mlv

AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØv F∂ ssZhoI {]ÿm\sØ∏‰nIqSpX¬ Adnbm≥ _‘s∏SpI

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Published on 7 February 2014 Vol: 6 .1Price Rs. 20/-

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{KŸI¿Øm

lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv(Jeo^Øp¬ akolv \mema≥)

hnh: F. Fw aplΩZv keow{]km: aPvenkv A≥kmdp√mlv, tIcf

Ckvemapw kaImeo\{]iv\ßfpw

h en

012

Islam’s Response to Cotemporary Issues F∂ hnJymX IrXnbpsS ]cn`mj

DS≥ {]Imi\w sNøp∂p.

]pkvXI {]Imi\hpw skan\mdpw2014 am¿®v 5\v _p[≥, sshIp: 5 aWn°v tImgnt°mSv, Su¨lmfn¬

tIcfØnse {]apJ kmwkvImcnI {]h¿ØIcpw FgpØpImcpw ]s¶Sp°p∂p.

F√mh¿°pw kzmKXwaPvenkv A≥kmdp√mlv kwÿm\IΩn‰n, tIcf.

hnjbw: Ckvemapw kaImeo\]iv\ßfpw

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y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m? Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p · A\y{Klßfn¬ PohnIfpt≠m? Jp¿B≥ F¥v ]dbp∂p 13 F´p]Xn‰m≠pIƒ°v apºv \S∂ Hcp aXkwhmZw bpKi_vZw FUnt‰mdnb¬ 6 55