Year12QCSTestPreparationShortResponse

(SR)Sub-test

PreparedforyoubyMatthewRigby

Copyright2017GoGrammarConsultingBrisbane

Yourjobisto:writedownthesewordsandtheirmeanings fromtheslidesontoyourownlinedpaper.

ThereareseveralwordsthattheSRitemwritersexpectyoutoknowthemeaningsofbyYear12.

These150wordsarevitalvocabulary.Youmust learnandmemorisethesewords’meanings(from1992to2016).

Pleasewritethisdownnow:

para [Greek]=beside,nextto,sidebyside+

grapho [Greek]=Iwriteà paragraph = adistinctcollectionofwritingallrelatedtotheonesameorsimilartopicorpoint(thesisstatement)startingonanewline

paragraphos [Greek]=à paragraph =adistinctsectionofwritingdealingwiththeonepointandusuallybeginningonanewline.

• vivid(2010&2014SR);vitality(2011SR) =strongandclear;brightordazzlingàwordsmakethepassageorpoemcomealivevivovita[Latin]=aliveorlife(vivacious;vitality;vividness;vital;vitamin)

• plausible=believable;credible;likely;possiblecredocreditus[Latin]=Ibelieveà credible;incredible;credibility

paraphrasis [Greek]àparaphrase =restatethemainideasorpointsinsimilarorrelatedwordsbutnotinexactlythesamewords

• incongruityorincongruence =somethingoutofplace,unsuitableorirrelevant.(Thiswasusedinthe2010SRpaper.)

• aptoraptness=whenawordorimageisappropriate,wellchosen,suitable,fittingorrelevant.Usedveryoftenfrom1992to2016.

• naïveornaivete[French]=whenawordinapassageorpoemorimageinapaintingisinnocent,simple,unsophisticated,child-like,ignorantorimmature.(Usedin2012and2015SR&2010MCIpapers.)

contra [GreekandLatin] =oppositeoragainstàcontrast;contrastingelements;contradiction

• contrast=Imuststatethecleardifferencesoroppositesifgiventwoorthreephotos,poems,paintings,sculptures.NOTE:Theword“contrast”hasbeenusedeveryyearfrom1992to2015.

pathos [Greek]=feeling,emotionorillnessorsicknessàsympathy,pathos,empathy,sympathise;

sym [Greek]=withortogether+pathos [Greek]=emotionorfeelingàsympathy=toshareinafeelingofsorrowortroublewithsomeone;tounderstandandagreewithsomeone

DoyouwanttoimpresstheSRmarkers? Usethis:

Theauthor/poetpositionsreaderstofeelsympathy forORsympathise withtheplight(situation)ofthe…

plight= aperson’sorgroup’sstateorcondition,usuallyabadsituation(1998SR)Example:TheSyrianrefugees,whoweretryingtoescapefromthecivilwar,werefacedwithanawfulplightorsituation.

• uni orunum [Latin]=oneàunifying (2011SR)=statethesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoorthreephotos,poems,paintings,sculpturesorextractsfromnovelsthatyouaregiveninthestimulus.

• contradictus [Latin]= saidagainstà contradiction;contradictory;contradicting(so,youmuststatetheopposites)

So,ifyouareaskedtowriteaboutthecontradictionsbetweentwoorthreepiecesofstimulus,thenyoumustwriteabouttheopposites.Thereisaquestion(oritem)onthisusuallyeveryyearandhasbeensince1992.

juxta [Latin]=beside,nexttoorclose

+positio [Latin]=positionoraplacement

à juxtaposition

Juxtapositionoccurswhenapoet,writer,artistorcartoonistdeliberatelyplacessidebysideorclosetogethertwoormoredifferent,opposingorcontrastingwords,imagesorideasinapoem,novel,play,paintingorcartoon.

JuxtapositionàWhydoSRitemwritersusethis?YoumustwriteaboutBOTHthesimilaritiesandthedifferencesinthetwoorthreephotos/poems/sculptures/passagesinacompare-contrastparagraph

caricature=apicture,drawingorcartoonthatmakesfunoformockspeople(especiallypoliticiansand‘celebrities’)bygrosslyexaggeratingtheirunusualphysicalfeatures(suchasears,hair,nose,eyes,face)

Ofwhomisthisacaricature?

irony=atechniquethatpoetsandwritersuseinwhichtheysayonethingbutmeantheoppositeà beingironic

(Wasusedin2012and2013SRpapers)

apun= usingwordsthatcanhavemorethanonemeaninginaparticularcontext(Wasusedinthe2012SRpaper)

hyperbole=atechniquethatpoetsandwritersuseexaggerationofsomethingbutitnotmeanttobetakenseriously(Usedin2010and2012SRpapers)

understatement=atechniquewritersusetominimisewhateverisspokenabout(Usedin2012SRpaper)

• statos[Greek]=standingà status=someone’ssocialorprofessionalrank,positionorimportance(status,statue,stationary,socio-economicstatus(SES)group

• Commentontheextent/degreetowhich…à Stateyouropinion(commenton=giveyouropinion)ANDthenstate“toagreatORmoderateORsmallextent/degree”.(Thiswasusedin2012SRpaper.)

• Towhatextentdoesthepoet/photographerbelievethat…?à Thepoet/writer/cartoonistbelievestoagreatORmoderateORsmallextent/degreethat…Thisisyourthesisstatementinyourtopicsentence.

concise =shortorbriefandtothepoint(2008SR)anecdote =ashortaccountofafunnyorinterestingpersonorevent.e.g.Icantellyoualotofanecdotesaboutourholiday.

• hypothesis =yourbasicunderlyingargumentorpropositionhypo [Greek]=underorbelow+thesisà anhypothesisisanunderlyingproposaloridea(2008SRpaper)

• evocative =todescribeorcalluporproducememoriesorfeelings(2008SRpaper)vocovocatusvocare [Latin]=tocalloutortocallupmemoriesandemotionsà evoke;evocative;provoke;vocal;vocalise;vocation

• derision(noun)ortoderide(verb)=theactoflaughingatormakingfunofsomeone;mockery;ridicule(2009SR)

• diffidentordiffidence=notconfidentorsureofyourself(2009SR).Example:Heisveryshyordiffidentaboutspeakinginpublic.

deceive=totrickormislead;(2009SRpaper)inconsistency =lackingagreementbetweenthedifferentpartsorelementsornotmakingsensewhentakentogether

• begetting =causingorproducinge.g.violencebegettingviolence(2009SRpaper)

• ananalogy =alikenessbetweentwoormorethingswhichmakesyoucomparethemExample:Teacherssometimesdrawananalogyorcomparisonbetweenaheartanda

pump.(2009SRpaper)

• preceding (2009SR)pre- [Latin]=before+cede [Latin]=toyield,move,goorsurrenderàpreceding= togobeforeExample:Theprecedingyearwastheyearbeforethisone.

• exaggeration=tospeakofsomethingasgreaterthanitis.Example:Sheexaggeratesherwealth.(2009and2012SRpapers)

• repetition =theactofrepeating(2009,2011&2014SR)Example:Repetitionbecomestediousorboring.Avoidrepetition.

• imagery=thetechniquethroughwhichawriterorpoetcreatespicturesinthereader’smindtomakethewordsmorealiveorvivid(especiallybyusingmetaphorsandsimiles).(2007&2009SR)

• discrepancy OR aninconsistency=adifferenceoraninconsistency.Thereisadiscreprancybetweentheirtwostories.(2009SRpaper)

• troublesome (2010SR)=adifficultorunhappypersonwhoorasituationthatcausesdifficulty,unhappinessortrouble

• ambiguousambi [Greek]=bothà withmorethanonemeaning.Example:Shegaveanambiguousorunclearreplytothequestion.

• unambiguous(2010SR)un- [Latin]=not+ambi [Greek]=bothàclearandsimplewithonlyonepossiblemeaning

• ambivalentambi[Greek]=bothà havingoppositeorconflictingfeelingstowardssomeoneorsomething

Example:AlthoughIenjoyparties,Iamambivalentoruncertainaboutgoingtoonewithoutmyfriend.

• continuity (2010SR)=goingwithoutstopping;continuous.Thecontinuityofhisbreathingshowedthathewasstillalive.

•predictabilityorprediction (2007&2010SR

papers)=pre- [Latin]=before+dicodictusdicere[Latin]=IspeakorItellàtellingwhatisgoingtohappeninthefuturebeforeithappens

2010SRitemcuefromItem18,a[****]:Craftyourresponseusingvivid descriptionsthatdifferfromthoseintheextract.Thisisthekeyterm.

• charismatic =thepowertoattractandinfluencepeople;appeal;charm;magnetismcharism [Greek]=agiftAsuccessfulleadershouldhavecharismasopeoplefollowherorhim.

• ubiquitous =thestateofbeingeverywhereatthesametimeorverywidespread;omnipresenceubique [Latin]=everywhere

• stanza (2007SR)=agroupoflinesofpoetryarrangedinapatternorverse

• visual (2007SR)videovisum[Latin]=Iseeà abletobeseen.Teachersusepicturesasvisualaidsthattheirstudentscanview.

• auditory(2007SR)audio [Greek/Latin]=tohearortolistenà havingtodowithhearingortheears.Example:Teachersuseauditorysignalssotheirstudentscanhearthem.

• kinaesthetic(2007SR)kinein [Greek]=tomoveàmovingyourbodyespeciallymuscles,tendons,joints.Somestudentslearnkinaestheticallybymovingorusingtheirbodies.

• rapture (2006SRpaper)=seizedoroverpoweredbystrongfeelingsoremotions;ecstatic,joyordelight;fullofenthusiasm

• intendedmessageorintendedmeaningofaposter/pictogram/photo(2006and2016SR)=theinvitedmeaningthattheauthorwantsreaderstogetorsee

• consequence (2006SR)con- [Latin]=togetherorwith+sequorsecutus[Latin]=tofollowà anoutcome,resultoreffectthatfollowsfromsomethingelse

• courage=thestrengthtodoorfacesomethingthatyoufindfrightening.Example:Shehasn’tthecouragetolearntodrive.(2013SRpaper)

• cantankerous=bad-temperedandquarrelsome;aggressive;argumentative;defiant;stroppy(2013SRpaper)

• extravagance=wasteful;toohighorexorbitant;veryelaborateorflamboyant;overindulgence(2013SR)

• suspiciousness=distrustful;causingyoutobelievethatsomethingbadishappening(2013SR)

• gullibleorgullibility=easilyfooled,deceived,trickedorcheated;naïve(2013SRpaper)

• impertinenceorimpertinent=cheekyorrudepersonorbehaviour(2013SRpaper)

• belligerentorbelligerence=angryandaggressive;argumentative;hostile;warlikeExample:Weweresurprisedbyhisbelligerentbehaviour.bellos [Greek] =war-like (2013SRpaper)

• meekormeekness=patientandobeyingeasily;humble;modest;submissive;unassumingExample:Hewastoomeektoobjecttotheunfairarrangements.(2013SR)

• servileorservility=weaklyallowingsomeonetohavecontroloveryou;downtrodden;submissive;subservient(2013SR)

• inflexibleorinflexibility=notflexible;rigid;unyielding;stubborn(2013SR)

• tolerantortolerance=beingpatientorfairtootherswhoseopinionsorbeliefsdifferfromone’sown;freedomfrombigotry(2013SR)

• indulgentorindulgence=toindulgesomeone;givingintoadesire;tosatisfyorgratifyyourdesiresorfeelings;toallowyourselftofollowyourownwill(2013SR)

• fore(2014SR)=situatedorplacedinfront;thefrontpartofsomething,especiallyaship

• fore (2004SR=somehtingagolfercallsoutasawarningtopeoplewhointhepathofagolfball

•whey(2014SR)=isthewaterypartofmilkthatremainsaftertheformationofcurdsExample:Alotofweighliftersusewheypowderintheirdrinksasapartoftheirweighttraining.

• rite (2014SR)=isareligiousorsolemnceremony,especiallyaspartofChristianchurchceremonyOR

• rite (2014SR)=asocialcustom,practiceorconventionalceremonyorritual

• ariteofpassage=aceremonyperformedtomarkaperson’schangeofstatus(suchasmarriage,illnessordeath)ofanindividual

Example:Manyfilmsandnovelsdepictthestateofadolescenceandhowteenagersandyouthadultsundergovariousritesofpassageastheymovefrom

childhoodtoadulthood. OR

Example:BuyingyourfirstcarisanimportantriteofpassageasisreadingtheageofeighteenwhenitbecomeslegalinAustraliatodrive,tovoteinelectionsandtodrinkalcohol.ORMarriageisanotherveryimportantriteofpassage.

• awe (2014SR)=afeelingofreverentialrespectmixedwithfearorwonder

Example:Thebeautifulsightofthetropicalrainforestsandwaterfallsfilledmewithawe.ORHiscolleaguesareinaweofhimandhisabilities.ORMyfeelingsofannoyancequicklyfadedawayandwerereplacedwithfeelingsofaweandrespect.ORDubairetainsitsaweformuchoftheMiddleEast’speopleasitoffersthetravelleramultitudeofreasonstovisit.

• ore (2014SR)=anaturallyoccurringsolidmaterialfromwhichametalorvaluablemineralcanbeextractedprofitablyExamples:Someofthebiggestdepositsofsilver,leadandzincoresintheworldarefoundinMountIsainnorth-westQueensland.

• oar (2014SR) =apolewithaflatblade,pivotinginanoarlock,usedtoroworsteeraboatthroughthewater

Example:EachrowerhadtocarryhisoartotherowingscullbeforetheteamcouldcompeteintherowingregattaontheBrisbaneRiver.ORShewasconsideredbymanytobeststrokeoarinthelonghistoryofrowingatheruniversityclub.

• eradicateoreradication(2014SRUnitSix)=todestroyorkillorwipeoutExample:Inthe1920sadecisionwasmadetoeradicatethewolfpopulationintheYellowstoneNationalParkintheUSA.

• vigilant (2014SR)=alert,watchfulandverycarefulExample:Wolvesbecomemorevigilantandkeeponthemovemore.

• fortitude(2014SR)=patientcourageintimesofsickness,hardshiporpoverty.Example:Alotofpeopledon’thavethefortituderequiredtoread TheHungerGamestrilogy.

• trilogy [2014SR]=aseriesofthreerelatedworks,suchasnovelsorplays.trestria[Latin]=threeExample:Inlightofthediscussionsinlines8-12,explorethewriter’sresponsetohavingreadallofTheHungerGamestrilogy.(2014Item15[***])

• tangotactus [Latin]=Itouchà tangible =abletobetouched;in- [L]=not+tangotactus[L]=Itouchà intangible =notabletobetouched

• distinct [1993&2014SR]=separateordifferent;clearandunmistakeableExample:Selectthreedistincttypesofreadingandlinkeachtoadifferentfood.(2014SRItem16[****]item)

• strategic(2014SR)=verycleverorwellchosenplanningorschemeExample:Discusshoweffectivelythegraphicdesignandthestrategicplacementofthesignworktoadvertisethecompany.2014SRItem7[****]

• optimist(2015SR)=someonewhoishopefulorlooksonthebrightsideandalwayshopesforthebestExample:She’snotwellbutsheisstillveryoptimisticaboutthefuture.

• idealist[2015SR]=apersonwhorepresentsthingsastheyshouldideallyberatherthantheyastheyreallyare

• anarchist[2015SR]=apersonwhowantstodestroytheorderinsocietyprovidedbyagovernmentbutnotreplacewhathasbeendestroyedwithanyothersystem

anarchos [Greek]=withoutarulerà anarchy;anarchist

• pragmatist[2015SR]=apersonwhoisrealistic,practical,thinksabouttheresultsorusefulnessofactionsExample:Sheistoomuchofapragmatisttowastetimewantingwhatshecan’thave.

• pessimist (2015SR)=someonewholooksonthegloomyornegativesideofthingsandexpectsthingswillturnoutbadly

• prosecutor/prosecutinglawyer(2015SR)=alawyerorofficeinalawcourtwhostartsandcarriesonlegalproceedingsinacourtofjustice

• glib(2015SR)=apersonwhoisreadyandfluentandoftenthoughtlessorinsecureExample:aglibspeakeroraglibtongue

• sanguine(2015SR)=describesapersonwhoisnaturallycheerfulandhopefulorconfidentExample:Hehadasanguinedispositionbecausehewasalwayscheerfulandconfident.

• naïve(adjective);naiveteornaivety (noun)[2010and2015SR]=havingorshowingnaturalsimplicityoralackofsophistication;simple,innocentandignorant;gullible;lackofexperienceorwisdom

Example:Theyoungwomanandtheoldwomanbetweenthemillustratethechasmsbetweenhopeanddisillusionmentandbetweennaivetyandexperience.

• indifferent(2015SR)=showingnointerestorconcernaboutsomeoneorsomethingExample:WhenIspokeofmygrief,shewasindifferentasshedidn’tappeartocare.

• prudence(2015SR)=havingcarefulpracticalwisdomorgoodsoundjudgement

• nostaglia(2015SR)=alongingforthepastandallthingsthatbelongedinit

• illusory(2015SR)=deceptive;somethingthattricksordeceivesbyproducingafalseimpression;mocking;unreal

• montage[French](2001SR)=themethodofarranginginonepaintingpictorialelementsborrowedfromseveralsourcessothattheelementsarebothdistinctandblendedintoawhole;alsoatechniqueinfilmeditinginwhichseveralshotsarejuxtaposedorpartiallysuperimposedtoformasingleimage

• triptych (2011SR)=isaworkofart(usuallyapanelpainting)thatisdividedintothreesectionsorpanelsandcanbefoldedshutordisplayedopen

• understatement (2002SR)=tostateorrepresentlessstronglythanisdesirableornecessary;statewithtoolittleemphasisExample:ItisanunderstatementthattheUSpresident,DonaldTrump,isaconfidentperson.

• alternate(2002SR)=tofollowoneanotherintimereciprocally(usuallyfollowedbytheword“with”). alter[Latin]=otheràalternate Example:Dayandnightalternatewitheachother.

• alternative (2002SR)= thepossibilityofoneoutoftwoormorethings;givingachoicebetweentwothingsExample:Analternativetowearingablueshirtistowearawhiteshirt.

• euphemism(2003SR)=thesubstitutionofamild,indirectorvagueexpressionforaharshorbluntonsExample:“Topassaway”isaeuphemismfor“todie”.euphemismos[Greek]=usefairwords

• rigid (2004SR)=stifforunyielding;notpliantorflexible;hard;intolerant

• innocuous (2005SR)=notharmfulorinjurious;harmlessinnocuus[Latin]

• phenomena (2005SR)=factsorcircumstancesthatcanbeseenorobserved;somethingthatimressestheobserverasextraordinary;remarkablethings

phainomenon[Greek]=thatwhichisappearing

• suffocating (2005SR)=asphyxiating;tokillbypreventingtheaccessofairtothebloodthroughthelungsExample:Thetoxicairpollutionwassuffocatingandtheycouldn’tbreathe.suffocatus[Latin]=choked

• mood (2005SR)=theatmosphere;theframeofmindorfeelingataparticulartimemod [OldEnglish]=mind,spirit,moodExample:Themoodinthescenewasdark,tenseandfrightening.

• rapture (2006SR);enraptured (2007SR)=ecstaticjoyordelight;joyfulecstasyExample:TheTownsvillestadiumofNQCowboyssupporterswasinastateofrapturewhentheirteamwonthegrandfinal.

• poignancy [noun];poignant [adjective](2008SR)=keenorstronginmentalappeal;stronglydistressingtoyourmentalorphysicalfeelingspungere[Latin]=toprickorpierceExample:TherewasafeelingofpoignantsufferingfeltbypeopleattheANZACDayceremony.

• pessimism [noun];pessimistic [adjective](2008SR)= takingtheworstorgloomiestpossiblevieworopinion;thebeliefthattheevilandpainintheworldarenotcompensatedforbythegoodandhappinesspessimus [Latin]=worst

• abstract(shapesinart)(1993and2007SR)=a20thcenturyconceptofartwhichrejectsthefunctionofartasportrayingperceivedrealitybutfavoursnon-formalelementsandspontaneityandimprovisation

• epiphany (2007SR)=anappearance,revelationormanifestationofadivinebeing;arevelationofthebasicnatureofsomething;aperceptionofsomeessentialtruthepiphaneia[Greek]=appearance;manifestation;comingtolightExample:TheChristianfestivaloftheEpiphanyonJanuary6celebratestheappearanceofJesustothethreewisemen.

• melodramatic[adjective](2008SR);melodrama[noun]=anangry,sentimentalorexaggerateddisplayofapersoninanon-threateningenvironment Example:Therewasmuchmelodramainthefootballlockerroomafterthechampion’sdefeat.

• petulant(2008SR)=movedtoorshowingsuddenimpatientirritationespeciallyoversomelittleortriflingannoyance.petulans[Latin]=forwardorwantonExample:Herpetulanttossofherheadindicatedthatshewasadramaqueen.

• deduction [noun];deduced[verb](2009SR)=toinfer;tocometoaconclusionfromsomethingknownorassumed;totracethederivationof.deductus [Latin]=leddownorwithdrawnExample:Thedeductionwereachedwasthatthechemicalexplosionwascausedbythescienceexperiment.

• liberty (2009SR)=freedomfromdespoticortyrannicalgovernment;independence;freedomfromexternalcontrolorinterference.libertas [Latin]=tobefreeExample:Theprisonersoonregainedhisfreedomwhenhewasreleasedfromjail.

• repetition (2009SR)=theactofrepeating;repeatedactionorperformance;somethingmadebyrepeating.repetitio [Latin]Example:Thedeliberaterepetitionofwordsinthepoemcreatedastrongeffect.

• disparate=distinct;essentiallydifferent;dissimilar;unalike.disparatus[Latin]=separate.Example:Manydisparategroupsinsocietycanbeseenandtheygetalongquitewellorharmoniously.

• peripheral(2016SR)=relatingtoorabouttheoutsideoredgeorperiphery;ofminororlittleimportance;notessential;superficial;outsideofperipheria[Latin]

• mercantile(2016SR)=commercialortrade;relatingtotradeorcommerceinwhichapersonbuysandsellsgoodsusuallyforaprofitmercari [Latin]=trade

• dreary(2016SR)=causingsadnessorgloom;sad;sorrowful;dull;boringExample:Theoldandbrokendownshopsandpubsinthemainstreetweredreary,dullandmademefeelsad.driorig [Anglo-SaxonorOldEnglish]=gory;cruel;sad

• secluded (2016SR)=shutofforseparatedfromothersExample:OnourrecentholidayinHawaiiwewereabletoswiminasecludedandveryquietbeachthatwashiddenfromtheusualtouristsites.

• imposing(2016SR)=makinganimpressiononsomeone’smindorbrainduetoitsgreatsize,statelyappearanceExample:AttheendoftheMallincentralLondonsitstheimposingBuckinghamPalace,whichisthemainLondonhomeofourQueen.

• diplomatically (2016SR)=beingskilledindiplomacy;tactful;verypoliteandwell-manneredExample:TheformerUSpresident,BarackObama,diplomaticallyorpolitelytreatedhisopponentDonaldTrumpandwasn’trudetohim.

Weareall goingtocoachyouforsuccessintheYear12QCSTestwhichisonAugust29and30,2017.

CopyrightJuly2017M.E.RigbyLiteracyconsultantGoGrammarConsultingBrisbane