YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS...Support (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019,

RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS

Enhancing and implementing Knowledge based ICT solutions within high Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems

(RUC-APS)

WP Leader

Pascale Zaraté

[email protected]

Work-Package No 12 :

Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems

YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS


• HDR Computer Science

• Professor in IT at University Toulouse 1 Capitole

• Researcher at IRIT – AI Department – Co-Manager

• EWG-DSS – Coordinator

• IJDSST – Editor in Chief

Presentation

Prof. Pascale Zaratéwww.irit.fr/~Pascale.ZarateORCID : 0000-0002-5188-1616


Presentation

• 24 000 Students

• City center

• Law / Mangement / Economy

• IT Faculty• Masters

• PhD


• 700 persons• Researchers• Administrative staff• Students

• Main IT research actor France

• 7 Departments

• AI Department• ADRIA : Reasoning / Decision• MELODI : Text Mining• LILAC : Logic (Symbolic AI)

Presentation


• Decision Making

• Decision Support Systems

• Multicriteria Decision Making

• Group Decision Making

• Collaborative Decision Making

Presentation : Team

Amir Sakka : PhD studentGuy Camilleri : Associate ProfessorPascale Zaraté : Professor WP 12 : Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems


RUC-APS : Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems

Year 1

• Scenario

• GRUS

Year 2

• Experiments

• Feedback

Year 3

• GRUS Improvement

• Experiments

Year 4• Appropriate methodology

Objetive / Task

OBJ 1 Conception, Design, Implementation of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS)to assist decision making processes in horticultural and agricultural production

OBJ 2 Evaluation of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS)to assist decision making processes in horticultural and agricultural production

T11.1: Develop scenarios for horticultural and agriculturalproduction

T11.2: Define the adequate facilitation depending on the defined scenario in the task 11.1

T11.3: Apply Group Decision Making methdology for enhancing horticulture value chain decision-making.


• Decision Making Rational Methodologies• Alternatives perfect evaluation, criteria

• Limited Rationality Principle

Decision Support

Roy and Bouyssou (1993) :o First Order Reality Postulate

o Decision Maker Postulate

o Optimum Postulate

Decision Making Non Rational Methodologieso Implicit Favorite Model

o Organizational Anarchy


• Limited Rationality Principle (H. Simon, 1969)

• No optimization but satisficing solution research (best

consensus) : satisficing

• Decisions Made one by one in a limited area

• Progressive Process

• Decision Makers can use contradictory criteria

• No more Global Utility Function (Contradiction with Von Neumann and Morgenstern’s hypothesis)

Decision Support


Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Management Information Systems

Operational Research

Decision Support Systems

DataWarehouse

Group Decision Support Systems

Intelligent DSS

70

PC

90

DataHuge

Volume

Group

AI(KBS)

Internet

2000


DSS

Interactive Optimization

MBMS

DBMS

User Human / Computer Interface

Sprague and Carlsson (1982)


• Keen and Scott Morton (1978) :• Support decision makers in their semi-structured

decision making processes

• Help rather than replace decision makers judgment

• Improve effectiveness(+) and efficiency of decision making.

DSS


Intelligent DSS

Cooperative Designing Approach

User Human / Computer Interface

MBMS

DBMS

InferenceEngine

Marakas (2003)


• ICT : Decision Making processes modification- Organizational : Multi-actors

- Cognitive : Sorting Step reinforcement

• Cooperative Decision

ICT Introduction


Cooperative DSS

User

MBMS

DBMS

KnowledgeBase

TasksManagement

InterpersonalCommunication

Other User

KnowledgeManagement

CDSS

DynamicalHCI

DynamicalHCI


• A Group Perspective

• A recommendation perspective

Two Approches

A Multi-Criteria Approach◦ MCDM

◦ MCDA


• “… mix of devices, software, persons, processes, allowing collaboration among group of persons.” (Sprague and Carlson, 1982)

• …mix of computers, communications, technologies of decision working together to support problems identification, formulating and generating solutions during work meetings.” (DeSanctis and Gallupe, 1987)

Group Decision Support Systems


• Improve groups efficiency

• Tangible• Time reduction• Increasing the number of good ideas

• Intangible (difficult to quantify)• Improve group cohesion• Improve problem definition• Good group commitment

GDSS Advantages


Kinds of GDSS


• Important impact on the group outputs and productivity

• “…activities done, before, during and after a collective decision meeting to support the group to reach their objectives defined during the decision process.” (Bostrom, Anson and Clawson, 1993)

• “… defined as a process through which an external person of the group, non concerned by the decision, officially recognized and accepted by the group, is employed to support a group engaged in a decision making process.” (Adla, 2010)

Facilitation - Definitions


• Technical• Assist stakeholders with the technology use

• Process• Moderate the stakeholders and their interactions in the tasks achievement in

order to make arising the meeting objectives, and to guide the participants

• Content• Imply to directly deal with the problem to solve

Kinds of Facilitation


• Content oriented• Dynamical Text Guide in a Multi-Criteria GDSS (Limayen, De Sanctis, 2000)

• Cooperative Knowledge Based System (Adla, 2011)

• Automatic ideas clustering (Yuan, 2008)

• Process oriented• Agent Based System (Nunamaker at al., 2002)

• Group activity analysis (indicators analysis) (Nunamaker et al., 2002; Vivacquaet al., 2011)

• Facilitation Process (Adla, 2010) Difficulties to agree on common criteria used for Decision Making

Tools for Facilitation


Facilitation ProcessGROUP FACILITATION

PROCESS

DURINGMEETINGPRE MEETING

Creating

Agenda

Generating

alternatives

Organizing

alternativesEvaluating

alternatives

Choosing

solution

Presentingsolution

Fig. 1: Group facilitation process

Selecting

participants Reporting

POST MEETING

(Adla, 2010)


• Macharis et al. (2018) • GDSS: Promethee

• Decision Makers • Individual Preferences

• Private Criteria

• One performance matrix by Decision Maker

• Global aggregation for the group Weighted Sum

• MAMCA

• Advantage: Sensitive Analysis among Stakeholders

• Limit: No Collaboration, No Co-Decision, No Common Share

MCDM Group Decision Making


» Web Application : ToolBox˃ Raphael Chatellet

˃ Adama Coulibaly

˃ Morteza Yazdani

˃ Collaboration Jacqueline Konate –

Université Bamako Mali

» Based on Grails web application framework ˃ Open Source Framework

» GRUS is a fully open source system : available upon request

GRoUp System (GRUS)


» Can be used in several situations

» In GDSS, 2 roles of user ˃ One facilitator (meeting manager)

˃ Several Participants (meeting contributors)

GRUS Features 1/2


» 2 kinds of meetings are available ˃ Public meetings

+ All registered users in GRUS system can participate˃ Private meetings

+ Only invited users can participate to a private meeting

» Some collaborative tools are available˃ Electronic Brainstorming˃ Categorizer˃ Vote˃ Agenda˃ Report…

» User with the role of facilitator can for her/his meeting ˃ Define the meeting type

+ Group process (sequence of collaborative tools)˃ Invite users˃ Manage the group process (stop, add, delete,…) tools

GRUS Features 2/2


» Open System for˃ Sharing collaborative tools

˃ Sharing group processes

» Promote the use of GDSS in organizations

» Improve the efficiency of group work

GRUS Objectives


• Several tools

• Combine them

• Flexible process

GRUS as a Tool-Box


• Process• Several steps

• Several tools

• Dynamically updated• Add / Remove stakeholders

• Add / remove steps

GRUS : Process oriented


MCDM ProcessesParameters Facilitator

StakeholdersWeight

Brainstorming AllCrietria and Alternatives Definition

Clustering FacilitatorCriiteria and Alternatives

reduction

IndividualPreferences

AllMCDA Matrix

(Clusters)

Consensus FacilitatorResultsDisplay

Decision Facilitator Decision

Report Facilitator File report

Weighted SumChoquet Integral

grus_english_accelerated.mp4


Vote Processes

Parameters FacilitatorStakeholders

Weight

Brainstorming AllAlternatives Definition

IndividualPreferences

AllRanked

Alternatives

Consensus FacilitatorDisplay Results

Decision Facilitator Decision

Report Facilitator File report

BordaCondorcet


Experiments in WP12

27 sessions

•Differents countries

13 secondments

•FEDACOVA

•IFA

•UNLP

•INIA

12 hosted secondments

•UNLP

•FEDOCAVO


Experiments WP12 (Non academic)

Group Decision MakingExperiment

17/06/2019

IFA

Coventry - UK

Group Decision Making - Thinklet

08/07/2019

FEDACOVA

Valencia - Spain

Group Decision making – Test Tomatoes production

06/11/2019

FEDACOVA

Valencia - Spain


Experiments WP12 (Academics)

Academic Results27/05/2019ICDSST-2019

Madeira - PORTUGAL

New project preparation

3/07/2019

UoP & UPV

Plymouth - UK

Academic Results

12/06/2019

GDN 2019

Loughborough - UK


Feedback• Based on the 1st period learning outcomes, we improved our way to teach our

knowledge about Group Decision Making and our developed system called GRUS

• We established a generic session of teaching / testing:1. Presentation based on Power Point of the system developed called GRUS2. Presentation of a video explaining how the system can be used – Video established in

collaboration with UNLP (see the last slide)3. Use the GRUS system4. Feedback of the end-users based on a questionnaire

• 27 teaching and experimentation sessions / 3 years / 4 countries / 6 different partners

• Based on these 27 sessions, we improved our Group decision Support System : recommendation of a process depending on the context


Outcome : GDSS• Improvement of the Group Decision Support Systems (GRUS)

• BrainstormingStrategic

• VoteTatic

• MulticriteriaOperationnal

GR

OU

DA Consensus

Thinklets

Multi-Criteria


Outcome : Multi-Criteria

• MCDM approach time-consuming• AHP (Saaty) • Automatic

• Web-AugmentationIntelligence

• Profiling

• Case baseDesign

• Multi-criteria

• AHPChoice

• Case baseReview

• LOGIKOS• Collaboration UNLP

• Cognitive Decision Process (Simon)


Outcome : Testing• Testing steps approach time-consuming

• Make the generation of User Acceptance Test (UAT) easier

• Generate UAT in semi-automatic way

• Support the software engineers to elicit, to clarify and to discuss the business processes and the requirements ⇒ Decision Support System

• Semi Automatic tests : Combination of two approaches• Software Engineering (Scenario approach)• Planning• Collaboration with UNLP

Scenarios description

Websiteapplication interface

Task/method model

Translation rules

Execution tree

Execution engine

Test cases

Graph traversing


Outcome : Generating solution• Solutions generation time-consuming

• Tomato scenario• Objectives :

• SC profit• SC wastes• Unfulfilled demand

• Combination of Optimization models Group Decision Making• Collaboration UPV• Optimisation model : Simulation

Generation of 10 alternatives• GRUS : Ranking

10 optimal

solutions

GRUS

Final ranking

Researchersexperiments

Businessmen experiments

• SC Profit : main objective

• SC Wastes and Unfulfilled demand influence final ranking


Long term outcomes

• Proposal of a new STIC-AMSUD project jointly with UNLP and Universidade de la Frontera, Chile

• Knowledge transfer Workshop InnOpenFood: Open Innovation in the food sector for a complex and rapid-changing environment. AINIA., Valencia, Spain; November 13th 2018.


Videos and links

• Role of the UT1C team in the RUC-APS project – Created by UT1C out of RUC-APS support

https://dai.ly/x7bftd2

• Video of the Group Decision Support System use based a farm scenario – Created in collaboration with UNLP

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6YUTJy5OW8&feature=youtu.be(Spanish)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkn7XhNK8hU&feature=youtu.be(English)

https://dai.ly/x7bftd2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6YUTJy5OW8&feature=youtu.be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkn7XhNK8hU&feature=youtu.be


Publications

• Leandro Antonelli, Mariángeles Hozikian, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandez, Julian Grigera, Diego Torres, Pascale Zarate. Wiki support for automated definition of software test cases. Kybernetes, ISSN: 0368-492X, Publication date: 19 June 2019

• Amir Sakka, Gabriela Bosetti, Julián Grigera, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandes, Pascale Zaraté, Sandro Bimonte, Lucile Sautot. UX challenges in GDSS: An Experience Report (regular paper). In : Group Decision and Negotiation (GDN 2019), Loughborough, UK, 11/06/2019-15/06/2019, Vol. 351, Danielle MORAIS, Ashley CARRERAS, Adiel TEIXEIRA DE ALMEIDA, Rudolf VETSCHERA (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, p. 67-79, juin / june 2019.

• Alejandro Fernandes, Gabriela Bosetti, Sergio Firmenich, Pascale Zaraté. Logikós: Augmenting the Web with Multi-criteria Decision Support (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira,Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019, Vol. 348, Paulo Sérgio Abreu Freitas, Fatima Dargam, José Maria Moreno (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, p. 123-135, may 2019.

• Pascale Zaraté, Mareva Alemany, Mariana Del Pino, Ana Esteso Alvarez, Guy Camilleri. How to Support Group Decision Making in Horticulture: An Approach Based on the Combination of a Centralized Mathematical Model and a Group Decision Support System (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019, Vol. 348, Paulo Sérgio Abreu Freitas, Fatima Dargam, José Maria Moreno (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, (on line), may 2019.

• Julian Grigera, Alejandra Garrido, Pascale Zaraté, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandez. A Mixed Usability Evaluation on a Multi Criteria Group Decision Support System in Agriculture (regular paper). In : ACM International Conference on Human Computer Interaction, Palma, Spain, 12/09/2018-14/09/2018, ACM : Association for Computing Machinery, (on line), september 2018.


Enhancing and implementing Knowledge based ICT solutions within high Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems

(RUC-APS)

WP Leader

Pascale Zaraté

[email protected]

Work-Package No 12 :

Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems

YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS

Documents

YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS...Support (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019,