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Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 1 of 12
DEPARTMENT FOR CURRICULUM,
LIFELONG LEARNING AND EMPLOYABILITY
Directorate for Learning and Assessment Programmes
Educational Assessment Unit
Annual Examinations for Secondary Schools 2019
YEAR 9 BIOLOGY TIME: 2 hours
Name: _____________________________________ Class: _________________________
85% Theory Paper 15% Practical 100% Final Score
Question
No.
Section A Section B
1
2
3
4
5
6 7
1
2
3
4
5
Max
mark
6 9 8 11 8 7 6 15 15 15 15 15
Actual
mark
TOTAL
MARK
Track 2
Page 2 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
Section A: This section carries 55 marks. Answer all questions in this section.
1. Figure 1 shows an animal cell and an enlarged diagram of one organelle labelled ‘organelle A’.
Figure 1
a. Identify ‘organelle A’.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
b. Describe the function of ‘organelle A’.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
c. Name one plant cell that would benefit from having a very large number of these organelles. Provide a reason for your answer.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
d. Explain why observing this organelle with a light microscope is limited.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
[Total: 6 marks]
organelle A
Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 3 of 12
2. While Buskett is known for its diversity of plants, various fungi such as different species of mushrooms also grow in this habitat.
a. An important biological difference between plants and fungi is in the cell wall. State the difference between the cell walls of fungi and plant cells.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
b. Figure 2 includes five photos of different species of mushrooms that grow at Buskett. One of them, Suillus collinitus, is a mushroom that uses the
ground next to pine trees as its substrate and has a mutualistic relationship with this tree. It has a short swollen stem. Its top part (fruiting body) is chunky and rather flat or slightly rounded as opposed to other mushrooms
that have a pointy (umbrella-like) fruiting body.
i. Using the information above, identify the photo that is showing the mushroom Suillus collinitus.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
A B C
D E Figure 2
ii. Define the term ‘mutualistic relationship’.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
Page 4 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
iii. Pine trees are gymnosperms. Describe their reproductive structures.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
c. Oranges that fall from trees at Buskett are often attacked by moulds which
are filamentous forms of fungi. Describe the typical structure of a filamentous fungus and explain how it feeds.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
(3)
[Total: 9 marks]
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A newly discovered organism (Figure 3), found in a cave in China, has an elongated head with
no eyes. It has one pair of thin and very long antennae attached. Its thorax is also elongated
and has six long and slender legs.
Name the phylum and the class into which this organism should be classified.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Give one reason for your answer. _____________________________________
_____________________________________
This organism consists of three segments. Name
another segment of this organism apart from the head and the thorax.
_____________________________________
Provide a possible biological reason why this organism has evolved a head with no eyes.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
e. This organism undergoes ‘complete metamorphosis’. Describe the life cycle
of an organism that undergoes complete metamorphosis.
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
(2)
[Total: 8 marks]
source:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
articles/PMC5769675/figure/F1/?report=obje
ctonly Figure 3
Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 5 of 12
4. a. Oily skin results when sebaceous glands produce an excess amount of sebum. This flows from inside the epidermis to the surface of the skin
through pores and hair follicles.
i. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the cross-section of the human skin. On
this diagram label the epidermis, the sebaceous gland and the hair follicle.
(3)
ii. Explain the function of sebum in human skin.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
b.
i.
ii.
Figure 5 is a skin care product that treats oily skin by
entering pores to remove extra sebum and dead skin cells.
Explain the importance of the skin having a first layer of
dead skin cells. ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Being acidic, these products can cause a burning sensation. Name the skin structures that sense this
stimulus.
______________________________________________
(2)
(1)
c. The skin has a thermoregulatory function. Explain, giving full biological details, the role of the skin in maintaining a constant body temperature.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(4) [Total: 11 marks]
Figure 4
Figure 5
Page 6 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
5. Figure 6 shows a plant growing in a room with no other sources of light except for one window.
source: https://www.thoughtco.com
a. i. Describe the growth pattern shown by the plant.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
ii. Name the biological process that produces this growth pattern in the shoot.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
b. Explain how this biological process brings about the growth pattern
described.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(4)
c. Explain how this biological function is beneficial to plants.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2) [Total: 8 marks]
window
Figure 6
Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 7 of 12
6. Euglena, which is a fresh water protist, and an adult frog are inhabiting the same pond.
a. Name the process by which the Euglena’s cell membrane and the frog’s skin exchange gases with the surrounding environment.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
b. Explain why the frog has lungs to assist with oxygen uptake whenever the skin cannot cope, while the Euglena can rely completely on its cell
membrane.
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3)
c. i. Specialised cells in some frogs’ skin can release poisons that deter predators. Explain the term ‘specialised cells.’
___________________________________________________________
(1)
ii. Give one example of a specialised cell in animals.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
d. Being plant-like, Euglena can feed autotrophically. Name an organelle
which is only present when an organism feeds autotrophically.
___________________________________________________________
(1) [Total: 7 marks]
Page 8 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
7. Figure 7 shows two plants: a bryophyte and a pteridophyte.
a. i. Explain why the pteridophyte can afford to grow taller than the bryophyte.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2)
ii. Give one advantage that the pteridophyte has over the bryophyte by growing taller.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
b. i. Pteridophytes can limit water loss, while bryophytes cannot. Mention one feature of pteridophytes that allows them to control water loss.
___________________________________________________________
(1)
ii. Give one advantage that pteridophytes have over bryophytes by being able to control water loss.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2) [Total: 6 marks]
A bryophyte,
spreading horizontally
over the ground.
A pteridophyte,
growing vertically
from the ground.
Figure 7
source: https://www.coolgalapagos.com/biology/classification_plants.php
Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 9 of 12
Section B: This section carries 45 marks. Answer any three questions in this section. Write your answers on the separate A4 sheet provided.
1. The sources of plant disease may be abiotic or biotic. Examples of abiotic
plant diseases include damage caused by growth in poor light, moisture or temperature conditions. Many biotic diseases are caused by bacteria that
are microscopic, single-celled prokaryotic organisms and which are able to reproduce rapidly by binary fission. Fungi also cause diseases in plants.
adapted from: https://www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/bacteria-controls-the-weather/
a. i. Name two abiotic factors mentioned in the text. (2)
ii. Name two biotic factors mentioned in the text. (2)
b. i. Draw a labelled diagram of a typical bacterium. (5)
ii. Name an organelle that bacteria do not have and which defines them as
prokaryotes.
(1) iii. Xylella fastidiosa is a type of bacterium that can cause disease in plants.
Name the genus of this bacterium. (1)
c. Define the term ‘binary fission’. (2)
d. Mention one difference between bacteria and viruses. (2)
[Total: 15 marks]
Page 10 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
2. Agave americana (Figure 8) is a local plant that grows a tall, woody stalk full
of flowers before it dies. The flowers have six stamens and a large ovary. The
plant dies after dispersing seeds. However it also reproduces by vegetative reproduction that makes it easier for the
plant to colonise the area.
source:https://www.wallpaperup.com/354912/Agave_americana_plant_in_Dwejra_Gozo_Malta.html
a. i. Name the asexual mode of reproduction used by Agave americana. (1)
ii. Give one advantage of this mode of reproduction. (1)
b. Flowers allow this plant to reproduce sexually. Give one advantage of this
mode of reproduction.
(1)
c. Describe the functions of the following structures:
i. tall and strong stem; (2)
ii. stamen; (2)
iii. ovary. (2)
d. Agave americana is a monocot adapted to dry conditions.
i. Identify two characteristics of monocots. (2)
ii. Mention two adaptations of plants to dry conditions. (2)
e. This plant and the Maltese Rock-centaury (Cheirolophus crassifolius) are
competitors. List two factors that these two plant species can compete for.
(2)
[Total: 15 marks]
Figure 8
Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019 Page 11 of 12
3. Beetroot is a vegetable that contains sucrose. Six discs of beetroot were cut to the same diameter size and thickness and their weights were
recorded. Each one was placed in 10 ml of a different sucrose solution concentration for 30 minutes. The weights were recorded again. Results
are summarised in the table below.
Test tube Sucrose solution mol/dm3 Percentage change in mass
A 0 +28.4%
B 0.2 +8.5%
C 0.4 -7.3%
D 0.6 -19.4%
E 0.8 -26.3%
F 1.0 -30.8%
a. Name the biological process by which beetroot discs lost or gained mass in each test tube.
(1)
b. i. Name the test tube with the beetroot disc showing the largest increase in mass.
(1)
ii. Explain what happened to this beetroot disc for this to occur. (3)
c. A student concluded that the sucrose concentration inside the beetroot was
around 0.3 mol/dm3. Explain how the changes in masses of beetroot discs in test tubes ‘B’ and ‘C’ indicate that the student was correct.
(3)
d. Name the test tube in which, by the end of the experiment, the largest number of beetroot cells appeared:
i. turgid; (2)
ii. plasmolysed. (2)
e. If animal cells were used in this experiment, cells in some of the test tubes would have burst. Explain why beetroot cells did not burst.
(2)
f. Explain why beetroot discs were cut to the same diameter size and thickness.
(1)
[Total: 15 marks]
4. a. Some birds are adapted to help plants by carrying seeds to an environment
where these can germinate.
i. Name two conditions necessary for seeds to germinate. (2)
ii. Explain why seeds need to have a store of food to start germinating. (2)
iii. The seed grows a radicle that starts absorbing minerals by active transport.
Define ‘active transport’.
(2) iv. Birds have very light bones. Explain the importance of this feature to birds. (2)
v. List two other characteristics common to all birds. (2)
b. i. Fish are adapted to a totally different type of habitat from that of birds. Name the kind of habitat that fish are adapted to.
(1)
ii. Select two features of fish and explain how they help them survive in this habitat.
(4)
[Total: 15 marks]
Page 12 of 12 Biology – Year 9 – Track 2 – 2019
5. a. Soil is made up of organic and inorganic particles.
i. Name one example of an organic and one example of an inorganic soil
particle.
(2) ii. Explain why, for plants growing in the soil, retaining a film of water around
soil particles is better than filling the gaps between particles with water. (2)
b. The film of water around soil particles hosts protists, such as various species of Amoeba. Some Amoeba group up to hunt nematodes while
others are parasites to other small invertebrates.
i. Mention one characteristic of nematodes. (1)
ii. Define the term ‘parasite’. (2)
c. With the aid of diagrams, explain how Amoeba can feed on smaller food
particles. (4)
d. Amoeba is a good source of nutrients for earthworms. Describe two beneficial effects of attracting earthworms to the soil.
(4)
[Total: 15 marks]
