Year 7

Knowledge Organiser

Homework booklet

Half Term 2

2017-2018

Name:

Form:

2

This term all homework will be set on Show my Homework and will

be focused on learning key vocabulary for each subject using

Knowledge organisers.

You will be required to learn prescribed parts of the knowledge

organiser each week; these will formally quizzes in following

lessons.

Why are we using knowledge organisers?

The GCSE and BTEC courses now have a greater focus on the retrieval of

knowledge.

Students are required to know specific dates, keywords and formula.

By learning the key facts from as early as Year 7, the knowledge will become

part of your long term memory.

If you can retrieve key facts you are able to access higher demand

questions.

How do I use a Knowledge organiser?

Each knowledge organiser has the key facts for the topic you are learning

You will have specific homework set around each area of the knowledge

organiser

You need to memorise the content of the knowledge organiser before you

are quizzed in class

Use the look, and cover, and say, and write, and check method to learn

the information.

3

Contents

Subject Page

number Maths- Geometry- Shape 4-5

Maths Geometry- Angles 6-7

Maths Geometry- Measures 8-9

Maths Statistics 10-11

Maths Probability 12-13

Maths Number 14-15

Maths Algerba 16-17

English- The Lie Tree 18

Science- Cells, tissues and organs 19

Science- Sound and Light 20

History- The Crusades 21

Geography- Energy Use 22

Geography- Water and Food Use 23

Spanish- Palabras (words) 24-27

Computer Science 28-32

Art 33

Design and Technology 34

Food preparation and nutrition 35

Music- Composition 36

Drama 37

Core PE- Badminton 38-43

PSHE 44

Geometry

(shape)

area volume plane surface edge angle vertex (plural - vertices) face side

Other 2D shapes semicircle circle -tangent -radius -circumference - diameter - sector - chord - arc - segment

3D solids sphere cylinder cube cuboid hemisphere tetrahedron cone pyramid

Constructions arc bisect perpendicular angle parallel tessellation

(3) triangle equilateral isosceles (5) pentagon scalene right angled (6) hexagon (7) heptagon (8) octagon (9) nonagon (10) decagon (4) quadrilateral (12) dodecagon kite trapezium square rectangle parallelogram rhombus arrowhead

similar shapes congruent

2D shapes - Polygons irregular or regular

5

Definitions

angle a measure of turn

arc a fraction of the circumference of a circle, often drawn when 'constructing' a circle area a measure of how much surface a shape covers bisect to cut exactly in half into two equal pieces chord a line from one side of a circle to another point on the circumference. circle the loci of all the points that are equal distance from a point (the centre) circumference the curved line around a circle cone a solid shape with a circular base coming to a point congruent shapes which are identical in shape and size construction to accurately draw something using compasses, pencil, ruler, protractor cube a solid shape with 6 square faces cuboid a solid shape with 6 rectangular faces cylinder a prism with a circular face (like a tin) diameter a line from one side of a circle to the other through the centre, cutting it exactly in half. edge the place where two faces meet face a flat surface found on a 3D shape hemisphere half a sphere (or half a ball) irregular a 2D shape where the sides and angles are not all the same parallel two straight lines in the same direction

equal distances from each other (like train tracks) perpendicular meeting at a 90° angle plane a flat surface, often drawn to show symmetry for solids

polygon a 2D shape made up of straight sides pyramid a 3D solid shape with a usually a square or triangular base, rising to a point radius (pl. radii) a line joining the centre of a circle to the edge regular a shape where all sides and angles are the same. These have rotational symmetry which is the

same order as the number of sides

sector a fraction of a circle (in the shape of a piece of pie) segment a piece of a circle, formed by cutting a straight line across the circle - looks like

semicircle half of a circle

side one of the boundaries of a shape similar two shapes are similar if they have identical angles and one shape is an enlargement of the other

sphere a 3D shape - a ball shape

surface a flat area tessellation an arrangement of shapes that fit together with no gaps or overlaps

tangent a line touching a circle but not crossing it

Tetrahedron a solid with 4 faces (triangular based pyramid)

vertex (pl. vertices) a point where three faces meet

volume the amount of space a 3D solid takes up, often measured in cm3 or m3

6

Angle descriptors acute right angle obtuse straight angle reflex point

Types of angle interior angle exterior angle angle of depression angle of elevation

Angle Rules parallel transversal allied/co-interior alternate equal sum perpendicular vertically opposite corresponding

Labels

theta Θ degree ° adjacent opposite hypotenuse

Geometry

(angles)

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ANGLE RULES TO BE QUOTED (IN EXAMS)

The angles at a point add up to 360°

The angles on a line add up to 180°

Vertically opposite angles are equal

Angles in a triangle add up to 180°

Angles in a quadrilateral add up to 360°

Exterior angles of a polygon sum to 360°

Alternate angles

are equal

Corresponding angles

are equal

Allied (or co-interior)

angles sum to 180°

DEFINITIONS allied/co-interior angles on the same side of the transversal but between the parallel lines. alternate angles either side of the transversal between the parallel lines

angle of depression the angle between the horizontal and an object below angle of elevation the angle between the horizontal and an object above corresponding angles in an equivalent or same position but elsewhere on the diagram degree ° a unit of measure of turn exterior angle the angle out the outside of a polygon hypotenuse the longest side of a right angled triangle acute an angle between 0 and 90° interior angle an angle inside a polygon obtuse an angle between 90° and 180° opposite the side opposite the angle in a right angled triangle parallel lines which are drawn in the same direction and are the same distance between each other perpendicular lines which meet at 90° point a dot, or a place where 2 or more lines meet reflex an angle between 180° and 360° right angle a 90° angle (found in squares and rectangles) straight angle a 180°angle sum to find the total or to add up

theta Θ the Greek letter often used to label an angle transversal the name of a line which crosses parallel lines vertically opposite angles opposite each other formed where two straight lines cross

8

,

Geometry

(measures)

Volume metric km3, m3, cm3, mm3 imperial inch3 , cubic foot, ft3

Capacity metric litre (l), millilitre (ml), centilitre (cl) imperial pint, gallon, fluid ounce

Area metric km2, m2, cm2 , mm2 imperial square mile, inch2, square foot, ft2

Length metric kilometre (km), metre (m), centimetre (cm), millimetre (mm) imperial mile (mi), yard (yd), foot (ft), inch(in)

Mass metric tonne, kilogram (kg), gram(g), milligram (mg) Imperial ton, stone (st), pound (lb), ounce (oz)

circumference perimeter scale

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Metric Conversion

Length 1km = 1000m

1m = 100cm

1m = 1000mm

1cm = 10mm

Area 1m2 = 100×100 = 10 000cm2

1cm2 = 10×10 = 100mm2

Volume 1m3 = 100 ×100×100= 1 000 000cm3

Capacity 1litre = 1000ml (or 1000cm3)

1 litre = 100cl

Mass 1 tonne = 1000kg

1kg = 1000g

1g = 1000mg

Imperial Conversions 1 yard = 3feet 1stone = 14lb

1 foot = 12 inches 1lb = 16oz

Common Metric-Imperial Conversions 1 yard = 0.9m

5miles = 8km (1 miles = 1.6km)

1kg = 2.2lb

1inch = 2.5cm

1litre = 1.75pints

1oz = 28g

Definitions capacity and volume volume is the amount of

space being taken up by an object or substance.

Capacity is the space available. Example: A bucket

has a capacity of 20 litres so the volume of water

needed to fill it is 20 litres.

perimeter the distance around the outside of a

shape

imperial and old fashioned British system of

measures

metric a system of units which uses 10, 100, 1000s

length the distance between two fixed points

area the amount of a surface taken up by a shape.

mass the quantity of matter the object contains

10

Statistics

Calculations average / measure of location mean median mode modal class measures of dispersion (spread) range interquartile range (IQR) quartile

Tables frequency cumulative frequency class/interval two-way table

Data collection data collection sheet questionnaire sample biased fair representation random sample stratified sample population continuous data discrete data quantitative data qualitative data

Diagrams cumulative frequency curve histogram pie chart stem and leaf diagram box plot frequency polygon pictogram scatter graph correlation line of best fit interpolate extrapolate

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Definitions average / measure of location a single value used to describe the value of a set of data biased an unfair or prejudiced set of data that does not fairly represent the population box plot a diagram showing the median, upper quartile, lower quartile, max, min, where the box shows the middle half of the data class/interval the numerical range of values or group e.g. 10 - 20 or 10<x≤ 20 continuous data data that has no gaps in it, usually from a measurement like time, length or mass correlation where two variables are directly linked, usually described as positive or negative cumulative frequency a running total of the frequencies cumulative frequency curve cumulative frequency plotted as a curve against the data data collection sheet a sheet designed to collect data, usually containing tally charts discrete data data with gaps (like shoe size) or where something has been counted (number of pets) extrapolate to use a line to predict a future value past known information fair representation a sample picked from a whole population in a fair way frequency the total frequency polygon used to join midpoints of class intervals histogram a bar chart where the area is the frequency and the bars touch each other Interpolate to estimate a value from a trend line within range

interquartile range (IQR) UQ - LQ a measure of spread line of best fit a trend line on a scatter diagram mean a type of average found by adding the data then dividing by how many numbers there are measures of dispersion how spread out the data is

median the middle value from an ordered list

modal class the group with the highest frequency (the most)

mode the value that occurs the most

pictogram a diagram with pictures and a key

pie chart a circle where each sector represents a group of data

Population the whole group being investigated

qualitative data data in words

quantitative data numerical data

quartile ordered data, split up into quarters

questionnaire a question with option boxes random sample each member of the population is equally likely to be picked (names out of a hat) range the biggest value - the smallest value, a measure of dispersion or spread

sample a selection of data taken from the whole population scatter graph a graph (not joined up) showing plots between two variables looking for a pattern

stem and leaf diagram a statistical diagram with a key stratified sample a sample where a proportion of each group is chosen two-way table a table showing two types of information (i.e. gender and age group)

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Probability

chance impossible likely unlikely certain equally likely even chance odds

independent mutually exclusive

biased fair outcome trial event

theoretical probability experimental probability relative frequency expected frequency

tree diagram Venn diagram sample space

fraction decimal percentage

(never as a ratio!)

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Definitions biased where the sample or outcome is distorted or unfair and

the outcomes are not equally likely certain the event will definitely occur and no other event

is possible chance the likelihood of an event happening equally likely every outcome has an equal chance of

happening even chance the probability of the event happening is 0.5

event a combination of one or more outcomes

i.e P(even number on a dice) or P(Q,K or A card) expected frequency the number of times you expect to

achieve a particular event when an experiment is repeated a number of times experimental probability = relative frequency

a probability calculated from an experiment which has been repeated a number of times and the outcomes recorded. fair unbiased and all the outcomes are equally likely

Impossible the event cannot happen Independent the probability of one event occurring is not

affected by another event. likely the event is possible (more than an even chance) but is

not certain

mutually exclusive two events that cannot occur at the

same time (heads and tails, clubs and spades)

odds probability in Mathematics is never written as an odd

i.e 3:1 or similar outcomes a list of all the possibilities - events are

combinations of these relative frequency = experimental probability

sample space a diagram or table listing all of the possible

outcomes theoretical probability a probability that is calculated on

the properties of the problem (i.e 52 cards in a pack or 6 faces on a fair dice). Experimentation is not needed and the probability is accurate tree diagram a diagram used to show all the possible results

when more than one outcome is combined trial the result of an experiment (which is often repeated a

number of times to calculate an experimental probability unlikely the event is possible (less than an even chance but is

not impossible Venn diagram a diagram used to show more complicated

data where events overlap in order to calculate probabilities

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Number Properties and Calculations

add + addition sum total plus

subtract -subtraction difference take away

multiply × multiplication product times by

divide ÷ division share divisor remainder quotient

Operations BIDMAS

factor multiple prime square integer hcf lcm odd even consecutive

Rounding significant figure decimal place place value approximate estimate

Proportion ratio equivalent numerator denominator improper top heavy unit fraction mixed number recurring decimal

= ≈ ≠ ≡ < > ≤ ≥

± % * ² ³ √83

√49

Indices Reciprocal index power base

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BIDMAS Brackets Indices Divide Multiply Add Subtract

SYMBOLS = equal to ≈ approximately equal to

≠ not equal to ≡ identical to/the same as

< less than > greater than

≤ less than or equal to ≥ greater than or equal to

± plus or minus % percent

* multiply (used in Excel formulae) ² squared ³ cubed √83

the

cube root of 8 √49 the square root of 49

DEFINITIONS

approximate ≈ roughly the same, a rounded value consecutive numbers that are next to each other e.g. 23,24,25

cube ³ to multiply by itself three times e.g.2 cubed = 2×2×2 = 23 8 decimal place the position of a digit with a value in the

1

10,

1

100,

1

1000 place value columns

denominator the value on the bottom of a fraction equivalent meaning the same, of the same value e.g.

1

2=

2

4

estimate to calculate approximately or making an educated

guess a based on some knowledge

even a number that is divisible by 2 ( ending in 0,2,4,6,8)

factor a whole number that you can divide by with no remainder left over HCF highest common factor - the largest number that is a factor of all the numbers given improper a fraction where the numerator is larger than the denominator - a fraction greater than 1 integer a whole number LCM lowest common multiple the smallest multiple in common of all the numbers given

mixed number a whole number and a fraction e.g. 2 1

2

multiple a number in its times table e.g. 25 is a multiple of 5 numerator the top number of a fraction odd a number not divisible by 2, ends in 1,3,5,7,9 place value the position of a digit which determines its size prime a number with exactly 2 factors, 2,3,5,7,11, 13, 17... ratio a comparison between 2 numbers

reciprocal 1 divided by the given number - the reciprocal of 4 is 1

4

recurring decimal a decimal with a repeating pattern e.g.0.3333333 significant figure the first non zero digit on the left which is the most important in determining the size. square 2 to multiply by itself - 4 squared = 4×4 = 16 top heavy the top of a fraction is larger than the bottom - a number greater than 1

unit fraction a fraction with a numerator of 1

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Algebra

A branch of mathematics where we use letters to represent numbers.

Skills simplify substitute change the subject solve rearrange collect like terms

Quadratic Skills factorise expand quadratic equation complete the square quadratic formula

Names equation identity expression formula term variable coefficient

Common Exam Questions trial and improvement simultaneous equations

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Definitions change the subject to rewrite a formula so that a

different letter is isolated coefficient the number in front of a letter e.g 5x

collect like terms to collect terms with the same letters

together e.g. 3a + 3b - a + 7b = 2a + 10b complete the square to rewrite a quadratic equation

in a different form (x+a)2 +c = 0 equation an equation is a statement with two expressions that

are equal - usually only true for a particular value e.g. 2x + 7 = 15 expand to muliply out the brackets

e.g. 2x(x + 5) = 2x2 + 10x expression a collection of letters and numbers

e.g. 2x + 5 , xy - 7x factorise to find something in common and place outside

a bracket e.g 12x +8xy = 4x(3 + 2y) formula a statement giving a calculation needed to find a

value. e.g. the area of a circle A = πr2 identity exactly the same - a statement which is true for all

values e.g. x + x + x ≡3x quadratic equation an equation with an x2 term as the

highest power e.g x2 + 4x - 4 = 0

quadratic formula a formula used to solve a

quadratic equation x = −𝑏±√𝑏2−4𝑎𝑐

2𝑎

rearrange (or transpose) to change an equation to produce an

equivalent statement e.g. 2x + 5y = 12 → 2x = 5y - 12 simplify to write an expressions in a simpler way.

e.g. 2x + 4x = 6c or 8𝑥

12𝑥3=

2

3𝑥2

simultaneous equations two or more equations that

can be solved at the same time by the same set of solutions solve to find the value of the letter that makes a statement

true e.g. 2x = 10 x = 5 substitute to replace a letter with a value

e.g. if y = 4 2y - y2 = 2×4 + 42 = 8 + 16 = 24 term a single part of an expression or equation i.e. 3x, 7y trial and improvement a method of finding a solution

to an equation which cannot be rearranged or factorised - each trial is evaluated and then improved variable a symbol or letter than tan take any value from a

given range. e.g. h (height) or t(time)

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YEAR 7 ENGLISH HOMEWORK KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER- THE LIE TREE BY FRANCIS HARDINGE

Characters – give one word to describe each:

Science and religion Gender roles Skills for reading Words for talking and writing about the book

Reverend Sunderly Myrtle Faith Howard Uncle Miles Paul Clay Agatha Lambert Leda Hunter

Natural science The study of how the world around us works. In this book, the characters study fossils and strange plants. Fossil The remains of a long dead plant or animal preserved in rock. Excavation An organised dig to try and find fossils and other things of interest to scientists. Evolution The theory that existing plants and animals developed by adapting to improve from earlier ones. Reverend The title used for someone who is a clergyman in the Christian church (e.g. vicar) Curate An assistant to a vicar in the church

Gender The sex of a person: male or female. It also refers to the particular ways we expect people to behave because of their sex.

Inequality A lack of quality – here this means the way in which women were seen as less important and not allowed the opportunities and education men were.

Modest Having a humble opinion of yourself, not showing off. This is how women like Faith would have been expected to behave.

Feminism The movement to win political and economic equality for women. It is not explicitly mentioned in the novel, but we can see elements of it in the way some female characters behave.

To summarise To give a brief account of the main points of a text.

To clarify To ensure meaning is clear and to check your understanding of what you are reading.

To predict To use clues from the text to say what you think is likely to happen next.

To question To ask questions as you read and when you pause between readings to develop your understanding. You will do this using the 5 Ws:

- Who - What - When - Where - Why

The most important of these will probably be why. You should also ask lots of How questions

Infer To figure something out based on the clues in the text, e.g. We can infer that she is unhappy because… Analyse To look at all the different parts of a text or quotation to figure out what it is doing and how, e.g. We will analyse the way the writer describes Faith… Suggest/imply The way a writer or character hints at something without making it obvious, e.g. When Faith goes looking in her father’s boxes, it suggests she is curious and a natural rule breaker. Explain To make your understanding clear by writing/talking in detail about the text, saying what the writer/character is doing, how and why.

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Year 7 Science Knowledge Organiser – Half Term 2

Cells, Tissues and Organs

1 Nucleus Contains genetic material and controls activities of the cell.

2 Cytoplasm Gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. Contain enzymes.

3 Cell membrane Holds cell together and controls what goes in and out.

4 Mitochondria Organelle where respiration takes place for energy.

5 Ribosomes Organelles where proteins are made.

6 Cell wall (only plants) Rigid structure made of cellulose – supports and strengthen the cell.

7 Permanent vacuole (only plants)

Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.

8 Chloroplasts (only plants)

Where photosynthesis occurs. Contains green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs light energy needed for photosynthesis.

9 Specialised cell Cell that performs a specific function

10 Sperm cell Male sex cell. Adaptations include long tail for swimming, lots of mitochondria for respiration and half the chromosomes

11 Red blood cell Adapted to carry oxygen, bi-concave shape to increase surface area contain haemoglobin

12 Egg Cell Female sex cell. Contains half the DNA of a normal body cell.

13 White blood cell Cells in the blood that are adapted to fight disease.

14 Nerve cell Type of cell that transmits electrical impulses around the body.

15 Diffusion The process of particles moving from an area of high concentration to an area of

low concentration.

16 Cell The smallest unit of life that can be replicated independently. Known as the

‘building blocks of life.

17 Tissue A group of cells that work together to perform a function.

18 Organ A group of tissues that work together to perform a function.

19 Organ System A group of organs that work together to perform a function.

20 Organism A living being made up of groups of organ systems working together.

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Sound and Light

1 Wave A transfer of energy without the transfer of matter.

2 Longitudinal Wave A wave that oscillates parallel to the direction of travel.

3 Transverse Wave A wave that oscillates perpendicular to the direction of travel.

4 Amplitude The height of a wave.

5 Wavelength The length of 1 wave.

6 Crest The top of a transverse wave.

7 Trough The bottom of a transverse wave.

8 Compression The region of a longitudinal wave where the particles are close together.

9 Rarefaction The region of a longitudinal wave where the particles are far apart.

10 Reflection The change in direction of a wave-front at a surface (e.g. a mirror).

11 Angle of Incidence Angle between the incident ray and the normal.

12 Angle of Reflection Angle between the normal and the reflection ray.

13 Reflection Rule Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

14 Refraction Change in direction of a wave through a boundary of 2 mediums, caused by a change in speed of the waves.

15 Lens Feature of the eye. Helps to refract light so it focuses on the retina.

16 Optic Nerve The nerve transmits information received by the retina to the brain.

17 Retina Light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.

18 Long Sightedness Eye condition where a person will struggle to see close up objects, but can see objects far away well.

19 Short Sightedness Eye condition where a person will struggle to see far away objects, but can see close objects well.

20 Vibration Slight back and forth motion of particles. Associated with making sounds.

21 Vacuum Describes an area where there is no particles (e.g.space).

22 Echo The reflection of a sound wave.

23 Photons A ‘packet’ of electromagnetic radiation.

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Colchester Academy History Department Homework Knowledge Organisers

Year 7 Crusades

22

Term Definition

Energy Consumption Energy consumption is the amount of power used.

Renewable energy Renewable energy is a source of energy that will not run out.

Non-renewable energy

Non-renewable energy is a source of energy that will eventually run out.

World Issues Knowledge Organiser: Energy use

Why is global energy use increasing?

A growing world population means that more people are using energy.

Growing populations and increasing standards of living for many people in developing countries will place even more demand on energy resources.

Advances in technology increase the availability of products which require energy. As wealth is generated, populations desire more consumer goods.

Consumer goods consume energy in their manufacture as well as their usage.

Energy Sources

Which regions of the world use the most

energy?

Advantages of using fossil fuels

Disadvantages of using fossil fuels

They generate large amounts of energy quite cheaply.

As technology improves, more reserves can be accessed.

Locating where fossil fuels are is quite easy.

Oil and gas can be transported through pipelines.

The means for extracting fossil fuels is already in existence.

They release carbon dioxide when they are burnt, creating pollution.

Carbon dioxide contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Mining can create ugly scars on the landscape.

Mining can be dangerous, especially as the most easily accessible deposits are used up.

Oil spills can cause environmental damage.

Supplies are running out and new sources are harder to get to. Oil and gas are both predicted to run out within 100 years.

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Term Definition

Clean Water Clean water has been filtered using chemicals which remove all the dirt, worms and kill all the harmful bacteria.

Dirty Water Dirty water comes straight out of rivers, lakes and wells, where it has not been cleaned.

Water Scarcity The lack of sufficient water to meet the needs of the region

Drought An extreme shortage of water

Food Imbalance Each country not having the same amount of food

Obesity Being extremely overweight

Malnourished Weak and in bad health because of lack of food

Poverty Being extremely poor

Starvation Suffering or death caused by lack of food

World Issues Knowledge Organiser: Water and Food Issues

Percentage of the world without access to clean drinking water.

Global food imbalance.

What’s found in dirty water?

Typhoid Cholera E-Coli Dysentery Guinea Worm Dwarf tapeworm

dizziness, sweating

Diarrhoea, dehydration

Diarrhoea, dehydration

vomiting / excreting blood

allergic reactions, vomiting, asthma attacks

anorexia, nervous attacks

Natural causes of food shortages

Human causes of food shortages

Climate change Drought Swarms of locusts Natural disasters Diseases

War Government corruption Poverty Rapid population growth

UK water issues:

Droughts have increased in the UK which have led to hose pipe bans in many areas during heatwaves.

Flooding has increased in the UK due to climate change increasing the storms which bring inches of rain to the

UK.

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Palabras ¿Qué te gusta hacer? What do you like to do?

Me gusta… I like…

Me gusta mucho… I really like…

No me gusta… I don’t like…

No me gusta nada… I don’t like at all…

chatear to chat online

escribir correos to write emails

escuchar música to listen to music

jugar a los videojuegos to play videogames

leer to read

mandar SMS to send text messages

navegar por Internet to surf the net

salir con mis amigos to go out with friends

ver la television to watch TV

porque es… because it is…

porque no es… because it is not…

aburrido/a boring

divertido/a amusing, funny

estúpido/a stupid

guay cool

interesante interesting

¿Qué haces en tu tiempo libre? What do you do in your spare time?

bailo I dance

canto karaoke I sing karaoke

hablo con mis amigos I talk with my friends

monto en bici I ride my bike

saco fotos I take photos

toco la guitarra I play the guitar

Expresiones de frecuencia Expressions of frequency

a veces sometimes

de vez en cuando from time to time

nunca never

todos los días every day

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¿Qué tiempo hace? What’s the weather like? hace calor it’s hot hace frío it’s cold hace sol it’s sunny hace buen tiempo it’s nice weather llueve it’s raining nieva it’s snowing ¿Qué haces cuando llueve? What do you do when it’s raining?

Las estaciones The seasons la primavera spring el verano summer el otoño autumn el invierno winter

¿Qué deportes haces? What sports do you do? Hago artes marciales. I do martial arts. Hago atletismo. I do athletics. Hago equitación. I do/go horseriding. Hago gimnasia. I do gymnastics. Hago natación. I do/go swimming. Juego al baloncesto. I play basketball. Juego al fútbol. I play football. Juego al tenis. I play tennis. Juego al voleibol. I play volleyball. ¡Me gusta! I like it! ¡Me gusta mucho! I like it a lot! ¡Me gusta muchísimo! I really, really like it! ¡Me encanta! I love it!

Los días de la semana The days of the week lunes Monday martes Tuesday miércoles Wednesday jueves Thursday viernes Friday sábado Saturday domingo Sunday los lunes on Mondays, every Monday los martes on Tuesdays, every Tuesday

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Algunas preguntas Some questions

¿Qué…? What/Which…? ¿Cuándo…? When…? ¿Dónde…? Where…? ¿Cómo…? How/What…? ¿Cuántos…? How many…?

Palabras muy frecuentes High-frequency words con with cuando when generalmente generally mucho a lot no no o or pero but porque because sí yes también also, too y and ¿Y tú? And you?

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Palabras muy frecuentes

Con – With Pero – But y - and Mucho – A lot Sí – yes tu/ tus - your O – O También – Also mi/ mis - my

Near- Cognates

Words spelt similarly in English and

Spanish. We can still work out what they

mean.

Chapter 1 ¿Qué te gusta hacer?

Me gusta… - I like navegar por Internet – to surf the net chatear – to chat escuchar música - to listen to music jugar a los videojuegos - to play videogames mandar SMS – to send texts ver la televisión – to watch TV leer – to read escribir correos – to write e-mails salir con mis amigos - to go out with my friends

Chapter 3 ¿Qué haces cuando llueve?

¿Qué tiempo hace? – What’s the weather like?

Cuando - when

hace calor – it’s hot

hace frío – it’s cold

hace sol – it’s sunny

hace buen tiempo – it’s good weather

llueve – it’s raining

nieva – it’s snowing

en primavera - in Spring verano - Summer

en invierno –in Winter en otoño – in Autumn

REMEMBER

Infinitives are the form of the verb you find in the dictionary.

They translate as ‘to do something’ e.g. Comer – to eat

Hablar – to talk

Vivir – to live

They always end in er/ir/ar and most of the time you have to change them to

make them useful to you (called conjugating)

However, when giving opinions they stay as you find them in the dictionary

e.g. Me gusta comer la pizza

I like to eat pizza

Cognates

These are words spelt the same in English

and Spanish. Even though they look the

same they may be pronounced differently.

Grammar Opinions

Me gusta mucho… I really like No me gusta… I don’t like No me gusta nada… I really don’t like

Justifications

Porque es… because it is Porque no es… because it isn’t interesante - interesting guay - cool divertido/a - fun estúpido/a - stupid aburrido/a - boring

Regular present tense-AR verbs How to conjugate

(turn an infinitive verb into something useful!)

1. Take the infinitive 2. Chop off the ending 3. Add the new endings

Hablar – to speak Hablo – I speak Hablas – You speak Habla – He/she/it speaks Hablamos – We speak Habláis – you lot speak Hablan – They speak

Irregular present tense

Hacer – to do/ make

Hago – I do/ make Haces – You do/ make

Hace – He/she/ it does/ makes Hacemos – We do/ make

Hacéis – You lot do/ you make Hacen – They make

Pronunciation ‘ll’ is pronounced as a ‘y’ sound

c before e and i is a soft sound Regular present tense Stem-changing verb

Jugar- to play Juego – I play

Juegas – You play Juega – He/she/it plays

Jugamos – We play Jugáis – You lot play Juegan – They play

Chapter 2 ¿Cantas karaoke?

¿Qué haces en tu tiempo libre? –

what do you do in your free time?

bailo – I dance

toco la guitarra – I play the guitar

saco fotos – I take photos

monto en bici – I ride my bike

canto karaoke - I sing karaoke hablo con mis amigos – I chat with my

friends

Expressions of frequency

todos los días – every day

a veces - sometimes

nunca - never

de vez en cuando - from time to time

Chapter 4 ¿Qué deportes haces?

¿Qué deportes haces?-

what sports do you do?

Hago… gimnasia - I do… gymnastics

artes marciales –martial arts

equitación –horse riding

atletismo –athletics

Hago natación – I do swimming

Juego al fútbol – I play football

al tenis –tennis

al voleibol –volleyball

al baloncesto – I play basketball

Días – start with little letters!

lunes - Monday martes

– Tuesday miércoles -

Wednesday jueves -

Thursday viernes -

Friday

sábado - Saturday

domingo – Sunday

Los lunes – On Mondays

Question words

¿Qué? – What?

¿Cuándo? - How?

¿Dónde? Where?

¿Cómo? – How?

¿Cuántos? How many?

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Year 7 Computer Science

1. Abstraction

Working with ideas or solving a problem by identifying common patterns in real situations.

2. Accessibility

This is all about making sure that all users, including those with disabilities can use a webpage or a device

3. Algorithm

A set of step by step instructions which, when followed, solve a problem

4. Binary A number system which uses two digits, 0 and 1. All electronic computing is carried out using the binary system.

5. Bit A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.

6. Block-based programming language Any programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating “blocks” or graphical programing elements, rather than writing code using text.

7. Bug An error in a program that stops the program from running as expected.

8. Byte The most common basic unit of digital data. A single byte is 8 bits-worth of data.

9. Call (a variable) Use a variable in a program.

10. Call (a function) This is the piece of code that you add to a program to indicate that the program should run the code inside a function at a certain time.

11. Click Press the mouse button.

12. Code One or more commands or algorithm(s) designed to be carried out by a computer. See also: program

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13. Command An instruction for the computer. Many commands put together make up algorithms and computer programs.

14. Computational thinking

Thinking logically about problems, process involved, the data available, and the steps need to be followed to achieve the desired goal.

15. Computer science Using the power of computers to solve problems.

16. Conditionals Statements that only run under certain conditions or situations.

17. Data

A collection of facts without context, such as values or measurements.

18. Debugging Finding and fixing errors in programs.

19. Decompose Break a problem down into smaller pieces.

20. Define (a function) To add code inside a function so that the program knows what it is supposed to do when the function is called.

21. Double-click Press the mouse button twice very quickly

22. Drag Click your mouse button and hold as you move the mouse pointer to a new location

23. Drop Release your mouse button to "let go" of an item that you are dragging

24. Event An action that causes something to happen.

25. Event-handler A monitor for a specific event or action on a computer. When you write code for an event handler, it will be executed every time that event or action occurs. Many event-handlers respond to human actions such as mouse clicks.

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26. For loop A loop with a predetermined beginning, end, and increment (step interval).

27. Function A piece of code that you can easily call over and over again. Functions are sometimes called ‘procedures.’

28. Function call The piece of code that you add to a program to indicate that the program should run the code inside a function at a certain time.

29. Function definition The code inside a function that instructs the program on what to do when the function is called.

30. If-statement The common programming structure that implements "conditional statements".

31. Input A way to give information to a computer.

32. Iteration A repetitive action or command typically created with programming loops.

33. Loop The action of doing something over and over again.

34. Online Connected to the internet.

35. Output A way to get information out of a computer.

36. Parameter An extra piece of information that you pass to the function to customise it for a specific need.

37. Pixel Short for "picture element" it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of colour of a larger image.

38. Program An algorithm that has been coded into something that can be run by a machine.

39. Programming

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The art of creating a program.

40. Repeat To do something again.

41. Run program Cause the computer to execute the commands you've written in your program.

42. Variable A placeholder for a piece of information that can change.

43. While loop A loop that continues to repeat while a condition is true.

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Year 7 Computer Science: Understanding Computers

Input Device:

An input device is anything can be used to enter data into a computer E.g. Keyboard, Mouse

Output Device:

An output device is a piece of computer hardware used to display or output data which has been processed or stored in a computer. E.g. Printer, Speaker

Storage Device:

A storage device is used to permanently record or store data. E.g. CD, Hard Drive

Hardware:

Objects that you can touch, like a Music CD. For example: Disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, boards, and chips

Software:

You cannot ‘touch’ software. Software refers to the programs that run on a computer, rather like the music playing on a CD. Examples of software: Windows, MS Word, MS Excel, Kodu and Logo.

CPU:

Central Processing System

Fetch, Decode, Execute cycle: • Computer has a list of instructions in memory to carry out • CPU Fetches top instruction from the list • Instructions is passed to Decoder to interpret

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• Decoder passes on the instruction • Instruction is Executed or carried out • CPU Fetches top instruction from the list…

Processor speed:

• One cycle per second = 1 Hertz (Hz) = 1 instruction carried out each second • 1 Kilohertz (kHz) = 1000 cycles per second • 1 Megahertz (MHz) = 1,000,000 cycles per second • 1 Gigahertz (GHz) = 1,000,000,000 (1 Billion) cycles per second

Binary:

1 or 0 Bits and Bytes:

0 or a 1 = 1 Bit (Binary Digit) 8 Bits = 1 Byte 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (Kb) 1024 Kb = 1 Megabyte (Mb) 1024 Mb = 1 Gigabyte (Gb)

1 Byte = 1 Character of text

Denary:

Number base 10

Ascii:

Code to represent characters

Ram:

Random Access Memory – Temporary memory or volatile

Rom:

Read Only Memory – Permanent or non-volatile

Pits and Lands: • All Optical media (CD, DVD, Blu-Ray etc.) have pits and lands • These are microscopic and represent the binary information of the data stored on the disc • A CD is reflective and reflects the laser into a sensor to register it as a 0, but when the light hits

the beginning or end of a pit, it scatters with little reflection, and a 1 is registered

Burn: • Pits and Lands are used to represent 1s and 0s in Binary • Lasers shine light at the surface and light is reflected from the silver surface of the disk – except

where a Pit begins or ends. Here the reflection is scattered and a 1 is read • Good reflection / Poor reflection • On / Off • 1 / 0

• A pattern of 1s and 0s can make a word using ASCII, therefore you can store a word using a series of Pits and Lands ‘burnt’ into the disk

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1

Year 7 Art Words to Learn – Half Term 2

Colour wheel A tool used by artists to help them mix and use colour.

Primary colours Red, yellow and blue are primary colours, which means they can't be mixed using any other colours. In theory, all other colours can be mixed from these three colours.

Secondary colours Two primary colours mixed together make a secondary colour. red + yellow + Orange, red + blue = purple, blue + yellow = green

Even tone painting Colour that is the same lightness or darkness across an area.

Smooth Free from bumps and bits sticking out.

2

Tokidoki Japanese word meaning ‘sometimes’ & a life style brand name.

Design Plan the shapes and structure of your art work.

Layout How you arrange the different parts of your work imaginative Creative ability. Making something new from what

you are given Bright Colour without black or white mixed with it.

Bold Simple and noticeable from a distance.

3

Research Finding out new information. Can be artwork or written work.

Combine Mix two or more things together to make something new.

Everyday objects Things that are commonly seen around you every day.

Style That which makes an artist’s work individual to them. Like handwriting but in art.

simplified That which is left after you remove tiny details. Transform Change one thing into something else (like the

Transformers)

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Year 7 Half Term 2

Design & Technology

Word Meaning Learnt

Acrylic A type of plastic which is a thermoplastic but is

brittle.

Thermoplastic

A plastic which can be heated and shaped using a

mould or jig. It can keep on being reheated so it a

recyclable plastic e.g. Lego/milk bottles.

Design Brief An outline of what your project is going to be.

Specification

A list of things a product/design must do or be.

This is used when designing and making to ensure

the product is correct and “ticks the boxes”.

Coping Saw A saw with a very narrow blade stretched across a

D-shaped frame, used for cutting curves in wood

Hand Drill A hand held tool to make holes using a drill.

Pillar Drill A fixed machine drill which has a work surface

ledge and drills holes

Orbital

Sander

A sander in which the sanding surface has a

minute circular motion without rotating relative to

the workpiece.

Bench Hook

A bench hook is a workbench accessory used in

woodworking, and its purpose is to provide a stop

against which the piece of wood being worked can

be firmly held.

Fretsaw

A machine saw which sits at work surface height

with a narrow blade stretched vertically on a

frame, for cutting thin wood in to shapes.

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Year 7 Homework:

Literacy and Food preparation and Nutrition –

Key Word Spellings Autumn 2

Key word Definition

1. Hazard

Anything that poses a danger

2. Personal hygiene

Things you do to keep yourself clean

3. Food hygiene

Things we do to keep food clean and safe

4. Kitchen hygiene

Things you do to keep the kitchen environment and equipment clean

5. Consequence

The result of an action eg. You spill water and someone could slip

6. Prevention

What you do to prevent an accident from happening

7. Equipment

All the items we use when cooking

8. Measuring The use of specific equipment to accurately gauge the weight of a food

9. Evaluation The judgements you make about the food you have cooked and improvements that could be made

10. Ingredients

The items of food we use to make our food products

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Music

Composition Knowledge Organiser

Lesson Number Keyword Definition 1

Compose Make my own piece of music 1

Rhythm The timing of the notes when we play

2 C major The key for When The Saints Go Marching In

2 Melody The main tune in a piece of music.

3 Bassline

Lowest in pitch, normally on the left of the keyboard.

3 Part

A part in music is one instrument. With melody and bassline, we have two parts.

4 Key

For When The Saints Go Marching In, the key is C major.

4 Pitch Can be low or high.

5 Lyrical

A melody with notes close together on the keyboard.

5 Duet A piece of music with two parts.

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Drama terms Knowledge Organiser

Year 7 Autumn 2

Keyword Definition

Stimulus Your starting point of inspiration

Script Text of written dialogue to be performed

Ensemble Working together as a group with no one leader

Compromise Developing ideas without dominating

Atmosphere Creating a feeling or mood on stage Thought tracking

Characters speak their thought directly to the audience

Transition Section to link scenes or images

Unison Moving as one

Cannon Moving one after the other

Context What, when, where, who and why- relating to the scene

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Core PE- Badminton

RULES OF BADMINTON

Here are some of the rules of the game of badminton:

The game is played up to 21 points. If the score reaches 20-20, the winner is the player or

team with a two point advantage

If the score goes up to 29-29, the winner is first to reach 30 points.

The service must be made diagonally across court

The server must serve the shuttlecock with the head of the racket below waist height.

A shuttle landing on the line is in.

If a shuttle hits the net either on service or during a rally, play continues.

A player may not make contact with the net with either the racket or their body

The shuttle must be contacted on the player’s own side of the net.

One touch of the shuttle on your own side

Singles:

You must serve from the right service court when you have no points or an even number of points.

You must serve from the left service court when you have an odd number of points.

Points are awarded to the winner of each rally.

You lose service if you fail to return the shuttlecock, hit it out of court or into the net.

If the shuttle hits the ground within the boundary the point is awarded to the player who hits the

shuttle.

Doubles:

In doubles, the player on the right always starts the serve and, when a point is won, the players

switch sides and then serves from the left, continuing to alternate until a serve is lost

After service you can hit the shuttle anywhere in the entire court.

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BADMINTON COURT

Singles

Court:

Long

and thin

Doubles

Court:

Short

and fat

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BADMINTON SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES

A skilled performance shows these 3 characteristics:

1. Effectiveness (Accuracy)

• Being accurate in placing shots where you want them to go

• Being consistent in placing shots where you want them to go

2. Technique (Efficiency)

• Correct preparation of technique

• Correct action of technique

• Correct recovery of technique

3. Adaptiveness (Range) – how well skill can be adapted to meet the demands of the task:

• Good anticipation

• Good judgement of shuttle flight

• Appropriate decision-making

• Can disguise shots

• Can play a range of shots

All strokes are made up of the following cycle:

THE STROKE CYCLE

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Badminton Grip:

You need to apply correct grip for each shot being played. There are 2 basic types of grip:

Here are a range of badminton shots and the correct technique for each one. The diagrams show the

trajectory of the shuttle (how it travels through the air and where it lands on court).

You need to know the correct technique for each shot and apply this in game play.

Important: Return to the middle of the court after every shot played, in the ready position, prepared

for the next shot.

TYPE OF SHOT TECHNIQUE

SERVICE

Low serve

Service is the most important shot in badminton.

Forehand:

- Stand behind the service line

- Sideways stance, lead with your non-racket leg , weight on

your back foot

- Bring your racket back to waist level

- Swing forward, pushing the shuttle low over the net

Backhand:

- Lead with your racket leg, non racket leg slightly behind with

your feet pointing forward

- Short backswing then bring the racket forward

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High serve

- Hold the shuttle in front of your waist level

- Push the shuttle, keeping it low

High Serve:

- Played with a forehand underarm action

- Sideways stance, lead with your non-racket leg , weight on

your back foot

- Bring your racket back (to almost shoulder level) and swing

forward

- Drop the shuttle slightly out in front of your body and hit it

with power to make sure it reaches the back of the court

HIGH OVERHEAD CLEAR

Clears can be played overhead or underarm, they both move

your opponent to the back of the court. The action is similar to

throwing a ball.

- Forehand grip

- Sideways stance to the net, weight on your back foot

- Bend your elbow and take the racket back

- Contact the shuttle as high as possible and in front of your

body, straighten your elbow as you hit the shuttle

- Follow through with your racket, weight is transferred to

front foot

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SMASH

The smash is an attacking shot, a good smash is un-returnable.

It is hit with power and speed, downward towards your

opponent’s court.

- Forehand grip

- Sideways stance to the net, weight on your back foot

- Bend your elbow and take the racket back

- Contact the shuttle as high as possible and in front of your

body using a strong throwing action,

- Straighten your elbow as you hit the shuttle, snap down your

wrist at the point of impact to add extra power and angle

DROP SHOT

Drop shots are delicate shots. They are played on both the

forehand and backhand, underarm and overhead.

Overhead drop:

- Same action as overhead clear but you tap the shuttle as you

hit it, reducing the speed of your racket

Underarm drop:

- Forehand or backhand grip depending on which side you are

hitting the shuttle

- Keep your racket up in front of your body

- Lunge forward

- Racket high, gently push the shuttle over the net, keeping it

as low as possible.

- The softer the push, the lower it will go.

Remember: After every shot you play, return to the middle of the court.

Always be ready to react quickly and be alert!

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PSHE Knowledge Organiser

Term Definition

Aspiration A hope or ambition of achieving

something

Potential Having or showing capacity to develop into

something in the future.

Psychological Resilience A person’s ability to adapt to stressful

situations and tough times.

Resilient person They will keep trying until they get the

result they desire and have developed

coping techniques to help them.

Fixed Mindset This means a person refuses to learn new

things to improve themselves.

Growth Mindset This means a person is always learning

new things to improve themselves.

Social media Websites and applications that enable

users to create and share content or to

participate in social networking.

Cooperation Working together to achieve the same

goal.