Year 11 GCSE PHYSICS REVISION QUESTIONS PAPER 2 … · Year 11 GCSE PHYSICS REVISION QUESTIONS ... when light meets a glass-air boundary at different angles of incidence. ... 0.25

Moulsham High School 1

Year 11 GCSE PHYSICS REVISION

QUESTIONS

PAPER 2

Higher Level

Energy Force & Communication


1. The diagram shows a metal wire placed in a magnetic field.

NS

+ –

current

field A

B

C

D

(a) Which arrow shows the direction of the magnetic force on the wire?

.................................................................................................................................... (1)

(b) In a d.c. motor, the forces on a coil of wire make it rotate. The diagram shows a simple motor and the force acting on one side of the coil of wire.

Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the force acting on the right-hand side of the coil of wire.

(1)

(c) The current in the coil is reversed. Draw arrows on the diagram below to show the forces now acting on the sides of the coil of wire.

(2)

(Total 4 marks)


2. The diagrams show what happens when light meets a glass-air boundary at different angles of

incidence.

A B C

(a) Describe what is happening to light in diagrams A and C.

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(b) Complete the diagram to show how light passes through a prism in a cycle reflector.

(2)

(Total 5 marks)


3. When two thin strips of plastic are rubbed with a duster they move away from each other.

The arrow shows the electrostatic force on one of the strips.

wooden block

plastic strip

electrostatic force

(a) Draw an arrow to show the direction of the electrostatic force on the other strip. (1)

(b) Compare the sizes of the electrostatic forces on the strips.

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(c) Explain why the strips move away from each other.

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(d) (i) What particles are transferred between materials when an object becomes charged by rubbing?

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(ii) These particles carry a negative charge. What is the sign of the charge on objects that lose these particles?

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Give a reason for your answer.

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(Total 6 marks)


4. Springs can be used to measure weight.

The table contains data about a spring inside bathroom scales for weighing people.

weight (N) length (cm)

0 2.40

200 1.85

400 1.30

600 0.75

(a) Use the data in the table to complete the graph.

3

2

1

0

length ofspring in cm

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600weight on spring in N

(3)

(b) What happens to the spring when someone stands on the scales?

............................................................................................................................... (1)

(c) How long is the spring when a boy who weighs 500 N stands on the scales?

...................................... cm (1)

(d) How long is the spring after the boy steps off the scales?

...................................... cm (1)

(e) Suggest why the spring does not change in size when the weight on it increases from 1 200 N to 1 600 N.

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(f) How could the scales be adapted to measure the weight of people who are heavier than 1

200 N?

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(Total 8 marks)

5. Some periscopes use prisms to change the direction of the rays of light from objects. This is shown in the diagram.

A

B C

45º

45º

ray of lightfrom distantobject

(a) Explain why the ray of light takes this path through the prism.

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(b) A prism can also be used to invert an image. The diagram shows two light rays from an object. Use a ruler to complete the path of the two rays shown, as they travel through and out of the prism.

(2)

(Total 5 marks)


6. The diagram shows part of the braking system of a car.

There is a bubble of air in the brake fluid. When the pressure in the brake fluid is 100 kPa, the volume of the air bubble is 0.30 cm3. The brakes are applied. The pressure changes to 500 kPa. Use the equation

P1V1 = P2V2

to calculate the new volume of the air bubble.

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...............................................................................................................................…... cm3 (2)

(Total 2 marks)

7. A pest control device emits sound at frequencies between 50 kHz and 70 kHz. The device is shown in the diagram.

Pest Control TM HARMLESS TO CATS,DOGS & PEOPLE

BUT RATS - MICE ANDANTS CAN'T STAND IT

GUARANTEEDto rid any buildingof Rats, Mice, Ants

and Spiders

(a) What name is given to sound with a frequency greater than 20 kHz?

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(b) The frequency of a transmitted wave is 1800 Hz.

Sound travels at 340 m/s in air. Calculate the wavelength of this sound wave in air.

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(Total 4 marks)

8. (a) A polythene rod becomes negatively charged when it is rubbed with a dry cloth. Explain this.

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(b) Electrostatic charges have many uses in business and industry.

original document

copied documenttoner cartridge

image on drum

The following statements are about a photocopier and how it works but they are not in order.

1 Toner particles are transferred from the drum to the postively charged paper, producing an image of X.

2 The drum surface is positively charged. 3 Blank pieces of paper are fed into the photocopier. 4 Heaters fix the image on the paper. 5 The lit part of the drum loses its charge. 6 The coating of the drum conducts when light falls on it. 7 The particles of toner powder are negatively charged and are not attracted to the

lit part of the drum. Put the statements in the correct order to show how the photocopier works.


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(Total 5 marks)

9. (a) Hayley builds an electric motor.

She attaches the connecting wires to a d.c. power supply. Explain why the coil starts to turn when a current passes through it.

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(b) The enlarged diagram shows the structure of the commutator.

The bare wires at the end of the coil act as the commutator.

Describe how the commutator enables the coil to turn continuously in the same direction.

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(Total 6 marks)

10. The diagram shows the wave fronts of a beam of light as it passes from air into glass.

air

air

glass

glass

(a) When the beam enters the block, it is refracted.

Use a ruler to complete the diagram. Show the wave fronts passing through and out of the glass block.

(3)


(b) The diagram shows light rays from a diver’s waterproof torch hitting the surface of a lake.

air

water

waterproof torch

Explain why some of the rays do not leave the surface.

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(Total 5 marks)

11. This electric kettle contains a 2.5 kW heating element.

(a) The mains supply is 230 V. Calculate the current in the element.

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(b) The water in the kettle took 5 minutes to boil.

How much charge passed through the element during this time?

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(Total 6 marks)

12. (a) Explain why high voltages are used to transmit electrical power from the power station to the consumer.

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(b) The diagram shows a transformer used to reduce high voltages to 230 V for domestic use.

11 500 V input

primarycoil2500 turns

iron core

230 V output

secondarycoil N turns

Calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil.

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(Total 4 marks)


13. Paul and Kate are climbers.

(a) Kate weighs 550 N and Paul weighs 750 N. They climb a rock face to a height of 45 m.

45 m

Not toscale

(i) In the diagram, Paul has more gravitational potential energy than Kate. Explain why.

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(ii) Give the equation needed to calculate how much work Kate will do in climbing the rock face.

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(iii) Calculate how much work she does in climbing 45 m. State the unit in your answer.

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(iv) Paul accidentally dislodged a small rock.

The rock took 3 s to fall to the ground. The acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2. How fast was the rock travelling when it hit the ground?

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(v) Complete the sentences.

While the rock was falling, gravitational potential energy was converted to

…………………………. energy. (1)

(b) Mountaineers who climb in high places often use cylinders of oxygen. A cylinder contained 0.25 m3 of oxygen at 150 kPa pressure. The pressure of the atmosphere is 100 kPa.

Calculate the volume of oxygen when it is all released from the cylinder into the atmosphere.

P1V1 = P2V2

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.............................................................................................................................. m3 (2)

(Total 10 marks)


14. (a) Four sound waves were displayed on an oscilloscope screen.

The same oscilloscope settings were used each time.

A B

C D

(i) Which sound was the loudest? ……………………..

Give a reason for your choice.

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(ii) Describe how sound waves are transmitted through air.

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(b) Sound with a frequency greater than 20 000 Hz is known as ultrasound. State two different medical uses of ultrasound.

1. .............................................................................................................................

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2. .............................................................................................................................

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(c) Sound travels at 340 m/s in air.

Calculate the wavelength of ultrasound with a frequency of 20 000 Hz.

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(Total 8 marks)

15. (a) When waves pass through a narrow gap or pass the edge of a barrier they are diffracted. The diagram shows radio waves approaching a mountain.

mountain

wavedirection

Complete the diagram by drawing the waves after they pass the mountain. (2)

(b) Concave dish aerials are used to transmit parallel radio waves.

wave source

dish aerial

reflector

The diagram shows how a dish produces a beam of radio waves, which are aimed at a receiver dish. Concave dish aerials are designed to minimise the effects of diffraction.


Explain why it is important to minimise the effects of diffraction.

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(Total 3 marks)

16. The diagram shows a coil of wire wrapped around an iron rod.

iron rod

wire

The mains voltage is 230 V. The power rating of the lawnmower is 1265 watts. Calculate the current in the circuit.

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17. (a) Electricity is transmitted by the national grid using a combination of overhead and underground cables. Explain ONE advantage of each method of transmission.

Overhead transmission

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Underground transmission

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(b) Most of the electricity in the United Kingdom is generated from non-renewable sources.

Some electricity is generated from moving water. Wind turbines also contribute to the electricity supply.

Explain why these renewable sources can not provide all of the electricity needed in the United Kingdom.

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(Total 6 marks).

18. (a) An aircraft in flight becomes charged. The aircraft tyres are made of rubber that conducts electricity. Suggest what happens to the charge on the aircraft when it lands.

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(b) The charge on an aircraft is 2.0 × 10–4 C.

It passes through the tyres in 0.5 s. Calculate the current in the tyres when the charge is passing through them.

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(Total 5 marks)

19. Some optical fibres use total internal reflection.

(a) The diagram shows how light passes through an optical fibre.

What is the condition necessary for light to be totally internally reflected at the inner faces of the fibre?

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(b) Compare the transmission of light in an optical fibre with the transmission of light in a vacuum.

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(c) Optical fibres are used to transmit information.

Digital signals are used in preference to analogue signals. Describe the difference between a digital signal and an analogue signal. You may use a diagram to help to make your answer clear.

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.....................................................................................................................………… (2)

(d) To transmit information, infra-red waves with a frequency of 3.85 × 1014 Hz are used. The speed of the waves along the fibre is 2.20 × 108 m/s.

Calculate the wavelength of the waves in the fibre.

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(Total 8 marks)

� (20. (a) A man becomes positively charged by walking across a nylon carpet.

+

++

+

+

+

+

+

+

Carpet


When he touches an earthed light switch, he feels a shock as he loses excess charge.

Explain how he loses the excess charge.

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(b) Benjamin Franklin flew a kite in a thunderstorm. He tied a metal key to the bottom of the kite string. A spark passed from the key to the ground.

He thought that electricity was a fluid that could pass through objects. Since then we have discovered that atoms contain charged particles.

How would we now explain the flow of electricity through the wet kite string and the metal key?

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(Total 5 marks)


21. National television and radio programmes are transmitted from the Telecom tower in London.

The signals are carried by microwaves that have a wavelength of 2.5 cm. They are transmitted from a dish aerial of diameter 1.20 m. Waves can be diffracted as they leave a dish aerial in the same way as they are diffracted when they pass through a gap.

(a) Explain why the waves do not spread out as they leave the dish.

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................................................................................................................................ (2)

(b) Why is it desirable that the waves do not spread out?

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(Total 4 marks)

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Year 11 GCSE PHYSICS REVISION QUESTIONS PAPER 2 … · Year 11 GCSE PHYSICS REVISION QUESTIONS ... when light meets a glass-air boundary at different angles of incidence. ... 0.25