YEAR 08 REISIO PAC - East London Science SchoolPage 4 of 26 YEAR 08 REISIO PAC Haf-e 4 2019 /YEAR08/2018-19/HT4 TURN THE PAGE CHEMISTRY: PRINCIPALS OF QUANTITATIVE CHEMISTRY Section

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YEAR 08 REVISION PACK2018-19 Half-term 4

Contents• Art • Biology• Chemistry• Classics• English

• French• Geography• German• History• Maths

• Music• Physics• Religion

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YEAR 08 REVISION PACK Half-term 4 2019

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ART: PRACTICALGuidance notes: Landscape art

This half term, you will have a practical assessment working towards creating a landscape painting. For your practical assessment you will show knowledge and practical skill in the following areas:Photography: What makes a good landscape photograph?Impressionism: Key artists, technique and subjects of movementAtmospheric PerspectiveA strong focus on formal elements: tone, composition and colourObservational DrawingMixed media landscape art

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BIOLOGYVOCABULARY Neuron, axon, soma, axon terminal , dendrite , myelin sheath, efferent, afferent , motor neuron, sensory neuron ,vision, audition, olfaction, balance , proprioception, gustation, lobes , cerebrum, cerebellum, cortex, hypothalamus , spinal cord, medulla oblongata, 1. Label the parts of a nerve cell

2. What is the function of the myelin sheath?3. Where does the signal travel ( from to) in a) Motor neuron b) Sensory neuron 4. What is a brain lobe- give examples5. Where in the brain is the visual centre?6. What would happen to a person with damages to the frontal lobe ( use the anatomy hand out for help)7. What are the stimuli for the main senses? You need to give at least 5 examples 8. Why do we automatically remove our hand if we place it on a hot stove?9. Explain the path of a reflex arch10. What is a neurotransmitter?11. Explain the process where the nerve signal is converted from an electrical impulse to a chemical signal and back to an electrical impulse 12. What happens when drugs and medicines interfere with neurotransmitters?13. How are memories formed?14. Give examples of neurodegenerative disorders 15. What is the difference between white and grey matter?

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CHEMISTRY: PRINCIPALS OF QUANTITATIVE CHEMISTRYSection 1: Writing chemical equations

Draw a diagram of an atom, an element and a compound (ionic and molecule).Define coefficient and subscript and know what each one of them represents.Name simple ionic compounds (with two and three elements).Recall the two ways of representing chemical reactions (word and symbol equation).

Section 2: Conservation of mass

Recall the law of conservation of mass.Calculate amounts of reactants and products using the law of conservation of mass.Describe the practical investigation of the reaction of lead nitrate with potassium iodide and name reactants and products.

Section 3: Balancing chemical equations

Recall the traditional method for balancing equations.Count the number of atoms in a chemical formula.Balance chemical equations according to the law of conservation of mass.

Section 4: Relative atomic mass and relative formula mass

Describe the structure of an atom and its subatomic particles. State the mass of a proton, an electron and a neutron.Draw different atoms and label the different parts of the atom (you need to be able to use the Periodic Table and count PENs).Define the terms relative atomic mass (Ar) and relative formula mass (Mr).Find the relative atomic mass of an element using the Periodic Table (always the bigger number) Calculate the relative formula mass of a substance using the relative atomic masses of its components. [example: Mr of H2O = (Ar H2 *2) + Ar O = (1*2) + 16 = 18 amu ]

Section 5: The mole concept

Recall Avogadro’s constant; 6.022 *1023 Define the term mole and write its abbreviation (mol).Know the difference between a mole and a molecule. Know how to use the relationship 1 mole ↔ 6.02 × 1023 formula units to calculate the following:Calculate number of moles of a substance if given specific number of formula units. (example: 6.022 × 1023 molecules of oxygen = 1 mole of O2, 18.066 * 1023 atoms of hydrogen = 18.066

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* 1023 ÷ 6.02 × 1023 = 3 mol of H )Calculate number of formula units of a substance if given specific number of moles. (example: 1 mol of water = 6.022 *1023 molecules of H2O, 3mol of iron = 3 * 6.022 *1023 = 18.066 *1023 atoms of Fe )

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CLASSICSVocabulary – learn all the words on your weekly vocab tests sheet.

Section 1: hic, haec, hoc – the Latin word for this/these

sing plural

masc fem neut masc fem neut

nom hic haec hoc hi hae haec

acc hunc hanc hoc hos has haec

gen huius huius huius horum harum horum

dat huic huic huic his his his

abl hoc hac hoc his his his

Section 2: ille, illa, illud – the Latin word for that/those

sing plural


nom ille illa illud illi illae illa

acc illum illam illud illos illas illa

gen illius illius illius illorum illarum illorum

dat illi illi illi illis illis illis

abl illo illa illo illis illis illis

Section 3: Relative pronouns – who, which, what

A relative pronoun introduces a clause in a sentence which gives you extra information about someone or something in that sentence. For example:The book, which I am reading, is very good.

sing plural


NOM qui quae quod qui quae quae

ACC quem quam quod quos quas quae

GEN cuius cuius cuius quorum quarum quorum

DAT cui cui cui quibus quibus quibus

ABL quo qua quo quibus quibus quibus

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Topic 4: Common Irregular Verbs

duco, ducere, duxi – I leadinterficio, interficere. interfeci – I kill advenio, advenire, adveni – I arriverapio, rapere, rapui – I seizemitto, mittere, misi – I sendvolo, velle, volui – I wanteffugio, effugere, effugi – I escapediscedo, discedere, discessi – I leavedo, dare, dedi – I givevenio, venire, veni – I camevideo, videre, vidi – I sawvinco, vincere, vici – I conqueredscribo, scribere, scripsi – I wroteiubeo, iubere, iussi – I orderedmitto, mittere, misi – I sentcapio, capire, cepi – I tookcado, cadere, cecidi – I felldico, dicere, dixi – I saidreddo, redire, redii – I returned

Topic 5: The Aeneid

Learn the information about the Aeneid that was covered in your literature lesson.

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ENGLISH: ANIMAL FARMSatire is a literary attack through ridicule, irony, and parody, in verse or prose, and intended to arouse amused contempt for its target.A fable is a story illustrating a moral principle usually made explicit at the close by the narrator or one of the characters. In most fables, the protagonists are talking birds and animals whose words reflect aspects of human behaviour.An allegory is a story that can be read on two levels: as a surface narrative that may or may not be realistic and at a deeper level that is often didactic and moralistic, and sometimes satirical.

The Language of Power

Language as Power‘Animal Farm’ shows how the minority in power uses vague language, propaganda, and misinformation to control the thoughts and beliefs of the majority in the lower classes

The Seven Commandments

1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.3. No animal shall wear clothes.4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.5. No animal shall drink alcohol.6. No animal shall kill any other animal.7. All animals are equal.

By Chapter 10 the 7th Commandment has changed to:“All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.”‘FOUR LEGS GOOD, TWO LEGS BAD.’ “Comrades!” he cried. “You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples.” (Squealer)“Comrades, do you know who is responsible for this? Do you know the enemy who has come in the night and overthrown our windmill? SNOWBALL!” (Napoleon)‘The others said of Squealer that he could turn black into white.’

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Orwell’s Life

1903: Born in colonial India as Eric Arthur Blair. Studied at Eton, before joining the Indian Police in Burma.1920s: Politically an anarchist – then turned to Socialism1933: published 1st book, Down and Out In Paris and London 1936-7: Fought against Franco’s fascists in the Spanish Civil War, became hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism.1937: The Road to Wigan Pier, an account of unemployed miners in the north of England. 1943: Completed Animal Farm. but no publisher until 1945 because of its criticism of the USSR, a key British WW2 ally. 1949: published 1984, a dystopian political satire, 1950: Died, aged 46, from tuberculosis.

The Soviet Context (USSR)

1917: The October Revolution is led by the Bolshevik Party and Vladimir Lenin who seize power. A year later Tsar Nicholas II and his family, the Romanovs, are executed.1917-22: Civil war. The Bolsheviks, led by Leon Trotsky, win but 1.5 million combatants and 8 million civilians died.1924-28: Lenin’s death causes a leadership battle between Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Stalin wins; Trotsky is deported.1929: Stalin announced compulsory collectivisation. Peasants respond by burning crops and killing their animals.1929: Stalin uses propaganda to become a dictator. The Soviet press present Stalin as an all-powerful leader. But famine is widespread.1936-38: The Moscow Trials were part of Stalin’s Great Purge (or Great Terror) where he invented conspiracies against him in order to rid him of any potential opponents to his mismanagement of the economy.1939: Soviet Union signs a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany.1941: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union and breaks the pact forcing USSR into an alliance with the United States.

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FRENCH: HOBBIESRefer yourself to the booklet in your book for vocabulary.

Section 1: Talking about leisure activities

Using jouer à (to play) and jouer de (to play).When you are talking playing a sport or a game, use jouer à. Remember: à + le = au, à + les = auxI play football. Je joue au foot.I play petanque. Je joue à la pétanque.I play cards. Je joue aux cartes.When talking about playing a musical instrument, use jouer de. Remember: de + le = du, de + les = desI play piano. Je joue du piano.I play guitare. Je joue de la guitare.I play harmonica. Je joue de l’harmonica.

Section 2: Talking about leisure activities

Using aimer (to love / to like), adorer (to love / to like), préférer (to prefer) and détester (to hate).You use aimer, adorer, préférer and détester followed by a noun to say what you like or don’t like.I love footbal J’aime le foot.I like the guitar. J’adore la guitar.I prefer reading. Je préfère la lecture.I don’t like photography. Je n’aime pas la photography.I hate music. Je déteste la musique.You use them followed by the infinitive of another verb to say what you like or don’t like doing.I love playing football. J’aime jouer au foot.I like playing guiar. J’adore jouer de la guitare.I prefer reading. Je préfère lire.I don’t like taking photos. Je n’aime pas prendre des photos.I hate listening to music. Je déteste écouter de la musique.

Section 3: Discussing films and going to the cinema

Using the modal verb VOULOIR (to want to).Vouloir is an irregular verb:I want = je veux

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You want = tu veuxHe want = il veut She wants = elle veut We want = on veutWe want = nous voulonsYou want (pl) = vous voulezThey want = ils veulent They want (f) = elles veulent

Section 4: Discussing films and going to the cinema.

Asking questionsTo make a question using a question word, put the question word at the end and your voice go up.How much is it? C’est combien?At what time does the film start? Le film commence à quelle heure?Qu’est-ce que… ? means ‘What… ?’ You put it at the beginning of the question.What do you want to see? Qu’est-ce que tu veux voir?

Section 5: Talking about sport.

The verb FAIRE (to do)Using DEPUIS + present tense.FAIRE is a key irregular verb:I do = Je faisYou do = tu faisHe does = il fait She does = elle fait We do = on faitWe do = nous faisonsYou (pl) do = vous faitesThey do = ils font They do (f) = elles fontThe word depuis is used with the present tense to say how long something has been happening.I have been going horse-riding for six weeks. Je fais de l’équitation depuis six semaines.

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GEOGRAPHY: INDUSTRYSection 1: Classification of employment and industry

PrimarySecondaryTertiaryQuaternary

Section 2: Changes in industry and time and limits to development

Pre-industrial IndustrialPost-industrial

Section 3: Industrial location in the UK

Theories of industrial location for primary/secondary/tertiary/quaternaryFor example: raw materials, labour, site, energy, transportChanging industries and locations in the UK

Section 4: Impact of deindustrialisation in the UK

Examples: East London, South WalesStrategies to promote foot loose industriesRegeneration

Section 5: Trans national corporations

Globalisation of industryExamples of TNCs Case studies of TNCReasons for locationImpact in countriesCosts and benefits

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GERMANSection 1: Rooms of the house

What is the German for: Room (what gender is this?)BedroomLiving roomDining roomKitchenHallwayStairwayBathroomToiletStudyGardenCellar

Section 2: Daily routine

How do you say these time expressions in German? On a school dayAt the weekendDailyDuring the weekIn the afternoonIn the eveningFirst of allThenAlwaysNever For hours How do you say in German?Wake upGet upGet dressedLeave the houseEat

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Section 3: Types of houses

Name the types of houses (detached, semi-detached, terrace house, bungalow)List the advantages and disadvantages of each type of house.

Section 4: Healthy living

Make sure you can talk about which sports or fitness activities you like and don’t like, and why (two for each, four in total)Name three other kinds of sport or fitness activity.Name three activities that are not healthy if you do too much of them.

Section 5: Technology

What is the German for the following technology items:Mobile phoneComputerA text messageAn emailSocial mediaWhat is the German for the following useful verbs/phrases:To textTo chatTo telephoneTo surf (the internet)To useTo downloadTo listen to music

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HISTORYWWII- Europe

Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September 1939 marked the beginning of open hostilities within Europe. Norway, the low countries and France had fallen by May 1940, though the successful evacuation of Dunkirk left allied forces to fight another day. Hitler turned his attentions to an invasion of Britain, a feat which would require control of the skies. However, The Battle of Britain, July 1940, saw the well trained and equipped RAF, stun the Luftwaffe. Frustrated with his failure in the west, Hitler turned east, invading the Soviet Union in June 1941. Significant initial gains proved insubstantial as the Russian winter set in and the Soviet’s began, slowly, to force the Germans back, a war on two fronts had already begun to drain the Germans and Hitler’s declaration of war on the US, December 1941, in support of his Japanese ally, ensured sufficient military support for an allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944. Now facing the US, Britain and France to the west and the Soviet Union to the east, Hitler could fight only a year longer, before Germany was defeated in May 1945. Churchill led the British from 1940 onward, marshalling the nation’s resolve to fight on with rousing rhetoric, immense personal dedication and a flat refusal to accept any peaceful compromise with Hitler.

WWII- North Africa, Enigma and D-Day

In 1941 Alan Turing and his creation of the Bombe machine cracked the German Enigma code which was used in all German military and naval communications. This enabled the Allies to monitor German communications and made riskier future attacks possible. In 1942, hoping to capture North Africa, Italian dictator Mussolini (Il Duce) had invaded the British territory of Egypt. However, British general Montgomery and his ‘desert rats’ repelled the Italians and reinforcements at El Alamein, led by the German general Rommel, allowing the Allies to invade Italy. Such victories paved the way for “D-Day”. On 6 June 1944 the Allied forces landed on the beaches of Normandy as part of Operation Overlord. It was the largest seaborne invasion in history and the first step towards the liberation of Western Europe and the defeat of Nazi Germany.

WWII- The Pacific

The Japanese, members of the Axis, had been aggressively pursing imperial gains in East Asia since invading China in 1937. Both the US and Japan had long suspected that their respective ambitions for Pacific hegemony would breed a direct conflict. Though economically and militarily developed, Japan had virtually no industrial resources, such as oil, and a US oil embargo proved an existential threat to Japan, and, as such, another source of tension. The Japanese could not invade the US, rather they planned to temporarily disable US naval forces. Whilst the US rebuilt, Japan could import natural resources and consolidate its territorial gains. On the 7th December 1941, Yamamato executed a surprise attack on the US naval base in Hawaii; Pearl Harbour, killing around 3,000 Americans and damaging hundreds of US ships. Hitler followed his Japanese allies into a declaration of war on the US, and the US responded, committing their military to the Allied campaigns in Europe and North Africa as well as defeating the Japanese Empire in the east, achieving their surrender in September 1945, through the first use of atomic weapons.

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WWII- The Holocaust

Anti-Semitism had long been an ugly feature of European culture. However, throughout the 1930’s Hitler and other leading Nazis had worked to normalise vitriolic hate speech directed at Jewish peoples, blaming them for wider social issues, such as poverty and the outbreak of WWI. Spontaneous displays of violence against increasingly segregated Jewish communities, such as ‘Kristallnacht’, transmuted into deliberate government provisions to accelerate the destruction of the Jewish race. The invasions of Poland and Russia saw the introduction of Einsatzgruppen, death squads dedicated to the murder of Jewish civilians in these territories. In 1942 Heydrich convened leading Nazi’s in Wannsee, Berlin, where ‘The Final Solution’ was agreed upon. This was to be the extermination of the Jewish peoples of Europe, actively pursued using the resources of the German state. Jews would be rounded up and deported to concentration camps to be either gassed or worked, to death. Around six million Jews were killed between 1941-45, many at the notorious Auschwitz.

The Cold War- Berlin Blockade and Wall

Germany and Berlin were both partitioned at the 1945 Yalta Conference and consequently divided into four zones. Berlin’s location 100 miles within the Soviet controlled territory of Germany would create tensions throughout the following years. American president Harry S. Truman hoping to counter Soviet expansion enacted the Truman Doctrine which gave financial aid only to capitalist European countries. This combined with the formation of NATO, the consolidation of the French, British and American zones into the unified Western Germany and the introduction of the Deutschemark threatened the USSR’s hold on Eastern Germany. From the 24th of June 1948 – 12th of May 1949 Stalin stopped all road and rail traffic into the capitalist West Berlin. America and Britain responded by delivering millions of tonnes of supplies by air. Humiliated, Stalin lifted the blockade. However, tensions between the East and West failed to subside. In 1961 Khrushchev built the Berlin Wall around West Berlin to prevent refugees from fleeing the USSR. It remained there until 1989.

Exam Preparation

Answer the following questions using the information on this sheet. Each is a four mark question which demands explanation and at least a paragraph of writing. 1. Explain Churchill’s influence on the Battle of Britian. (4)2. Explain the Enigma Code’s significance on the outcome of WWII . (4)3. Explain why America entered WWII. (4)4. Explain why Jewish people were targeted during the Holocaust. (4)5. Explain why Stalin blocked all road and rail traffic into East Berlin in 1948. (4)

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MATHSWhen revising use notes in your exercise book

Arc lengths. Areas of sectors.Arcs lengths and sector problems.Factorising (single brackets).Factorising quadratics.Solving quadratics by factorising.Representing inequalities on a number line.Interpreting inequalities.Solving inequalities.Set notation.Venn diagrams.Venn diagram probability. Probability-listing outcomes. Sample space diagrams. Discrete and continuous data in frequency tables. Frequency charts. Bar charts. Frequency polygons. Finding the mean from a frequency table. Estimating the mean from a frequency table.

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MUSIC: PRACTICALThe areas of knowledge for this half term have been broken down into sub-sections based on what you are required to do with this knowledge.

Section 1: Notation

You will need to recall: The name of the thing that music is written The notes of the bass clef, along with the rhymes taught to help you remember The first leger-lined note below the bottom line

Section 2: Duration

You will need to recall: The names of the basic rhythmic notes taught The note values (i.e. number of beats) of the basic rhythmic notes taught What dots represent when placed after a note Be able to calculate the answers to simple musical rhythmic sums (using both dotted and undotted notes)

Section 3: Intervals

You will need to recall: The differences between semitones, tones and a tone-and-a-half The ability to apply these to a minor scale

Section 4: Piano notes

You will need to recall: The best method for you to identify a starting point when working out the layout of the piano notes The correct direction you work through the alphabet when ascending or descending the piano The two different names for each black note of the piano

Section 5: Orchestral musical instruments

You will need to recall: The names of the different orchestral musical instruments belonging to each orchestral family The names of the different orchestral musical instruments from looking at their pictures The names of the different orchestral musical instruments from reading their descriptions The correct spellings of all these orchestral musical instruments

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PHYSICS: MAGNETISMSection 1: Magnetic Field

Magnetic field – area around a magnet where a magnetic material feels a force.The two poles of a magnet are the north and south. Like poles repel e.g. a north pole will repel a north pole. Opposite poles attract e.g. a north pole and a south pole will attract. Repel – push awayAttract – come togetherYou can draw a magnetic field using a plotting compass, the compass needle will point in the direction of the magnetic field. The magnetic field pattern takes the shape below and is always from north to south:

Section 2: Induced and permanent magnets

Permanent magnet – material that is always a magnet with north and south poles.Induced magnet – object that becomes magnetic by being placed in a magnetic field. What’s the difference between induced and permanent magnets?Induced magnets only produce force of attraction, permanent magnets can attract.Induced magnets lose magnetism once removed from field, permanent magnets always have magnetic field.

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Which materials are magnetic?

Iron, nickel and cobalt can be magnetised (must know all three) Alloys of above metals can also be magnetised (e.g. steel) Alloys – mixture of more than one metal.How do I test if a magnet is a permanent magnet?Take a permanent magnet and hold both poles of it near the object you are testing. If the object you are testing is attracted to both poles, the object is not a permanent magnet. If the object is repelled by one pole, object is also a permanent magnet.

Section 3: Electromagnets

Electromagnet - A magnet made by wrapping a coil of wire around an iron bar and passing an electric current through the coil.The strength of an electromagnet is increased by increasing the current in the coil, the number of coils and using an iron core.

Lesson 4: Uses of electromagnets

Electromagnets are used in:Scrap yards – electromagnets are pick up big pieces of scrap metal and move them around.Trains – electromagnets make the train levitate above the track to reduce friction and make the train faster.Relay switch – electromagnets are used to turn on switches that might be too dangerous to use directly, for examples in X-rays and car ignitions.

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What are the advantages of electromagnets?Electromagnets can be switched on and off (useful in scrap yards)The strength of an electromagnet can be controlled.

Section 5: Geomagnetism

Geomagnetic field – the Earth’s magnetic field. Currents in the outer core of the Earth cause a magnetic field around the Earth.How does the Earth’s magnetic field protect us?The Earth’s magnetic field deflects (moves away) cosmic rays and solar winds from the sun that would otherwise be harmful to the Earth.

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RELIGION: ASSESSING HINDUISMHow to revise

Read through your class work, prep notes and knowledge grid to make sure you have a good understanding of each of the areas of knowledge. If you do not, then revise that area of knowledge. Firstly, make sure you have completed all previous prep on that area of knowledge. Then start doing something active to help yourself remember the key facts. For example, change notes from one format into a different format: bullet points into a diagram or extended answers into bullet point

Areas to revise

Section 1: Assessing Puja

What is Puja? Does Puja create excessive waste? Does Puja exploit the poor?

Section 2: The caste system

The roles of the four castes and the untouchables; Historic discrimination; Religious opposition to the caste system

3: Hinduism and suffering

How does Hindu belief in Gods help and hinder the response to natural disaster? Karma and samsara as a response to suffering

Section 4: Hinduism and sexism

Suttee/sati; Role and status of Goddesses; Whether Hinduism can be separated from Indian culture

Section 5: Hinduism as a culture

Monotheistic interpretations of Hinduism; Understanding Hinduism as a culture; Understanding Hinduism as a religion Teachings on polygamy

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Key terms

Puja: a form of worship through gift-giving Murtis: a statue or image of the GodsMantra: a chant or repeated phrase/prayerYantra: a diagram of the universeCaste: a social group which is determined by birth.Brahmin: the highest caste which is seen as spiritually the purest.Kshatryia: the second highest caste which is involved government and warfare.Vaishya: the caste involved in money-making through trade and owning property/land.Sudra: the caste who work as labourers.Untouchable: a social group below the caste system and do the dirtiest jobs.Ashramas: the four life-stages a Hindu should follow in order to live a good life.Sati/suttee: the practice of widows committing suicide on the funeral pyres of their husbands.Funeral pyre: a bonfire on which a dead body is cremated.Purdha: a method of keeping upper caste women out of sight.Feminism: the belief that men and women should be treated equallyDevi: female GodThe divine: relating to or connected to God/GodsPolytheism: the belief in the existence of multiple Gods.Monotheism: the belief in the existence of just one God.The Vedas: a collection of four books which is the central Holy Text for Hindus.Samsara: The endless cycle of birth, life, death and re-birth. Elites: people at the top of society.Culture: the loosely shared ideas and customs of a group of people.

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YEAR 08 REISIO PAC - East London Science SchoolPage 4 of 26 YEAR 08 REISIO PAC Haf-e 4 2019 /YEAR08/2018-19/HT4 TURN THE PAGE CHEMISTRY: PRINCIPALS OF QUANTITATIVE CHEMISTRY Section