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1 LCS 15
SEPT 2017
Index Page 2 Description of all 3 sections of the exam then copy of Section 1 of the syllabus (Old Covenant)
Page 3 Section 2 of the syllabus (New Covenant)
Page 4 Exam tips for Sections 1 & 2
Page 5 Revision notes on Creation
Page 6 Revision notes on Abraham
Page 7 -8 Revision notes on Moses
Page 9-10 Example questions
Page 11 Some of Jesus’ key teachings
Page 12-13 Parables & Kingdom of God
Page 14 Miracles & the Kingdom of God
Pages 15-16 Glossary of terms/definitions to learn (taken from ISEB CE syllabus B)
YEAR 8 RS Revision
Booklet
2 LCS 15
The Religious Studies exam will be a (Syllabus B) CE paper in three sections. The exam is one hour long so each section should take you 20 minutes.
Sections 1 and 2 are on the Old and New Covenants respectively. For these two sections, you will have to answer two 4-part questions, one on an Old Testament topic and one on a New Testament topic. The possible topics are listed below: Section 1 – 1 topic from Creation / Fall / Abraham / Moses & Passover / 10 Commandments Section 2 – one topic from Person of Jesus / Discipleship / Kingdom of God / Passion & Resurrection / Sacraments. [NB: The exam paper will only have 4 out of these possible 5 headings so you should learn at least 2 topics to be safe! You might find questions on the Passion & Resurrection and/or on Sacraments in Section 3 of the paper as well.] Section 3 is different from the other two sections. You have to answer four factual questions, each worth 5 marks. There are 3 areas you will be questioned on:
1. The Birth and Life of the Church 2. Community Life in the Church 3. The Liturgical Year and Devotion
You must answer one question on each of these topics plus one more question of your choice. SECTION 1: THE OLD COVENANT (Revise a minimum of TWO of these – Creation & Fall only count as one!) Creation:
• Genesis 1: 1-2:1-25 • The purpose of Creation • Humans as created in God’s image • Modern views of the origins of the universe • Stewardship
The Fall:
• Genesis 3 • The effects of the Fall on men and women • Human nature • Sin and evil
Abraham • The call of Abraham: Genesis 12 • Abraham’s relationship with God • Abraham and Isaac: Genesis 17 • The near sacrifice of Isaac: Genesis 22 • Abraham’s character and example
Moses and the Passover • The call of Moses • Moses’ relationship with God: Exodus 2-3 • Moses’ character and example • The Passover: Exodus 12 • The Passover as a symbol of liberation
God’s Covenant with His people
• The Ten Commandments: Exodus 19-20 • The Idea of Covenant: Exodus 24 • Contemporary significance of the Ten Commandments • David and Bethsheba
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SECTION 2: THE NEW COVENANT: JESUS CHRIST AND THE SACRAMENTS (Again, to be safe, you should revise a MINIMUM of TWO of these topics, as the paper will only have FOUR of these topics, not FIVE as below. Nothing is wasted, though much of your revision for Section 2 can also be useful in Section 3 on the Church e.g. Sacraments/Advent/Lent)
The Person of Jesus • The Incarnation • Jesus’ childhood: Mtt 1:18-24(boy Jesus in Temple) • Jesus’ baptism: Matthew 3:13-17 • Jesus’ healing ministry MK 2:1-12 • Jesus’ work with outcasts Sinful Woman Jn 8:1-11 • Jesus’ teaching on repentance and forgiveness
Discipleship • The call of the disciples: Matthew 4:18-22 • The identity of the disciples: Matthew 10:1-4 • The call and commissioning of Peter: Matthew 16:13-28 • Discipleship today
The Kingdom of God Parables
• Types of parables
• Why Jesus taught using parables
• The Lost Son: Luke 15:11-32
• The Good Samaritan: Luke 10:25-37
• The Parable of the Talents: Matthew 25:14-30
• The Parable of the Sower Mk 4:1-20 Miracles
• Types of miracle (over nature / healing / raising dead)
• Why Jesus performed miracles
• The Feeding of the Five Thousand: Mark 6:35-44
•
The Sacraments • Grace • Nature of the seven Sacraments • In particular: Baptism, Reconciliation, Mass/Eucharist
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Revision Tips for Sections 1&2 In Sections 1 & 2 each 4-part question will be formatted as follows and should take you 20 minutes to complete.
a. A short factual question worth 2 points.
b. A ‘describe’ question worth 6 points. Describe what happened when . . . You might have to retell a Bible story or summarize a miracle/parable, for example.
c. An ‘explain’ question worth 6 points. This will test your understanding of the meaning of the Bible passage/story.
d. A ‘discuss’ question also worth 7 points. Question d) is designed for scholars to show off their ability to argue both sides of a moral/ethical question.
Here are 2 examples of CE exam questions, one Old Testament and one New:
Creation
a. What is stewardship? (2)
b. Describe how God created Adam and Eve. (6)
c. Explain how the relationship between God and humans changed (6)
after the Fall.
d. ‘The Creation stories help us to understand the importance of the (7)
natural environment.’ Discuss.
Discipleship
a. What is a disciple? (2)
b. Describe the call of the disciples. (6)
c. Explain what Jesus’ choice of disciples teaches us about Christianity. (6)
d. ‘To be a disciple today, you need humility above all else.’ Discuss. (7)
Question ‘a’ – short sentence! You should make sure you know the meaning/definition of the relevant terms from the ISEB syllabus glossary, e.g.: covenant, crucifixion, Decalogue, faith, Holy Week, incarnation, Kingdom of God, Last Supper, Lent, miracle, Original Sin, parable, Passover, resurrection, sacrifice, salvation, sin, stewardship, temptation.
Question ‘b’ – full paragraph. This question will test your Bible knowledge of the stories we have studied as well as your ability to summarise them clearly. The key thing is to keep the facts relevant. Don’t write absolutely everything you know about the subject!
Question ‘c’ – full paragraph. This tests your understanding and interpretation skills. You need to show that you understand the passage and that you are able to explain clearly what it means.
Question ‘d’ – MORE than one paragraph! The last question usually presents you with a quotation with which you can agree/disagree. Your task is to argue/debate for/against the quotation using relevant modern examples or reference to the Bible where appropriate. Your answer doesn’t need to be long but you do need to consider both sides of the argument/debate (hence at least 2 paragraphs – 1 for, 1 against + introduction/conclusion) and you need to STRUCTURE your argument clearly. This is the question most Senior Schools look at in order to sort the really good candidates from the rest.
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Notes on the Creation stories in Genesis
There are two creation stories in the book of Genesis. Basically they are the first story which talks of God
making the world in six days and resting on the seventh and then the second story that talks about the
Garden of Eden and Man’s fall from grace – the one that deals with Original Sin.
Most (moderate) believers in God do not understand these stories to be literally true. The stories contain
what we call ‘theological truths’ – not scientific truths. Moderate believers think that the writers of these two
stories wanted to communicate the following to us:
God creates everything from nothing
God is good and everything God made is good
There is only one God
The sun, stars and moon are parts of God’s creation
God creates man to work with him
Adam and Eve represent us all- every man and women who walks on the earth, who is loved by
God, created by God, who has the potential for love in them but also has the capacity to do bad and
to turn away from God.
The first creation story describes the universe as we normally see it. The earth, the flowers, the moon, the
sun etc. All this came into being and remains in being because God freely gives it being by the power of his
word alone. Its existence is contingent on God- God didn’t need anyone to create God- as God always was
and shall be- but all other things in the universe came into being because of God’s creative power. It is
reliant on this power.
In the first creation story God makes human beings on the sixth day. It also says that Human beings were
made in God’s image – such is their importance and honour. This is why each human is understood to have
such dignity.
Humans are then given dominion over (put in charge of) all the animals and fish. Humans are asked to be
‘stewards of creation’ in God’s place. Humans are to ‘look after the planet’. God was pleased with his
creation – again this emphasises the notion that creation is good.
The combined theological messages of both the stories are that God created all living beings, including
humanity. It does not matter if we deduce that this was from the ‘Big Bang’ (a modern, widely accepted
scientific theory) or by any other means that science can prove. The message is that God loves the whole of
creation; and wants it to flourish and live in harmony. But sadly, through the selfish actions of people, it has
become tainted and damaged by evil.
This is not the end of the story. Christians believe there is a way back to perfect harmony and that is through
Christ. Remember the following bullet points:
All things come from God and depend continually upon God for their very being;
God has freely created all things;
By their nature they are good;
Humans are created in the image of God;
They are appointed as stewards of creation to develop it in accordance with God’s purpose.
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Notes on Abraham
To be a Jew was to be a descendant of Abraham (an Israelite). Abraham is thought to be the father of the
Jewish nation. God made a covenant (solemn promise) with him that if Abraham worshipped only Him,
then Abraham would father a great nation.
He is also understood to be ‘the Father of a multitude of nations’. ‘In you all the nations of the earth shall be
blessed.’(Genesis 17:5; 12:3)
Key points:
• Abraham is famed for being the first person to say' there is only One God- not many'. This does not
sound like much but in times when it was believed there were many Gods - for many different things - it
was truly revolutionary!
• The story of Abraham is a story of faith. God made several promises to him: that he
would have a land to live in, he would have a son, and a great nation would be
descended from him. This was God's covenant with Abraham (sort of like a solemn
promise – basically - God was saying- ‘if you love, have faith in and recognise Me as the One True God-
I will make all my promises come true) and all that he promised came true. Down through the ages
Abraham has become known as 'our father in faith'.
• We are the descendants of Abraham and we have inherited God's great blessings. In
return God wants us to recognise and love him as our God, to trust him, and to have
faith in him. This is what he asks of us today.
Abraham and the sacrifice of Isaac
• God asked Abraham to take Isaac to the land of Moriah and offer him as a sacrifice
• They went up a mountain- Isaac carried the wood- Abraham got to the point he was about to cut Isaac’s
throat before an Angel appeared and told Abraham to stop.
• A ram appeared in the bushes and Abraham sacrificed that instead. He called the place 'God will
provide'.
This seemed an impossibly harsh and brutal request by God. However, it was the ultimate test of faith and
Abraham passed. In other words he was prepared to do what God wanted above what he wanted- even if this
meant killing his beloved son.
Also- in this story is an equally important message which was this: The One True God (that Abraham
worshipped) never wanted anyone to sacrifice their first born son to Him. Barbaric as this sounds -this was a
common practice - and the message was that God wanted no one else ever to perform such a sacrifice.
Sample exam question:
(a) What is sacrifice? (2)
(b) Describe how God tested Abraham through his son Isaac. (6)
(c) Explain how God established a covenant relationship with Abraham. (6)
(d) ‘Abraham is a good role model for us today.’ Discuss. (6)
• On the one hand, Abraham’s faith and obedience have inspired many
• On the other hand, others think Abraham’s blind faith was dangerous
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Notes on Moses
Remember there are usually TWO questions on Moses in Section 1 of the paper:-
Moses and the Passover (obviously about Moses!)
God’s Covenant with His People (less obvious! = Moses & 10 Commandments)
The Israelites had ended up in Egypt to escape famine in their own country but after a while
(approx. 400 years) they were treated badly by the Egyptians and made into slaves.
They were desperate and prayed for God to help them.
God decided that the best way to help his people was to get them out of Egypt. So he needed
a leader to get them out. He chose Moses.
Moses narrowly escaped death as a child in a basket; he was rescued by Egyptian princess
and then brought up in the Egyptian palace. However, he never forgot he was an Israelite.
One day he saw an Israelite being beaten savagely. He protected the Israelite but, in doing
so, killed the Egyptian. He had to flee to another country called Midian. He was a shepherd
there for forty years.
One day, shepherding his flock of sheep near Mount Sinai, Moses came across a ‘burning
bush’. It was God calling him to lead his people (The Israelites) out of Egypt. God said to
Moses that he had heard His people’s plight and wanted Moses to go and tell the king of
Egypt (Pharaoh) to let His people go.
Moses said, ‘When I go to the Israelites and say that the God of your ancestors sent me to
you, they will ask me what is his name? So what shall I tell them?’
God said: ‘Tell them ‘I Am who I Am’ this is what you must say to them: ‘the one who is
called I AM has sent me to you.’
Moses said, ‘I’m not a great public speaker,’ so God said he could take his brother Aaron to
help.
Moses also said he might be able to convince the Israelites that God had really asked him to
do this but convincing Pharaoh was another thing entirely! So God said, ‘I’ll give you some
special powers.’
1. Stick thrown to ground-becomes snake-picks it up by tail and it turns back to stick;
2. God says M. to put hand in robe –when he pulls it out first time it is covered in white
spots (leprosy)- puts it back in and it becomes well again when brought out again;
3. Also Moses can take water from Nile – pour it on ground and it becomes blood.
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Moses returns and then you get the whole episode with the 9 plagues - the last being the
worst - the death of all the first-born sons.
God knows this final plague will be the one that will finally ‘do it’ and tells all the Israelites
to be ready to leave at any moment after the plague which will happen around midnight - that
is why they must eat this special meal (roasted lamb with bitter herbs and bread without
yeast.) The yeast is unleavened because they have not time to let it rise and the lamb is used
so they can smear the blood of the lamb on the door to show the Angel of Death that they are
Israelite children in the house and not Egyptians.
They then escape - Pharaoh has a change of heart last minute - chases them down to the Red
Sea - Moses parts the Red Sea - it closes on the following Egyptians - they are now on a
journey through the desert (it takes them forty years) to get to the Promised Land – Canaan.
In the Sinai desert
V. Important- God calls Moses to the top of Mt. Sinai and gives him the 10 Commandments
on two tablets of stone. The Israelites aren’t allowed to approach the mountain. The Lord
said to Moses, ‘I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear me
speaking with you and will put their trust in you.’
It is a hugely significant covenant. For the first time ever ‘The Law’ (what you should do to
be in the right relationship with God) is written down. And the covenant is ‘If you live by
these laws (the Israelites’ side of the bargain) then I your God will look after you and
provide for you’. This covenant agreement is sealed with blood (just as the New Covenant
between God and man is sealed with the blood of Jesus.)
Make sure you can spell:
Pharaoh, Egypt(ian), Israelite, plague, covenant, Sinai, Canaan
9 LCS 15
Example Exam Question on Moses & the Passover
NB: You would not be expected to write in as much detail as this!
(a) What is the Passover?
The Passover was when God saved the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.
(b) Describe what happened on the night of the first Passover.
The night of the first Passover was the night God sent the tenth and worst plague against Egypt, killing their
firstborn sons and animals. It was the night Pharaoh at last changed his mind and agreed to let the Israelites
go.
God gave the Israelites specific instructions so that they would not be harmed and so that they would be
ready to leave quickly. They had to cook and eat a special meal of roast lamb, bitter herbs and unleavened
bread, (the bread was made without yeast because they would not have time to wait for the bread to rise).
Any bit of the roast lamb that wasn’t eaten had to be burnt. They had to be dressed ready to leave quickly.
For protection they had to mark the door frames of their houses with blood from the lamb. (“When I see the
blood, I will pass over you and will not harm you.”) God also told them to celebrate this festival in future to
remember what He had done.
The Israelites did what God commanded and the Angel of Death passed over their homes and spared their
sons but killed all the Egyptian firstborn, including Pharaoh’s eldest son. As a result Pharaoh sent for Moses
and Aaron in the middle of the night and told them to leave Egypt. The Israelites left (Exodus) and started
on their journey towards the Promised Land, (they had been in Egypt for 430 years since the time of
Joseph).
(c) Explain why the Passover remains an important event for Christians.
Although Christians don’t celebrate Passover in the way that Jews still do today, Passover is still very
important to Christians as a symbol of liberation, the most famous Old Testament story of God acting to
save His people. Christians believe that God performed a similar rescue story in the person of Jesus. Where
God through Moses saved his people from slavery, Jesus saved us from the slavery of sin and death. The
Israelites put the blood of the Passover Lamb on their door frames whereas Jesus, Lamb of God, gave his
own blood to save us. The name Jesus means ‘Yahweh saves’ and it is no coincidence that He died at the
time of Passover. New Testament writers refer to him as our ‘Passover Lamb’. Moses led the Israelites
through the waters of the Red Sea and on towards the Promised Land; Jesus went through death for us and
leads his people through the waters of baptism to the ‘promised land’ of heaven and eternal life with God.
His is the ‘blood of the new covenant’ and his body was the ‘bread broken for us’ on the Cross. He took the
old Passover symbols at the Last Supper, his last Passover meal just before he died, and he instituted a new
way for his followers to remember him through the gifts (sacraments) of bread and wine. So, just as God
told the Jews to remember what He had done for them by celebrating Passover each year with a special
meal, so Jesus told us to remember Him by celebrating the special meal of the Eucharist.
10 LCS 15
(d) ‘Moses sets a good example for us to follow.’ Discuss.
Moses was a good example for us to follow because, like us, he wasn’t really anybody special and he often
doubted himself. Despite his doubts he accepted God’s call and did what God said.
When he first tried to help his people, the Jews, he ended up killing an Egyptian and having to flee
for his life. This certainly wasn’t a good example! Forty years later when God called him, at the burning
bush on Mount Sinai, Moses seemed reluctant to accept the job of going to Pharaoh and asking him to let the
Israelites go. He was full of questions and seemed to think God might have chosen the wrong person! He
knew he wasn’t a good speaker and didn’t think either his own people or Pharaoh would listen to him.
Despite his doubts, in the end he agreed to do what God asked him and we see him grow in confidence as
the story of Exodus unfolds. I think, therefore, that Moses does set us a good example to follow because he
was obedient to God and trusted that God would act through him even though he knew he was nothing
special. He ended up a great leader as he learnt to trust in God rather than himself.
Many people have been inspired by the example of Moses to stand up and fight against wrongs in
society. Famous examples include William Wilberforce and Martin Luther King. Like Moses, they had to
persevere for years before they saw a break-through. “Let my people go!” remains a rallying cry today.
You can choose a different point to argue so long as you remember
to argue BOTH sides clearly, ideally with one paragraph for
and one against, before coming to your own conclusion.
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Jesus’ teaching, ministry of healing, forgiveness & preaching
It is only in the last three years of Jesus' life that we really get to understand his mission in
life (this includes his resurrection). In this time he did a lot of teaching about how God the Father wants us
to live. He healed a lot of people (in response to their faith in him and sometimes just out of compassion)
and he constantly spoke of the need for all of us to forgive one another just as our Father in heaven forgives
us for things we do wrong. He taught us many things about how God our father wishes us to behave. We
are going to look at some of his key teachings and try and understand what they mean and how we can put
them into practice.
Love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul and mind and love your neighbor as
yourself. (Matthew Ch 22: vv37-40)
Jesus often talked about the importance of putting God first on your list of priorities
i.e. recognise, be thankful, give thanks to that higher power, the creative force that made
the universe and therefore you. If you do this you are starting off from the right standpoint.
The second part about your neighbour is also explained by 'do unto others as you would have done to
yourself.' Basically treat other people, as you yourself would like to be treated. If for example you start
doing something to someone about which you think, 'hang on, I don't think I would enjoy this if it was being
done to me'- then stop! A simple but profound piece of teaching.
Jesus also said, 'love your enemies; do good to those who hate you; bless those who
curse you (Luke Ch6: vv27-31)
This seems very difficult to do and indeed it is! However Jesus is inviting us to be 'like the Father'- and God
loves everyone unconditionally (that is without question - rather like your parents love you) and so if we are
to be followers of Christ then we have to be as close to Father as he is- in other words we must be full of
love, patience and understanding for everyone- even those people who really aren't that nice to us! Like
Jesus says - it’s easy to be lovely and nice to those people who are lovely and nice to us- the challenge is to
be loving to those who aren't.
Jesus also said, 'If anyone wants to be a follower of mine they must deny themself, take
up their cross daily and follow me.' (Luke Ch6 vv27-31)
In other words- if you are to be a follower of Christ you must be prepared to serve others and not just
yourself- and in this comment Jesus is hinting that following his Father's teachings (Christ's teachings- Jesus'
teachings) is not the easy option.
But it’s not all doom and gloom! Jesus tells us that actually as we continue to serve others in our lives -then
we find a lovely, true, inner peace that gives us far more pleasure and strength than the little things we do
just purely for ourselves.
For example how much pleasure do you think somebody who helps starving or orphaned or sick children in
the Third World gets from seeing the difference their work makes to those children’s lives? Do you think
they would have got more pleasure from saving some money and then shopping in Birmingham?
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Parables and the Kingdom of God
The Sower / The Lost Son / The Good Samaritan / The Talents
Match up the 4 parables we have looked at with the following descriptions.
____________________________shows us that even sinners are welcome in the Kingdom
of God so long as they repent.
___________________________ shows us that the Kingdom of God is an everlasting,
heavenly Kingdom and that the choices we make on earth will have everlasting
consequences.
___________________ shows us that membership of the Kingdom of God is not automatic.
It depends on a person’s response to God’s word (the Gospel).
______________________________ shows us how people should behave in the Kingdom
of God. Being ‘religious’ is not enough; we need to love our neighbours (& enemies!) in a
practical way.
A Parable Acrostic
Popular teaching method of the day
About the Kingdom of God
Relates to everyday life
A good way of teaching (memorable)
Basic story with spiritual meaning
Learn from them
Easy to understand (. . . but hard to live out!)
Jesus and the Outcasts
Which of these four parables show us Jesus’ compassion for outcasts?
A key teaching of Jesus from Mark 2:17
“People who are well do not need a doctor,
but only those who are sick.
I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”
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Definition of ‘parable’ – story or saying comparing the Kingdom of God with
everyday human events (a story with a special spiritual meaning or message)
Definition of ‘kingdom of God’ – Jesus’ teaching about community and
behavior, demonstrated by his teaching and actions
Jesus’ parables are about the kingdom of God. He presented a kingdom that
was not a geographical area but about living in a close relationship with
God. He invited people to open their eyes and ears to recognise the kingdom and
to open their hearts to God’s rule (a way of living guided by God’s law).
The Catholic Church sees parables as offering invitation and challenge. Through
his parables Jesus invites people to the feast of his kingdom but he also asks for a
radical choice: to gain the kingdom one must give everything. Words are not
enough, deeds are required. The parables are like mirrors for us: will we be hard
soil or good earth for the word?
The invitation is universal and personal. We are all invited to enter the Kingdom
of God. Nobody is excluded, no matter how they have sinned (much to the
disgust of the Jewish Pharisees and other religious leaders at the time of Jesus.)
Jesus and the presence of the kingdom in the world are secretly at the heart of the
parables. One must enter the kingdom, that is become a disciple, in order to
‘know the secrets of the kingdom of heaven’. For those who stay ‘outside’,
everything remains enigmatic (difficult to understand).
For a parable to do its work there need to be three stages of response in the
listener:
• Listen – take the story/parable in
• Understand – work out its message
• Reflect – think how its message applies to you AND APPLY IT!
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A sample Miracle questions (made up by Miss S!)
Each 4-part question should take 20 minutes, just as in your exam. Question (a) requires
one sentence, (b)&(c) a paragraph each and question (d) two paragraphs so that you can
argue both sides of the question before coming to your own conclusion.
(Suggested answers in italicized bullet points)
Remember questions on ‘Jesus and the Kingdom of God’
in Section 2 are likely to be about parables and / or miracles.
Some of this information may also be useful for the section on ‘The Person of Jesus’.
Jesus and the Kingdom of God example
a) What is the Kingdom of God? (2)
• Jesus’ teaching about community and behaviour, demonstrated by his teaching
and actions. (from Glossary)
b) Describe how Jesus fed the five thousand. (6)
• Tell the story in your own words (see Mark 6:35-44)
c) Explain why the people reacted by wanting to make him king. (6)
• Jesus giving them bread miraculously reminded them of Moses giving the
Israelites bread (manna) in the wilderness.
• They hoped he might be the prophet they had been waiting for, the one
described in the Old Testament.
• They thought he might overthrow the Romans and put an end to their suffering.
d) “Feeding the hungry is our Christian duty.” Discuss. (6)
• Yes, we should follow example of Jesus, showing love in very practical way, e.g.
Mother Teresa in slums of Calcutta.
• No, modern society has organisations to look after the poor and feed the
homeless etc. Most people, not just Christians, support extreme cases of famine
in Africa / to earthquake victims etc.
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Glossary – LEARN these definitions!
Advent four-week period of preparation for Christmas
Ash Wednesday day which marks the beginning of the six weeks of Lent
Baptism first sacrament; the sacrament by which a person becomes a
Christian
Blasphemy speaking against God or making oneself equal to God
Canonization process by which the Catholic Church recognizes a person to be a
Saint
Christ or Messiah anointed one
Christmas feast when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus
Church people of God
Covenant solemn promise between two people or two groups of people, or an
agreement between God and His people
Crucifixion Roman death penalty of being nailed to a cross
Decalogue Ten Commandments
Disciple follower or student
Easter Sunday day on which Jesus rose from the dead
Faith having an active trust in someone or in God
Fasting going without food to enable oneself to be more aware of God
Good Friday day on which Jesus was crucified
Grace God’s unconditional love for humans
Holy Communion receiving Christ during Mass
Holy Father one of the most common titles for the Pope
Holy Week last week of Jesus’ life, from Palm Sunday to Easter Sunday
Incarnation teaching that God truly became a Man, Jesus, in the womb of
Mary; Jesus is truly Man and truly God
Justice treating others fairly
Kingdom of God Jesus’ teaching about community and behaviour, demonstrated by
his teaching and actions
Last Supper Passover meal, which Jesus shared with his Disciples on the night
He was arrested
Lent six-week period of repentance before Easter
Marriage sacrament by which a man and woman are made one by God
Miracle marvellous event attributed to a supernatural cause
Mission when a person is called by God to preach His word
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Original Sin sinful tendency, which humans inherit from Adam and Eve’s
disobedience
Palm Sunday first day of Holy Week, when Jesus entered Jerusalem
Parable story with a special spiritual meaning or message
Passover time when God saved the Israelites from slavery in Egypt
Pentecost festival occurring on Whit Sunday, remembering the descent of the
Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and followers of Jesus
Persecution harassment or ill treatment on grounds of religious beliefs
Prophet person chosen by God to speak God’s message to the people
Reconciliation (penance) sacrament by which a person who is truly sorry receives the
Forgiveness of Jesus through a priest
Resurrection rising to new life from the dead
Sacrament living sign by which Christians receive God’s help for their souls in
a living way
Sacrifice giving up something for something of greater value
Salvation being saved and brought into relationship with God
Sin disobeying God and being separated from Him
Son of God Jesus’ unique relationship with God
Stewardship looking after the world for God
Symbol something which is used to help people understand difficult ideas
Temptation desire to do something wrong
Vatican state in Rome where the Pope is based
Wisdom ability to distinguish between good and evil
Worship giving praise and honour to God