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REVISIONyear 5
CUMULATIVE SCIENCE REVISION
The Science Department
This electronic book has been made as an additional aid in the revision process. The material provided should be used in conjunction with the boys own classwork and the CGP guide that has been distributed.
Please remember that we will be assessing factual recall on material covered in the first term, and the examination will focus primarily on the concepts that have yet to be assessed on.
Best of luck!
Passwords:
Some of the links associated with this revision book require passwords to access the information. The following is the password required to access BrainPOP Jr.
Username: dcpslondonPassword: brainpopuk
Please note that the URL address is .com rather than .co.uk.
BEING A SCIENTISTfrom the autumn term
PARTS OF THE BUNSEN BURNER
BUNSEN BURNER FLAMES
air hole open air hole half open air hole closed
When the air hole is closed: a yellow, sooty flame often called the safety flame is produced. Use this hole position when not using the Bunsen burner or when lighting. When the air hole is half open, a medium flames is produced. When the air hole is fully open: a very hot flame is produced, called a roaring blue flame.
SCIENTIFIC DRAWINGS REMEMBER:Science drawings shound
always be done in pencil, using a ruler when drawing lines
and labelled in pen.
THE THERMOMETER
A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature.
WHAT TEMPERATURE...Does water boil? Does water freeze? Is our (human) body temperature?
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 49 and 96.
SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASESfrom the autumn term
SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES
{For those visual learners - watch the video on the States of Matter!
CHANGES OF STATE
A change of state, when a solid is turning into a liquid. A change of state, when a liquid is turning back into a solid. A change of state, when a liquid is turning into a gas. A change of state, when a gas is turning into a liquid.
Melting:
Freezing:
Evaporation:
Condensation:
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 45 - 48.
THE SEVEN LIFE PROCESSESfrom the autumn term
THE SEVEN LIFE PROCESSES
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Nutrition Excretion Reproduction Growth
Being able to move all or a part of itself
Producing more living things of the same type.
Sensing and reacting to things around it.
Getting rid of waste materials that it makes.
Taking in and using food.
Getting energy from food.
Increasing in size
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 1 and 2 plus additional handouts.
MICROBESfrom the autumn term
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MICROBESMicroorganisms are very tiny living things. They are so small that you need a microscope to see them. There are three types of microorganisms - viruses, bacteria and fungi.
VIRUSES BACTERIA FUNGI
THE TRANSMISSION OF MICROBES
HELPFUL VERSUS HARMFUL MICROBES
HARMFUL MICROBES
HELPFUL MICROBES
Helpful microbes do important jobs, such as make foods such as vinegar, cheese and yoghurt. They breakdown organisms and put nutrients back into the soil. Finally, they can help make bread and beer.
Harmful microbes can cause diseases. They can cause disease and illness like the flu, chicken pox, measles and colds. Microbes can also cause tooth decay.
MEDICATIONS
Medicines are used to fight microbes. Vaccinations are used to prevent viral infections from being caught whilst antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections once you are ill.
{Video on Edward Jenner, the first doctor to use vaccinations.
For extra information or help with revision use the
handouts provided in lesson.
TEETHfrom the spring term
DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEETH
MOLARS: Back teeth for crushing and grinding food.
CANINES:
INCISORS:
In meat-eating animals they have long sharp teeth and are used for stabbing and gripping food.
Front teeth used for snipping and cutting food.
Use the CGP Study book to learn how the teeth of a carnivore is different to that of a herbivore!
PLAQUEPlaque is the sticky coating on teeth that forms when bacteria feed on sugar left in your mouths. The plaque contains acid which can wear away at the tooth enamel.
How can you protect your teeth for plaque build up
and decay?
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 25, 26 and 28.
REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE CHANGESfrom the spring term
REVERSIBLE CHANGES
Reversible changes are examples of physical changes. A reversible change is when a material turns into something that looks and feels different, but isn't changed forever.
REVERSIBLE CHANGES
Examples of reversible changes: - changes of state - dissolving - mixing
IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES
Irreversible changes are examples of chemical changes. An irreversible change is when a material turns into a completely new and different material. The new material can't be change back into what it was before.
IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES
Evidence of irreversible changes: - colour change (new substance formed) - bubbles produced - temperature change - light produced
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 61 - 64.
THERMAL INSULATORS AND CONDUCTORSfrom the spring term
THERMAL CONDUCTORS
Some materials let heat move through them easily - these materials are called thermal conductors. Metals are examples of thermal conductors, which is why they are used to make objects that need to conduct heat well.
THERMAL INSULATORS
Other materials do not let heat move through them easily- these materials are called thermal insulators. Plastics, wood and some fabrics are good thermal insulators. Thermal insulators are good at keeping heat out and keeping heat in. For example, your winter jacket prevents heat from escaping and keeps you warm.
For extra information or help with revision use the
following page in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 53.
ELECTRICITYfrom the spring term
ELECTRICITY
Electricity will only travel around a circuit that is complete. That means it has no gaps
SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS
A series circuit only has one pathway for the electricity to flow through, whilst a parallel circuit has different pathways for the electricity to flow through.
Series Circuit Parallel Circuit
COMPONENTS Remember - diagrams should be drawn using a pencil and ruler.
SWITCHES
When a switch is open (off), there is a gap in the circuit. Electricity cannot travel around the circuit.
When a switch is closed (on), it makes the circuit complete. Electricity can travel around the circuit.
SHORT CIRCUITS
A short circuit is caused when the electricity takes the pathway of least resistance. Resistance is how easily electricity can flow through a circuit - if there is high resistance electricity does not flow easily if there is low resistance electricity does flow easily.
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 54, 73-78.
LIGHTfrom the spring term
LIGHTLuminous objects are objects that make their own light and are examples of sources of light. Such as, a lamp, torch, candle or the sun.
Non-luminous objects do not produce their own light. They can be seen because the light bounces (reflects) off them and into our eye. For example, a mirror is not a source of light. It doesn't make its own light, it just reflects light. So you would not be able to see a mirror in a dark room.
HOW WE SEE THINGSLight travels in straight lines. When light hits an object, it is reflected (bounces off) and enters our eyes. This is how we see the object. When light from an object is reflected by a surface, it changes direction. It bounces off the surface at the same angle as it hits it. Smooth, shiny surfaces such as mirrors and polished metals reflect light well. Dull and dark surfaces such as dark fabrics do not reflect light well.
{Please note - the game link will only work on a computer
TRANSPARENT, TRANSLUCENT AND OPAQUE A transparent object allows for light to travel through it, for example a glass pane in a window.
TRANSPARENT, TRANSLUCENT AND OPAQUE A translucent object will scatter the light that travels through it, for example a stained glass window.
TRANSPARENT, TRANSLUCENT AND OPAQUE An opaque object does not allow light to travel through it, causing the object to cast a shadow.
SHADOWS
The Sun casts (makes) the longest shadows at the beginning and end of the day, when the Sun is lowest in the sky.
The Sun casts the shortest shadows at midday, when the Sun is highest in the sky.
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 80-84.
DESIGNING AN EXPERIMENTscience skills
FAIR TEST
Fair testing is a term used when designing an experiment. To make a fair test you are ensuring to change only one variable (factor).
FOR EXAMPLE:You may want to test if sunlight affects the rate at which a plant grows. This would mean you would keep all other variables like: amount of water, amount of heat, pot size the same and just change the amount of light the plant receives.
VARIABLES
INDEPENDENT: DEPENDENT: CONTROL:
The variables are all the factors in an experiment.
The independent variable is the factor we have changed. From our example on the previous page, the factor we changed was the amount of sunlight.
The dependent variable is what is being measured or the outcome. From our previous example, the dependent variable was how tall the plants grew.
The control variable are the factors that you have kept the same to ensure that the test remains fair.
PLEASE NOTE:The CGP KS2 Study Book has a section dedicated to explaining results, graphing and making conclusion which could be beneficial as a refresher.
{BrainPOP jr video describing
Scientific Method
For extra information or help with revision use the
following pages in the KS2 CGP Study Guide,
page 94-98.
