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Table of Contents

Preface ...................................................................................................... vii

Introduction .............................................................................................. xiii

Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................... 1

Annex A .................................................................................................... 383

Annex B .................................................................................................... 387

Preface

Abbreviations are the important part of any scientific language of modernlife. In recent decades, all branches of science have been widely expandedand many words and terms have been utilized to express their concept.Many of them are compound phrases and high-frequency terms, and if weuse them as they are, our speech and writing becomes very lengthy andboring. That is why people prefer the short forms (abbreviations) forfrequently used compound phrases.

The main objective of technical abbreviations is to save time anddecrease speech and writing to facilitate engineers’ communication.The other intention is the explicitness, fluency, and beauty of our speechand writing. Any method, which can help us to achieve these goals, isacceptable. Abbreviations contribute to faster writing, reading, speaking,and better understanding of technical and scientific articles, reports, andlectures. They can save time and money by reducing the time and cost ofwriting, typing, editing, and composition resetting costs. They also reducethe space required for texts, tables, and diagrams. Therefore, they are verygood tools to enhance any live and dynamic language.

The words of the English and other European languages comprise a fewspecial characters implying distinct technical meanings, such as l forwavelength or 4 for phase. In these languages, abbreviations play asimilar role, but each of them implies the meaning of a “phrase” insteadof a “word.” Thus, they can be considered as the elements of that languageand are treated like the original words. Sometimes, the short form of aphrase is more common than that of its original form because they are veryproper and effective tools for communication. In most languages,especially in English, coining abbreviations is a common practice andmost of the high-frequency compound terms are used in short forms.For this reason, the abbreviations of a language are considered as “alanguage within that language”, and from the socio-linguistic point

of view, they are comparable with a “dialect.” Therefore, utilization ofabbreviations is inevitable and it is a wise decision to take action for theirstandardization.

Without standard rules and principles, there will be many debatesand discussions about writing style, when engineers are writingtheir manuscripts. To avoid these debates, it is recommended thatwriting principles and rules are formulated and standardized. With thisin mind, I have followed the principles and rules adopted by JohnMarkus, the composer of “Electronics Dictionary” as described in thefourth edition and recommend them to be standardized for internationalapplication.

This book is entitled as “Comprehensive Glossary of TelecomAbbreviations”, but since each branch of science listed below aresomehow interrelated and intermingled with telecommunications engin-eering, I have also included the abbreviations of those branches. Theabbreviations listed in this work have been compiled over years fromintensive study of various resources. A glossary of abbreviations is agrowing work and will never be perfect and fully comprehensive.Despite this, I have tried all my best to include a collection of over16,200 entries from almost all the fields of telecommunications, satellitecommunications, electronics, computer, Internet, broadcasting, fiberoptics, information technology (IT), ICT, live Internet chat, e-learning,e-commerce, remote sensing, cellular networks, avionics, Ham radio,radar, and military communications terms to satisfy the needs ofengineers, technical writers, technicians, and university students.

Particular attention is paid to the abbreviations used in ITU, IMO,Intelsat, Inmarsat, and APSCC documents. Telecommunication magazinesare not forgotten and many titles and volumes have been searched. Youmay also find many abbreviations used in contracts and financialdocuments. The most famous telecom companies and operators areincluded. A larger number of abbreviations made and used by thespecialized institutions and standard organizations such as IEEE, ETSI,IETF, and ISO are also included. New technologies and systems such asISDN, ATM, TMN, SONET, SDH, DECT, and Bluetooth are of specialimportance in this glossary.

All entries are listed in alphabetical order. Where two or more entriesdiffer only in capitalization or punctuation, the forms comprised ofuppercased (capital) letters will follow the lowercased forms, andthose having dots, slashes, or spaces precede the capital forms. Entriescommencing with numbers are collected before all others. Where morethan one phrase stand for a given abbreviation, both or all phrases arementioned and marked by numbers. Entries of Greek symbols or lettersare also alphabetized as if they were spelt out. Following the phrases,the relevant field of each entry has also been shown in parentheses or

viii &

brackets to clarify or limit the usage field. If an entry does not fall into aspecific category, the name of the company which coined that abbrevi-ation is mentioned in parentheses.

Ali Akbar Arabi

& ix

Acknowledgments

My sincere gratitude goes to dear friends Abbas Pourkhesalian andPeyman Rezaee for their constructive help and valuable consultations.They contributed so much to solve and cope with the problems, whichI faced while compiling this glossary.

Introduction

STRUCTURE OF ABBREVIATIONSAbbreviation, in its simplest definition, is a shortened form of a word orphrase used mostly in writing to imply and represent the complete form ofthat word or phrase. There are many ways to build abbreviations for wordsor phrases which fall into eight main categories as follows.

1. Acronyms: The pronounceable abbreviations coined from the com-bination of the first letters of each successive words of a compound term orphrase, as in radar, laser,maser, and sonar. The most common acronymsare normally written in lowercase letters and pronounced in the same wayas the ordinary words. They may be either initially capitalized or set in allcapitals in titles and headings.2. Initials: A category of abbreviations in which the first letters of a seriesof words are selected and spelt out letter by letter but are not separated bydots, as in ISDN, CDMA, and DWDM.3. Blendings: Another category of abbreviations in which the firstsyllables of two or three words are combined and pronounced as anordinary word, such as codec for coder–decoder, modem for modu-lator–demodulator, and Inmarsat for International maritime satelliteOrganization. Other forms of blendings are made of the first syllable ofthe first word and the last syllable of the second word, such as netiquette,which stands for network-etiquette and webinar standing forWeb-basedseminar.4. Clippings: A category of abbreviations in which some of the letters orsounds of a word are omitted and the key letters are combined, e.g., Bldgfor building and MUX for multiplexer.5. Truncations: A category of abbreviations in which a word is simplyshortened by cutting off the first or last syllable, such as phone fortelephone, amp for amplifier, and Fig for figure. For building such shortforms, it is recommended to select at least three letters of the word.

6. Contractions: A category of abbreviations in which the first and lastletters of a word is selected, such as Mr for Mister and Dr for Doctor.7. Symbols: Single letters generally used to represent an element, aquality, a physical or numerical quantity, often appended with subscriptsor superscripts to qualify their meaning, such as C for Capacitor and R forResistor. Symbols may not be related to the words that they represent.Examples are C for speed of light in a vacuum, G for electrical conductance,H for magnetic field strength, and L for inductance or an inductor.8. Signs: A category of abbreviations which are printed or written figures(mostly Greek letters) each one conventionally stands for a word, phrase, ormathematical operation, e.g., U for ohm, F for phase, m for micro, l forwavelength, and 8 for degree.

RULES FOLLOWED IN THIS GLOSSARY(Courtesy of John Markus and McGrawHill)Part A: Rules for abbreviations1. All the abbreviations formed from first letters of key words in a phraseare uppercased (capital) letters, except the units of measures which conformto the French SI units of measure adopted by the American NationalStandards Institute. There is another exception for the soundalike words,such as laser, maser, and radar, which are lowercased.2. Abbreviations of phrases are generally pronounced letter by letter, butthis is not a requirement for capitalizing. Thus, FET can be pronouncedeither letter by letter or as a word. Long abbreviations such as JFET andMOSFET are usually pronounced partially or entirely as words.3. A Hyphen (-) is seldom used in abbreviations. When used, it willgenerally have one of the meanings represented by the slash. Thus, inA/D-D/A the hyphen stands for or, but in P-P it stands for -to-.4. A hyphen should be used after an abbreviation when it is combinedwith another word to form a compound adjective, such as “JPEG-formattedpicture.”5. A hyphen should be used before an abbreviation when it is combinedwith another word to form a compound adjective, such as “Broadband-ISDN.”6. For plural forms of capital-letter abbreviations, especially the acronymsand blendings, regardless of whether in text or headings, same as theordinary words, simply add a lowercase “s”, e.g., ICs, VSATs, FETs, RAMs,LEDs, SCRs, MICs, and PCBs. Same rule applies to plurals of numbers,e.g., 0s and 1s.7. Use an apostrophe with the plurals of lowercase letters, as in “program-ming has two m’s.”8. Use an apostrophe for the possessive form of a capital-letter abbre-viation, as in “the SCR’s heat sink.”

xiv &

9. Use a space between a number and its abbreviated unit of measure innoun phrases, such as “5 kU and 100 VAR.”10. Use a numerical exponent to indicate repetition of a letter inabbreviations for logic terms, such as T2L which stands for TTL.11. A slash (/) generally means -to-, such as S/N (signal-to-noise). It willalso have the meaning of per when it is used with letter symbols, such askHz/s which stands for “kilo Hertz per second.”12. Although the names of programming languages are acronyms andtherefore are pronounced as words, it is now a common usage to type orprint them in capital letters, e.g., ALGOL, COBOL, BASIC, and FORTRAN.13. Do not italicize R, L, and C where they represent resistance or resistor,inductance or coil, and capacitance or capacitor, respectively. When R, L,and C are used in combination, run the letters together without hyphens, asin RC coupling and RLC circuit. Italicize these letters only in mathematicalequations where they represent values of resistance, inductance, andcapacitance, respectively, and in expressions like LC product, L /C ratio,and RC constant.

Part B: Rules for SI Units of measure1. When a letter symbol in SI system of units is derived from the name of apioneer in the field, capitalize the letter that represents the first letter of thesurname, such as “mF” which stands for microfarad.2. Standard prefixes are used in lowercase letters as multipliers with the SIletter symbols. Note that only six largest prefixes have capital letters for theirsymbols, e.g.,M formega-, G for giga-, T for tera-, P for peta-, Y for yotta-,and Z for zetta-.3. Letter symbols always represent both singular and plural forms of unitsof measure. Never add a lowercase “s” for plural because it representsseconds in the SI system of units.4. Use an exponent after a length symbol to change it to an area or volumesymbol. (The abbreviations sq for square and cu for cubic are used with SIunits.) Pronunciation is unchanged; thus, in2 is pronounced “square inches”and in3 is pronounced “cubic inches.”5. Use a space between a number and its abbreviated unit of measure innoun phrases.6. Use a hyphen (-) between a number and its abbreviated unit of measurein compound adjectives, such as “a 20-kHz signal.”7. Use a hyphen between two numbers that are the upper and lower limitsof a range. In this case, the meaning of hyphen is “up to and including.”8. Do not use a letter symbol without a numerical value. Spell out units ofmeasure whenever they are used with words that represent approximations.

& xv

The Author

Ali Akbar Arabi is a senior technical engineer with Inmarsat Mobile SatelliteCommunication Systems, handling the affairs of the Inmarsat network plusthe IMSO and APSCC organizations in Iran. He holds degrees in Tele-communications Engineering and Marine Communications Engineering.

He served for five years as “Radio Officer” on board the Iranian Shippinglines, two years in Railway Communications, six years in Inmarsat satellitesnew systems, many years as the Inmarsat network operations coordinator ofIran, and now serves as the senior expert of satellites affairs for the IranianSpace Agency (ISA).

As an author of five books, Mr. Arabi is a well-known name in the Iranianpublisher’s society. In any Iranian public library you may find one of hisbooks. He holds membership in the Iranian Association of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IAEEE), the Iranian branch of IEEE. He is also amember of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature on standard-ization of Persian scientific words. He has cooperated with the Institute ofStandards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI) in compiling the standardsfor Iranian telecom companies. He has invented a “home-based automaticearthquake alarm” and may be contacted at [email protected] .

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Numbers (0–9)

0 The standard number dialed for accessing a local telephonecompany operator

00 The standard number dialed for accessing an internationaltelephone company operator

0RL Zero Relative Level (transmission)0TLP Zero Transmission Level Point (transmission)1!EV-DO 1!Evolution-Data Optimized1.44M The capacity of high-density 3.5-inch floppy disks10/100 An Ethernet supporting 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps at same port10BaseF A 10-Mbps Baseband Ethernet using Fiber-optic cabling (IEEE)10BaseFP A 10-Mbps Fiber-Passive Baseband Ethernet (IEEE)10BaseT A 10-Mbps Baseband LANs using Twisted-pair cabling (IEEE)10GBE 10 Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE)10GEA 10 Gigabit Ethernet Alliance (IEEE)100BaseFX A 100-Mbps Baseband Fast Ethernet using multimode Fiber-

optic cabling (IEEE)100BaseT 100 Mbps, Baseband, Twisted pair (IEEE)100BaseT2 100 Mbps, Baseband, with two Twisted pair (IEEE)14.4 Having maximum data transfer rate of 14.4 kbps (modems)16-QAM 16-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation1BL One Business Line (class of service)1F4 One Four-user party line (class of service)1FB One Flat-rate Business phone line (class of service)1FL One Family phone Line (class of service)

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1

1FR One Flat-rate Residential phone line (class of service)1G First Generation (mobile phones)1MB One Measured-rate Business phone line (class of service)1MR One Measured-rate, Residential phone line (class of service)1NF First Normal Form (computer database)2-FSK Two-level FSK (modulation)2/4-QPSK Two Quadrature PSK (modulation)21CN 21st Century Network23BCD Having 23 Bearer channels and one Data channel (ISDN)24!7 24 Hours of a day, Seven days of a week (technical support)2B1Q Two Binary, One Quaternary (ISDN)2BCD Having two Bearer channel and one Data channel (ISDN)2F Two-Fiber (line or cable)2FR Flat-Rate party line having two subscribers (service code)2G Second Generation (mobile phones)2.5G Second-and-half Generation (mobile phones)286 A simple expression for Intel’s 80286 microprocessor287 A simple expression for Intel’s 80287 microprocessor28.8 Having a maximum transfer rate of 28.8 kbps (modems)2NF Second Normal Form (computer database)2W Two-Wire (line or cable)3C Anoperating systemdevelopedby3ComCompany (networking)386 A simple expression for Intel’s 80386 microprocessor387 A simple expression for Intel’s 80387 microprocessor3B/2T Three Binary bits encoded into two Ternary symbols3D Three-Dimensional3D API 3D Application Programming Interface (computer)3DES Triple Data Encryption Standard3DGF 3D Geometry File3FR Flat-Rate party line having Three subscribers (service code)3G Third Generation (mobile phones)3GL Third Generation Programming Language3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project (GSM)3GPP2 Counterpart of 3GPP responsible for CDMA-2000 (GSM)3GSM Third-Generation GSM3GTS Third-Generation Test System (Agilient Company)486 A simple expression for Intel’s 80486 microprocessor486DX A simple expression for Intel’s 80486DX microprocessor486SL A simple expression for Intel’s 80486SL microprocessor476SX A simple expression for Intel’s 80476SX microprocessor4B/3T 4 Binary bits encoded into 3 Ternary (data encoding)4B/5B 4 Binary bits encoded into 5 Binary bits (data encoding)4-DEPSK 4-phase Differentially-Encoded PSK (modulation)4F Four-Fiber (cable)


2 & Comprehensive Glossary of Telecom Abbreviations and Acronyms

4FR Flat-Rate party line having four subscribers (service code)4FSK Four-level FSK (modulation)4G Fourth-Generation (mobile phones)4GL The Fourth-Generation Programming Language4NF Fourth Normal Form (computer database)4PDT Four-Pole Double-Throw (switches)4PST Four-Pole Single-Throw (switches)4W Four-Wire (line or cable)4WL-WDM Four-Wavelength Wavelength-Division Multiplexing5!5 Five by Five (teletype communication)5!B No. 5 CrossBar Circuit Switch56K Having a maximum data transfer rate of 56 kbps (modems)586 An unofficial name for Intel’s Pentium microprocessor56 kbps 56,000 Bits Per Second5B6B 5 Binary bits encoded into 6 Binary bits (data encoding)5ESS Number 5 Electronic Switching System (AT&T)5NF Fifth Normal Form (computer database)64 kbps 64,000 Bits Per Second64QAM 64-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation6800 An 8-bit microprocessor developed by Motorola73 Best Regards (Morse code transmissions)80286 A 16-bit microprocessor developed by Intel80287 A coprocessor for use with the 80286microprocessors (Intel)80386 See 80386DX80386DX A 32-bit microprocessor developed by Intel80386SL A microprocessor developed by Intel for laptop PCs80386SX A low-cost version of 80386DX microprocessor (Intel)80387 A coprocessor for use with the 80386microprocessors (Intel)80387SX A coprocessor for use with the 80386SXmicroprocessors (Intel)80486 See i486DX80486SL See i486SL80486SX See i486SX8080 One of the first chipsets served as the basis of PCs8086 The original microprocessor in the 80!86 family (Intel)8087 A coprocessor developed by Intel for use with the

8086/8088 and microprocessors (Intel)8088 The original microprocessor of the first IBM PCs88 Love and Kisses (Morse code transmissions)8B/6T 8Binary bits encoded into6Tri-state symbols (data encoding)8B/10B 8 Binary bits encoded into 10 Binary bits (data encoding)8FR Flat-Rate party line having eight subscribers (service code)8PSK Octant Phase Shift Keying (modulation)9600 Having a maximum data transfer rate of 9600 bps (modems)


Numbers (0–9) & 3

#

A a

a Symbol for prefix atto-, denoting one-quintillionth or10K18

A 1. Symbol for Ampere (electronics)2. Symbol for Anode (electronics)3. Symbol for Acceleration4. Symbol for Area

A Symbol for Angstrom (unit of wavelength of light)A2DP Advanced Audio Distribution ProfileA-BPSK Aviation Binary Phase Shift Keying (modulation)A-QPSK Aviation Quadrature Phase Shit Keying (modulation)A-TDMA Advanced TDMA (access)A/D Analog-to-Digital (converters)A/D-D/A Analog-to-Digital or Digital-to-Analog (converters)A/m Ampere per meteraA attoampereAA 1. Accounting Authority (Inmarsat)

2. Automated Attendant3. Auto Answer (modems)4. Access Adapter

AAA 1. Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (LANserver)2. ATM Access Adapter

AAAC All Aluminum Alloy CableAAAI American Association for Artificial Intelligence

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A

5

AAAS American Association for the Advancement of ScienceAABS Automated Attendant Billing SystemAAC 1. Airline Administrative Communications

2. Aeronautical Administrative Communications3. Augmentative and Alternative Communications (ICT)4. Automatic Amplitude Control5. Abbreviated Address Calling6. Advanced Audio Codec7. Access Authorization Certificate (Inmarsat)

AACR All America Cables and Radio, Inc.AACS Attitude and Articulation Control Subsystem

(spacecraft)AAIC 1. Accounting Authority Identification Code (Inmarsat)

2. Active Addressing Integrated CircuitAAL ATM Adaptation LayerAAL-1 ATM Adaptation Layer 1AAL-2 ATM Adaptation Layer 2AAL-3/4 ATM Adaptation Layers 3 and 4AAL-5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5AAN Associated Account Number (wireless)AAP 1. Application Access Point

2. Address Allocation Protocol3. Alternative Access Provider

AAPI Audio Application Programming Interface (computer)AAR Automatic Alternate Routing (network feature)AARP AppleTalk Address Resolution ProtocolAARS Asian Association of Remote SensingAARTS Automatic Audio Remote Test SetAAS 1. Authorized Application Specialist

2. Aeronautical Advisory StationAATS Access Approval Test SystemAATSR Advanced Along-track Scanning Radiometer (remote

sensing)AAV Automated Address VerificationAB 1. Access Burst (GSM)

2. Additional Bits (MUX)3. Asynchronous Balanced mode (OSI model)

ABARIS AdvancedBroadbandArchitecture for Internet ServicesABC 1. Arbitration Bass Controller (electronics)

2. Automatic Bill Calling (payphone)3. Automatic Bias Compensation (circuit)4. Activity-Based Costing (ICT finance)5. Automated Brightness Control (television)6. Australian Broadcasting Corporation(TV broadcaster)



7. Armored Brush Cable8. Automated Business Connection

ABCS Advanced Business Communications via SatelliteABD Average Business DayABDN Attendant Blocking of Directory NumberABEC Alternate Billing Entity CodesABEL Advanced Boolean Equation LanguageABEND 1. Abnormal END (computer)

2. Abortive ENDABF Air-Blown FiberABI Application Binary InterfaceABIOS Advanced BIOS (computer)ABIST Autonomous Built-in Self-TestABM 1. Asynchronous Balanced Mode (LANs)

2. Apogee Booster MotorABME Asynchronous Balanced Mode ExtendedABN abnormal (alarm status)ABR 1. Available Bit Rate (ATM)

2. Area Border Router3. Auto Baud Rate detect (data communications)

abs absolute value (mathematics)ABS 1. Alternate Billing Services (INs)

2. Average Busy Season3. Aeronautical Broadcast Station

ABSBH Average Busy Season Busy HourABT Advanced Broadcast Television

about (Morse code transmissions)ABU Asia-Pacific Broadcasting UnionABUI Association of Banyan Users InternationalABX Advanced Branch ExchangeAC 1. Alternating Current (electronics)

2. Assignment Channel3. Absorption Coefficient (fiber optics)4. Access Control (LANs)5. Access Code6. Acquisition Cycle7. Authentication Center

AC/AC Alternating Current to Alternating Current (power)AC/DC 1. Alternating Current to Direct Current (power)

2. Operating both with AC and DC power lines(equipment)

ACA 1. American Communication Association2. Australian Communications Authority3. Automatic Circuit Assurance (PBX feature)


A a & 7

A

AcademNet Academic Research Network (Russia)ACAR Aluminum Conductor Alloy-ReinforcedACARD 1. Advisory Council for Applied Research and

Development2. Acquisition Card program

ACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and ReportingSystem

ACAT Additional Cooperative Acceptance Testing(test method)

ACATS Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service(standard)

ACB 1. Annoyance Call Bureau2. Architecture Control Board3. ATM Cell Bus4. Automatic Callback

ACC 1. Analog Control Channel (wireless)2. Area Control Center (COMSAR)3. Authorization Control Center4. Adaptive Cruise Control (car radar)5. Automatic Callback Calling6. Arthur C. Clarke Institute for Modern Technologies

ACCS 1. Automatic Calling Card Service2. Associated Common-Channel Signaling

ACCOLC Access Overload ClassACCU Association of C and CCC UsersACCH Associated Control Channel (GSM)ACD 1. Automatic Call Distributor (PBX)

2. Average Call DistanceACE Automatic Cross-connection EquipmentACEC Advisory Committee for Electronics and

CommunicationsACELP Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction

(voice coding)ACeS Asian Cellular SatelliteACF Advanced Communication Function (software)ACF/NCP ACF Network Control Program (software)ACF/VTAM ACF Virtual Terminal Access Method (software)ACFG autoconfiguration (BIOS extensions)ACG Automatic Call GappingACH Attempts per Circuit per Hour (call centers)ACI Adjacent Channel InterferenceACIA Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter

(computer)



ACID Atomic, Consistent, Isolation, Durable (databasetransaction)

ACIF Australian Communications Industry ForumACIR Adjacent Channel Interference Ratio (microwave)ACIS 1. Advanced Cargo Information System

2. Automatic Caller/Customer Identification Service3. Andy, Charles, Ian’s System (computer modeling)

ACITS Advisory Committee on Information TechnologyStandardization

ACK acknowledge (control character)ACL 1. Access Control List (networking)

2. Advanced CMOS Logic (digital electronics)3. Application Connectivity Link (Siemens’ protocol)4. Association for Computational Linguistics

ACLC Adaptive Communication Line ConverterACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (microwave)ACM 1. Association for Computing Machinery

2. Automatic Call Manager3. Address Control Memory4. Address Complete Message (ATM)5. Advanced Communications Function

ACMPA Aperture-Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna(microwave)

ACNA Access Customer Name AbbreviationACO 1. Additional Call Offering (ISDN)

2. Alarm Cut Off (MUX)ACON Administrative Operating Company NumberACONet Academic Computer Network (Australia)ACOST Advisory Council on Science and TechnologyACP 1. Activity Concentration Point

2. Adjacent Channel Power (microwave)3. Association of Computing Professionals4. Azimuth Change Pulse

ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface(computer)

ACPR Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (microwave)ACPW Asymmetric Coplanar Waveguide (microwave)ACR 1. Allowed Cell Rate (ATM)

2. Abandon Call and Retry3. Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio (transmission)

ACRFNET Academic Computing Research Facility NetworkACS 1. Automatic Call Sequencer

2. Advanced Communication System (AT&T)3. ATM Circuit Steering


A a & 9

A

4. Australian Computer SocietyACSB Amplitute Compandored Single SideBandACSE 1. Access Control and Signaling Equipment (Inmarsat)

2. Association Control Service Element (OSI model)ACSL Advanced Continuous Simulation Language

(programming)ACSnet Australian Computer Society national computer

networkACSS Association of Computer Support SpecialistsACT 1. Applied Computer Telephony

2. Authorization Code Table3. Association of Communications Technicians

ACTA 1. America’s Carriers Telecommunications Association2. Administrative Council for Terminal Attachments(FCC)

ACTAS Alliance of Computer-based Telephony ApplicationSuppliers

ACTE Approvals Committee for Terminal Equipment (GSM)ACTGA Attendant Control of Trunk Group AccessACTIUS Association of Computer Telephone Integration and

Users and Suppliers (U.K.)ACTL Access Customer Terminal Location (code)ACTOM Advisory Committee on Technical and Operational

Matters (ITU)ACTRIS Association for Cooperation in Telecommunications

Research In SwitzerlandACTS 1. Advanced Communications Technologies and

Services2. Advanced Communications Technology Satellite(NASA)3. Association of Competitive TelecommunicationsSuppliers4. Automatic Coin Toll Service

ACU 1. Antenna Control Unit (GSM)2. Automatic Calling Unit (IBM)

ACUTA Association of College and University Telecommunica-tions Administrators (standards organization)

ACV Advanced Common ViewACWG Asymmetrical Coplanar Wave-Guide (microwave)ACWPBX Advanced Cordless Wireless Private Branch ExchangeAD Administrative DomainADA 1. Average Delay to Abandon

2. ADA Lovelace Language (programming)ADACC Automatic Directory Assistance Call Completion



ADAD Automatic Dialing and Announcing DeviceADAR Advanced Design Array RadarADAS Automated Directory Assistance Service (Northern

Telecom)ADB Apple Desktop Bus (Macintosh)ADC 1. Analog-to-Digital Converter (electronics)

2. Automated Data Collection3. Asia DAB Committee

ADCA 1. Automatic Data Collection Association2. Automatic Data Capture Association

ADCCP Advanced Data Communications Control Protocol(ANSI)

ADCU Association of Data Communications UsersADDMD Administrative DirectoryManagement Domain (X.500)ADE Above-Decks EquipmentADEOS Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (remote sensing)ADF 1. Automatic Direction Finder (equipment)

2. Automatic Document FeederADFOC All Dielectric Fiber-Optic CableADH 1. Average Delay to Handle

2. Automatic Data HandlingADI Alternate Digit Inversion (data encoding)ADIO Analog/Digital Input/OutputADK Application-Definable KeysADL Advanced Distributed Learning (e-learning)ADLNet Advanced Distributed Learning Network (e-learning)ADM 1. Adaptive Delta Modulation

2. Add and Drop Multiplexer (MUX)ADMD Administration Management Domain (X.400)ADML Asymmetric DigitalMicrocell Link (Telcordia standard)ADN Advanced Digital Network (Bell)ADNT Advanced Digital Network TrunkingADO Auxiliary Disconnect OutletADONIS Article Delivery Over Network Information Systems

(ICT)ADP Automatic Data Processor (computer)ADPCM 1. Adaptive Differential PCM (modulation)

2. Association for Data Processing and ComputerManagement

ADPCOD Adaptive Prediction EncoderADPDEC Adaptive Prediction DecoderADPE Automatic Data Processing EquipmentADPS Automatic Data Processing SystemADPSSO Automatic Data Processing System Security Officer


A a & 11

A

ADQ Average Delay in QueueADR 1. Achievable Data Rate

2. Aggregate Data Rate3. Analog to Digital Recording4. Alternate Destination Routing (AT&T)

ADRMP Auto-Dialing Recorded Message PlayerADRT Approximate Discrete Radon TransformADS 1. Automatic Dependent Surveillance (aviation)

2. Automatic Data System3. Advanced Design System (Agilient’s microwave)4. Angular Displacement Sensor (remote sensing)5. AudioGram Delivery Services (Nortel)

ADSI Analog Display Services Interface (Telcordia standard)ADSL Asymmetric DSL (access)ADSP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol (networking)ADSR Automatic Data Speed RecognitionADSTAR Automated Document Storage And RetrievalADSU 1. ATM Digital Service Unit (ATM hardware)

2. Automatic Dependent Surveillance Unit (aviation)ADT 1. Abstract Data Type

2. Audio, Data, and Teletext3. Automatic Detection and Tracking (radar)

ADTF ACR Decrease Time FactorADTV Advanced Definition TelevisionADU 1. Asynchronous Data Unit

2. Above-Deck Unit (satellite terminals)3. Area Decision Unit (MUX)4. Average Daily Use5. Automatic Dialing Unit

ADX Automatic Data ExchangeAE 1. Acoustic Emission

2. Application Entity (OSI model)3. Account Executive

AEA 1. American Electronics Association2. American Engineering Association3. Aerial Experimental Association (Bell)

AEB Analog Expansion Bus (computer)AEC 1. Acoustic Echo Canceller

2. Alternate Exchange CarrierAECS Aeronautical Emergency Communications System

(avionics)AECT Association for Educational Communications and

TechnologyAEEC Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee (ARINC)



AEEM Aerospace Engineering and Engineering MechanicsAEF Aircraft Emergency FrequencyAEGIS 1. Advanced Electronic Guidance and Instrumentation

System2. Airborne Early-warning Ground Integration System

AEI Automatic Equipment IdentificationAEJMC Association for Education in Journalism and Mass

CommunicationAEMIS Automatic ElectronicManagement Information System

(AT&T)AEP AppleTalk Echo Protocol (networking)AER Advanced Edge RouterAEROSAT Aeronautical Satellite Communications SystemAEROTHAI Aeronautical Radio of ThailandAES 1. Aeronautical Earth Station (Inmarsat)

2. Audio Engineering Society3. Advanced Encryption Standard4. Application Environment Standard (or Service)

AESA Active Electronically Steered Array (microwaveantennas)

AESS Aerospace and Electronics System SocietyAET Application Entity Title (OSI model)AEU 1. Auxiliary Electronics Unit

2. Aircraft Early Warning3. Airborne Early Warning4. Asia Electronic Union

AEW 1. Aircraft Early Warning2. Airborne Early Warning

AF 1. Audio Frequency2. Assigned Frame (Motorola)

AFACTS Automatic Facilities Test SystemAFAQ French Quality Assurance AssociationAFAST Advanced Flyaway Satellite TerminalAFC 1. Automatic Frequency Control (electronics)

2. Amplitude-to-Frequency Converter3. Advanced Fiber Communications

AFCEA Armed Forces Communications and ElectronicsAssociation

AFDW Active Framework for Data WarehousingAFE 1. Analog Front End (functions)

2. AntiferroelectricAFI 1. Authority and Format Identifier (ATM)

2. Address and Format Identifier (OSI model)


A a & 13

A

AFIPS American Federation of Information ProcessingSocieties

AFIS 1. Airborne Flight Information System2. Automated Fingerprint Identification System(Motorola)

AFM 1. Adobe Font Manager2. Adobe Font Metrics3. Antiferromagnetism

AFMR Antiferromagnetic ResonanceAFN Aeronautical Fixed Network (COMSAR)AFNOR Association Francaise de Normalization (France)AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research (U.S.A.)AFP AppleTalk Filing Protocol (networking)AFPCON AFP Configuration (Novell NetWare)AFRN Armed Forces Radio Network (broadcaster)AFRS Armed Forces Radio Service (broadcaster)AFRTS American Forces Radio and Television Services

(broadcaster)AFS 1. Advanced Freephone Service

2. Andrew File System (networks)3. Aeronautical Fixed Service (ITU)4. Automation File Server

AFSK Audio Frequency-Shift Keying (modulation)AFT Automatic Fine Tuning (receivers)AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network

(COMSAR)AFTRA American Federation of Television and Radio ArtistsAFV Audio-Follow-VideoAG Application Generator (software)AGC 1. Automatic Gain Control (electronics)

2. Audio Graphic ConferencingAGCH Access Grant Channel (GSM)AGCOMNET Agriculture’s voice and data CommunicationsNetwork

(U.S.A.)AGE Aerospace Ground EquipmentAGN again (Morse code transmissions)AGP Accelerated Graphics Port (Intel motherboards)AGPS Assisted GPSAGRS Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service (aviation)AGT 1. Audio Graphics Terminal

2. Albera Government TelephoneAGTK Application Generator ToolkitAGU 1. Address-Generation Unit

2. Automatic Ground Unit



AGW Access Gateway (switching)AGWCS Air-Ground Worldwide Communications System

(aviation)Ah Ampere-hourAH Authentication Header (IP datagrams)AHD Audio High-Density (recording)AHDL Analog Hardware-Description Language (software)AHDS Arts and Humanities Data Service (ICT of JISC

committee)AHEN 1. Alabama Home Educator’s Network (U.S.A.)

2. Alberta Higher Education Network (e-learning)3. Alternative Higher Education Network (e-learning)

AHF Adaptive High-Frequency (radio)AHFG ATM-attached Host Functional GroupAHP Authentication Header ProtocolAHR Ampere HourAHT 1. Average Handle Time

2. Average Holding Time.aif Name extension for Audio Interchange Files (computer)AI 1. Artificial Intelligence

2. Airborne Interception (radar)3. Action Indicator (ISDN)

AIA 1. Aerospace Industries Association (U.S.A.)2. Application Interface Adapter3. Automatic Internet Administration

AIC 1. Automatic Intercept Center (Telcordia Technologies)2. Analog Interface Circuit (modem)

AICC 1. Automatic Incoming Call Connection2. Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control (car radar)

AICE Australian Institute of Computer EthicsAID Access Identifier (MUX)AIDA Accessible Information on Development ActivitiesAIDC Automatic Identification and Data Collection (Mexico)AIDS Access Identifier SystemAIEE American Institute of Electrical Engineers (now IEEE)AIFF Audio Interchange File FormatAIIA Australian Information Industry AssociationAIIM Association for Information and Image ManagementAILS Advanced Integrated Landing System (ICT)AIM 1. Amplitude Intensity Modulation

2. Ascend Inverse Multiplexing (protocol)3. Association for Interactive Media4. ATM Inverse Multiplexer5. Access Intelligent Multiplexer


A a & 15

A

AIMS 1. Aeronautical Interim Monitoring System2. Auto Indexing Mass Storage

AIMUX ATM Inverse MultiplexerAIN Advance Intelligent NetworkAINC Arabic Internet Names ConsortiumAINTCC Automated Intercept Call Completion (Northern

Telecom)AIOD Automatic Identification of Outward Dialing (PBX)AIP ATM Interface ProcessorAIR 1. Allowed Information Rate (frame relay)

2. Additive Increase Rate (ATM)3. Airborne Imaging Radar4. All India Radio (broadcaster)5. Association of Independents in Radio6. Air-Incident Recording (magnetic storage)

AIRB Association of Radio Industries and BusinessesAIRF Additive Increase Rate Factor (ATM)AIRS Atmospheric Infrared Sensor (remote sensing)AIS 1. Alarm Indication Signal (MUX)

2. Automatic Intercept System3. Automated Information System4. Aeronautical Information Services (COMSAR)5. Association for Information Systems

AISS Automated Information Systems SecurityAIST Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyAISTel Associazione Italiana per lo Sviluppo delle

TelecomunicazioniAIT 1. Assembly, Integration, and Testing

2. Atomic International Time3. Advanced Intelligent Tape (tape format)4. Automatic Identification Technology

AITP Association of Information Technology Professionals(U.S.A.)

AITS 1. Australian Information Technology Society2. Administrative Information Technology Services3. Advanced Information Technology Services4. Associazione Italiana Tecnici del Suono5. Acknowledged Information Transfer Service

AIW Application Implementer’s WorkshopAIX Advanced Interactive executive (IBM-operating

system)AJ Anti-Jamming (electronics)AJP American Journal of PhysicsAKM Apogee Kick Motor (satellite)



AL 1. Adaptation Layer (ATM)2. Application Layer (OSI model)

ALAP AppleTalk Link Access ProtocolALB Analog Loop-Back (testing)ALBO Automatic Line Build-Out (transmission)ALC 1. Automatic Level Control

2. Automatic Load Control (fiber optics)3. Airline Line Control (protocol)

ALDC Adaptive Lossless Data CompressionALE 1. Application Logic Element

2. Automatic Link Establishment (HF radio station)3. Atlanta Linux Enthusiasts4. Approvals Liaison Engineer (British)

ALF Advanced Library FormatALFA Automatic Laser-Fiber AssemblyALG Application Level GatewayALGaAs Aluminum–Gallium–Arsenide (semiconductors)ALGOCOM Algorithm Communications Company (Iran)ALGOL Algorithmic Language (programming)ALI 1. ATM Line Interface

2. Automatic Location Identification3. Automatic Location Information

ALIS Access Line In ServiceALIT Automatic Line Insulation TestingALL Analog Leased LineALLC Association for Literary and Linguistic ComputingALM 1. AppWare Loadable Module

2. Automated Loan MachineALMRBS Airport Land Mobile Radio Base Station (aviation)ALMRS Airport Land Mobile Radio Station (aviation)ALN 1. Asynchronous Learning Networks (e-learning)

2. Adaptive-Logic Network (neural networks)AlNiCo Aluminum Nickel Cobalt (substance)ALOS Advanced Land Observing SatelliteALPETH Aluminum/Polyethylene (cable)ALPS Automatic Loop Protection SwitchingALS 1. Automatic Laser Shutdown

2. Advanced Low-power Schottky (TTL)3. Active Line State

ALT 1. Automated Loop Test2. Association for Learning Technology (U.K.e-learning)3. Alternate Local Transport

ALTEL Association of Long-distance Telephone companies


A a & 17

A

ALTS Association for Local Telecommunications Services(U.S.A.)

ALU 1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (computer)2. Average Line Utilization

AM 1. Amplitude Modulation2. Angle Modulation3. Access Module4. Apogee Motor (satellite)5. Active Matrix (displays)6. Alarm Management

AM band Radio-frequency band ranging from 535 to 1605 kHzAM-AM Amplitude-Modulation to Amplitude-Modulation

conversionAM-PM Amplitude-Modulation to Phase-Modulation

conversionAM-TFT Active Matrix, Thin-Film TransistorAM/FM Handling either AM or FM signals (radio receivers)AM/SSB Amplitude-Modulation with Single SideBand

operationAM/VSB Amplitude-Modulation with Vestigial SideBand

operationAMA Automatic Message AccountingAMADNS AMA Data Networking System (OSS)AMANDA Automated Messaging And Directory AssistanceAMAP Adaptive Mobile Access ProtocolAMATPS AMA Teleprocessing System (OSS)AMBA Advanced Microcontroller Bus ArchitectureAMBE Advanced Multiband Excitation (Inmarsat)AMC Allgon Mobile Communications (Sweden)AMCs Adds, Moves, and Changes (IBM-speak about

computer fan)AMD American Micro Devices (company)AMDM ATM Multiplexer/DemultiplexerAME 1. Amplitude Modulation Equivalent (transmission)

2. Automatic Message ExchangeAMEL Active Matrix ElectroluminescenceAMES Aeronautical Mobile Earth StationAMF 1. Apogee Motor Firing (satellite)

2. Automated Module FabricationAMHS Automated Message-Handling SystemAMI 1. Alternate Mark Inversion (data encoding)

2. Active Microwave Instrument (remote sensing)AMIS AudioMessaging Interchange Specification (voice mail)AML 1. Actual Measured Loss



2. Automatic Modulation Limiting (electronics)3. Amplitude Modulated Link4. Analog Microwave Link5. ARC Macro Language (programming)

AMLCD Active Matrix Liquid-Crystal DisplayAMN Abstract Machine NotationAmp 1. Ampere

2. amplifierAMP Advanced Metal Powder (storage technology)amplidyne amplifier dyneAmprNet Amateur packet radio NetworkAMPS 1. Advanced Mobile Phone Service (cellular networks)

2. Automatic Message Processing SystemAMPSSO Automatic Message Processing System Security OfficerAMR 1. Anisotropic Magneto-Resistance

2. Automated Meter Reading3. Audio Modem Riser (Intel motherboards)4. Adaptive Multirate (codec)

AMRAC Association Mondale des Radiodiffuseurs Communau-taires (France)

AMS 1. Account Management System2. Attendant Management System (NEC)3. Aeronautical Mobile Service (COMSAR)

AMS-IX Amsterdam Internet ExchangeAmsat Radio Amateur Satellite CorporationAMSC American Mobile Satellite CorporationAMSK Auxiliary Manual Select KeyboardAMSS 1. Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Service (COMSAR)

2. Airborne Multispectral ScannerAMT Address Mapping Table (routers and servers)AMTA American Mobile Telecommunications AssociationAMTFT Active-Matrix Thin-Film Transistor (electronics)AMTI Airborne Moving-Target IndicatorAMTOR Amateur Teleprinting Over RadioAMTS 1. Automated Maritime Telecommunications System

2. Asia-Pacific Mobile Telecommunications SatellitePte. Ltd

AmTV Amateur TelevisionAMVER Automated Merchant Vessel ReportAN Access NetworkANA Automatic Network AnalyzerANAC Automatic Number Announcement CircuitAnamux Analog multiplexerANBP AppleTalk Name-Binding Protocol


A a & 19

A

ANC 1. All Number Calling2. Air Navigation Commission (COMSAR)

ANCARA Advanced Networked Cities And Regions AssociationAND Automatic Network Dialing (service)ANI Automatic Number Identification (feature)ANL 1. Automatic Noise Limiter

2. Ambient Noise LevelANM Answer MessageANN 1. Artificial Neural Network

2. Arab News NetworkANOVA Analysis of VarianceANRT Agence Nationale de Reglementation des Telecommu-

nication (Morocco)Ans answerANS 1. Advanced Network and Services

2. American National StandardsANSA Alternate Network Service Agreement (ISDN)ANSI American National Standards Institute (U.S.A.)ANSI-C A version of C programming language standardized by

ANSIANSI/SPARC ANSI Standards Planning And Requirements

CommitteeANT 1. antenna

2. Antenna Noise Temperature3. Advanced Network Technologies (company)4. Access Network Termination5. Alternate Number Translation

ANTC Advanced Networking Test CenterANTIVOX Anti-voice-Operated Transmission (electronics)ANX Automative Network ExchangeAO Acoustic-OpticalAO/DI Always On Dynamic ISDNAoC Advice of Charge (GSM supplementary service)AOC Aeronautical Operational CommunicationsAoCI Advice of Charge Indication (GSM supplementary

service)AoCC Advice of Charge Charging (GSM supplementary

service)AOCN Administrative Operating Company NumberAOCS Altitude and Orbit Control SystemAoD Audio-on-Demand (service)AOHell America Online Hell (hacker program)AOL America Online (information service)



AOM 1. Acousto-optic Modulator2. Administration, Operations, and Maintenance

AON 1. Active Optical Network2. All-optical Network

AOR Atlantic Ocean Region (Inmarsat)AOR-E Atlantic Ocean Region-East (Inmarsat)AOR-W Atlantic Ocean Region-West (Inmarsat)AOS 1. Alternate Operator Services

2. Area of ServiceAOSP Alternate Operator Service ProviderAOSS Auxiliary Operator Services SystemAOSSVR Auxiliary Operator Services System Voice ResponseAOTF Acoustic Optical Tunable Filter (MUX)AOW Asia and Oceania WorkshopAP 1. Access Point (wireless LAN)

2. Access Provider3. Anomalous Propagation4. Application Program5. Applications Processor (AT&T)6. Adjunct Processor

APA All Points Addressable (graphics)APAD Asynchronous Packet Assembler/DisassemblerAPAN Asia-Pacific Advanced Network (consortium)APaRT Automated Packet Recognition/TranslationAPC 1. Adaptive Predictive Coding

2. Automatic Phase Control (electronics)3. Advanced Process Control4. Aeronautical Passenger Communications5. Association for Progressive Communications

APCC American Public Communications CouncilAPCN Asia-Pacific Cable Network (consortium)APCO Association of Public-safety Communications Officials

(U.S.A.)APCS Aeronautical Public Correspondence ServiceAPD Avalanche Photo Diode (electronics)APDC Avalanche Photodiode CouplerAPDIP Asia-Pacific Development Information Program

(United Nations)APDU Application Protocol Data Unit (OSI model)APES Antenna Pointing Element Set (Satcom)APEX Application Exchange (protocol)APFD Aggregate Power Flux DensityAPI 1. Application Programming Interface (software)

2. Advanced Publication of Information (Intelsat)3. Air Position Indicator


A a & 21

A

API/CS Application Programming Interface and Communi-cations Service

APK Amplitude Phase-Shift Keying (modulation)APL 1. Array Programming Language (computer)

2. Automatic Program Load (PBX feature)3. Average Picture Level (video system)

APLT Advanced Private Line Termination (PBX)APM 1. Amplitude Phase Modulation

2. Advanced Power Management (computer)APNIC Asia-Pacific Network Information CenterAPO Adaptive Performance Optimization (technology)APOLT APON Line TerminationAPON ATM Passive Optical NetworkAPONT APON Termination (electronics)APOT Additional Point of Terminationapp applicationAPP Ascend Password ProtocolAPPA American Public Power AssociationAPPC Advanced Program-to-Program Communications (IBM)APPGEN Application GeneratorAPPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (IBM SNA)APR 1. American Public Radio (broadcaster)

2. Annual Percentage Rate (contracts)APRN Alaska Public Radio Network (broadcaster)APS 1. Advanced Photo System

2. Advanced Planning and Scheduling (ICT)3. Automatic Protection Switching (MUX)4. Analog Protection System (broadcasting)

APSC Asia-Pacific Space Center, Inc. (U.S.A.)APSCC Asia-Pacific Satellite Communications CouncilAPSE Automatic Protection Switching ExtendableAPSI Asia-Pacific Satellite Industries Co., LtdAPSK Amplitude PSK (modulation)APSW All Purpose SoftwareAPT 1. Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (organization)

2. Automatically Programmed Tools3. Automatic Picture Transmission

APTS Association of Public Television StationsAQAP Allied Quality Assurance PublicationsAQCB Automated Quote Contract BillingAQL Acceptable Quality Level (of products)AR 1. Axial Ratio (microwave)

2. Alternate Route3. Automatic Recall



ARA 1. AppleTalk Remote Access2. Address Resolution Advertisement (routing service)

Arabsat Arab Satellite Communications (organization)ARAM Audio grade RAM (memory)ARB All-Routes Broadcast.arc Name extension for compressed archive files

(computer)ARC Attached Resource Computer (LANs)ARCH Access Response Channel (wireless)ARCI Amateur Radio Club InternationalARCNet Attached Resource Computer NetworkARCS Astra Return Channel SystemARD 1. Advanced Research and Development

2. Automatic Ring DownARE All-Routes Explorer (ATM)ARENA Automated Resource to Electronic Navigation ArchiveARES Amateur Radio Emergency Service (organization)ARF 1. Alternative Regulatory Framework

2. Alternate Recovery Facility (Satcom)ARFA Arrested Receive Frame AcquisitionARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (GSM)ARI Automatic Room Identification (telephony service)ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses ( Japan)ARIES 1. Angle-Resolved Ion and Electron Spectroscopy

2. Australian Resource Information and EnvironmentSatellite

ARIN American Registry for Internet Numbers (U.S.A.)ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated (airline consortium)ARISE 1. Advanced Radio Interferometry between Space and

Earth2. American Renaissance in Science Education

ARISS Amateur Radio International Space StationARISTOTELES Applications and Research Involving Space Tech-

nologies Observing The Earth’s Fields from LowEarth-orbiting Satellites

.arj A DOS file extension for ARJ compression program

.ARJ Name extension for Achieving program by Robert K.Jung (computer)

ARL Acceptable Reliability Level (of products)ARLE Advanced Run-length Limited Encoding (data storage)ARM 1. Asynchronous Response Mode (OSI model)

2. American Radio Museum3. Answering and Recording Machine4. Apogee Rocket Motor (satellite)


A a & 23

A

ARMIS Automated Management Reporting InformationSystem

ARNS Aeronautical Radio Navigation Service (ITU)ARNSS Aeronautical Radio Navigation-Satellite Service (ITU)ARO Active Resonant Oscillator (microwave)AROS 1. Amateur Radio Observation Service

2. Amiga Research Operating SystemARP 1. Address Resolution Protocol (networking)

2. Azimuth Reference PulseARPA 1. Advanced Research Projects Agency (U.S.A.)

2. Automatic Radar Plot Aid (shipboard radar)ARPANet ARPA NetworkARPM Average Revenue Per Minute (GSM)ARPU Average Revenue Per User (GSM)ARQ Automatic Retransmit Request (data communication)ARQ-GB Automatic Retransmit Request - Go BackARQ-SR Automatic Retransmit Request - Selective RetransmitARQ-SW Automatic Retransmit Request - Stop and WaitARR Airborne Radio RelayARRL American Relay Radio LeagueARRN Amateur Radio Repeater NetworkARS Automatic Route Selection/SelectorARSG Australian Radiocommunications Study GroupARSR Air Route Surveillance RadarART Arab Radio and Television network (broadcaster)ARTES Advanced Research in Telecommunications SystemsArtron Artificial NeuronARU Audio Response UnitAS 1. Autonomous System

2. Amateur Satellite3. Applicability Statement4. Advanced Schottky (microchips)5. Authorization Stream

AS&C 1. Alarm Surveillance and Control2. Advanced Systems and Concepts (U.S. Defense)

ASA 1. Acoustical Society of America2. American Standards Association (now ANSI)3. Average Speed of Answer4. Affiliated Sales Agency

ASAI Adjunct Switch Application Interface (AT&T)ASAM Advanced Services Access Manager (Alcatel)ASAPI Advanced Speech API (computer)ASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture RadarASARS Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar System



ASAS All-Source Analysis SystemASBC Advanced Space Business Corporation.asc Name extension for files containing ASCI text

(computer)ASC 1. Abnormal Station Code

2. AUTODIN Switching Center3. Automatic Slope Control (circuitry)4. Advanced Switching Communications5. Aeronautical System Center (U.S.A.)

ASCA Advanced Satellite for Cosmology & AstrophysicsASCC Automatic Sequence Controlled CalculatorASCENT Association of Communications EnterprisesASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

(computer)ASCU Agent Set Control Unit (IBM)ASD Asynchronous DataASDE Airport Surface Detection EquipmentASDS Accunet Spectrum of Digital Services (AT&T)ASDSP Application-Specific Digital Signal ProcessorASE 1. Application Service Element (OSI model)

2. Amplified Spontaneous Emission3. Automatic Switching Equipment

ASFB Application-Specific Functional BlockASG Access Service GroupASH 1. Ardire-Stratigakis-Hayduk (algorithm)

2. Amplifier-Sequenced Hybrid (microwave)ASI 1. Alternate Space Inversion (data encoding)

2. Artificial Sensing Instrument3. Application Software Interface4. Astronomical Society of India5. Agenzia Spaziale Italiano (Italian Space Agency)

ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (electronics)ASK Amplitude-Shift Keying (modulation)ASL Adaptive Speed Leveling (modem)ASMTP Authenticated SMTP (Internet)ASN 1. Aeronautical Satellite News (magazine)

2. Acknowledgement Sequence Number3. Autonomous System Number4. Abstract Syntax Notation (OSI model)

ASOCNet Army Special Operations Command NetworkASON Automatically-Switched Optical NetworkASP 1. Application Service Provider (Internet)

2. Administrable Service Provider (SCSA)3. Alternate Service Provider


A a & 25

A

4. Abstract Service Primitive (ATM)5. Adjunct Service Point (INs)6. Analog Signal Processing7. AppleTalk Session Protocol (networking)8. Average Selling Price (microchip manufacturing)9. ATM Switch Processor10. Attached Support Processor (Northern Telecom)11. Association of Shareware Professionals12. Active Server Page (HTML)

ASPI Advanced SCSI Programming Interface (computer)ASPJ Advanced Self-Protection Jammer (electronics)ASQ 1. Automated Status Query

2. Administrative Science Quarterly3. American Society for Quality4. Application Status Query

ASR 1. Automatic Send/Receive (telex maker company)2. Automatic Speech Recognition (telephony service)3. Automatic System Reconfiguration (computer)4. Access Service Request (frame relay)5. Airport Surveillance Radar6. Answer Seizure Ratio7. Average Service Rate (percentage)

ASRM Automatic Send/Receive Monitor (ASR companyproduct)

ASRT Automatic Send/Receive Terminal (ASR companyproduct)

ASS Amateur Satellite Service (ITU)ASSP 1. Acoustic Speech and Signal Processing

2. Application-Specific Standard Product (microchips)ASSTA Australian Speech Science and Technology AssociationAST Automatic Scheduled TestingASTAP APT Standardization Program (APT)ASTC 1. Australian Science and Technology Council

2. Association of Science-Technology CentersIncorporated

ASTD American Society of Training and Development(e-learning)

ASTE Advanced Systems and Telecommunications EquipmentASTERR Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflectance

Radiometer (remote sensing)ASTM American Society for Testing and MaterialsASTP Advanced Systems and Technology ProgramASTRAL Alliance for Strategic Token-Ring Advancement and

Leadership



ASU 1. Application-Specific Unit2. ATM Service Unit

ASV Air-to-Surface-Vessel (radar)ASWC Alternate Serving Wire Center.asx Name extension for Windows Media Player files

(computer)ASYNC Asynchronous (data transfer)AT 1. Advanced Technology (IBM PCs)

2. Access Tandem3. Acceptance Test4. Audiotex(t)5. Asynchronous Transmission

AT Attachment Advanced Technology Attachment (interfacestandard)

AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph (company)ATA 1. Air Transport Association

2. Auto-Tracking Antenna3. American Telemarketing Association (U.S.A.)4. Analog Terminal Adapter (Northern Telecom)5. AT Attachment (computer interface)

ATA2 Second generation ATAttachment (interface standard)ATACS Army Tactical Communications System (U.S.A.)ATAPI ATAttachmentPacket Interface specification (CD-ROM)ATB All Trunks Busy (signal)ATC 1. Air Traffic Control (aviation)

2. Adaptive Transform CodingATCA Antique Telephone Collectors AssociationATCON AppleTalk network Control (Novell NetWare)ATCONFIG AppleTalk Configuration (Novell NetWare NLM)ATCP AppleTalk Control ProtocolATCRBS Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon SystemATD 1. Asynchronous Time-Division

2. Advanced Technology Demonstration3. Attention Dial the phone (modems)

ATDE Adaptive Time Domain EqualizerATDM Asynchronous Time-Division MultiplexingATDNet Advanced Technology Demonstration NetworkATDP Attention Dial Pulse (modem command)ATDRSS Advanced Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System

(NASA)ATDT Attention Dial Tone (modem command)ATE 1. Authorized Telecommunications Entity

2. Automatic Test Equipment


A a & 27

A

ATEL Advanced Television Evaluation LaboratoryATELP Adaptive-Transform-Excited-Linear PredictionATF Advanced Tactical FiberATG 1. Address Translation Gateway (Cisco)

2. Automatic Test Generation3. Air-To-Ground (service)

ATHD Average Ten High-Day (data communication)ATI 1. Advanced Telecommunication Institute

2. Accelerated Technology IncorporatedATIA Air Traffic Interface Application (Motorola)ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

(U.S.A.)ATL Active Template Library (Microsoft)ATM 1. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (network technology)

2. Air Traffic Management (aviation)3. Automated Transaction Machine4. Automatic Tracking Mechanism

ATM DSU ATM Digital Service UnitATM DXI ATM Data Exchange InterfaceATM-25 ATM running at 25 MbpsATMARP ATM Address Resolution ProtocolATMP Ascend Tunnel Management ProtocolATN Aeronautical Telecommunications NetworkATNS Advanced Trunking Networking SystemATOF Advanced Tactical Optical FiberATOP Automatic Traffic Overload Protection (feature)ATOW Acquisition and Tracking Order-WireATP 1. AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (networking)

2. Acceptance Test Procedure3. Advanced Technology Provider4. Automatic Telephone Payment

ATPC Automatic Transmitter Power ControlATPG Automatic Test Pattern Generator (broadcasting)ATPS AppleTalk Print Services (Novell NetWare)ATPSCON AppleTalk Print Services Configuration (Novell

NetWare)ATRAC Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (minidisk)ATRAN Automatic Terrain Recognition And Navigation

(military)ATS 1. Air Traffic Services (aviation)

2. Abstract Test Suite (testing a protocol)3. Applications Technology Satellite program

ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee (U.S.A.)ATSE Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering



ATSR 1. Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (remote sensing)2. Along-Track Scanning Radar

ATSR/M Along-Track ScanningRadiometerMicrowave (sounder)ATT 1. Automatic Toll Tracking

2. Average Talk TimeATTC Advanced Television Test CenterATTND attendantATU 1. ADSL Transceiver Unit (ITU)

2. ADSL Terminal Unit3. Auxiliary Test Unit4. African Telecommunications Union

ATU-C ADSL Transmission Unit-Central officeATU-R ADSL Transmission Unit-Remote officeATUC ADSL Transmission Unit-Central officeATUG Australian Telecommunication User GroupATV 1. Advanced Television (HDTV)

2. Amateur TelevisionATVEF Advanced Television Enhancement ForumATX 1. Audiotex(t)

2. AdvancedTechnology Expanded (PCmotherboards)AU 1. Access Unit

2. Alternate Use3. Administrative Unit (MUX)

AU PTR Administrative Unit Pointer (MUX)AuC Authentication Center (GSM)AUCS AT&T Unisource Communications ServicesAUD Audio input/output (audio systems)AUG Administrative Unit Group (MUX)AUI 1. Autonomous Unit Interface (Ethernet transceiver)

2. Attachment Unit Interface (Ethernet transceiver)3. Access Unit Interface (LANs)

AUP Acceptable Use Policy (ISPs)AUR Access Usage RecordAURP AppleTalk Update-based Routing ProtocolAUS Access Unit SubrackAUSREP Australian Ship Reporting systemAUSSAT Australian domestic Satellite operatorAuto-SD Automatic Signal Degrade (MUX)Auto-SF Automatic Signal Failure (MUX)AUTODIN Automatic Digital Network (U.S. Defense)AUTOEXEC Automatically Executed (computer command)AUTOSEVOCOM Automatic Secure Voice Communication networkAUTOVON Automatic Voice Network (U.S. Defense)AUU ATM User-to-User (bit)


A a & 29

A

AUUG Australian Unix User GroupAUX 1. Auxiliary Device (computer serial port or COM1)

2. Auxiliary signal (audio systems)AUXBC Auxiliary Broadcasting.av Name extension for Audio–Visual files (computer)AV Audio–VisualAVC Automatic Volume Control (electronics)AVD Alternative Voice/Data (transmission)AVE Automatic Volume Expander (electronics)AVHRR 1. Advanced VeryHigh-Resolution Radiometer (remote

sensing)2. Advanced Very High-Resolution Radar

.avi Name extension for audio–visual files (computer)AVI 1. Audio–Video Interleave (file format)

2. Automatic Vehicle Identification3. Analog VHDL International (standards group)

AVIOS American Voice Input/Output SocietyAVK Audio–Video Kernel (digital video)AVL Automatic Vehicle Location (GSM)AVNIR Advanced Visible and Near Infrared RadiometerAVRS Automated Voice Response SystemAVSG Advanced Video Systems Group (Canada)AVSS Audio–Video Support System (digital video)AVSSCS Audio/Visual Service-Specific Convergence Sublayer

(ATM)AWA Antique Wireless AssociationAWACS Airborne Warning And Control SystemAWAN Analog Wide Area NetworkAWC 1. Area-Wide Centrex

2. Association for Women in ComputingAWCC Afghan Wireless Communications CompanyAWG 1. American Wire Gauge (cable standards)

2. Arbitrary Waveform GeneratorAWGN Additive White Gaussian NoiseAWM American Wiring MaterialAWNV All Weather and Night Vision SystemAWSI Association of Wireless System IntegratorsAX.25 Amateur-radio implementation of X.25A!E Automatic Cross-connection EquipmentAZ Azimuth (Satcom)AZ/EL Azimuth and Elevation (Satcom)AZON Azimuth Only (Satcom)AZRAN Azimuth and Range (radar)



B b

b 1. Symbol for bit (unit of data)2. Symbol for baud (unit of character transmission)3. Symbol for barn (unit of nuclear cross section)

b/s bits per secondB 1. Symbol for Byte

2. Symbol for Base (transistor circuit diagrams)3. Symbol for Bel (unit of measure of signal strength)4. Symbol for magnetic flux density5. Symbol for Beta (Beta test)

B channel Bearer channel (ISDN)B Link Bridge Link (SS7)B&S Brawn and Sharp GaugeB&W Black and White (television set)BC Positive terminal of Battery or voltage sourceBK Negative terminal of Battery or voltage sourceB-CDMA Broadband CDMA (access)B-DCS Broadband Digital Cross-connect SystemB-ICI B-ISDN Inter Carrier Interface (ATM)B-ICISAAL B-ICI Signaling ATM Adaptation LayerB-ISDN Broadband ISDNB-ISUP Broadband ISDN User’s Part (SS7)B-LLI Broadband Lower Layer InformationB-LT Broadband Line Termination

AU5866—CHAPTER B—B—12/7/2007—11:17—GANESHV—274404—XML MODEL E – pp. 31–43

B

31

B-MAC Broadband Master Antenna ControlB-NT Broadband Network TerminationB-PCS Broadband Personal Communications Services (FCC)B-Picture Bi-directionally predictive-coded Picture (MPEG)B-QSIG Broadband ISDN Q-interface SignalingB-Sat Broadcasting Satellite system Corporation ( Japan)B-TA Broadband Terminal Adapter (ISDN)B-TE Broadband Terminal Equipment (ISDN)B2B Business-to-Business (e-commerce)B2C Business-to-Consumer (e-commerce)B2E Business-to-Employee (e-commerce)B2G Business-to-Government (e-commerce)B3ZS Bipolar with 3 Zeros Substitution (data encoding)B6ZS Bipolar with 6 Zeros Substitution (data encoding)B8ZS Bipolar with 8 Zeros Substitution (data encoding)BA 1. Basic Access

2. Burst Acquired3. Business Address

BAA Blanket Authorization AgreementBABT British Approvals Board for TelecommunicationsBACP Bandwidth Allocation Control ProtocolBACR Billing Account Cross Reference (number)BAF Bellcore AMA Format (data)BAFTA British Academy of Film and Television ArtsBAIC Billing of All Incoming Calls (GSM supplementary

service).bak Name extension for backup files (computer)Balun Balanced-input to unbalanced-output converter

(microwave)BAN 1. Base Area Network

2. Billing Account NumberBAOC Billing of All Outgoing Calls (GSM supplementary

service)BAOL British Association for Open Learning (e-learning)BAPCO British Association of Public-safety Communications

OfficialsBAPTA Bearing And Power Transfer AssemblyBARITT Barrier Injection Transit Time (semiconductors)BARS Basic Automatic Route Selection (Nortel Networks)BAS Bit Allocation SignalBASIC Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

(computer)BASR Buffered Automatic Send/Receive.bat Name extension for batch program files (computer)



BAT Bouquet Association TableBatelco Bahrain Telecommunications Company (operator)BATT battery (diagrams)BAW Bulk Acoustic Wave (HF device)BB 1. Baseband signal (MUX)

2. Bulletin Board3. Broadband

BBC 1. British Broadcasting Corporation (broadcaster)2. Broadband Bearer Capability3. Back-to-Back Connection

BBD Bucket Brigade Device (semiconductors)BBE Background Block Error (MUX)BBER 1. Bulletin Board Error Rate

2. Background Block Error RatioBBEXP Baseband ExpansionBBG Basic Business GroupBBG-I ISDN Basic Business GroupBBIN Broadband Intelligent NetworkBBIU Baseband Interface UnitBBL Broadband LoopBBLAN Baseband Local Area NetworkBBM Breadboard ModelBBN Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, Inc. (company)BBPULB Big Brother Protects You from Little Brothers

(wireless networks)BBS 1. Bulletin Board System (ICT)

2. Bridge-to-Bridge StationBBSS Baseband Sub-SystemBBT 1. Broadband Transmission (Intelsat)

2. Bit-Block TransferBBTM Beam-to-Beam Traffic Matrix (Intelsat)BBU Baseband Unit (Intelsat)BBUL Bumpless Build-Up Layer packagingBc Committed Burst sizeBC 1. Backward Compatible (coding and softwares)

2. Beam Coupling3. Binary Code4. Broadcast

BCC 1. Blind Carbon Copy (e-mail)2. Base-station Color Code (GSM)3. Bellcore Client Company4. Block Check Character5. Broadcast Control Computer

BCCH Broadcast Control Channel (cellular networks)


B b & 33

B

BCD 1. Binary-Coded Decimal (coding)2. Burst Channel Demodulator

BCE Bandwidth-Control Element (frame relay)BCH 1. Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem code (error

correction)2. Broadcast Channels (GSM)

BCHO Base-Controlled Hand-Off (cellular networks)BCI 1. Broadcast Interference

2. Bit Count IntegrityBCL Base general premises Cabling License (Australia)BCM 1. Bit-Compression Multiplexer

2. Basic Call Model (AINs)3. Block-Coded Modulation4. Binary Coded Matrix (Intelsat)

BCN Beacon (navigation)BCOB Broadband Connection-Oriented Bearer (ATM)BCOB-A BCOB Class A (ATM)BCOB-C BCOB Class C (ATM)BCOB-X BCOB Class X (ATM)BCP 1. Batch Change Supplement

2. Best Current Practice3. Bulk Copy Program (software)

BCR Binary Charge RegulatorBCRI Business Communications Review International

(magazine)BCRS Bell Canada Relay ServiceBCS 1. Basic Control System (Satcom)

2. Batch Change Supplement3. Boston Computer Society4. B-channel Circuit-Switched5. Basic Combined Set (OSI model)6. British Computer Society7. Beam Control System (satellite)8. Broadcast Control System

BCSM Basic Call State Model (AINs)BCVT Basic Class Virtual Terminal (OSI model)Bd baud (unit of telex transmission speed)BD Building DistributorBDC 1. Backup Domain Controller (server)

2. Broadband Digital Cross-connectBDCS Broadband Digital Cross-connect System (MUX)BDD Binary Decision DiagramBDE Below-Decks EquipmentBDF Block Data Format



BDFB Breaker Distribution Fuse Bay (switch room)BDI Bearing Deviation IndicatorBDLC Burroughs Data Link Control (protocol)BDN Bell Data NetworkBDR Battery Discharge RegulatorBDSL Broadband DSL (access)BDT 1. Billing Data Tape

2. Binary Decision Tree3. Telecommunications Development Bureau (France)

BDU Below-Decks Unit (satellite terminals)BE Burst ExcessBEAMOS Beam-associated MOS (semiconductors)BEARS Billing Exchange Account Record SystemBECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (frame

relay)BECTA British Educational Communications and Technology

Agency of United Kingdom (e-learning)BEDO RAM Burst Extended Data Output RAM (memory)BEEP Block Extensible Exchange ProtocolBEF Band Elimination FilterBEHINCOM Behin Ertebat Mehr Company (Iran)BEI Back-scattered Electron ImagingBellcore Bell Communications Research (company)BeOS Be Operating System (Be, Inc.)BEP 1. Bit Error Probability

2. Back End ProcessorBER 1. Bit Error Rate (transmission)

2. Bit Error Ratio (transmission)3. Basic Encoding Rules

BERT Bit Error Rate Test (transmission)BES 1. Base Earth Station

2. BlackBerry Enterprise ServerBETA Business Equipment Trade AssociationBETRS Basic Exchange Telecommunications Radio ServiceBeV Billion electron Volts (power)BEX Broadband ExchangeBEZS Bandwidth Efficient Zero SuppressionBFI Bad Frame Indicator (GSM)BFICC British Facsimile Industry Consultative CommitteeBFL Buffered FET Logic (digital electronics)BFN Beam-Forming Network (microwave)BFO Beat-Frequency Oscillator (electronics)BFOC Bayonet Fiber Optic ConnectorBFOG Brillouin Fiber Optic Gyroscope


B b & 35

B

BFSK Binary FSK (modulation)BFSL Best-Fit Straight Line (error measurement)BFT 1. Binary File Transfer (computer)

2. Batch File Transmission (computer)BG 1. Basic Group

2. Board of Governors (Intelsat)BG/BARC BG Budget and Account Review Committee (Intelsat)BG/P BG Planning committee (Intelsat)BG/T BG Technical committee (Intelsat)BGA Ball-Grid Array (microchips)BGAN Broadband Global Area Network (Inmarsat)BGE-I ISDN Business Group ElementsBGID Business Group ID (ISDN)BGMP Border Gateway Multicast ProtocolBGND BackgroundBGP Border Gateway Protocol (routing)BGP4 Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (router)BH Bandwidth HogBHC Backbone to Horizontal Cross-connectBHCA Busy Hour Call Attempts (GSM)BHCC Busy Hour Call Completion (GSM)BHCR Busy Hour Call RateBHLI Broadband High-Layer Information (ATM)BHM Busy Hour MinutesBHMC Busy Hour Minutes of CapacityBi-directional Radiating or sensitive to two directionsBIA Burned In Address (LANs)BIB 1. Backward Indicator Bit (SS7)

2. British Interactive BroadcastingBIBO Bounded Input, Bounded OutputBIC Barring of Incoming Calls (GSM supplementary

service)BIC-Roam Barring of Incoming Calls while Roaming (GSM

service)BICC Bearer Independent Call ControlBICI Broadband Inter-Carrier InterfaceBiCMOS Bipolar CMOS (semiconductors)BICSI Building Industry Consulting Service International

(standards)BID Bridge Identification CodeBIDDS Base Information Digital Distribution System (military)BiDi bi-directional (transmission)BIDOPS Bi-Doppler Scoring (military)



BIDS Broadband Infrastructure for Digital TV andmultimedia Services

BIE Base station Interface EquipmentBiFET Bipolar FET (semiconductors)BIFODEL Binary Fiber-Optic Delay LineBIG Broadband Integrated GatewayBIGA Bus Interface Gate Array (microchips)BIH Bureau International del’HeureBII Base Information Infrastructure.bin Name extension for files encoded with Mac Binary

(computer)BINAC Binary Automatic Computer projectBIND Berkley Internet Name Daemon (Novell NetWare)BIOD Bell Integrated Optical DeviceBIOS Basic Input Output System (computer)BIP 1. Bit Interleaved Parity (data encoding)

2. Billing Interconnection Percentage3. Band Interleaved by Pixel (remote sensing)

BIP-8 Bit Interleaved Parity 8 (data encoding)BIP-N Bit Interleaved Parity N (data encoding)BIP-RZ Bipolar-Return to Zero level (data encoding)BIF-L Biphase-Level (data encoding)BIS 1. Business Information System

2. Border Intermediate System3. Broadband Interactive System

BISDN Broadband ISDNBISSI Broadband Inter Switching System InterfaceBIST Built-in Self-test (operation)BISYNC Binary Synchronous Control (protocol)bit binary digitbit/s bits per secondBIT Built-In TestBITBLT BIT Block Transfer (Microsoft Windows)BITE 1. Backward Interworking Telephony Event

2. Built-in Test EquipmentBITNet Because It’s Time Network (WANs)BITNIC BITNet Network Information CenterBITS 1. Base Information Transport System (U.S. Air force)

2. Building Integrated Timing Supply (clock)BITT BIT TransparentBIU 1. Basic Information Unit (IBM SNA)

2. Bus-Interface UnitBIX Byte Information Exchange (Byte magazine)BJT Bipolar Junction Transistor (semiconductors)


B b & 37

B

BK break (Morse code transmissions)BL 1. Business Line

2. Bit LineBLAM Binary Logarithmic Access MethodBLAS Basic Linear-Algebra Subprogram (software)BLEC 1. Broadband Local Exchange Carrier

2. Building Local Exchange CarrierBLER Block Error RateBLERT Block Error Rate Test/Tester (data transmission)BLES Broadband Loop Emulation ServicesBLF Busy Lamp FieldBLIP Bluetooth’s Local Information Points (bluetooth)BLISS Broadband Lightwave Source SystemBLOB Binary Large Objects (data type)BLOS Beyond Line-of-Sight (microwave)BLP Block Loss Probability (transmission)BLR 1. Branch Level Revenue

2. Block Loss Ratio (transmission)BLSR Bidirectional Line-Switched RingBLT Block Line TransferBLU Basic Link UnitBM 1. Balanced Modulator

2. Buffer Memory3. Burst Modem

BMC 1. Business Management Computer2. Broadband Management Controller

BMEC Batelco Middle East Company (Bahrain)BMEWS Ballistic Missile Early Warning SystemBMIGRATE A program used to migrate from Banyan VINES

operating system to Novell Netware 4.1 (networking)BMLC Basic Mode Link Control (OSI model)BMMG British Minicomputer Manufacturing Group.bmp Name extension for bitmap format files (graphics)BMP Basic Multilingual PlaneBMR 1. Bit Mis-delivery Ratio (transmission)

2. Block Mis-delivery Ratio (transmission)BMTI Block Mode Terminal InterfaceBN 1. Bridge Number

2. Border Node3. Background Noise

BNA 1. Burroughs Network Architecture2. Billing Name and Address

BNAP Broadband Network Access Point (British Telecom)BNC 1. British Naval Connector (cables)



2. Bayonet-coupling Navy Connector3. Bayonet-coupling Nut Connector

BNCC Base Network Control CenterBNR Bell-Northern Research (Northern Telecom)BNSC British National Space Centre (England)BNT Broadband Network TerminationBO Back-OffBOB Break-Out Box testing device (transmission)BOC 1. Bell Operating Company

2. Business Office CodeBOE Buffer Overflow ErrorBOF Business Operations Framework (wireless)BOFH Bastard Operator From Hell (network language)BOIC Barring of Outgoing International Calls (GSM service)BOIC-exHC BOIC except the Home Country (GSM service)BOL Beginning of LifeBOLT Broadband Optical Line TerminationBOM 1. Beginning of Message (ATM)

2. Bill of Materials (contracts)3. Basic Operations Monitor

BONAPARTE Broadband Optical Network using ATM PON Accessfacilities in Realistic Telecommunications Environment

BONDING Bandwidth On Demand Interoperability GroupBONT Broadband Optical Network TerminationBootP Bootstrap Protocol (TCP/IP)BOP 1. Bit-Oriented Protocol

2. Biocomputing Office Protocol3. Beginning of Packet

BOS Bill Output SpecificationsBOSS Billing and Order Support Systembot robotBOT Build, Operate, and Transfer (GSM contracts)BP 1. Band-Pass

2. By-Pass3. Base Pointer4. Beam Position5. Block Pair (telephone wire)

BP14 Body Part 14BPAD Bisynchronous Packet Assembler/DisassemblerBPCS Broadband Personal Communications StandardsBPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit (ATM)BPF Band-Pass FilterBpi Bytes per inch (recording surface)BPM Beam Position Monitor


B b & 39

B

BPON Broadband Passive Optical Networkbpp bits per pixel (digital images)BPP Brokered Private Peering (industry plan)BPR Business Process Reengineeringbps bits per secondBPS 1. By-Pass

2. B-Channel Packet-SwitchedBPSK Binary PSK (modulation)BPU Boundary Processing UnitBPV Bipolar Violation (data encoding)BQM Business Quality MessagingBQOS Business Quality of ServiceBR 1. Beacon Receiver

2. Bureau of Radiocommunications3. Back-Reflection4. Bit Rate

BRA Basic Rate Access (ISDN)BRADS Bell Rating Administrative Data System (Telcordia

Technologies)BRC Bus Repeater CardBRCS Business and Residence Customer ServiceBRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function

(remote sensing)BREW Binary Run-time Environment for Wireless (Qualcom)BRF Band-Rejection FilterBrg bridge (circuits)BRI 1. Basic Rate Interface (ISDN)

2. Basic Rate ISDN (service)BRIDS Bellcore Rating Input Database SystemBRISC Bell-Northern Research Reduced Instruction Set

ComputingBRL Balance Return LossBRM Bus Repeater ModuleBRS 1. Buried Ridge Stripe

2. Big Red Switch (computer)BRTC Bus Repeater Terminating CardBRTM Bus Repeater Terminating ModuleBS 1. Back-Space (character control code)

2. Base Station3. Bearer Service (ISDN)4. Beam Splitter5. Back Scatter6. Broadcasting Service (ITU-T)

BSA 1. Basic Switching Arrangement



2. Basic Serving Arrangement (OSI model)BSAC Bit-Sliced Arithmetic CodingBSACE Billing System ACEBSAM Basic Sequential Access MethodBSC 1. Binary Synchronous Communications (protocol)

2. Binary Symmetric Channel3. Base Station Controller (GSM)

BSCC Bell South Cellular CorporationBSD UNIX Berkeley Software Distribution UNIXBSDL Boundary-Scan Description Language (software)BSE 1. Broadcasting Satellite Experiment ( Japan)

2. Back-Scattered Electrons3. Basic Switching Element (networking)4. Basic Service Element (voice processing)

BSF Band Stop Filter (electronics)BSFOCS Black Sea Fiber Optic Cable System (cable consortium)BSFT Byte Stream File TransferBSGL Branch Systems General License (British)BSHR Bidirectional Self-Healing RingBSI British Standards Institution (U.K.)BSIC Base Station Identity Code (GSM)BSIS Branch Sales Information SystemBskyB British Sky Broadcasting (TV broadcaster)BSL British Sign Language (programming)BSMS Broadcast Short Message Service (GSM)BSMTP Batch Simple Mail-Transfer ProtocolBSN Backward Sequence Number (GSM)BSO Bit Synchronous Operation (SONET)BSOC Battery State-of-ChargeBSOD Black Screen of Death (windows error message)BSP 1. Bell System Practice

2. Byte Stream ProtocolBSQ Band Sequential (remote sensing)BSR 1. Bit Scan Rate

2. Bit Scan ReverseBSRF Bell System Reference FrequencyBSS 1. Broadcast Satellite Services (ITU)

2. Boeing Satellite Systems3. Base Station Subsystem (GSM)4. Broadband Switching System5. Business Support System6. Basic Synchronized Set (OSI model)

BSSAP Base Station Subsystem Application Part (GSM)BSSMAP Base Station SubsystemMobile Application Part (GSM)


B b & 41

B

BSTCE Base Station Terminal Control ElementBSU 1. Beam Steering Unit

2. Burst Synchronization UnitBSVC Broadcast-Switched Virtual ConnectionsBT 1. British Telecom (company)

2. Base Transceiver (GSM)3. Burst Tolerance (ATM)4. Bit Time5. Television Broadcasting service (ITU-T)

BTA 1. Basic Trading Area (cellular networks)2. Broadband Telecommunications Architecture3. Broadband Terminal Adapter4. Business Technology Association (standardorganization)

BTag Beginning Tag (ATM)BTAM Basic Telecommunications Access Method (IBM)BTB Book-To-Bill (ratio)BTBT Band-To-Band TunnelingBTE 1. Boltzmann Transport Equation

2. Broadband Terminal EquipmentBTI British Telecom InternationalBTL 1. Bell Telephone Laboratories

2. British Telecommunications Laboratories3. Backplane Transceiver Logic (electronics)4. Bipolar Transistor Logic

BTM Broadband Transport ManagerBTMU Bit Transport Master UnitBTN Billing Telephone NumberBTO 1. Built To Order (PC makers)

2. Bandwidth Trading Organization3. Bombing Through Overcast (military)

BT British TelecomBTP Burst Time PlanBTR 1. Bit Timing Recovery

2. Block Transfer Rate3. British Telecom Requirement

BTRL British Telecom Research LaboratoriesBTS 1. Base Transceiver Station (GSM)

2. Bit Test and SetBTSM Base Transceiver Station Management (wireless)BTSO Bit Transport Slave OpticalBTU 1. Basic Transmission Unit

2. British Thermal UnitBTV Business Television



BU Baseband UnitBUFF bufferBUNI Broadband User Network InterfaceBURBON Broadband Urban Rural-Based Open NetworksBUS Broadcast and Unknown ServerBVA Billing Validation Application database (AT&T)BVR Beyond Visual RangeBVS Billing Validation Service (AT&T)BW bandwidth (parameter)BWA 1. Broadband Wireless Access

2. Backward-Wave Amplifier (electronics)BWF Broadcast Wave FormatBWFN Beam Width, First Nulls (antennas)BWG Beam Wave-Guide (antenna)BWM BandWidth Management SystemBWO Backward-Wave Oscillator (electronics)Byte Binary TermBZT Bundesamt fur Zulassungen in der Telecommunikation

(German)


B b & 43

B

C c

c 1. Symbol for prefix centi-, denoting one-hundredthor 10K2

2. Symbol for character3. Symbol for cycle4. Symbol for a constant value (mathematics)

cc cubic centimeterC/I Ratio Carrier-to-Interference Ratioc/in characters per inchc/s 1. characters per second

2. cycles per secondC 1. Symbol for Capacitor or Capacitance (electronics)

2. Symbol for Coulomb (unit of electric charge)3. Symbol for Collector (transistor circuit diagrams)4. Symbol for Celsius (temperature unit)5. Symbol for speed of light in a vacuum6. A programming language

C&C 1. Computer and Communications2. Command and Control

C&D Control and DisplayC&DH Control and Data Handling (Intelsat)C&IT Communications and Information Technology (same

as ICT)C&W Cable and Wireless

AU5866—CHAPTER C—C—12/7/2007—11:19—GANESHV—274405—XML MODEL E – pp. 45–76

C

45

CK Symbol for negative terminal of a C battery orvoltage source

CC Symbol for positive terminal of a C battery orvoltage source

CCC An extension of C programming languageC-AFM Calibrated Atomic Force MicroscopeC-band Radio frequency band ranging from 4 to 6 GHzC-channel Circuit-mode channelC-DTE Character mode DTE (computer)c-HTML Compact HTMLC-Net Coaxial NetworkC-To-L C-band to L-bandC/A Clear and Acquisition Code (GPS)C/DTAC Customer Disability Telecommunications Advisory

CommitteeC/I Carrier-to-Interference power (ratio)C/IM3 Carrier-to-3rd Order Inter modulation Ratio (Intelsat)C/IMo Carrier-to-Inter modulation noise density ratio

(Intelsat)C/Io Carrier-to-Interference power spectral density ratio

(Intelsat)C/M Carrier-to-Multipath power (ratio)C/N Carrier-to-Noise power (ratio)C/No Carrier-to-Noise power spectral density (ratio)C/R Command Response (frame relay)C/S Call Sign (navigation)C/T Carrier-to-noise Temperature (ratio)C2 Command and Control system (military)C2B Consumer-to-Business (e-commerce)C2C Consumer-to-Consumer (e-commerce)C2G Consumer-to-Government (e-commerce)C2L Close Complementary Logic (digital electronics)C3 Command, Control, and Communications system

(military)C3L Complementary Constant-Current Logic (digital

electronics)C3Po Cisco 3 Port switchC4 Command, Control, Communications, and ComputersC4I Command, Control, Computer, Communications, and

IntelligenceC7 The European version of SS7C64 Commodore 64CA 1. Communication Agent

2. Conditional Access



3. Call Appearance4. Cell Allocation (GSM)5. Certificate Authority (digital certificate)

CAA 1. Civil Aviation Administration or Authority2. Computer-Assisted Assessment (ICT)3. Collinear Antenna Array

CAAGR Compound Annual Average Growth RateCaAs Cadmium–Arsenide (semiconductors).cab Name extension for cabinet files (computer)CAB Canadian Association of BroadcastersCableLabs Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. (standards

organization)CABS Carrier Access Billing SystemCABS BOS CABS-Billing Output SpecificationsCAC 1. Customer Administration Center

2. Carrier Access Code3. Call Admission Control (ATM)4. Connection Address Control

CACH Call Appearance Call Handling (ISDN)CACM Communications of the Association for Computing

MachineryCACS Centralized Alarm Control SystemCAD 1. Computer-Aided Design (ICT)

2. Computer-Aided Drafting (ICT)3. Computer-Aided Dispatching (ICT)

CAD/CAM Computer-Aided Design /Computer-AidedManufacturing (ICT)

CADA Computer-Aided Design and Analysis (ICT)CADB Calling Area Database (MCI)CADC Control And Display Console (Intelsat)CADD Computer-Aided Design and Development (ICT)CADS 1. Code Abuse Detection System

2. Computer Abuse Detection SystemCAE 1. Computer-Aided Engineering (ICT)

2. Common Applications Environment (ICT)CAFA Computer-Aided Financial AnalysisCAG 1. Customer Activation Group (Inmarsat)

2. Conditional Access Gateway3. Computer-Aided Graphics (ICT)

CAGR Cumulative Annual Growth Rate (finance)

CAI 1. Computer-Aided Instruction (ICT)2. Common Air Interface (GSM)3. Configuration and Alarm Interface


C c & 47

C

CAIS Conditional Access Interface Servercal calorie (unit of heat)CAL 1. CAN Application Layer

2. Computer-Aided Learning (e-learning)3. Computer-Assisted Learning (e-learning)

CALC Customer Access Line ChargeCALEA Communications Assistance to Law Enforcement ActCALLUM Combined Analog Locked-Loop Universal ModulatorCALNet California NetworkCALS 1. Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support (EDI)

2. Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support(EDI)

CALSCH Calendaring and Scheduling working group ofthe IETF

CAM 1. Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICT)2. Computer-Assisted Makeup (ICT)3. Carrier Module4. Controlled Attachment Module (LANs)5. Content-Addressable Memory6. Conditional Access Module (TV viewing card)7. Call Accounting Manager8. Call Application Manager

CAMA Centralized Automatic Message AccountingCAMA-ONI CAMA-Operator Number IdentificationCAMA/LAMA CAMA Logical Automatic Message AccountingCAMAC Computer-Aided Measurement And Control (ICT)CAMEL Customized Application forMobile network Enhanced

LogicCAMP Channel AmplifierCAMC Conditional Access Management Center (television)CAN 1. Control Area Network

2. Controller Area Network3. cancel (character control code)

CanISDN Canadian ISDNCAO Computer-Assisted Ordering (ICT)CAP 1. Competitive-Access Provider

2. Client Access Protocol3. Carrierless Amplitude and Phase modulation4. Cellular Array Processor (Fujitsu)5. Conditional Access Packet (EMM)6. CAMEL Application Part

CAPC Competitive Access Provider Capacity (transmissionspeed)

Capex Capital expenditures



CAPI 1. Cryptography Application Program Interface2. Common-ISDN API

CAPIMS Conditional Access Program Information ManagementSystem

CAPP Computer-Aide Process Planning (ICT)Caps 1. Call Attempts Per Second

2. Capital letters (keyboard)CAPS 1. Code Abuse Prevention System

2. Competitive Access Providers (telephone network)CAPTAIN Character And Pattern Telephone Access Information

NetworkCAPWIRE Capitol Wireless Inc. (company)CAR Computer-Aided Retrieval (ICT)CARAB Canadian Amateur Radio Advisory BoardCARE Customer Account Record ExchangeCARE/ISI CARE Industry Standard InterfaceCAROT Centralized Automatic Reporting On Trunks (test &

maintenance)CARP Cache Array Routing ProtocolCARS Cable Television Relay ServiceCAS 1. Channel Associated Signaling

2. Centralized Attendant Service3. Communications Applications Specification4. Conditional Access Segment (TV broadcasting)5. Collision Avoidance System (electronics)6. Column-Address Strobe (memory chip logic signal)

CASBAA Cable And Satellite Broadcasting Association of AsiaCASC Communications Air Support CenterCASE 1. Computer-Aided Software Engineering (ICT)

2. Computer-Assisted Software Engineering (ICT)3. Computer-Aided System Engineering (ICT)4. Computer-Assisted System Engineering (ICT)5. Common Application Service Elements

CAST 1. Computer-Aided Software Testing (ICT)2. Computer-Assisted Software Testing (ICT)

Cat category (cable standard)CAT 1. Computer-Aided Teaching (e-learning)

2. Computer-Aided Testing (ICT)3. Computerized Axial Tomography (medicine)4. Conditional Access Table5. Council for Access Technologies6. Communications Authority of Thailand7. Call Accounting Terminal (AT&T)8. Clear-Air Turbulence


C c & 49

C

CAT3 Category 3 UTP Cable (copper cables)CAT5 Category 5 UTP Cabling (copper cables)CATI Computer-Aided Telephone InterviewingCATLAS Centralized Automatic Trouble Locating and Analysis

SystemCATNIP Common Architecture for Next generation Internet

ProtocolCATS Consortium for Audiographics Teleconferencing

StandardsCATT 1. Controlled Avalanche Transit-time Triode

(semiconductors)2. China Academy of Telecommunications Technology

CATV 1. Community Antenna Television (broadcasting)2. Community Access Television3. Cable Television

CAU 1. Controlled Access Unit (LANs)2. Connection Arrangement Unit (Northern Telecom)

CAUS Conditional Access Uplink System (TV broadcasting)CAV Constant Angular Velocity (hard disks)CAVE 1. Cave Automatic Virtual Environment

2. Cellular Authentication and Voice EncryptionCB 1. Check Bits

2. Cell Broadcast (GSM)3. Compensation Buffer4. Citizens’ Band (radio service)

CB Radio Citizen’s Band RadioCBA 1. Could Be Anything (fault type)

2. Community Broadcasters Association (U.S.A.)CBAA Community Broadcasters Association of AustraliaCBAC Context-Based Access ControlCBC 1. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (company)

2. Cipher Block Chaining (data encryption)3. Cell Broadcast Center (GSM)4. China Broadcast Cybercast

CBCH Cell Broadcast Channel (GSM)CBCPS Conductor-Backed Co-Planar Stripline (microwave)CBCPW Conductor-Backed Co-Planar Waveguide (microwave)CBDS 1. Connectionless Broadband Data Service (ATM)

2. Common Basic Data SetCBEMA Computer and Business Equipment Manufacture

AssociationCBETS Communications and Broadcasting Engineering Test

Satellite



CBF 1. Computer-Based Fax2. Community Broadcasters Foundation Ltd. (Australia)

CBGA Ceramic Ball-Grid Array (microchips)CBH Component Busy HourCBI Color Burst Inversion (TV broadcasting)CBK Change BackCBL 1. Computer-Based Learning (e-learning)

2. Communications By LineCBM Commodore Business MachinesCBMS Computer-Based Managing System (ICT)CBO Continuous Bit OrientedCBP Coded Block Patterns (TV broadcasting)CBQ Class-Based QueuingCBR 1. Carrier and Bit Timing Recovery

2. Constant Bit Rate (ATM service)3. Committed Bit Rate (ATM service)4. Carson Bandwidth Rule

CBS 1. Certified Banyan Specialist (Banyan Systems)2. Columbia Broadcasting System3. Call Broadcast Services (GSM)4. Constant Bit rate Service

CBSC Canadian Broadcast Standards CouncilCBT 1. Computer-Based Training (e-learning)

2. Core-Based Trees (IP multicast)3. Cincinnati Bell Telephone company (U.S.A.)

CBTA Canadian Business Telecommunication AllianceCBTR Carrier and Bit Timing RecoveryCBUD “Call Before U Dig” (cabling)CBX Computerized Branch Exchange (IBM)CC 1. Call Control (GSM)

2. Carbon Copy (fax and e-mail)3. Courtesy Copy (e-mail)4. Cross Connect5. Country Code6. Company Code7. Constant Current

CCA 1. Carrier-Controlled Approach2. Circuit Card Assembly

CCAF Cluster Control Agent FunctionCCB 1. Common Carrier Bureau (FCC)

2. Cluster Control Bus3. Customer Care and Billing (GSM)

CCBM Came Clear By Magic (repair technique)


C c & 51

C

CCBS 1. Call Completion to Busy Subscriber2. Customer Care and Billing System

CCC 1. Clear Channel Capability (data transmission)2. Clear Coded Channel3. Center for Corporate Communications4. Call Control Character (telephony)5. Command and Control Center6. Customer Care Center (Inmarsat)7. Credit Card Call8. Communications Competition Coalition

CCCH Common Control Channel (GSM)CCCP Committee on Computer-to-Computer

Communications ProtocolCCD Charge-Coupled Device (semiconductors)CCDA Cisco Certified Design Associate (Cisco)CCDN Corporate Consolidated Data NetworkCCDP Cisco Certified Design Professional (Cisco)CCE Call Carrying EquipmentCCEB Combined Communications–Electronics BoardCCF 1. Cluster Control Function

2. Consumer Consultative ForumCCFL Cold-Cathode Fluorescent LampCCG Control Clock GeneratorCCH Connections per Circuit-HourCCI 1. Co-Channel Interference

2. Common Client Interface (Windows)CCIA Computer and Communications Industry AssociationCCIE Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (Cisco)CCIR 1. Comite Consultatif des International

Radiocommunications2. Center for Communication Interface Research

CCIRN Coordinating Committee for International ResearchNetworks

CCIS 1. Common-Channel Interoffice Signaling2. Control Command Information System

CCITT 1. Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique etTelephonique2. Consultative Committee on International Telegraphyand Telephony (now ITU)

CCK Complementary Code Keying (modulation)CCL 1. Configuration Control Link

2. Carrier Common Line (charge)CCM 1. Cross Connection Management

2. Counter-Counter Measure (electronics)



C3CM Command, Control, and CommunicationsCountermeasures

CCMA Call Center Management Association (U.K.)CCMT Computer-Controlled Microwave Tuner (microwave)CCNA 1. Cisco Certified Network Associate (Cisco)

2. Customer’s Carrier Name AbbreviationCCNE Cisco-Certified Network Engineer (Cisco)CCNP Cisco-Certified Network Professional (Cisco)CCNR Call Completion on No ReplyccNUMA cache-coherent Non-Uniform Memory Access

(computer)CCP 1. Cluster Control Processor

2. Compression Control Protocol3. Certificate of Computer Programming

CCPCH Common Control Physical ChannelCCPR Co-Channel Power Ratio (microwave)CCR 1. Carrier and Clock Recovery

2. Current Call Rate (ATM)3. Customer Control Routing

CCS 1. Common Channel Signaling (ISDN)2. Clear Confirmation Signal (data communications)3. Common Communication Support (protocol)4. Centi Call Second

CCS7 Common Channel Signaling No. 7CCSA 1. Common Control Switching Arrangement (AT&T)

2. China Communication Standards AssociationCCSD Command Communications Service DesignatorCCSDS Consultative Committee for Space Data SystemsCCSL Compatible Current-Sinking Logic (digital

electronics)CCSN Common Channel Signaling NetworkCCT 1. Continuity Check Tone

2. Computer Compatible Tape3. Consultative Committee of Telecommunications4. Calling Card Table

CCTA Central Computer and Telecommunications AgencyCCTV Closed-Circuit Television (system)CCU 1. Cluster Control Unit

2. Communication Control Unit (minicomputers)3. Camera Control Unit

CCV Credit Card Validation

CCW 1. Cable Cutoff Wavelength (fiber optics)2. counterclockwise


C c & 53

C

cd 1. change the current directory (MS DOS Command)2. candela (unit of luminous intensity)

cd/m2 candela per square meterCD 1. Compact Disk

2. Carrier Detect (modems)3. Collision Detection4. Campus Distributor (Campus backbone cable)5. Count Down6. Call Definition7. Cell Delineation (ATM)

CD-E Compact Disk ErasableCD-I Compact Disk InteractiveCD-R Compact Disk RecordableCD-R/E Compact Disk Recordable and ErasableCD-ROM Compact Disk Read-Only MemoryCD-ROM/XA CD-ROM Extended ArchitectureCD-RW Compact Disk Re-writable (computer)CD-V Compact Disk VideoCD-WO Compact Disk Write OnceCDA 1. Communications Decency Act

2. Call Duration AdviceCDAR Customer Dialed Account RecordingCDAS Commanding and Data Acquisition Station (remote

sensing)CDB 1. Clock Distribution Board

2. Code Data Byte (software downloading)CDC 1. Control and Delay Channel

2. Customer Data Change3. Chromatic Dispersion Coefficient (fiber optics)4. Connected Device Configuration (J2ME)

CDCA Continuous Dynamic Channel AllocationCDCS Continuous Dynamic Channel SelectionCDDI Copper Distributed-Data Interface (cable)CDE 1. Common Desktop Environment (UNIX)

2. Custom Design EngineeringCDEV Control panel Device (Apple Macintosh)CDF 1. Cutoff Decrease Factor (ATM)

2. Combined Distribution Frame3. Cumulative Distribution Function4. Channel Definition Format (Internet)

CDFP Centrex Data Facility PoolingCDFS Compact Disk File System (CD-ROM drives)CDG CDMA Development Group (U.S. standards

organization)



CDI 1. Clock Distribution Interface2. Compact Disk Interactive

CDL Coded Digital LocatorCDLC Cellular Data Link Control (protocol)CDLRD Confirming Design Layout Report DateCDM 1. Conditioned Diphase Modulation

2. China Digital Media (pay TV operator)3. Code-Division Multiplexing

CDMA Code-Division Multiple Access (cellular networks)CDMA 1X The first generation of CDMA-2000CDMA 1X EV DO The Evolved Data Only first generation of

CDMA-2000 (GSM)CDMA-2000 Code-Division Multiple Access 2000 (3rd Generation)CDMA20001x RTT Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 1x

(single-carrier) Radio Transmission TechnologyCDMA one The First commercial CDMA cellular systemCDMP Cellular Digital Messaging ProtocolCDN 1. Control Directory Number

2. Content Data Network3. Content Delivery Network

CDO Community Dial Office (switching system)CDP 1. Cisco Discovery Protocol (Cisco)

2. Customized Dial Plan3. Certificate of Data Processing

CDPA Capture Division Packet Access (cellular networks)CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data (cellular networks)CDPDF Cellular Digital Packet Data ForumCDPSK Coherent Differential PSK (modulation).cdr Name extension for CorelDRAW format files (graphics)CDR 1. Call Data Record

2. Call Detail Record (cellular networks)3. Call Drop Rate (GSM)4. Critical Design Review5. Clock/Data Recovery (LANs)6. Complete Document Recognition

CDRAM Cache Dynamic RAM (memory)CdS Cadmium Sulfide (semiconductors)CDS 1. Circuit Data Services

2. Chromatic Dispersion Slope (optical fibers)CDSA Common Data Security ArchitectureCDSL Consumer DSL (access)CDT 1. Credit allocation (packet Switching)

2. Center for Democracy and Technology


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3. Control Data Terminal4. Code Download Table (software downloading)

CDTAC Consumer/Disabilities Telecommunications AdvisoryCommittee

CDTV Comodore Dynamic Total VisionCDU Central Display UnitCDV 1. Call Delay Variation (ATM)

2. Compressed Digital Video3. Compact Disk Video

CDVCC Coded Digital Verification Color CodeCDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance (ATM)CE 1. Connection Endpoint (ATM)

2. Circuit Emulation3. Chip Enable (electronics)

C/E Buffer Compression and Expansion BufferCeBIT Centrum Buero Information Telekommunikation

(Germany)CEBus Consumer Electronics BusCEC 1. Commission of the European Communities

2. China Electric Company3. Canadian Electric Code

CECL Cascade Emitter-Coupled Logic (digital electronics)CED Capacitance Electric DiskCEDAR Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and

RecognitionCEDT Called Equipment Identification ToneCEG Canterbury Electronics Group (New Zealand)CEI 1. Connection Endpoint Identification (ATM)

2. Comparable Efficient InterfaceCEIR Central Equipment Identity RegisterCEKS Centrex Electronic Key Setcelliquette Social etiquette for using cellphonesCELP Code Excited Linear Prediction (voice coding)cellphone cellular telephoneCEM Centro Esercizio de Manufenzione (Italy)CEMA Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association

(standards)CEMF Counter Electromotive ForceCEMH Controlled Environment Man-HoleCEN Comite European de Normalisation (Belgium

standards)CENELEC Comite European pour la Normalisation en

ElectrotechniqueCEO Chief Executive Officer (of companies)



CEOS Committee On Earth Observation Satellite (remotesensing)

CEOS-IDN CEOS International Directory Network (remotesensing)

CEP Circular Error Probability (transmission)CEPS Color Electronic Prepress SystemCEPT Conference of European Postal and

TelecommunicationsCER Cell Error Ratio (ATM)CERB Centralized Emergency Reporting Bureau (Canada)CERDIP Ceramic Dual Inline Package (microchips)CERFnet California Education and Research Federation

NetworkCERMET Ceramic Metal (element)CERN Centre European des Recherche Nucleaire

(Switzerland)CERPACK Ceramic Package (microchips)CERT Computer Emergency Response Team (organization)CES 1. Coast Earth Station (Inmarsat)

2. Circuit Emulation Switching (ATM)CESA Cyberspace Electronic Security Act (U.S.A.)CESID Caller Emergency Service IDCEST Center for the Exploitation of Science and TechnologyCETIS Center for Educational Technology Interoperability

StandardsCEU Commercial End User (DSL)CEV Controlled Environmental Vault (room)CF 1. Call Forwarding (GSM)

2. Compact Flash (memory)3. Center Frequency4. Critical Frequency (propagation)

CFC Compact Flash Plus (memory)CFA 1. Carrier Failure Alarm (transmission)

2. Commercial Frame Agreement (Inmarsat)3. Carrier Facility Assignment4. Connecting Facility Assignment5. Connecting Facility Arrangement6. Consumer Federation of America7. Compact Flash Association8. Cross-Field Amplifier (microwave)

CFAC Call Forward All CallsCFAMN Call Forwarding Address Modified NotificationCFAR Constant False-Alarm Rate (radar)


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CFB Call Forwarding on Mobile Subscriber Busy (GSMservice)

CFC Current-to-Frequency ConverterCFCA Communications Fraud Control Association (U.S.A.)CFDA Call Forward Don’t AnswerCFDAMA Combined Free/Demand Assignment Multiple AccessCFE Contractor-Furnished EquipmentCFF 1. Coded File Format

2. Critical Fusion FrequencyCFGDA Call Forward Group Don’t AnswerCFM 1. Companded Frequency Modulation

2. Carrier Financial Management3. Cubic Feet per Minute (PC fans)

CFNRe Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber Not Reachable(GSM)

CFNRy Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber No Reply(GSM service)

CFO Chief Financial OfficerCFP Channel Frame ProcessorCFR 1. Confirmation to Receive frame

2. Code of Federal RegulationsCFRA Combined Fixed/Reservation AssignmentCFS Call Forwarding SystemCFSK Coherent FSK (modulation)CFU Call Forwarding Unconditional (GSM supplementary

service)CFV Call For Votes (Usenet newsgroup)CFW Call ForwardCG Character GeneratorCGA 1. Carrier Group Alarm

2. Color Graphics Adapter (320!200 pixel monitors)CGI 1. Common Gateway Interface (Internet)

2. Computer Graphics Interface3. Cell Global Identification (GSM)

CGI-bin Common Gateway Interface-binariesCGISS Commercial Government and Industrial Solutions

Sector.cgm Name extension for Computer Graphics format filesCGM Computer Graphics Metafile (format)CGMP Cisco Group Multicast ProtocolCGS unit Centimeter-Gram-Second unit (parameter)CGSA Cellular Geographic Service Area (cellular networks)CGW Customer GatewayCh channel



CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol(security)

CHEST Combined Higher Education Software Team(e-learning)

CHI Concentration Highway Interface (ISDN)CHINT Charge-Injected Transistor (semiconductors)CHKDSK Check Disk (DOS command)CHRP Common Hardware Reference PlatformCHS Cylinder-Head Sector (PC hard drive)CHTML Compact HTML (programming)Ci Curie (unit of radioactivity)CI 1. Clear Indication

2. Cell Identity (GSM)3. Congestion Indicator (ATM)4. Certified Integrator5. Customer Interface

CIAC Computer Incident Advisory CapabilityCIAJ Communications Industry Association of JapanCIAS Circuit Inventory and Analysis SystemCIB Compliance & Information Bureau (FCC)CIBER Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange Roamer Record

(GSM)CIC 1. Customer Interface Configuration

2. Carrier Identification Code3. Circuit Identification Code (SS7)4. Content Indicator Code5. China Institute of Communications

CICS Customer Information Control System (IBM)CID 1. Customer Identity (British term)

2. Caller ID (telephony service)3. Circuit Designator4. Charge-Injection Device (semiconductors)5. Consecutive Identical Digits

CIDB Calling line Identification Delivery Blocking (feature)CIDCW CID on Call Waiting (telephony service)CIDIN Common ICAO Data Interchange NetworkCIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing (method)CiDSL Consumer-installable DSL (access)CIE 1. Commercial Internet Exchange

2. Computer-Integrated Engineering (ICT)CIF 1. Cells In Frame (ATM)

2. Cells In Flight (ATM)3. Common Intermediate Format (video compression)4. Common Interchange Format


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CIF-AD Cells In Frames-Attachment Device (ATM)CIFAX Ciphered FacsimileCIFS Common Internet File SystemCIGOS Canadian Interest Group on Open SystemsCIGRR Common Interest Group on Rating and RoutingCIID Card Issuer Identifier CodeCIIG Canadian ISDN Interest GroupCIK Cryptographic Ignition KeyCIM 1. Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (ICT)

2. Computer-Input Microfilm3. Common Information Model (networkmanagement)4. Customer Information Manager (MCI)5. Corporate Information Management

CIO Chief Information Officer (ICT)CIP 1. Certified Internet Professional

2. Carrier Identification Parameter (ATM)3. Computer Interface Program4. Channel Interface Processor (Cisco)

CIPA Children’s Internet Protection ActCIPHONY Ciphered telephonyCIPS Canadian Information Processing SocietyCIR 1. Current Instruction Register (CPU)

2. Committed Information Rate (frame relay)3. Committed Information Range (ATM)4. Communications Industry Researchers (company)5. Carrier to Interference Ratio6. Computer Integrated Railroading (ICT)

CIRA Canadian Internet Registration AuthorityCIRF Co-channel Interference Reduction FactorCIS 1. Communications and Information Systems

2. Card Information Structure (memory card)CISA China Information Service AssociationCISC 1. Complex-Instruction-Set Computer (processor

chips)2. Customer Information Control System (software)

CISCC Collocation Interconnection Service Cross ConnectionCisco Computer Information Systems CompanyCISE Computer and Information Science and Engineering

(U.S.A.)CISPR Comite International Special des Perturbations

RadioelectriquesCIT 1. Communications and Information Technology

2. Computer Integrated Telephone



CITA Canadian Independent Telephone AssociationCITC Communications and Information Technology

CommissionCITEL Comision Inter-Americana de TelecommunicacionesCITR Canadian Institute for Telecommunications ResearchCITRIS Center for Information Technology Research in the

Interest of SocietyCITU Central IT Unit (United Kingdom)CIV Cell Inter-arrival Variation (ATM)CIVDL Collaboration for Interactive Visual Distance Learning

(e-learning)CIX Commercial Internet ExchangeCJC Canadian Journal of CommunicationCK Ciphering KeyCKL Circuit LocationCKR Circuit ReferenceCKSN Ciphering Key Sequence Number (GSM)CKT circuitCL Connectionless (mode)CLAMN Called Line Address Modification NotificationCLAS Centrex Line-Assignment ServiceCLASS Custom Local Area Signaling ServicesCLC 1. Communications Line Controller

2. Carrier Liaison CommitteeCLCC Ceramic Leaded-Chip Carrier (electronics)CLCI Common Language Circuit IdentificationCLD Competitive Long-Distance (carrier)CLDC Connected Limited Device Configuration ( J2ME)CLDLS Connectionless Data Link ServiceCLE 1. Common Logic Equipment

2. Customer Location EquipmentCLEC Competitive Local Exchange CarrierCLEI Common Language Equipment IdentifierCLEOS Conference of the Lasers and Electro-Optic SocietyCLI 1. Caller Line Identification (ISDN)

2. Command-Line Interface3. Cumulative Leakage Index (FCC)

CLIB C Language Interface Library (networking)CLID Calling Line Identification (GSM)CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation (GSM)CLIR Calling Line Identification Restriction (GSM)CLIS Calling Line Identification Signal (GSM)Clk clock (pulse)CLLI CommonLanguageLocation Identifier code (Telcordia)


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CLM Career Limiting MoveCLNP Connectionless Network Protocol (OSI model)CLNS Connectionless-mode Network Service (OSI model)CLP 1. Cell Loss Priority (ATM)

2. Certified Linux ProfessionalCLR 1. Cell Loss Ratio (ATM)

2. Connection Loudness Rating3. Circuit Layout Record (type of service)

CLS 1. Connectionless Server2. Control Line Setting3. Clear the current Screen (MS DOS Command)

CLSI Custom Large-Scale Integration (microchips)CLSP Competitive Local Service ProviderCLTP Connectionless Transport Protocol (OSI model)CLTS Connectionless Transport ServiceCLTU Command Link Transmission UnitCLUT Color Look-Up TableCLV Constant Linear Velocity (hard disks)cm centimetercm3 cubic centimeterCM 1. Configuration Management (wireless)

2. Connection Management (GSM)3. Connection Matrix (MUX)4. Computing Module5. Cable Modem

CMA Communications Managers Association (standardsorganization)

CMAC Control Mobile Attenuation CodeCMC 1. Common Messaging Calls

2. Comsat Mobile Communications3. Computer-Mediated Communications (ICT)4. Communications Management Configuration5. Customer Management Complex6. Connection Management Controller (ATM)

CMCI Cable Modem to CPE InterfaceCMD Command (computer)CMDR Command Reject (computer)CMDS Centralized Message Distribution SystemCMEA Cellular Message Encryption AlgorithmCMI 1. Computer-Managed Instruction (e-learning)

2. Coded-Mark Inversion (data encoding)3. Control Mode Idle

Cmil Circular mil (measure of sectional area of a wire)



CMIP Common Management Information Protocol(networking)

CMIS Common Management Information Service(networking)

CMISE Common Management Information Service Element(wireless)

CML 1. Current-Mode Logic (digital electronics)2. Customer Microcircuits Ltd (company)

CMOL CMIP Over Logical link controlCMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

(semiconductors)CMOS RAM Random Access Memory using CMOS technology

(memories)CMOS SOS Silicon-On-Sapphire combined with CMOS technologyCMOS SOS RAM A RAM memory using a combination of CMOS and

Silicon-On-Sapphire technologies (memories)CMOT CMIP Over TCP/IPCMP 1. Cluster Management Processor

2. Communications Management Processor3. Chip-level Multiprocessing

CMR 1. Cellular Mobile Radio2. Cell Misinsertion Rate (ATM)3. Common-Mode Rejection (amplifiers)

CMRF Combined Mode Resonator FilterCMRFI Cable Modem to Radio Frequency InterfaceCMRR Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (amplifiers)CMRS Commercial Mobile Radio Service (cellular networks)CMS 1. Cluster Management System

2. Content Management System3. Changeable Message Sign4. Call Management Services5. Color Management System (monitors)

CMS-8800 Cellular Mobile telephone Service (North America)CMS/MD Cluster Management System Mediation DeviceCMT Connectionless Mode TransmissionCMTRI CableModem Telco Return Interface (data over cable)CMTS 1. Cellular Mobile Telephone System

2. Cable Modem Termination SystemCMW Compartmented Mode Workstation (networking)CMY Cyan-Magneta-Yellow color model (computer

imaging)CMYK Cyan-Magneta-Yellow-black color model (computer

imaging)


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CN 1. Complementary Network2. Change Notice3. Control Network (ATM)

CNA 1. Certified Novell Administrator (Novell NetWare)2. Cooperative Network Architecture3. Customer Name and Address bureau

CNAE Customer Network Access EquipmentCNAM Caller ID with NameCNC 1. Central Node Controller

2. Computer Numerical Control (ICT)3. Computerized Numerical Control

CND 1. Calling Number Display2. Calling Number Delivery

CNE Certified Novell Engineer (Novell NetWare)CNEPA Certified Novell Engineer Professional Association

(Novell, Inc.)CNE Certified Novell Engineer (Novell NetWare)CNES Centre National D’Etudes Spatiales (French Space

Agency)CNET Centre National d’Etudes de Telecommunication

(France)CNF conferenceCNI Certified Novell Instructor (Novell NetWare)CNIP Calling Number Identification Presentation (wireless)CNIR Calling Number Identification Registration (wireless)CNIS 1. Calling Number Identification Service (wireless)

2. Channel Navigation Information ServiceCNIT Centro Nazionale Interuniversitario per

Telecomunicazioni (Italy)CNM 1. Customer Network Management (ATM)

2. Communications Network ManagementCNN Cable News Network (TV broadcaster)CNO Corporate Networking OfficerCNR 1. Complex Node Representation (ATM)

2. Customer is Not Ready3. Carrier-to-Noise power Ratio (transmission)

CNRI Corporation for National Research InitiativesCNS 1. Complementary Network Service

2. Communication Navigation Surveillance (aviation)CNSA China National Space AdministrationCNT Coaxial Network TerminationCNTL controlCNX Certified Network Expert



CO 1. Connection Oriented2. Central Office (DSL)

CO-LAN Central Office Local Area NetworkCOA Change Over Acknowledge (GSM message)COAI Cellular Operations Association of IndiaCOAM Customer Owned And Maintained telephone

equipmentsCOAT Coherent Optical Adaptive Technique (fiber optics)COB Close Of BusinessCOB Chip On BoardCoBAMs Consortium of Brick And Mortars (e-commerce)COBOL Common Business-Oriented Language (programming)COBRA A wrong spelling of CORBACOBRAS Cosmic Background Radiation Anisotropy SatelliteCOC Central Office ConnectionCOCOT Customer-Owned Coin-Operated TelephoneCOCUS Central Office Code Utilization SurveyCOD 1. Connection-Oriented Data (ATM)

2. Catastrophic Optical Damage (fiber optics)CODAN Carrier-Operated Device AntinoiseCODAR Correlation, Detection, And Ranging (submarine

detection)CODASYL Computer On Data Systems Languages (organization)Codec Coder/decoderCODLS Connection-Oriented Data Link ServiceCODS Connection-Oriented Data ServiceCOE 1. Central Office Equipment

2. Central Office EngineerCOER 1. Central Office Equipment Report (of a telephone

company)2. Center for Organizational Excellence Research(New Zealand)

COFA Change Of Frame AlignmentCOFDM Coded Orthogonal FDM (transmission)COFETEL Comision Federal de Telecomunicaciones (Mexico)COG Centralized Ordering GroupCOHO Coherent OscillatorCOLD Computer Output to Laser DiskCoLo Co-Location (servers)COLP Connected Line Identification Presentation (GSM

service)COLR Connected Line Identification Restriction (GSM

service)COLT Cellular On Light Truck


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.com The MS DOS name extension for executable programfiles

COM 1. serial communications port (computer)2. Component Object Model (MS ActiveX platform)3. Continuation Of Message (ATM)4. Common Object Model (ICT)5. Computer-Output Microfilm

COM port Communication port (computer)COM1 A communication port used for connecting a serial

mouseCOM2 A serial communication port used for connecting

a modemCOM3 A communication port used connecting other

peripheralsCOMB combinerComdex Computer Dealers Exposition (trade show)COMINT Communications IntelligenceCOMJAM Communications JammingCOMLOGNet Combat Logistic Network (military)comms communicationsCOMP Compare files or set of files (MS DOS Command)Compander Compressor-expanderCOMPSURF Comprehensive Surface Analysis (Novell program)CompTel Competitive Telecommunications Association

(U.S.A.)CompTIA Computing Technology Industry Association (U.S.A.)COMPUSEC Computer SecurityCOMS 1. Circuit Order Management System

2. Consortium forMultipurpose Satellite (South Korea)COMSAR Communications for Search And Rescue (IMO

sub-committee)Comsat Communications Satellite Corporation (U.S. operator)COMSEC Communications SecurityCON Circuit Order NumberCONNEX Connectivity ExchangeCONF configurationCONFIG configuration information (Novell NetWare utility)CONP Connection-Oriented Network Protocolcompander compressor and expanderCoNS Consortium for School NetworkingCONS Connection-Oriented Network Service (networking)CONTEL Continental Telecom Inc. (company)CONV converterCOO Change Over Order (GSM message)



Co-Pol Copolar (antennas)COP 1. Cable Organizer Panel

2. Certificate Of Proficiency (ship radio operator)COPOUS Committee On Peaceful Use of Outer Space (United

Nations)COPS 1. Common Open Policy Service (IETF protocol)

2. Common Operations Software (Bell Labs)COPT Coin-Operated Pay TelephoneCOPW Customer Owned Premises WireCOR Circuit Order RecordCORBA Common Object Request Broker ArchitectureCORE Council Of RegistrarsCoS Class of ServiceCOS 1. Connection Oriented Service

2. Compatible for Open Systems3. Corporation for Open Systems (organization)

COS/MOS Complementary SymmetryMetal-oxide SemiconductorCOSC Customer Operations Support Center (Boeing)COSE Common Open Software Environment (Unix)COSETI Columbus Optical SETICOSINE Cooperation for Open Systems Interconnection

Networking in EuropeCoSN Consortium for School NetworkingCOSName Class Of Service NameCOSPAS Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poiska Avariynich Sudov

(Russia)Space System for the Search of Vessels in Distress(Russia)

COT 1. Central Office Terminal/Termination2. Customer Originated Trace (feature)3. Customer Office Terminal

COTAR Correlated Orientation Tracking And Range (vehicletracking)

COTAT 1. Correlation Tracking And Triangulation (trajectories)2. Committee On Transportation AndTelecommunications

COTP Connection-Oriented Transaction ProtocolCOTS 1. Connection-Oriented Transport Service

2. Commercial Off-The-Shelf (military)3. Compact, Outdoor, Transportable, Single-site(Marconi)

COV Control Over Voice (Mitel’s protocol)COW 1. Cell site On Wheels

2. Character-Oriented Windows


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CP 1. Circular Polarization2. Control Point (networking)3. Connection Point4. Change Proposal (Inmarsat)5. Customer Premises6. Carrier Pulse

CP/M Control Program for MicrocomputersCPA 1. Co-Polarization Attenuation

2. Critical Path Analysis (ICT)3. Close Point of Approach (shipboard radar)4. Cost Per Action5. Center for Policy Alternatives (Internet)6. Computer Press Association7. Chip Protection Act8. Color Phase Alternation (television)

CPAF Customer Premises Access FacilityCPAS Cellular Priority Access ServiceCPB 1. Corporation for Public Broadcasting

2. Central Processing BoardCPC 1. Customer Port Controller

2. Calling Party Control3. Calling Party Connected

CPCI Compact Protocol Control InformationCPCN Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (FCC)CPCS Common Part Convergence Sublayer (ATM)CPD Call Processing DataCPDA Compression Priority Demand AssignmentCPDLC Controller-Pilot Data-Link Control (aviation)CPE 1. Customer Premises Equipment (networking)

2. Customer Provided Equipment (networking)CPFSK Continuous Phase FSK (modulation)CPGA Ceramic Pin-Grid Array (microchips)cpi characters per inchCPI 1. Common Part Indicator (ATM)

2. Common Programming Interface (computer)3. Common Physical Interface (ISDN)4. Computer to PBX Interface5. Cost Per Inquiry

CPL 1. Commercial Private Line2. Call Processing Language (programming)3. coupler

CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device (digitalelectronics)

cpm cycles per minute



CPM 1. Critical Path Method (project control)2. Customer Premise Management3. Cable Plant Management4. Communications Processor Module5. Continuous Phase Modulation

CPN 1. Calling Party Number2. Customer Premises Network3. Computer PBX Network

CPNI Customer Proprietary Network InformationCPODA Compression Priority Demand Assignment (protocol)CPP 1. Calling Party Pays (telephone call charge)

2. Cable Patch Panel (DEC)CPR Continuing Property Record (Telcordia Technologies)cps 1. characters per second (data transfer)

2. cycles per secondCPS 1. Cellular Priority Service

2. Call Progress Signal3. Cassette Preparation System (TV broadcasting)4. Co-Planar Stripline5. Cisco Powered Networks

CPSI Customer Premises Satellite InterfaceCPSK Coherent PSK (modulation)CPSR Computer Professionals for Social ResponsibilityCPSS Control Packet Switching SystemCPT 1. Call Progress Tone

2. “Carriage Paid To” (network language)CPU Central Processing Unit (computer)CPU-bound Computation-boundCPUG Call Pickup GroupCPW Co-Planar Waveguide (microwave)CQ General call to all stations (Morse code transmissions)CQFP Ceramic Quad Flat Pack (microchips)CR 1. “Carriage Return” (control character of printers)

2. Call Reference3. Call Register (telephone switch)4. Call Request5. Channel Reliability6. Connection Request7. Contrast Ratio (screens)8. Customer Record

CR-LDP Constraint-based Routed-Label Distribution Protocol(MPLS)

CRAFT Cooperative Research Action For TechnologyCRAG Cellular Radio Advisory Group


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CRATT Cryptographic Radio Teletype equipmentCRB Community Radio BroadcastersCRC 1. Cyclic Redundancy Check (data error detection)

2. Communications Research Center (Canada)3. Communications Regulation Commission (Bulgaria)

CRCS Continuous Rigid Cable SupportCRD 1. Cluster Reconciliation Descriptor

2. Contention Resolution DeviceCREAM Cosmic Radiation Effects and Activation Monitors

(microwave)CREDFACS Conduit, Risers, Equipment space,Ducts, and FacilitiesCREG Concentrated Range Extension with GainCREN Corporation for Research and Educational Networking

(ICT)CRF 1. Connection-Related Function (ATM)

2. Cell Relay Function (ATM)CRIS Customer Record Information SystemCRISP CAP Real-time ITIP-Based Scheduling ProfileCRITO Center for Research on Information Technology and

Organizations (U.S.A.)CRITCOM Critical Itelligence CommunicationsCRM 1. Call Record Management

2. Customer Relationship Management (ICT)3. Cell Rate Margin (ATM)

CRMAP Cyclic Reservation Multiple Access ProtocolCRO 1. Complete with Related Order

2. Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope (test instrument)CROM Control and Read-Only MemoryCRP 1. Capacity Reserve Pool

2. Cabling Reference Panel3. Command Repeat

CRS 1. Coast Radio Station2. Cell Relay Service (ATM)

CRST Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe (telephone authority)CRT Cathode-Ray Tube (displays)CRTC Canadian Radio Television and Telecommunications

CommissionCRTSSDA Cascaded Reactively Terminated Single-Stage

Distributed AmplifierCRV Call Reference Value (number)Cryosar Cryogenic Switching by Avalanche and

RecombinationCS 1. Cluster Startup

2. Cell Selection



3. Chip Select (electronics)4. Control Strobe (logic signal)5. Convergence Sublayer (B-ISDN and ATM)6. Communication Satellite (broadcasting)7. Capability Sets (INs)8. Coding Scheme

CS-ACELP Conjugate Structure-Algebraic Code Excited LinearPrediction

CS-CDPD Circuit-Switched Cellular Digital Packet DataCSA 1. Call-path Services Architecture (IBM)

2. Canadian Standards Association (Canada)3. Canadian Space Agency (Canada)4. Comprehensive System Accounting5. Carrier Serving Area (DSL)

CSAR Combat Search And Rescue (Motorola)CSB Cable Services Bureau (FCC)CSBT Chinese users association for Satellite communications,

Broadcasting and TelevisionCSC 1. Common Signaling Channel

2. Cospas-Sarsat Council3. Circuit Switching Center4. Customer Service Center (MCI)5. Customer Service Coordinator6. Customer Service Consultant7. Customer Support Center

CSCD Circuit-Switched Cellular DataCSD 1. Cluster Specific Descriptor

2. Cellular Security Device3. Circuit-Switched Data

CSDC Circuit-Switched Digital Capability (AT&T)CSCF Call Session Control FunctionCSDN Circuit-Switched Data NetworkCSE 1. Communications Security Establishment (Canada)

2. CAMEL Service Environment (GSM)CSEL Cable Select (computer)CSF 1. Clique Storing Facility

2. Cell Site FunctionCSFI Communication Subsystem For Interconnection (IBM)CSI 1. Called Subscriber Identification

2. Cellular Specialties Inc. (company)3. Computo Service Inc. (company)4. Computer Security Institute

CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial ResearchOrganization


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CSID Calling Station IDCRIS Customer Records Information SystemCSC Customer Service CenterCSL 1. Communications Services Limited

2. Current-Sinking Logic (digital electronics)3. Current-Sourcing Logic (digital electronics)

CSLIP Compressed Serial Link Internet ProtocolCSM 1. Communication Systems Management

2. Communications Security Material3. Cell-Site Modem4. Clock Supply Module5. Combined Symbol Matching

CSMA Carrier-Sense Multiple AccessCSMA-CA Carrier-SenseMultiple Access with Collision AvoidanceCSMA-CD Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision DetectionCSMDR Centralized Station Message Detail ReportingCSMI Call Screening, Monitoring and InterceptCSN Circuit-Switched NetworkCSNet Computer and Science Network (U.S.A.)CSO 1. Central Services Organization

2. Computing Services Office (Internet directory)3. Composite Second Order

CSOC Convolutional Self-Orthogonal Code (error correction)CSP 1. Certified Service Provider

2. Competitive Service Provider3. Commerce Service Provider4. Content Service Provider5. Communications Service Provider6. Chip-Scale Package

CSPDN Circuit-Switched Public Data NetworkCSPF Constrained Shortest Path First (routing protocol)CSPP Computer Systems Policy ProjectCSQP Customer/Supplier Quality ProcessCSR 1. Cell Switch Router (ATM)

2. Customer Service Record3. Customer Service Representative4. Customer Station Rearrangement

CSS 1. Cascading Style Sheets (Web design)2. Cellular Subscriber Station3. Coordinator, Surface Search4. Customer Support System (GSM)5. Content Scrambling System (broadcasting)6. Customer Service Segment



CST 1. Computer-Supported Telephony (Siemens)2. Compatible Sideband Transmission

CSTA Computer-Supported Telephony ApplicationCSTP Customer Specific Term PlanCSU 1. Channel Service Unit (networking)

2. Channel Sharing Unit3. Customer Service Unit4. Circuit Switching Unit

CSUA Canadian Satellite Users AssociationCSV 1. Circuit-Switched Voice (call for voice)

2. Comma Separated Value format (data storage)CT 1. Conformance Test

2. Cordless Telephone3. Computer Telephony4. Computed Tomography (medicine)5. Call Transfer6. Center Tap (circuit diagrams)

CT Scan Computer Tomographic Scanning (medicine)CT0 Zero Generation Cordless TelephonyCT1 Cordless Telephone Generation 1CT2 Cordless Telephone Generation 2CT2-CAI CT2 Common Air InterfaceCT3IP Channelized T3 Interface ProcessorCTA 1. Cordless Terminal Adapter (DECT)

2. Competitive Telecommunications Association(Canada)

CTAS Carrier Test Access SwitchCTB Composite Triple BeatCTC Counter/Timer CircuitCTCA Canadian Telecommunications Consultants

AssociationCTCSS Continuous Tone Controlled Squelch System (cellular

networks)CTD 1. Call Transfer Delay (ATM)

2. Clock Time Deference3. Current Transfer Device4. Continuity Tone Detector

CTE 1. Circuit Terminating Equipment2. Channel Translating Equipment3. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (microwave)

CTERM Communications Terminal (protocol)CTFM Continuous-Transmission Frequency-ModulationCTFT Color Thin-Film Transistor (semiconductors)


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CTI 1. Computer Telephony Integration (ICT)2. Computers in Testing Initiative (ICT)3. Critical Technologies Institute4. Call Technologies, Inc. (company)

CTIA 1. Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association(U.S.A.)2. CT Innovation Alliance

CTIP Computer Telephony Interface ProductsCTL 1. Complex Text Layout

2. Complementary-Transistor Logic (digital electronics)CTM 1. Cordless Terminal Mobility (DECT)

2. Circuit Transfer Mode3. Conformal Transformation Method

CTN 1. Corporate Telecommunication Network2. Consumers’ Telecommunication Network3. Call Tracking Number

CTO 1. Commonwealth Telecommunications Organization(U.K.)2. Chief Technology Officer (ICT)

CTOS Convergent Technology Operating SystemCTP 1. Connection Terminating Point

2. Cordless Telephony Profile (Bluetooth)CTR Common Technical Regulations of Europe (ETSI)Ctrl Control key (keyboard)CTS 1. Clear-To-Send (RS 232 signal)

2. Communication Transport System3. Conformance Testing Service4. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome of wrist and hand(keyboard)

CTSS Compatible Time-Sharing SystemCTT Central Traffic TerminalCTTC Coax To The CurbCTTE Common TDM Terminating EquipmentCTTU Centralized Trunk Test UnitCTU 1. Central Terminal Unit

2. Command & Telemetry UnitCTX 1. Clear-To-Transmit (RS 232 signal)

2. centrexCTY Console Teletypecu cubic (SI Units)CU 1. Carrier Unit

2. Channel Unit3. Crosstalk Unit



CUA Common User Access (computer)CUD could (Morse code transmissions)CUG Closed-User Group (GSM supplementary service)CUI Character User Interface (computer)CUJT Complementary Uni-Junction Transistor

(semiconductors)CUL See You Later (Morse code transmissions)CUSEEME “See You, See Me” (Internet videoconferencing

system)CV 1. Code Violation (data encoding)

2. Checksum Value3. Computer Vision4. Continuous Vulcanization (cables)5. Constant Voltage

CVBS Composite Video Blanking and Synchronization (TVsignals)

CVC Computer Virus CatalogCVD Chemical Vapor Deposition process (semiconductors)CVDL Continuously Variable Delay LineCVF Compressed Volume File (Microsoft)CVP 1. Cooperative Voice Processing (British)

2. Certified Vertical PartnerCVPO Chemical Vapor Pulse Oxidation process (fiber optics)CVR Crystal Video ReceiverCVS Computer Vision SyndromeCVSD Continuously Variable Slope Delta (modulation)CW 1. Continuous Wave

2. Carrier Wave3. Composite Wave4. clockwise5. Call Waiting Supplementary Service (GSM)

CVT Constant Voltage TransformerCWA Communications Workers of AmericaCWC Cable & Wireless Communications (broadcasting)CWDM 1. Coarse Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (fiber

optics)2. Circular Waveguide Dual Mode (microwave)

CWIS Campus-Wide Information System (universities)CWML Compact Wireless Markup Language (programming)CWS Communications Wiring SystemCWSA Constant Width Slot Antenna (microwave)CWVA Cable & Wireless Virtual AcademyCX Change Context (networking)


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CXR carrierCXML Commerce XML (programming language)cybernaut cybernetics astronautCYTA Cyprus Telecommunication Authority (GSM operator)CZCS Constant Zone Color Scanner (remote sensing)



D d

d 1. Symbol for prefix deci-, denoting one-tenth or10K1

2. Symbol for distanceD 1. Symbol for electrostatic flux density

2. Symbol for Drain (FETs)3. Symbol for Directivity (antennas)

D-AMPS Digital AMPSD-Bit Delivery confirmation Bit (X.25)D-Channel Data Channel (ISDN)D-CLEC Digital Competitive Local Exchange CarrierD-FET Depletion-mode FET (semiconductors)D-LINK Diagonal Link (SS7)D-VHS Digital version of VHS recording or playbackD/A Digital-to-Analog (electronics)D/C Down Converter (satcom)D/I Drop and InsertD/L Down Link (satcom)D/S Digital-to-Synchro (electronics)D2-MAC Multiplexed Analog Component type D2 (TV

format)D4 Digital 4th Generation Channel Bank (transmission)DA 1. Demand-Assigned (access)

2. Doesn’t Answer (phone)

AU5866—CHAPTER D—D—12/7/2007—11:18—GANESHV—274406—XML MODEL E – pp. 77–98

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3. Distribution Area (DSL)4. Directory Assistance5. Destination Address (LANs)6. Differential Attenuation (Apple Macintosh)7. Desk Accessory (software)8. Discontinued Availability (circuit)

DA/TDMA Demand-Assigned mode TDMA (access)DAA Data Access ArrangementDAB 1. Digital Audio Broadcasting (satcom)

2. Dynamically Allocatable Bandwidth3. Data Acquisition Board

DAC 1. Digital-to-Analog Converter (electronics)2. Dual Attachment Concentrator

DACC 1. Digital Access Cross-Connect2. Directory Assistance Call Completion

DACCS Digital Access Cross-Connect System (Intelsat)DACD Digital Automatic Call DistributorDACS Digital Access and Cross-connect System (DSL)DAF 1. Destination Address Field

2. Data Administration Forum3. Decrement All Frame (Motorola)

DAG Distress Alert GeneratorDAI Digital Audio InterfaceDAL Dedicated Access LineDAM DECT Authentication ModuleDAMA Demand-Assignment Multiple-AccessDAMPS Digital Advanced Mobile Phone ServiceDAN DECT Access NodeDAND Despun Active Nutation Damper (Intelsat)DAO Disk At Once (data storage)DAP 1. Directory Access Protocol (network management)

2. Data Access Protocol (DECNet)3. Data Access Point (MCI)4. Data Acquisition Processor5. Dedicated Array Processor (microchips)6. Demand-Assigned Processor

DAQ 1. Delivered Audio Quality2. Data Acquisition

DAR 1. Digital Audio Radio2. Dynamically Adaptive Routing

DARPA Defense Advanced Research Project AgencyDARPANet Defense ARPANetDARS Digital Audio Radio System (broadcast operator)



DAS 1. Dial Access Switching (Cisco)2. Data Acquisition System3. Dual Attachment Station

DASCPC Demand Assignment SCPC (access)DASD Direct-Access Storage Device (semiconductors)DASS 1. Demand Assignment Signaling & Switching unit

2. Digital Access Signaling System3. Direct-Access Secondary Storage

DASS2 Digital Access Signaling System No. 2.dat Name extension for data files (computer)DAT 1. Digital Audio Tape

2. Dynamic Address TranslationData CLEC Data Competitive Local Exchange CarrierDATE Duly Authorized Telecommunications Entity (Intelsat)DATTS Data Acquisition Telecommand and Tracking Station

(Intelsat)DATU Direct-Access Test UnitDAU Dumb Ass UserDAV 1. Distributed Authoring and Versioning

2. Data Available (logic signal)3. Digital Audio-Visual

DAVIC Digital Audio-Visual Council (Italy)DAVID Digital Audio/Video Interactive Decoder (ITU)DAWS Digital Advanced Wireless ServicedB Decibel (one-tenth of a Bel)dB/K Decibels relative to reciprocal temperature (in Kelvin)dBa Decibels adjusteddBA Decibel Audio (sound level)dBa(FIA) dBa measured with FIA-line weighting (fiber optics)dBa(HAI) dBa measured with HAI-receiver weighting (fiber

optics)dBa0 dBa measured at zero transmission level pointdBc Decibels relative to unmodulated carrier power leveldBd Decibels relative to a Dipole antenna gain.dbf Name extension for database files (computer)dBf Decibels above one femtowattdBHz Decibels relative to one HertzdBi Decibels relative to an isotropic antenna gaindBic Decibels relative to an isotropically radiated carrierdBk Decibels relative to one kilowattdBm Decibels relative to onemilliwatt (0 dBmZ1 milliwatt)DBM Double-Balanced Mixer (microwave)dBm0 Decibels relative to one milliwatt at a point of zerodBm0p dBm0 measured with psophometric weighting


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dBmc dBm measured with C-message weightingdBmc0 dBmc measured at 0 Transmission Level PointdBm(f1Kf2) Flat noise power in dBmdBmp Decibels relative to one milliwatt using psophometric

weightingdBmV Decibels relative to one millivolt across a specific

impedancedBnW Decibels relative to one nanowatt (0 dBnWZ1 nW)dB0 Decibels relative to 0TLPdBp Decibels relative to one picowattdBpsoph Noise power in dBm measured with

psophometric weightingdBpW Decibels referred to one picowatt (0 dBpWZ1 pW)dBq Decibels relative to digital speech codec QualitydBr Decibels referred to a given referencedBrn Decibels relative to reference noise leveldBrnC Decibels relative to reference noise using

C-message weightingdBrnC0 Decibels relative to reference noise using a type

C-messaging channel adjusted for equivalence toa 0 dBm equivalent point

dBuV Decibels relative to one microVoltdBuW Decibels relative to one microWatt (mW)dBV Decibels relative to one VoltdBW Decibels relative to one WattdBx Decibels above the reference couplingDB 1. Data Burst

2. Dummy Burst (GSM)3. database4. Data Bus

DBA 1. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (protocol feature)2. Direct Broadcast Address3. Database Administrator (ICT)

DBC Dense Binary CodeDBD 1. Database Driver

2. Digital Bearing DiscriminatorDBF Digital Beam Forming (microwave)DBFN Digital Beam Forming NetworkDBit Delivery confirmation Bit (X.25)DBMS Database Management Systems (ICT)DBP Deutsche Bundespost (German Communications)DBPSK Differential Binary PSK (modulation)DBR Deterministic Bit Rate



DBS 1. Direct Broadcast by Satellite (TV service)2. Digital Broadcast Satellite

DBT 1. Deutsche Bundespost Telecom (Germany)2. Defect-Based Testing

DBTVS Direct Broadcast Television SatelliteDBU Dial BackupDC 1. Direct Current (power)

2. Disconnect Conform3. Disconnect (live internet chat)

DC/AC Direct Current to Alternating Current (power)DC/DC Direct_Current-to-Direct_Current converter (electronics)DCA 1. Document Content Architecture (IBM)

2. Dynamic Channel Allocation (DECT)3. Defense Communication Agency (U.S.A.)4. Directory Client Agent5. Download Configuration Area (softwaredownloading)

DCAS Direct Carrier Administration SystemDCASP Digitally Controlled Analog Signal ProcessingDCC 1. Data Communications Channel (MUX)

2. Data Country Code (ATM)3. Digital Compact Cassette4. Digital Cross-Connect (MUX)5. Digital Color Code6. Digital Command Center7. Digital Communications Center8. Digital Communications Conference

DCCH Dedicated Control Channel (GSM)DCD 1. Data-Carrier-Detect (RS 232 signal)

2. Dynamically Configurable Device3. Duty Cycle Distortion4. Document Content Description

DCDI Directional Correlation DeinterlacingDCE 1. Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (networking)

2. Data Communications Equipment (networking)3. Distributed Computing Environment (service)

DCF Dispersion Compensating FiberDCFL Direct-Coupled FET Logic (digital electronics)DCG Dispersion Compensation Grating (optical signals)DCH 1. D-Channel Handler

2. Dedicated ChannelDCI 1. Digital Control Interface

2. Data Communications Company of Iran3. Display Control Interface


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DCLEC A CLEC specialized in delivering only DSL servicesDCM 1. Digital Circuit Multiplication

2. Decoder and Control Module3. Dispersion Compensation Module4. Dynamically Controllable Magnetic

DCME Digital Circuit Multiplication EquipmentDCMI Dublin Core Metadata InitiativeDCMS Digital Circuit Multiplication SystemDCN 1. Data Communication Network

2. Disconnect frameDCNR Digital Content Network ReceiverDCOF Doubly Cladded Optical FiberDCOM Distributed Component Object Model (ICT)DCP 1. Digital Communications Protocol

2. Device Control Protocol3. Data Collection Platform (remote sensing)

DCPR Detailed Continuing Property RecordsDCPSK Differentially Coherent PSK (modulation)DCR 1. Direct-Conversion Receiver

2. Down-Converting ReceiverDCS 1. Digital Cellular System (GSM)

2. Digital Communication System3. Digital Cross-connect System (MUX)4. Digital Clock Source5. Digital Coded Squelch6. Data Collection System (remote sensing)7. Defense Communication System8. Distributed Communications System

DCS-1800 Digital Cellular System at 1800 MHz (GSM-1800)DCT 1. Digital Carrier Termination

2. Discrete Cosine Transform (mathematics)DCTE Data Circuit-Terminating EquipmentDCTI Desktop Computer Telephony IntegrationDCTL Direct-Coupled Transistor Logic (digital electronics)DCTN Defense Commercial Telecommunications NetworkDCTU Digital Carrier Trunk UnitDCU Distribution Control UnitDCV Digital Compressed VideoDCWV DC Working Voltage (electronics)DCXO Digitally-Compensated Crystal OscillatorDD 1. Dotted Decimal notation

2. Double Density (floppy diskette)DDA 1. Domain Defined Attribute (X.400)

2. Digital Differential Analyzer



DDB 1. Digital Data Bank2. Device Dependent Bitmap

DDBMS Distributed Database Management SystemDDC 1. Direct Department Calling (service)

2. Direct Digital Control (computer)3. Display Data Channel (VESA standard)

DDCMP Digital Data Communication Message ProtocolDDCP Direct Digital Color Proof (test sheet)DDCPSK Double Differential Coherent PSK (modulation)DDE Dynamic Data Exchange (Windows feature)DDEML Dynamic Data Exchange Management LibraryDDF Digital Distribution FrameDDI 1. Direct Digital Interface

2. Direct Dialing InwardDDJ Data Dependent JitterDDL Data Definition/Description Language (programming)DDM Distributed Data Management architecture

(networking)DDN 1. Defense Data Network (U.S.A.)

2. Digital Data NetworkDDN-NIC Defense Data Network–Network Information CenterDDNS Dynamic Domain Naming System (Internet)DDoS Distributed Denial-of-ServiceDDP 1. Datagram Delivery Protocol

2. Distributed Data Processing3. Data Distribution Plan (IMO)

DDR 1. Disengagement Denial Ratio2. Double Data Rate (memory)

DDR-SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM(memory)

DDS 1. Digital Data Service (DSL)2. Digital Data Storage (standard)3. Dataphone Digital Service (AT&T)4. Distributed Data System5. Direct Digital Synchronous (interface)6. Direct Digital Synthesizer7. Direct Dialing Service

DDSD Delay Dial Start Dial (protocol)DDT Digital Dirty Trick (security feature)De-emph De-emphasis (frequency modulation)DE 1. Discard Eligibility bit (frame relay)

2. Designated Entity3. Differentially Encoded

DEB Differentially Encoded Baseband


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DEBS Dynamic Electronic Bias SystemDEC 1. Digital Equipment Corporation

2. decoderDECA Digital Electronics Control AssemblyDECNet Digital Equipment Corporation’s proprietary Network

architectureDECPSK Differentially Enhanced Coherent PSK (modulation)DECT 1. Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications

(ETSI)2. Digital European Cordless Telecommunications

DEF Design Exchange FormatDeg degreeDEK Data Encryption KeyDEL 1. Delete a file (MS DOS Command)

2. Delete key (PC keyboard)DELNI 1. Digital Ethernet Local Network Interconnect

2. DEC Local Network InterfaceDELTIC Delay-Line-Time-CompressionDEM 1. demodulator

2. Digital Elevation Model (remote sensing)DEMKO Denmark Elektriske Materie Kontroldemo demonstration part (software package)DEMOD demodulatorDemod/Remod Demodulation and RemodulationDEMPR DEC Multiport RepeaterDEMS Digital Electronic Management SystemDEMUX demultiplexerDEMUXing demultiplexingDEN Directory Enabled Networking (network management)DENet Danish Ethernet NetworkDEP Degraded Error PerformanceDEPS Departmental Entry Processing SystemDEPSK Differential Encoded PSK (modulation)dequeue double-ended queueDES 1. Data Encryption Standard (IBM algorithm)

2. Destination End Station (ATM)3. Double-Ended Synchronization (networking)

DESC Defense Electronic Supply CenterDET detectorDetem Optical detector/emitter combiner (transducer)DEU Data Encryption UnitDF 1. Direction Finder (equipment)

2. Distribution Frame3. Distress Frequency



DFA Doped Fiber Amplifier (fiber-optic)DFB Distributed Feedback (laser)DFC Data Flow ControlDFD 1. Data Flow Diagram (ICT)

2. Digital Frequency DiscriminatorDFE Decision Feedback Equalizer (adaptive filter)DFES Department For Education and Skills (U.K.

Government)DFG Diode Function GeneratorDFI Digital Facility InterfaceDFM 1. Digital Frequency Modulation

2. Design For Manufacturability3. Dispersive Fade Margin

DFS 1. Dynamic Frequency Selection2. Distributed File System (Windows 2000 feature)

DFSK Double FSK (modulation)DFT 1. Direct Facility Termination

2. Discrete Fourier Transform (algorithm)3. Design For Test

DG Director GeneralDGIS Direct Graphics Interface Specification

(computer)DGNSS Differential Global Navigation Satellite SystemsDGPS Differential GPSDGPT Department of General Posts and

Telecommunications, VietnamDGT 1. Direcsion Generale des Telecommunicaciones

(France)DHACP Dynamic Host Automatic Configuration ProtocolDHBT Double-Heterojunction Bipolar TransistorDHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (TCP/IP)DHN Digital Home NetworkDHSD Duplex High-Speed DataDHTML Dynamic HTML (programming)DI 1. Dedicated Integrator

2. Dielectric IsolationDIA Document Interchange Architecture (data

transmission)DIA/DCA DIA Document Content Architecturediac diode AC (semiconductor switch)DIAG diagnostic portDIALAN DMS Integrated Access Local Area Network (Northern

Telecom)


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DIB 1. Dual Independent Bus (Intel’s Pentium IIprocessor)2. Directory Information Base (X.500)3. Device Independent Bitmap (file format)

DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Expert’s GroupDIC Dubai Internet CityDICODE-NRZ Di-Code-Non-Return to Zero level (data encoding)DID 1. Destination ID

2. Direct Inward Dialing (phone line)3. Detailed Interface Dossier

DIEL Advisory committee on telecommunications forDisabled and Elderly people

DIF Data Interchange Format (computer)DIFAR Directional Finding And Ranging (submarine warfare)DIFCOD Differential CoderDIFDECOD Differential DecoderDiffServ Differentiated Services (QoS)DiffZL Differential Ziv–Lempel (data encoding)digicash digital cashDigiTAG Digital Television Action Group (broadcasting)DII Defense Information InfrastructureDIL 1. Direct In-Line (office trunk)

2. Dual In-Line (microchips)DILL Another form of saying “DLL”DIM 1. Digital Interface Module

2. Document Image ManagementDIMM Dual In-line Memory Module (Macintosh PCs)DIMS Document Image Management SystemDIN Deutsches Institute fur Normung (German

Standards)DINA 1. Distributed Intelligent Network Architecture

2. Dynamic Intelligent Network Architecture3. Direct Noise Amplification (jammer)4. Danish Informatics Network in the AgriculturalScience

DIOCES Distributed Interoperable and Operable ComputingEnvironments and Systems

diode A two-electrode electron tube or semiconductorDIP 1. Dual Inline Package (microchips)

2. Document Image Processing3. Dedicated Inside Plant (local exchanges)

DIPS Digital Image Processing Systemdir directory (MS DOS Command)DIS Draft International Standard (ISO)



DISA 1. Direct Inward System Access (PBX feature)2. Defense Information System Agency

Disc disconnectDISH Data Interchange for ShippingDISKCOPY Copy from one floppy Disk to another (MS DOS

Command)DISN Defense Information Systems NetworkDISNet Defense Integrated Secure NetworkDISOSS Distributed Office Support System (IBM)DIT Directory Information Tree (X.500)DITS Digital Information Transfer SystemDIU 1. Digital Interface Unit

2. Digital Indoor Unit (VSAT terminals)DIW D type Inside WireDIX Digital/Intel/XeroxDL 1. Distance Learning (ICT)

2. Data Link3. Digital Library4. Dead Load

DLC 1. Digital Loop Carrier (transmission equipment)2. Direct Line Console3. Dynamic Load Control4. Data Link Control (protocol)5. Data Link Connection (frame relay)6. Dead-Link Check7. Dual Layer Capacitor (electronics)

DLCI 1. Data Link Connection Identifier (frame relay)2. Digital Loop Carrier Interface

DLE Data Link Escape (character control code)DLEC Data Link Exchange Carrier.dll Name extension for Dynamic-Link Library files

(computer)DLL 1. Down Line Load

2. Dynamic-Link Library (Windows feature)3. Data Link Layer driver4. Digital Leased Lines

DLM Double-Level Metal (microchips)DLP Digital Light ProcessingDLPBC Dual Loop Port Bypass CircuitryDLPI Data Link Provider Interface (ATM)DLR 1. Destination Local Reference (GSM)

2. Design Layout Report3. Deutches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt(Germany)


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DLS 1. Data Link Switching (IBM)2. Distance Learning Section (e-learning)3. Digital Loudspeaker

DLSE Dial Line Service EvaluationDLSw Data Link Switching (standard)DLSW Data Link Switching WorkgroupDLT 1. Digital Linear Tape

2. Design Life Time (satellite)DLTU Data Link Trunk Unit (AT&T)DLVA Detector Log Video AmplifierDM 1. Delta Modulation

2. Digital Modulation3. Delay Modulation4. Differential Modulation5. Detection Module6. Disconnect Mode (X.25)7. Distress Message

DMA 1. Direct Memory Access (computer)2. Deferred Maintenance Alarm3. Differential Mode Attenuation (AC power system)4. Document Management Alliance5. DECT Multimedia Access Profile

DMB 1. Digital Multipoint Bridge2. Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

DMBU Dial Modem Backup UnitDMC 1. Dual voice grade Modem Card

2. Discrete Memory ChannelDMCA Digital Millennium Copyright ActDMD 1. Differential Mode Delay (fiber-optic)

2. Digital Micromirror Device (display)DME 1. Distributed Management Environment

2. Distance Measuring EquipmentDMF Data Management FacilityDMG Distress Message Generator (IMO)DMH Data Message Handler (cellular networks)DMI 1. Desktop Management Interface (networking)

2. Digital Multiplexed Interface (AT&T)DMI-BOS Digital Multiplexed Interface-Bit-Oriented SignalingDML 1. Data Manipulation Language (programming)

2. Declarative Markup Language (programming)3. Development Markup Language (programming)

DMM Digital Multimeter (test equipment)DMO 1. Digital Modification Order

2. Data Mode Operation



3. Direct Mode Operation (cellular networks)DMOS Double-diffused MOS (semiconductors)DMPDU Derived MAC PDU (service)DMR 1. Digital Microwave Radio

2. Dual-Mode Resonator (microwave)

DMS 1. Digital Multiplex System2. Digital Multiplexed Switch (Northern Telecom)3. Digital Media Solutions4. Document Management System (ICT)

DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite ProgramDMSU Digital Main Switching UnitDMT 1. Discrete Multitone (modulation)

2. Digital Multiplexed TrunkDMTF Desktop Management Task Force (ICT)DMUX demultiplexerDMW Digital MicrowaveDMX Digital Music ExpressDMZ Demilitarized Zone (networks)DN 1. Directory Number (ISDN telephone)

2. Digital NetworkDNA 1. Digital Network Architecture

2. Distributed Network Administration3. DEC Network Architecture4. Dynamic Node Access

DNAL Dedicated Network Access LineDNAR Directory Number Analysis ReportingDNC 1. Distributed Networking Computing

2. Dynamic Network Controller3. Direct Numerical Control4. Distributed Network Computing

DNCF Directory Number Call ForwardingDND Do Not Disturb (PBX)DNI Digital Non-InterpolationDNIC Data Network Identification Code (X.121)DNID Data Network Identification code (Inmarsat)DNIS Dialed Number Identification ServiceDNL Dynamic Non-Linearity (microwave)DNP Dial-up Networking Profile (Bluetooth)DNPA Data Numbering Plan Area (X.25)DNPIC Directory Number Primary InterLATA CarrierDNPS Divisional Network Product SupportDNR 1. Dynamic Network Reconfiguration (IBM)

2. Dynamic Noise Reduction (satcom)


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3. Dialed Number RecorderDNS 1. Domain Naming System (Internet)

2. Domain Name Service (Internet)3. Distributed Network Service

DNSIX Defense Network Security Information ExchangeDNSSE Domain Name System Security ExtensionsDNTX Do Not Transmit (Morse code)DOA Dead On Arrival (of an equipment)DoB Denial of Business.doc Name extension for Word Processor document files

(computer)DoC Department of Communications (Canadian

Government)DOC Dynamic Overload Control (switch)DocObject Document ObjectDoCoMo Do Communications over the Mobile Network

(operators)DOCSIS Data-Over-Cable Service Interface SpecificationsDoD Department of Defense (U.S. army)DoD-STD Department of Defense Standard (U.S.A.)DOD 1. Direct Outward Dialing (PBX feature)

2. Depth Of DischargeDoDD Department of Defense Directive (U.S.A.)DoDI Department of Defense Instructions (U.S.A.)DoDISS DoD Index of Specifications and Standards (U.S.A.)DOE Direct Order EntryDOM domesticDOMSAT Domestic Satellite communication systemDOP Dedicated Outside Plant (local exchanges)Doran Doppler ranging systemDoS Denial-of-Service (network attack)DOS Disk Operating System (computer)DOSA DistributedOpen Signaling Architecture (IP telephony)DOT memory Domain-Tip memoryDOV Data Over VoiceDOVAP Doppler Velocity And Position systemDP 1. Data Port

2. Data Parity3. Data Processing4. Deflate Protocol5. Dial Pulse6. Distribution Partner (Inmarsat)

DPA 1. Demand Protocol Architecture2. Digital Port Adapter (Northern Telecom)



3. Digital Performance Archive4. Dearborn Protocol Adapter (PC board)5. Differential Power Analysis6. Document Printing Application

DPBC Double-Pole Back ConnectedDPBX Digital Private Branch ExchangeDPC 1. Destination Point Code (routing)

2. Data Processing Center (remote sensing)3. Digital Port Cluster

DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control ChannelDPCH Dedicated Physical ChannelDPCM Differential PCM (modulation)DPCS Digital Personal Communications ServicesDPDCH Dedicated Physical Data ChannelDPDT Double-Pole Double-Throw (switches)DPE Distributed Processing EnvironmentDPFC Double-Pole Front ConnectedDPHEMT Double-heterojunction Pseudomorphic High-Electron

Mobility Transistordpi dots per inch (scanners)DPI 1. Dedicated Pair-In (telephone wire pair)

2. Direct Pickup Interference3. Dots Per Inch (image resolution)4. Data Processing Company of Iran

DPLB Digital Private Line BillingDPLL Digital Phase-Locked LoopDPLX 1. Duplex

2. DuplexerDPM 1. Digital Panel Meter (test equipment)

2. Digital Phase Modulation3. Dual-Precedence Message

DPMA 1. Data Processing Management Association2. Dynamic Power Management Architecture (ICT)

DPMI DOS Protected Mode InterfaceDPMS 1. Digital Performance Monitoring System

2. Display Power Manager Signaling (VESA standard)DPNSS Digital Private Network Signaling SystemDPO 1. Dedicated Pair Out (telephone wire pair)

2. Direct Public Offering3. Digital Pulse Origination

DPP 1. Distributed Processing Peripherals2. Distributed Programming Platform3. Distributed Pipe Protocol4. Digitally Programmable Potentiometer


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5. Direct Print Protocol6. Demand Priority Protocol

DPPB Digital Primary Patch Bay (fiber optics)DPRAM Dual Port RAM (memory)DPRS Domestic Public Radio Service

DPS 1. Differential Phase Shift2. Digital Passage Service3. Digital Protection Switch

DPSK Differential PSK (modulation)DPST Double-Pole Single-Throw (switches)DPT Digital Pulse TerminationDPU 1. Digital Processing Unit

2. Dynamic Path Update (IBM)3. Director of Public Utilities

DPX Data Path loop ExtensionDQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus (architecture)DQPSK Differential Quadrature PSK (modulation)DQTV Distribution Quality TelevisionDR 1. Dual Rate

2. Design Review3. Digital Radio

DRA Direct Radiating Array (antennas)DRAM Dynamic RAM (memory)DRAW Direct Read After Write (optical disks)DRB Digital Radio BroadcastingDRC Design Rule CheckingDRCS Digital Radio Concentrator SystemDRDRAM Direct Rambus Dynamic RAM (memory)DRDW Direct Read During Write (optical disks)DRFM Digital Radio Frequency MemoryDRiP Duplicate Ring Protocol (Cisco)DRM Digital Rights ManagementDRO 1. Dielectric Resonator Oscillator (microwave)

2. Dielectric Resonator Oscillator (electronics)DRP 1. Digital Receiver Processor (Inmarsat)

2. Distribution and Replication ProtocolDRRS Digital Radio Relay SystemDRS 1. Data Relay Satellite

2. Digital Reference Signal3. Digital Radio System4. Digital Reconfiguration Service5. Direct Receiving Station (satcom)6. Disengagement Request Signal



DRT DS3 Redundancy and TerminationDRTL Dial Repeating Tie LineDRTS Data Relay and Test SatelliteDRTT Dial Repeating Tie TrunkDRU 1. DACS Remote Unit

2. Digital Remote Unit (NEC).drv Name extension for driver files (computer).drw Name extension for Micrografx DRAW format files

(graphics)DRX Discontinuous Reception (GSM mobile station)DS 1. Dispersion Shifted (optical fiber)

2. Downstream3. Digital Service4. Digital Signal5. Data Strobe (logic signal)

DS-0 Digital Signal Level 0DS-1 Digital Signal Level 1 (synonym for T1)DS-2 Digital Signal Level 2 (synonym for T4)DS-3 Digital Signal Level 3 (synonym for T3)DS-4 Digital Signal Level 4 (synonym for T4)DS-5 Digital Signal Level 5 (synonym for T54)DS-CDMA Direct Sequence CDMA (access)DSA 1. DAMA Signaling Analyzer

2. Distributed System Architecture (networking)3. Data Service Adapter4. Directory Service Agent (software)5. Direct Selling Association6. Digital Signature Algorithm7. Dial Service Assistance

DSAP Destination Service Access PointDSAT 1. Digital Supervisory Audio Tones

2. Digital Satellite Television (broadcasting)DSB 1. Double-Sideband (modulation)

2. Digital Sound BroadcastingDSB-EC Double-Sideband Emitted Carrier (modulation)DSB-RC Double-Sideband Reduced Carrier (modulation)DSB-SC Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (modulation)DSB-TC Double-Sideband Transmitted Carrier (modulation)DSC 1. Data Satellite Channel

2. Differential Scanning Calorimetry3. Digital Service Channel4. Digital Selective Calling (shipping)5. Digital Subscriber Controller6. Digital Still Camera


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7. Digital-to-Synchro Converter8. Distributed Statistical Computing9. descrambler

DSCP Differential Service Code PointDSCS Defense Satellite Communication SystemDSDC Direct Service Dialing CapabilityDSE 1. Distributed Single-Layer Embedded (test method)

2. Distributed Systems Engineering3. Data Switching Exchange4. Data Switching Equipment5. Deep Sky Exploration society6. Digital Subtitle Encoder7. Dynamic System Estimation Library

DSF Dispersion Shifted FiberDSH Double Super HeterodyneDSI 1. Digital Speech Interpolation (voice compression)

2. Digital Switching Information3. Detailed Spectrum Investigation

DSL 1. Digital Subscriber Line (access)2. Digital Subscriber Loop (AT&T)3. Design System Language (programming)

DSLAM DSL Access Multiplexer (network device)DSM 1. Delta–Sigma Modulation

2. Direct Sequence Modulation3. Direct-Spread Modulation4. Design Structure Matrix5. Digital Switching Matrix6. Dependency Structure Matrix

DSMCC Digital Storage Media Command and Control(protocol)

DSN 1. Distributed Systems Network2. Defense Switch Network3. Double Shelf Network4. Deep Space Network

DSNG Digital Satellite News GatheringDSO 1. Digital Storage Oscilloscope

2. Digital Sampling OscilloscopeDSOM Distributed System Object Model (IBM)DSP 1. Digital Signal Processor (chip)

2. Display Systems Protocol3. Domain-Specific Part (ATM)

DSR 1. Data-Set-Ready (RS 232 signal)2. Data Sampling Rate3. Data Signaling Rate



4. Digital Satellite Radio (broadcasting)5. Disengagement Success Ratio (fiber optics)

DSRC Dedicated Short-Range CommunicationsDSRI Destination Station Routing IndicatorDSRR Digital Short-Range Radio

DSS 1. Digital Switched Service2. Digital Signature Standard3. Digital Signaling System4. Digital Satellite System (STB hardware)5. Direct Station Selector (PBX hardware)6. Direct Satellite System7. Decision Support System (set of programs)

DSS1 Digital Subscriber Signaling System 1DSS2 Digital Subscriber Signaling System 2DSSCS Defense Special Service Communications SystemDSSLL Differentiated Services over Specific Link LayerDSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (transmission)DSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification Language

(ISO)DST 1. Direct Sounding Transmission

2. Dispersion Supported TransmissionDSTB Digital Set-Top-BoxDSTE 1. Digital Subscriber Terminating Equipment

2. Data Subscriber Terminating EquipmentDSTN Double-layer Super-Twisted Nematic (display)DSTO Defense Science and Technology Organization

(Australia)DSTP Double-Shielded Twisted PairDSTR distributionDSU Data Service Unit (networking)DSUB Data Service (SCPC) Sub-band Signaling ChannelDSVD Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data (modems)DSX Digital Signal Cross-Connect systemDT 1. Deutsche Telekom

2. Direct TerminationDTAB Demountable Tape-Automated Bonding (IC)DTAD Digital Telephone Answering DeviceDTAN Despun Torque Actuated Nutation (Intelsat)DTAP Direct Transfer Application Part (GSM)DTC 1. Digital Trunk Controller

2. Digital Transmit Command3. Digital Traffic Channel (cellular networks)

DTCM Differential Trellis Coded Modulation


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DTCP Dual Tape-Carrier Package (microchips)DTD Document Type Definition (XML)DTE Data Terminal Equipment (networking)DTF 1. Dynamic Tracking Filter

2. Distance-To-Fault (microwave)DTH Direct To Home (broadcasting)DTI Digital Trunk InterfaceDTL 1. Diode–Transistor Logic (digital electronics)

2. Designated Transit List (ATM)3. Dial Tone Line4. Distance Teaching and Learning (e-learning)

DTL/TTL DTL input to TTL output and vice versa (digitalelectronics)

DTLU Digital Trunk and Line UnitDTM 1. Dynamic synchronous Transfer Mode

2. Digital Terrain Model (remote sensing)DTMF Dual-Tone Multifrequency (telephone sets)DTMX Digital Trunk Manual (telephony) ExchangeDTN 1. Data Transfer Network

2. Data Transmission NetworkDTO 1. Dial Tone Office

2. Digital Test Oscilloscope3. Digitally Tuned Oscillator4. Direct Termination Overflow

DTP 1. Desktop Publishing (ICT)2. Distributed Transaction Processing (computernetworks)

DTR 1. Data-Terminal-Ready (RS 232 signal)2. Data Transfer Rate3. Discrete Tone Relation

DTRS 1. Digital Trunked Radio System2. Digital Tape Recording System3. Digital Telemetry Recording System4. Data Transfer Request Signal

DTS 1. Digital Termination System (microwave)2. Digital Television Standard3. Digital Theater System (home audio systems)4. Distributed Time Service5. Decoding Time Stamp

DTSP Digital Television Station Project, Inc.DTSR 1. Dial Tone Speed Recording

2. Digital Tape System Recording3. Digital Temporary Storage Recording

DTT 1. Digital Trunk Testing



2. Digital Tape Transfer3. Digital Tie Trunk4. Digital Telecommunication Trunk5. Digital Terrestrial Television (broadcasting)

DTTB Digital Terrestrial Television BroadcastingDTTL Data Transition Tracking LoopDTU 1. Digital Test Unit

2. Digital Trunk Unit3. Digital Transmission Unit

DTV Digital Television (broadcasting)DTVC Digital Television by CableDTVE Digital Transversal EqualizerDTX Discontinuous Transmission (cellular networks)DU 1. Data Unit

2. Dispersion-Unshifted (optical fiber)DUA Directory User Agent (software)DUAL Distributed Update AlgorithmDUART Dual Universal Asynchronous Receiver–TransmitterDUE Dumb User ErrorDUN Dial-Up Networking (PC communications)DUP Data User Part (SS7)DUT Device Under Test (equipment)DUV Data Under Voice (AT&T)DV Digital VideoDVB Digital Video Broadcasting (organization)DVB-C DVB Cable transmission standardDVB-H DVB-HandheldDVB-IRD DVB Integrated Receiver DecoderDVB-RCS DVB-Return Channel by Satellite systemDVB-S DVB Satellite transmission standardDVB-SI DVB Service InformationDVB-T DVB Terrestrial (standard)DVBG Digital Video Broadcasting GroupDVC 1. Digital Video Compression

2. Digital Video CassetteDVCD Double Video Compact DiskDVD 1. Digital Video Disk (ICT)

2. Digital Versatile Disk (ICT)DVD-E Digital Video Disk-ErasableDVD-R Digital Video Disk-RecordableDVD-RAM Digital Video Disk-Random Access Memory

(rewritable)DVD-ROM Digital Video Disk-Read Only MemoryDVD-R/W Digital Video Disk Re-Writable


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D

DVD2 Digital Video Disk 2nd GenerationDVI 1. Digital Video Interface (standard)

2. Digital Video InteractiveDVM 1. Digital Voltmeter (test equipment)

2. Data and Voice Multiplexer3. Data and Voice Multiplexing

DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (IETF)DVOM Digital Volt–Ohm-Milliammeter (electronics)DVP Digital Video ProcessorDVR Digital Video RecorderDVRN Dense Virtual Routed NetworkDVS Digital Video ServiceDVSI Digital Voice Systems, Inc. (company)DVST Direct View Storage TubeDVTS Desktop Videoconferencing Telecommunications

SystemDWA Data Warehousing Alliance (Microsoft)DWC Digital Wireless CommunicationsDWDM DenseWavelength-Division Multiplexing (fiber optics)DWG Digital Working GroupDWI Data Warehousing InstituteDWMT Discrete Wavelet MultitoneDWS Dialable Wideband ServiceDWT Discrete Wavelet Transform (mathematics)DX 1. Data Exchange

2. Direct Current Signaling3. duplex

DXB Drawing Interchange Binary (file extension)DXC Digital Cross-Connect (MUX)DXer A long-Distance listener of short wave radio stations

(Ham Radio).dxf Name extension for AutoCAD 2-D format files

(graphics)DXF Drawing interchange Format (CAD files)DXI Data Exchange InterfaceDXing The hobby of receiving and listening to a long Distant

short wave radio station (Ham Radio)dyn dyne (unit of force)



E e

e 1. Symbol for basic unit of electron charge2. Symbol for instantaneous value of an alternatingvoltage3. Symbol for electronic version

e-bomb e-mail bombe-book electronic booke-business electronic businesse-cash electronic cash (e-commerce)e-check electronic check (e-commerce)e-commerce electronic commercee-credit electronic credite-Fax electronic Facsimilee-form electronic forme-government electronic governmente-law electronic lawe-learning electronic learning (e-learning)e-mail electronic maile-money electronic moneye-rate electronic ratee-signature electronic (digital) signaturee-text electronic texte-stamp electronic stampe-zine electronic Magazine

AU5866—CHAPTER E—E—12/7/2007—11:18—GANESHV—274407—XML MODEL E – pp. 99–116

E

99

E 1. Symbol for Emitter (transistor circuit diagrams)2. Symbol for Electric field strength (antennas)3. Symbol for prefix exa-, denoting 1018 or 260

E band Optical Frequency band ranging from 1360 to 1460 nmE Channel Echo ChannelE Link Extended LinkE Port Expansion PortE&I Engineering and InstallationE&M “Ear and Mouth” (signaling)E-1 The European equivalent of American T-1 transmission

line operating at 2.048 MbpsE-2 The European equivalent of American T-2 transmission

line operating at 8.448 MbpsE-3 The European equivalent of American T-3 transmission

line operating at 34.368 MbpsE-BCCH Extended-Broadcast Control ChannelE-Carrier European Carrier (ITU-T)E-FET Enhancement-mode FET (semiconductors)E-IDE Enhanced IDE (interface)E-LMI Enhanced Local Management Interface (frame relay)E-Nose Electronic NoseE-O Electrical-OpticalE-OTD Enhanced Observed Time DifferenceE-TDMA Extended TDMA (access)E-time Execution timeE/A Events and Alarms subsystem (Intelsat)E/S Earth Station (satcom)E2PROM Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM (memory)EA 1. Extended Addressing (frame relay)

2. Equal Access3. Early Assignment4. Effective Availability

EAA Electronic Afzar Azma Company (Iran)EAC 1. European Astronaut Center

2. Engineering Assistance Contract (Intelsat)EACA European Association of Communications AgenciesEACEM European Association of Consumer Electronics

ManufacturersEADAS Engineering and Administrative Data Acquisition

SystemEADP European Association of Directory and database

PublishersEAE Extended Arithmetic ElementEAEO End Access End Office



EAFC Enhanced Automatic Frequency Control (electronics)EAGE Electrical Aerospace Ground Equipment (Intelsat)EAGLE Extended Area GPS Location EnhancementEAI 1. External Alarm Indicator

2. Enterprise Application IntegrationEAN European Article Numbering (bar coding)EANTC European Advanced Networking Test Center

(Germany)EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol (OSI model)EAR Echo Attenuation Ratio (transmission)EARC Extraordinary Administrative Radio ConferenceEARN European Academic and Research NetworkEAROM Electrically Alterable ROM (memory)EARP Ethernet Address Resolution ProtocolEARSeL European Association of Remote Sensing LaboratoriesEAS 1. Emergency Alert System (cable TV broadcast)

2. Events and Alarms System (Intelsat)3. Extended Area Service (network feature)4. Electronic Acquisition System5. Electronic Articles Surveillance6. Engineering and Applied Sciences7. Enterprise Application Server8. European Astronomical Society

EASI ETSI ATM Services InteroperabilityEAX Electronic Automatic ExchangeEB 1. Expansion Buffer

2. Errored Block3. Exa-Byte, which is 260 or 1024 times petabytes

Eb/No Energy per bit-to-Noise power spectral density (ratio)EBA 1. European Broadcasting Area

2. Eventual Byzantine AgreementEBAM Electron-Beam-Accessed MemoryEBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code

(computer)EBD Effective Bill DateEBDI Electronic Business Data InterchangeEBE Embedded Base Equipment (Bell)EBGA Enhanced Ball-Grid Array (microchips)EBHC Equated Busy Hour Call (Intelsat)EBICON Electron Bombardment Induced ConductivityEBIOS Enhanced BIOS (computer)EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and

Amortization


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EBL 1. Electronic Bearing Line (navigation)2. Electron Beam Lithography (semiconductors)

EBO Embedded Base Organization (Bell)EBONE European network backbone (service)EBPP Electronic Bill Presentation and PaymentEBR Electronic Beam RecorderEBS 1. Emergency Broadcast System (cable TV)

2. Electron-Bombarded Semiconductor (device)EBSD Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction (microwave)EBU European Broadcasting UnionEBX Electronic Branch ExchangeEC 1. Exchange Carrier

2. Electronic Carrier3. Energy Communications (PBX feature)4. Electro-optic Coefficient (fiber optics)5. Element Controller6. Equipment Clock7. End Chain8. Echo Canceller

ECA Exchange Carrier AssociationECAC European Civil Aviation ConferenceECB 1. Error Correction Bit

2. Enhanced Cellular Base StationECC 1. Error Checking and Correction code

2. Embedded Control Channel (MUX)3. Electronic Common Control4. Electronic Commerce Canada Inc.5. Electronically Controlled Coupling6. Emergency Communications Center7. Exchange Carrier Code (Telcordia Technologies)8. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (wireless)9. Egypt Cyber Center

ECC RAM Error Correcting Code RAM (memory)ECCA European Cable Communications Association

(Belgium)ECCKT Exchange Company CircuitECCM 1. Electronic Counter-Countermeasure (interference)

2. Electromagnetic Counter-Countermeasure (inter-ference)

ECCO Equatorial Constellation CommunicationsOrganization

ECDIS Electronic Chart Display Information SystemECF Embedded Code FormattingECG Electrocardiogram (medicine)



ECGA Enhanced Color Graphics Adapter (640!400 pixelmonitors)

ECH 1. Enhanced Call Handling2. Echo-Cancelled Hybrid (DSL)

ECHO European Commission Host OrganizationECI 1. End Chain Indicator

2. External Call InterfaceECIS 1. European Committee for Interoperable Systems

2. European Computer Industry research Center3. European Conference on Information Systems

ECITC European Committee for Information Technology andCertification

ECL Emitter-Coupled Logic (digital electronics)ECM 1. Echo Canceller Module

2. Error Correction Mode (G3 fax machine)3. Electronic Countermeasures (radar)4. Electromagnetic Countermeasures (interference)5. Entitlement Control Message (broadcasting)

ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association(Switzerland)

ECMEA Enhanced Cellular Messaging Encryption AlgorithmECMP Equal Cost Multiple Routing (traffic)ECMR Equal Cost Multipath RoutingECMS Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (operator)ECN 1. Electronic Communications Network

2. Emergency Call Network3. Explicit Congestion Notification (IP standard)

ECO Electron-Coupled Oscillator (electronics)ECOC European Conference on Optical CommunicationECOMEG E-Commerce Experts GroupECP 1. Enhanced Call Processing (voice mail)

2. Extended Capabilities Port (computer)3. Encryption Control Protocol4. Electronic Commerce Platform5. Executive Cellular Processor

ECPA Electronic Communications Privacy ActECPE Embedded Customer-Premises Equipment (telephone

company)ECS 1. European Communication Satellite

2. Electronic Commerce Service3. Electronic Chart System (navigation)

ECSA Exchange Carriers Standards AssociationECSD Enhanced Circuit-Switched DataECSSB Exalted Carrier SSB (modulation)


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ECT 1. Enterprise Caching Technology2. Explicit Call Transfer

ECTA European Competitive TelecommunicationsAssociation

ECTEL European Telecommunications and Professional Elec-tronics Industry

ECTF 1. Enterprise Computer Telephony Forum (U.S.A.)2. European Community Telework Forum

ECTRA European Committee for TelecommunicationsRegulatory Affairs

ECTUA European Council of Telecommunications UsersAssociation

ED 1. Electronic Directory2. Ending Delimiter (LANs)

ED RAM Enhanced Dynamic RAM (memory)EDA 1. Electronic Design Automation (ICT)

2. Electronic Directory Assistance3. Erbium-Doped Amplifier (fiber optics)

EDAC Error Detection and Correction (transmission)EDACS Enhanced Digital Access Communications SystemEDAM Enhanced Digital Announcement MachineEDC 1. Error Detection and Correction

2. Error Detection Code (transmission)EDCH Enhanced D-Channel HandlerEDD Enhanced Disk DriveEDDA European Digital Dealers AssociationEDF Erbium-Doped FiberEDFA Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (fiber optics)EDGAR Electronic Data Gathering Archiving and RetrievalEDGE Enhanced Data-Rates for GSM EvolutionEDH Electronic Document HandlingEDI Electronic Data Interchange (ICT)EDIA Electronic Data Interchange AssociationEDIDAG Electronic Data Interchange of Dangerous

Goods informationEDIF Electronic Data Interchange Format (ICT)EDIFACT EDI for Administration, Commerce And Transport

(ICT)EDIMAR Electronic Data Interchange of Maritime documents

(ICT)EDIS Emergency Digital Information System/ServiceEDIU Expansion Digital Interface UnitEDL Environment Data LinkEDLIN Editor of Lines (outdated MS-DOD text editor)



EDM 1. Electronic Document Management2. Electronic Discharge Machining

EDMS Engineering Document Management System (ICT)EDO 1. Extended Data Output (memory)

2. Enhanced Data Output (memory)3. Equipment Design Objectives

EDO DRAM Extended Data Output DRAM (memory)EDO RAM Extended Data Output RAM (memory)EDP 1. Electronic Data Processing (computer)

2. Exchange Delivery PointEDPS Electronic Data Processing SystemEDRS European Data Relay SatelliteEDS Extended Data ServiceEDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic ComputerEDSL Extended DSL (access)EDSS1 European Digital Signaling System No. 1EDTR Effective Data Transfer Rate (transmission)EDTV 1. Enhanced-Definition Television (broadcasting)

2. Extended-Definition Television (broadcasting)EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic ComputerEE End-to-End signalingEEC 1. Error Checked and Corrected

2. Electromagnetic Emission ControlEEG Electroencephalogram (medical equipment)EEHLLAPI Entry Emulator High-Level Language Applications

Programming InterfaceEEHO Either End Hop OffEEI 1. External Environment Interface

2. Edison Electric InstituteEEL Enhanced Extended LinkEEMA European Electronic Messaging AssociationEEMS Enhanced Expanded Memory Specification

(memories)EEP 1. Electroencephalophone

2. Electromagnetic Emission PolicyEEPG Enhanced Electronic Program GuideEEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM (memory)EER Effective Earth RadiusEES 1. Earth Exploration Satellite

2. Escrow Encryption Standard (U.S. Department ofJustice)

EESN Expanded Electronic Serial NumberEESS Earth Exploration Satellite Service (ITU)


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EESSI European Electronic Signature Standardization Initia-tive (ICT)

EETDN End-to-End Transit Delay NegotiationEF Entrance FacilityEF&I Engineer, Furnish, and Install (purchase method)EFCI Explicit Forward Congestion Indicator (ATM)EFD Event Forwarding Discriminator (wireless)EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation (standards

organization)EFI&T Engineer, Furnish, Install, and TestEFIS Electronic Flight Information SystemEFL 1. Emitter-Follower Logic (digital electronics)

2. Equivalent Focal LengthEFMA Ethernet in the First Mile AllianceEFOC European Fiber Optics and Communications

(conference)EFR Enhanced Full Rate (codec)EFS 1. Error Free Seconds

2. Enhanced Full-rate Service3. Electronic Filing System (Intelsat)

EFT Electronic Funds Transfer (ICT)EFTA European Free Trade Association (Geneva)EFTPOS Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale (ICT)EFTS Electronic Funds Transfer SystemEG European Graphics AssociationEGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter (640!350 pixel monitors)EGC 1. Enhanced Group Calling (Inmarsat)

2. Equal Gain CombinerEGI Embedded Global Positioning Satellite Inertial

Navigation SystemEGM Extraordinary General Meeting (Intelsat)EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service

(satellite)EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol (routing)EGPRS Enhanced General Packet Radio ServiceEGSM Extended (frequency range) GSMEGW Edge GatewayEHF 1. Extremely High Frequency (30–300 GHz range)

2. Error Hold FileEHR Enhanced Half-Rate codecEHT Extremely High TensionEHTPS Extremely High-Tension Power SupplyEHV Extra-High Voltage (power)EHz Exa-Hertz (1018 Hz)



EI Error IntervalEIA Electronic Industries Alliance (standards organization)EIAJ Electronic Industries Association of JapanEICS Emergency Integrated Communication SystemEICTA European Information and Consumer Electronics

Technology Industry AssociationEID Equipment Identifier (mobile radio)EIDE Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (interface)EIDQ European International Directory EnquiriesEIF Electronic Industries FoundationEIG Electronic Information GroupEIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (Cisco)EIIA Embedded Industrial Internet ApplianceEIM 1. Ethernet Inverse Mapper

2. Emirates Internet & Multimedia (U.A.E.)EIMF European Interactive Media FederationEIN European Information NetworkEIP Early Implementers Program (Novell, Inc.)EIPA 1. Electronic Information and Communication for

Pedagogical Academies (Austria)2. European Information Provider Association

EIR 1. Excess Information Rate (frame relay)2. Equipment Identity Register (GSM)

EIRENE European Integrated Railway Radio EnhancedNetwork

EIRP Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (microwave)EIS 1. Executive Information System (ICT)

2. Expanded Interconnection Service3. Epidemic Intelligence Service

EISA Extended Industry-Standard Architecture (PC bus)EIT Event Information Table (broadcasting)EITA European Information Technology Association (U.K.)EIU Ethernet Interface UnitEIUF European ISDN Users’ ForumEJTAG Enhanced JTAGEKE 1. Encrypted Key Exchange (protocol)

2. Electronic Key ExchangeEKMS Electronic Key Management SystemEKTS Electronic Key Telephone Service (ISDN)EL 1. elevation

2. Electro LuminescentELAN Emulated LAN (ATM)ELE Extremely Low-frequency Emission (monitors)ELEC Enterprise Local Exchange Carrier


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ELED Edge-emitting Light-Emitting DiodeELF Extremely Low Frequency (30–300 Hz range)ELFEXT Equal Lever For End Cross-TalkELG European Launching Group (broadcasting)ELINT Electronic IntelligenceELIU Electrical Line Interface UnitELOT Greek Organization for Standardization (Greece)ELS NetWare Entry Level System NetWare (networking)ELSEC Electronic SecurityELSR Edge Label Switch RouterELSSE Electronic Sky Screen EquipmentELSU Ethernet LAN Service UnitELT Emergency Locator Transmitter (COMSAR)EM 1. “End of Medium” (character control code)

2. Engineering Model3. Element Manager4. Expanded Memory

EMA 1. Electronic Messaging Association (U.S.A.)2. Electronic Missile Acquisition

EMACS Editor MACros (text editor)EMAG ETSI MIS Advisory GroupEmail Electronic mailEMBARC Electronic Mail Broadcast to A Roaming Computer

(Motorola)EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility (interference)EMCON Emission Control (propagation)EMD 1. Equilibrium Mode Distribution (propagation)

2. Electromechanical Dialing (telephone exchange)EME 1. Electromagnetic Energy

2. Electromagnetic Environment3. Externally Mounted Equipment4. Earth-Moon-Earth (radio communications)

EMEA Europe, Middle East and Africa (region).emf Name extension for Enhanced Metafile format

(graphics)EMF 1. Electromotive Force (parameter)

2. Electromagnetic Force (parameter)3. Element Management Function4. Enhanced Metafile (printer file)5. European Multimedia Forum

EMG Electromyogram (medicine)EMI 1. Electromagnetic Interference (noise)

2. Exchange Message InterfaceEML Element Management Layer (networking)



EMM 1. Entitlement Management Message (broadcasting)2. Expanded Memory Manager (device driver)

EMMA Enhanced Multimedia Architecture (broadcasting)EMMSEC European Multimedia Microprocessor Systems and

Electronic Commerce (ICT)EMOS Equipment Management Operating SystemEMP Electromagnetic PulseEMPD Equilibrium Modal-Power Distribution (propagation)Emph Emphasis (FM transmission)EMPS Electronic Mobile Payment Services (project)EMR 1. ExchangeMessage Record (Telcordia Technologies)

2. Electromagnetic Radiation (hazard)EMRP Effective Monopole-Radiated Power (Intelsat)EMS 1. Expanded Memory Specification (standard)

2. European Mobile Satellite3. Element Management System4. Electronic Message Services5. Enterprise Messaging Server6. Enhanced Message Service (GSM)7. Electromagnetic Susceptibility

EMT Electrical Metal TubingEMTUG European Manufacturing Technology User GroupEMU Electromagnetic Unit (parameter)EMUG European MAP Users GroupEMUT Enhanced Manpack Ultrahigh-frequency TerminalEMV Electromagnetic VulnerabilityEMW 1. Electromagnetic Wave

2. Electromagnetic WarfareEN Equivalent NodeENA 1. Enterprise Network Addressing

2. Extended Network AddressingENC 1. Electronic Navigation Chart

2. encoderENCB Estonian National Communication BoardEndec Encoder–decoderENET 1. Ethernet

2. Enhanced NetworkENFIA Exchange Network Facility for Interstate AccessENG Electronic News GatheringENI Embedded Network InterfaceENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator And ComputerENID EGC (closed-) Network Identification code (Inmarsat)ENN Emergency News NetworkENOB Effective Number Of Bits (ADC)


E e & 109

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ENOS Enterprise Network Operating System (SunMicrosystems)

ENQ “enquiry” (character control code)ENR Excess Noise RatioENS 1. Emergency Number Service

2. Enterprise Network Services (software)ENSO ETSI National Standardization OrganizationENT Equivalent Noise TemperatureENTELEC Energy Telecommunications and electrical AssociationENUM Electronic NumberEO 1. End Office (networking)

2. Erasable Optical driveEOA End-Of-Address (signal)EOB End-Of-Block (signal)EOC 1. Embedded Overhead Communication Channel

(transmission)2. Electro-Optic Coefficient

EOD End-Of-Data (signal)EOE Electronic Order ExchangeEOF End-Of-File (control character)EOL 1. End-Of-Line (control character)

2. End-Of-Orbit life (satcom)EOP 1. End-Of-Procedure frame

2. End-Of-ProgramEOS 1. Earth Observation System (remote sensing)

2. Earth Observation Satellite3. End-Of-Selection (control character)4. Electro-Optical System

EOT 1. End-Of-Transmission (control signal)2. End-Of-Tape (control signal)3. End-Of-Text (flag or marker)

EOTC 1. European Organization for Testing and Certification2. Electro-Optic Technology Center

EOW Engineering Order-Wire (MUX)EP-DVB European Parliament Digital Video BroadcastingEPABX Electronic PABXEPAC Enhanced Perceptual Audio CoderEPC Electric Power ConditionerEPD Early Packet Discard (ATM)EPF Electronic Payment Forum (www.epf.net)EPFD 1. Electronic Position-Fixing Device (GPS)

2. Equivalent Power Flux Density (microwave)EPG Electronic Program Guide (broadcasting)EPI Electronic Position Indicator



EPIC 1. Electronic Privacy Information Center2. Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (ICT)3. European Project on Information infrastructureCo-ordination

EPIISG European Project on Information Infrastructure StarterGroup

EPIRB Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon(COMSAR)

EPLANS Engineering, Planning and Analysis SystemEPLD Electronically Programmable Logic Device (digital

electronics)EPLSR Enhanced Position Location Reporting SystemepndB effective perceived noise decibelEPN 1. Expansion Port Network

2. Esteeman Paging Network (Iran)EPOC Electronic Piece Of Cheese (operating system)EPOS Electronic Point Of Sale (ICT)EPP 1. Enhanced Parallel Port (computer)

2. European Polar PlatformEPPA European Public Paging AssociationEPPI Expanded Plan-Position IndicatorEPR Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (electronics)EPRI Electric Power Research InstituteEPRML Extended Partial Response/Maximum LikelihoodEPROM Erasable Programmable ROM (memory).eps Name extension for Encapsulated PostScript files

(graphics)EPS 1. Encapsulated Post-Script (image format)

2. Endless Phase ShifterEPSCS Enhanced Private-Switched Communications ServiceEPSF Encapsulated Post-Script FileEPSN Enhanced Private-Switched NetworkEPU Expanded Processing UnitEQ Equalizer, EqualizationEQL equalizerEQTV Extended Quality TelevisionER 1. Error Ratio

2. Equipment Room3. Explicit Rate (ATM)

ERA European Research AreaERB Emergency Radio BeaconERC 1. European Radiocommunications Committee

2. Electromagnetic Radiation ControlERD Entity Relationship Diagram (ICT)


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ERL Echo Return Loss (transmission)ERM 1. Enterprise Resource Management

2. Entity Relationship Model (ICT)ERMA 1. Electronic Recording Method Accounting

2. Electronic Recording Machine AccountingERMES Enhanced Radio Messaging System (ETSI)ERN Early Routing NodeERO European Radiocommunications Office (CEPT)ERP 1. Effective Radiated Power (antenna parameter)

2. Enterprise Resource Planning (ICT)ERS 3. European Remote-sensing SatelliteERSS European Remote Sensing SatelliteERTMS The European Railway Traffic Management SystemERTS Earth Resources Technology Satellite (remote sensing)Es/No Energy per symbol to Noise power spectral density

(ratio)ES 1. Earth Station

2. Electronic Switch3. Expert Systems4. Errored Seconds (MUX)5. End System (ATM)6. Exchange Service (BellSouth)7. Enhanced Services

ES-IS End System to Intermediate System (protocol)ESA 1. European Space Agency (France)

2. Emergency Stand-Alone3. Electronic Spectrum Analyzer4. Electronically Steered Array (microwave antennas)

ESAS Electronic Service Activation System (Inmarsat)ESBAR Epitaxial Schottky Barrier (diode)Esc 1. Escape key (PC keyboard)

2. Engineering Service CircuitsESC Egyptian Space Communications (Egypt)ESCA 1. European Speech Communication Association

2. Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical AnalysisESCD Extended System Configuration Data (computer BIOS)ESCON Enterprise System Connectivity (service)ESD 1. Electrostatic Discharge

2. Electrostatic Sensitive Device3. Electronic Software Distribution4. Error Signal Degrade (MUX)

ESDA Electronic System Design Automation (ICT)ESDI Enhanced Small Device Interface (hard disk)ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronized Dynamic RAM (memory)



ESF 1. Extended Super-Frame format (T-1 line)

2. European Science Foundation

ESFMU Extended Super-Frame Monitoring Unit

ESG Event Schedule Guide (broadcasting)

ESH End System Hello packet

ESI 1. Enhanced Serial Interface (computer)2. End System Identifier (ATM)3. Equivalent Step Index (profile)4. Environmental Sensing Instrument

ESL Equivalent Series inductance (electronics)

ESLNT Equivalent Satellite Link Noise Temperature

ESM 1. Extended Subscriber Module

2. Electronic warfare Support Measure

3. Electronic Support Measure

4. Element and Subnetwork Manager

ESMA Extended Subscriber Module-100 A

ESMR Enhanced Specialized Mobile Radio (cellularnetworks)

ESMTP Extended Simple Mail-Transfer Protocol

ESMU Extended Subscriber Module-100 URBAN

ESN 1. Electronic Security Number (GSM)

2. Emergency Services (telephone) Number

3. Electronic-Switched Network

ESnet Energy Science network

ESNUG E-mail Synopsis User Group

ESOs European Standardization Organizations

ESOC European Space Operations CenterESP 1. Enhanced Serial Port (computer)

2. Enhanced Service Provider3. Encapsulating Security Payload4. Ethernet Service Provider5. Earth Surface Potential

ESPA 1. European Selective Paging Association

2. Educational Software Publishers Association(e-learning)

ESPAN Enhanced Switch Port Analyzer

ESPRIT European Strategic Program for Research inInformation Technology

ESQ End System Query packet

ESR 1. Equivalent Series Resistance (electronics)2. Electronic Spin Resonance (microwave)3. Errored Seconds Ratio


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ESS 1. Electronic Switching System (Lucent Technologies)2. Event Synchronization System

EST Electroshock TherapyESTEC European Space Research and Technology Center

(Netherlands)ESTO European Science and Technology ObservatoryESU Electrostatic Unit (parameter)ESZ Emergency Service ZoneET Exchange TerminationETA Electronic Technicians AssociationETACS Extended TACS (British cellular)ETB 1. End of Transmission Block (control character)

2. Electronic Term Book3. Electronic Test Bed4. Engineers Tool Box

ETC 1. Enhanced Throughput Cellular (protocol)2. Earth Terminal Complex3. Electronic Toll Collecting

ETCP Electrolytic Tough-pitch Copper (wires)ETDM Electrical Time-Division MultiplexingETDMA Extended TDMA (access)ETE Equivalent Telephone ErlangsETF European Telecsonferencing FederationETFTP Enhanced Trivial FTP (networking)EtherLEC Ethernet Local Exchange CarrierETI Electronic Telephone InterfaceETIS European Telecommunication Informatics ServicesETITO Electro-Technology Industry Training OrganizationETL Embedded Transmission Line (microwave)ETM 1. Electronic Ticketing Machine

2. Enhanced Thermic Mapper (remote sensing)ETN Electronic Tandem NetworkETNOA European Telecommunications Network Operations

AssociationETNS Emergency Telephone Number SystemETO European Telecommunications OfficeETPI Eastern Telecommunications of Philippines Inc.ETR 1. ETSI Technical Report

2. Effective Transmission Rate3. Estimated Time of Repairing

ETRA Egyptian Telecommunications Regulatory AuthorityETRF Electrically Tuned RF (filter)ETRI Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute

(Korea)



ETS 1. European Telecommunication Standard (GSM)2. European Technology Services3. Engineering Test Satellite (Japan)4. Effective Transmission Speed5. ETSI Technical Specification6. Electronic Tandem Switching7. Ethernet Terminal Server8. Electronic Technology Systems

ETSA European Telecommunication Services AssociationETSI European Telecommunications Standardization

Institute (France)ETT Electro Thermal ThrusterETTM Electronic Toll and Traffic ManagementETV 1. Educational TV (e-learning)

2. European Training Village (e-learning)ETX End-of-Transmission (control character)EU European UnionEUC Extended UNIX CodeEUCL End User Common Line chargeEUI-48 Extended Unique Identifier-48 (bits)EUI-64 Extended Unique Identifier-64 (bits)EULA End-User License Agreement (softwares)Eumetsat European Meteorological Satellite (organization)EUNet European UNIX NetworkEURESCOM European institute for Research and Strategic studies in

TelecommunicationsEuro ISDN European ISDNEUROBIT European Association of Business Machine Manufac-

turers and Information TechnologyEUROCAE European Organization for Civil Aviation ElectronicsEUT Equipment Under TestEUTOTELDEV European Telecommunication DevelopmentEutelsat European Telecommunications Satellite (organization)EUTP Enhanced Unshielded Twisted PairEUV Extreme Ultra-VioleteV electronvolt (unit of energy)EV European VideotelephonyEVPRT Event PrinterEV-DO Evolution Data Only servicesEVA Electronic Value AddedEVC Enhanced Video Connection (standard)EVDV Evolution Data VoiceEVM Error Vector MagnitudeEVR Electronic Video Recording


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EVRC Enhanced Variable Rate voice CoderEW Electronic Warfare (interference)EWOS European Workshop for Open SystemsEWP Electronic White PagesEWSD ElektronischesWahl SystemDigital (Siemens Switching

system)EWSM Electronic Warfare Support MeasureEWTIS European Waters Traffic Information SystemEXCA Exchangeable Card ArchitectureEXCSA Exchange Carrier Standards Association.exe Filename extension for executables programes

(computer)EXM Exit MessageEXOR Exclusive OR (digital gate)EXOS 1. Extension Outside

2. Exospheric SatelliteEXP expansionext externalEXT extensionEXTN extensionEXZ Excessive Zeros (data encoding)EYP Electronic Yellow PagesEZ East Zone beam



F f

f 1. Symbol for prefix femto-, denoting 10K15

2. Symbol for FrequencyF 1. Symbol for Farad (unit of capacitance)

2. Symbol for Filament of tubes (electronics)3. Symbol for Focal length4. Symbol for Fixed service (ITU-T)

F key Function keyF Port Fabric PortF-BCCH Fast Broadcast Control ChannelF-ES Fixed End SystemF/D Focal Length-to-Diameter (ratio)F/O Fiber OpticsF/V Frequency-to-Voltage (converter)F/V-V/F Frequency-to-Voltage or Voltage-to-Frequency

(converter)F33 Fleet 33 (Inmarsat terminal)F55 Fleet 55 (Inmarsat terminal)F77 Fleet 77 (Inmarsat terminal)fA femtoampereFA Fault AlarmFAA 1. Federal Aviation Administration

2. Frequency Assignment AuthorityFAC 1. Forced Authorization Code

2. Final Assembly Code (GSM mobile station)

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F

117

FACC Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation(company)

FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel (GSM)FACOM Fully Automatic ComputerFACS Facilities Access Control SystemFACT 1. Fabrication And Continuity Test Program (Intelsat)

2. Fairchild Advanced CMOS Technology (electronics)FACTE Fujitsu Access & Transport EquipmentFAD Function Access DomainFADS Force Administration Data SystemFAL Frame Alignment Loss (MUX)FALU Floating-point Arithmetic Logic Unit (computer)FAM Fast Access MemoryFAMA Fixed-Assigned Multiple AccessFAN 1. Flexible Access Network

2. Far Area NetworkFANE Flexible Access Network ElementFANP Flow Attribute Notification Protocol (routing)FANS Future Air Navigation System (aviation)fanzine An online magazine for fans of a particular group

of personsFAP 1. Fuse Alarm Panel

2. Formats And ProtocolsFAQ Frequently Asked Questions (ICT)FAR 1. Federal Aviation Regulation

2. False Alarm RateFARNet Federation of American Research NetworkFAS 1. Frame Alignment Signal (MUX)

2. Frame Acquisition and Synchronization3. Facility-Associated Signaling

FASIC Function and Algorithm-Specific Integrated CircuitFASSET Functional Advanced Satellite System for Evaluation

and TestFAST Fairchild Advanced Schottky TTL (electronics)FAT 1. File Allocation Table (computer)

2. Factory Acceptance TestsFATAM File Application, Transfer, Access, and ManagementFAU Fixed Access Unit (wireless)FAW Frame Alignment Word (MUX)FAX short term for Facsimile Equipment/MachineFB 1. Framing Bit

2. Fine Business (Morse code transmissions)3. Frequency Correction Burst (GSM)

FBBC Full Baud Bipolar Coding



FBC Facility-Based CarrierFBG Fiber Bragg GratingFBO Facilities-Based Operator (VPNs)FBSS Full Band Spread SpectrumFBT Fused Biconic TaperFBU 1. Functional Business Unit

2. Failed Before Utilization (Bellsouth)FBus Frame Transport BusFBW 1. Forward Band Working (Intelsat)

2. Fractional BandwidthFBWA Fixed Broadband Wireless AccessFBX Fujitsu Broadband Cross-connect NodeFC 1. Feedback Control

2. Frame Control (networking)3. Fiber-optic Connector (NTT)4. Fiber Channel5. Forecast Center Station (Intelsat)

FC and PC Face Contact and Point ContactFC Switch Fiber Channel SwitchFC-0 Fiber Channel level 0FC-1 Fiber Channel level 1FC-2 Fiber Channel level 2FC-3 Fiber Channel level 3FC-4 Fiber Channel level 4FC-AL Fiber Channel-Arbitrated Loop (networking)FC-EL Fiber Channel-Enhanced Loop (networking)FC-PGA Flip Chip-Pin Grid Array (microchips)FC-PH Fiber Channel Physical StandardFCA 1. Fiber Channel Association (U.S. standards

organization)2. Flip-Chip Assembly3. Free Carrier

FCAPS Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance, andSecurity

FCB File Control Block (MS-DOS)FCBGA Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array (microchips)FCC 1. Federal Communications Commission (standards)

2. Flexible Control CableFCCH Frequency Correction Channel (GSM)FCCRP Federal Communications Commission Registration

ProgramFCD Facility Completion Date

FCI Forward Call Indicator


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F

FCIA Fiber Channel Industry AssociationFCIP Fiber Channel over IP (Cisco)FCLC Fiber Channel Loop CommunityFCN functionFCOS Feature Class Of ServiceFCOT Fiber Control Office TerminalFCS 1. Frame Checking Sequence (transmission)

2. Fraud Control System (MCI)3. Facility Control System4. Federation of Communication Services (U.K.)5. Fiber Channel Specification

FCSI Fiber Channel System Initiative (IBM)FCT 1. Fixed Cellular Terminal

2. Fast CMOS TechnologyFCW 1. Federal Computer Week (magazine)

2. Fiber Cutoff Wavelength (fiber optics)FD Functional Description (Intelsat)FDB 1. Fahrenheit Dry Bulb

2. Functional Description Block (Intelsat)FDC 1. Flight Dynamics and Commanding (Intelsat)

2. Floppy Disk Controller (computer)FDCC Forward Control ChannelFDCCH Forward Digital Control Channel (cellular networks)FDD 1. Floppy Diskette Drive (computer)

2. Frequency-Division Duplexing (transmission)FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (LANs)FDE Frequency Domain EqualizerFDF Fiber Distribution FrameFDFD Finite Difference Frequency DomainFDHM Full Duration at Half MaximumFDHP Full Duplex Handshaking ProtocolFDI Feeder Distribution Interface (switching)FDL Facilities Data Link (T-1)FDM Frequency-Division MultiplexingFDMA Frequency-Division Multiple AccessFDP 1. Fiber-optic Distribution Panel

2. Fractional Degradation of PerformanceFDPL Foreign Data Processor Link (PBX)FDR Frequency Domain Reflectometry

(microwave)FDS Frequency-Division SwitchingFDTD Finite Difference Time DomainFDX Full-Duplex (transmission)



FE 1. Functional Entity2. Format Effector (control character)

FEA 1. Field-Emitter Array (displays)2. Finite-Element Array (microchips)

FEBE Far-End Block Error (MUX)FEC 1. Forward Error Correction (transmission)

2. Forwarding Equivalence Class3. Far-End Cross talk4. Future ECM Computer5. Flexible Etched Circuits

FECC Federal Emergency Communications CoordinatorFECCOD FEC EncoderFECDEC FEC DecoderFECM Future Entitlement Control MessageFECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (frame relay)FED 1. Field Emission Display (TV and monitor)

2. Fire Emitting Diode3. Frequency Error Detector

FEFO First Ended, First OutFEI Federation of the Electronics Industry (United

Kingdom)FEL Free Electron LaserFEM Finite-Element MethodFEMA Federal Emergency Management AgencyFEN Feeder Echo Noise (antenna)FENS Fujitsu-Enhanced Network Management SystemFEP 1. Front-End Processor (network computer)

2. Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene-insulated wireFER Frame Error RateFERF Far-End Remote Failure alarm (MUX)FERL Further Education Resource For Learning (ICT)FERM Forward Explicit Rate Management (ATM)FES 1. Fixed Earth Station

2. Frequency Exchange Signaling3. Field-Emission Spectroscopy (electronics)4. Fixed End System

FET Field-Effect Transistor (semiconductors)FETA FET AmplifierFEX Foreign Exchange TrunkFEXT Far-End Cross-Talk (transmission)FF 1. “Form Feed” (printer function)

2. Flip-Flop3. Fast Forward

FFDI Fast Fiber Data Interface


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F

FFL Front Focal Length (fiber optics)FFM Flat Fade MarginFFO Fixed-Frequency OscillatorFFOL Fiber Flow On LANFFP Federation of Functional ProcessorFFS Flash File StandardFFSK Fast FSK (modulation)FFT 1. Fast Fourier Transform (algorithm)

2. Fast File TransferFFTDCA Final-Form Text Document Content ArchitectureFG Functional Group (ATM)FGA Feature Group AFGB Feature Group BFGC Feature Group CFGC-EA Feature Group C and Equal AccessFGCPW Finite Groundplane CoplanarWaveguide (microwave)FGD Feature Group DFGD-EA Feature Group D and Equal AccessFGDC Federal Geographic Data CommitteeFGM Fixed Gain ModeFGS Felicity Grounding SystemFH Frequency-Hopping (transmission)FH-CDMA Frequency-Hopping—CDMA (access)FHMA Frequency-Hopping Multiple AccessFHSS Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (transmission)FIA Fiber-optic Industry AssociationFIB Forward Indicator Bit (SS7 message)FIC Flight Information Center (aviation)FICON Fiber Connectivity (IBM)FID Field Identifier (ISDN)FIF Fractal Image FormatFIFO “First In, First Out” (buffer memories)FIGS Figure ShiftFILO “First In, Last Out” (memory and data communication)FIN Field Inspection NoticeFIPS Federal Information Processing StandardsFIR 1. Finite Impulse Response (filter)

2. Fast Infrared (port)FIRM Functionally Integrated Resource ManagerFIRMR Federal Information ResourceManagement RegulationFIRST Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams

(organization)FIS Forms Interchange StandardFISINT Foreign Instrumentation Signal Intelligence



FISK Fax a disk (sending information on phone line)FISO Fast In, Slow Out (memories)FISU Fill-In Signal Unit (SS7 message)FIT Failures In TimeFITE Forward Interworking Telephony EventFITL Fiber-In-The-LoopFIU Facsimile Interface UnitFIX Federal Internet ExchangeFK Foreign KeyFL 1. Fiber Line

2. Fault LocatingFLAG Fiber-optic Link Around the Globe (Cable Consortium)FLB Facility Loop BackFLC 1. Fiber Loop Carrier

2. Ferroelectric Liquid CrystalFLCD Ferroelectric Liquid-Crystal DisplayFLEC Forward-Looking Economic CostFleetBB Fleet Broad-Band (Inmarsat).fli Name extension for animation files in the FLI

file formatFLINK Combination of a Flash and a Wink signalFLIR Forward-Looking Infrared unitFLL Fiber-in-the-Loop-LocalFLM Fujitsu Lightwave MultiplexerFLOP Floating-point OperationFLOPS Floating-point Operations Per Second (computer

speed)FLR Forward-Looking RadarFM 1. Frequency Modulation

2. Full Modulation3. Fault Management

FM-band Frequency Modulation band ranging from 88 to108 MHz

FM/AM Amplitude Modulation of a carrier by subcarriers thatare Frequency-Modulated by information

FM/PM Phase Modulation of a carrier by subcarriers that areFrequency-Modulated by information

FMA Fixed-Mount AntennaFMAS Facility Maintenance and Administration SystemFMB Frame Marker BusFMBS Frame Mode Bearer ServiceFMC 1. Fixed Mobile Convergence (service)

2. Forward Motion Compensator (remote sensing)FMCW Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (radar)


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F

FMFB Frequency Modulation FeedbackFMI Fixed Mobile IntegrationFMIC Flexible MVIP Interface CircuitFMIF FM Improvement FactorFMLB First Make/Last Break (connectors)FMS 1. Fleet Management Service

2. Flight Management System3. Flexible Manufacturing System (ICT)

FMT Fade Migration TechniqueFMV Fair Market ValueFN Frame Number (GSM)FNA Functional Network ArchitectureFNC Federal Networking Council (NASA)FNPA Foreign Numbering Plan AreaFNPRM Further Notice of Proposed Rule-Making (FCC)FNR 1. Fixed Network Reconfiguration

2. Faculty Network ResourcesFNS 1. Fiber Network Systems

2. Fiber Network ServiceFO Fiber OpticsFOA 1. Fiber-Optic Amplifier

2. Fiber-Optic Association, Inc.3. First Office Application

FOB Free Onboard (contracts)FOBP Fractional Out-of-Band PowerFOC 1. Firm Order Confirmation

2. Fiber-Optic Combiner3. Fiber-Optic Connector4. Full Operational Compatibility

FOCC Fiber-Optic Cable ComponentFOCUS Federation On Computing in the United StatesFOD Fax-On-DemandFODA FIFO-Ordered Demand AssignmentFODU Fiber-Optic Distribution UnitFOG Fiber-Optic Around the Golf (cable consortium)FOI Act Freedom Of Information ActFoIP Fax over IPFOIRL Fiber-Optic Inter-Repeater Link (IEEE)FOL Fiber-Optic LinkFOM Fiber-Optic ModemFOMA Freedom Of Multimedia AccessFORTRAN Formula Translation (programming language)FOSDIC Film Optical Sensing Device for Input to ComputerFOSSIL Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard Interface Layer



FOT 1. Fiber-Optic Transmitter2. Frequency of Optimum Transmission

FOTM Fiber-Optic Test MethodFOTP Fiber-Optic Test ProcedureFOTS 1. Fiber-Optic Transmission System

2. Fiber-Optic Telemedicine SystemFOV Field Of View (remote sensing)FOWM Fiber-Optic Well MonitoringFOX Fiber-Optic extenderFP 1. Feature Package (software)

2. File Processor3. Floating Point

FPBGA Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array (microchips)FPCB Field-Programmable Circuit BoardFPD 1. Full Page Display

2. Flat Panel DisplayFPDL Foreign Processor Data Link (Rockwell)FPG Feature Planning GuideFPGA 1. Field-Programmable Gate Array (digital electronics)

2. Fine-Pitch Grid Array (microchips)FPH Free Phone (INs)FPI Formal Public IdentifierFPIC Field-Programmable Interconnect ChipFPID Field-Programmable Interconnect DeviceFPIS Forward Propagation Ionospheric Scatter (fiber optics)FPLA Field-Programmable Logic Array (digital electronics)FPLMTS Future Public LandMobile Telecommunication System

(ITU)FPM DRAM Fast Page Mode Dynamic RAM (memory)FPN Floating-Point NumberFPODA Fixed Priority-Oriented Demand Assignment (access

technique)FPP 1. Fixed Path Protocol

2. Fiber-optic Patch Panelfps frames per second (video images)FPS 1. Fast Packet Switching

2. Fault Protection Subsystem (power)3. Focus Projection and Scanning4. First Person Shooter (video games)5. Frames Per Second (video or 3D games)

FPSLIC Field-Programmable System-Level ICFPT Forced Perfect Terminator (IBM)FPU Floating-Point Unit (circuit)FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name (Internet)


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F

FQFP Fine-pitch Quad Flat PackFR 1. Frame Relay (access protocol)

2. Full Rate codec3. Flat Rate Service

FRA Fixed Radio Access (WLLs)FRAD 1. Frame Relay Access Device

2. Frame Relay Assembler/DisassemblerFRAM Ferroelectric RAM (memory)FRBS Frame Relaying Bearer ServiceFRC Functional Redundancy CheckingFRCID Frame Relay Cable Interface DeviceFRD Fire Retardant (cables)FRED Fast Recovery Epitaxial DiodeFREE Forum for Responsible and Ethical E-mailFreeBSD Free Berkeley Software/Standard Distribution (ICT)Freq 1. Frequency

2. File requestFRF 1. Frame Relay Forum

2. Frequency Response FunctionFRL Facility Restriction Level (AT&T)FRLP Forward and Return Link Pair (Inmarsat)FRM 1. Focus–Rotation Mount

2. Fixed-Reference ModulationFRMR Frame RejectFRND Frame Relay Network DeviceFRP Fast Reservation ProtocolFRS 1. Flat Rate Service

2. Frame Relay Service3. Family Radio Service4. Field Routing System

FRSE Frame Relay Switching EquipmentFRSP Frame Relay Service ProviderFRST Foundation for Research Science & Technology

(New Zealand)FRTE Frame Relay Terminal EquipmentFRTT Fixed Round-Trip TimeFRU Field Replacement Unitfs femtosecond (10K15 s)FS 1. Fixed Service (Intelsat)

2. Fix Stuff (MUX)3. File Separator4. Full Scale (test equipments)5. Field Strength6. Frame Status (networking)



FSAA Full Screen Anti-Aliasing (ICT)FSAN Full Services Access Network (ATM-based optical

network)FSAPT Faculty of Scientific-Applied Post and

Telecommunications (Iran)FSB Front Side Bus (computer)FSBS Frame Switching Bearer ServiceFSC 1. Fiber-Switched Capable (GMPLS)

2. Frequency Spectrum Congestion (transmission)FSCS Frequency-Selective Conducting SurfaceFSD Frequency Spectrum Designation (propagation)FSDPSK Filtered Symmetric Differential PSK (modulation)FSF 1. Free Software Foundation

2. Frequency Scaling FactorFSK Frequency-Shift Keying (modulation)FSL 1. Fiber Subscriber Loop

2. Free Space Loss3. Flexible Service Logic4. Facsimile Signal Level

FSN 1. Full Service Network2. Forward Sequence Number (GSM)

FSO 1. Foreign Switching Office2. Free Space Optics

FSOQ Frequency Shift Offset Quadrature (modulation)FSP 1. File Service Protocol

2. Fiber-optic Splice PanelFSR 1. Full-Scale Range

2. Full Sheet ResonanceFSS 1. Fixed Satellite Service frequency band (ITU)

2. Frequency-Selective SurfaceFST Frequency-Shift TelegraphyFSTC Financial Services Technology ConsortiumFSTS Federal Secure Telephone Systemft footft2 square footft/min foot per minuteft3/min cubic foot per minuteft/s foot per secondFT France Telecom (company)FT-1 Functional T-1FT-3 Functional T-3FTA Federal Telecommunications ActFTAM File Transfer, Access & Management (protocol)FT Bus Frame Transport Bus


F f & 127

F

FTC Fast Time Constant (algorithm)FTE 1. Facsimile Terminal Equipment

2. Full-Time Equivalent (call center)FTIP Fiber Transport Inside PlantFTL Flash Translation Layer (PCMCIA standard)FTMSC France Telecom Mobile Satellite CommunicationsFTNS Fixed Telecommunications Network ServiceFTP 1. File Transfer Protocol (networking)

2. Foil Twisted Pair (cables)FTS 1. File Transfer Support

2. Finite Time Stability (ATM)FTSC 1. Federal Telecommunication Standards Committee

2. FidoNet Technical Standards CommitteeFTT Fault-Tracing TimeFTTB 1. Fiber-To-The-Building (fiber optics)

2. Fiber-To-The-Business (fiber optics)FTTC Fiber-To-The-Curb (fiber optics)FTTCab Fiber-To-The-Cabinet (fiber optics)FTTH Fiber-To-The-Home (fiber optics)FTTL Fiber-To-The-Loop (fiber optics)FTTN Fiber-To-The-Neighborhood (fiber optics)FTTO Fiber-To-The-Office (fiber optics)FTTP Fiber-To-The-Premise (fiber optics)FTTS Fiber-To-The-Subscriber (fiber optics)FU Frame UnitFUNI Frame-based User–Network Interface (ATM)FUT Fiber Under TestfV femtovoltFVC 1. Forward Voice Channel

2. Frequency-to-Voltage Converter (electronics)FVO Field Verification OfficeFVR Flexible Vocabulary RecognitionfW femtowattFWA 1. Fixed Wireless Access

2. Forward-Wave crossed-field Amplifier (electronics)FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum (pulse)FWLL Fixed Wireless Local LoopFWM Four-Wave Mixing (fiber optics)FX 1. Foreign Exchange (service)

2. Fixed serviceFXC Fiber switch Cross-ConnectFXO Foreign Exchange OfficeFXS Foreign Exchange StationFZA Fresnel Zone Antenna



G g

g 1. Symbol for acceleration due to Earth’s gravity(9.81 m/s2)2. Symbol for gram (unit of weight)

G 1. Symbol for prefix giga-, denoting 109 or 230

2. Symbol for Gauss (unit of magnetic induction)3. Symbol for Grid of tubes (electronics)4. Symbol for Gravitational force5. Symbol for Gate (FETs)6. Symbol for electrical conductance7. Symbol for Gain (antennas and amplifiers)

G-M counter Geiger–Mueller counter (electronics)G-MSC Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GSM)G/A Ground-to-Air communicationG/G Ground-to-Ground communicationG/T Gain-to-noise Temperature (ratio)G2 Symbol for Intelligence, meaning secret information

(U.S. Army)G2B Government-to-Business (e-commerce)G2C Government-to-Consumer (e-commerce)G2G Government-to-Government (e-commerce)G3 Fax Group 3 Fax systemG4 Fax Group 4 Fax system

AU5866—CHAPTER G—G—12/7/2007—10:57—GANESHV—274409—XML MODEL E – pp. 129–137

G

129

GA 1. Go Ahead (telex)2. General Assembly (ETSI)3. Generally Available (contracts)

GaALAs Gallium–Aluminum–Arsenide (semiconductors)GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesGaAs Gallium–Arsenide (semiconductors)GaAsFET Gallium–Arsenide FET (semiconductors)GaAsP Gallium–Arsenide Phosphide (semiconductors)GAB 1. Group Access Bridging (service)

2. Group Audio Bridging3. Group Asynchronous Browsing

GAC 1. Global Area Coverage2. Government Advisory Committee (Internet)

GAGAN GPS And GEO Augmentated Navigation (India)GAL Generic Array Logic (digital electronics)GaInAs Gallium–Indium–Arsenide (semiconductors)GAM GPS-Aided MunitionsGaN Gallium Nitride (semiconductors)GAN Global Area Network (Inmarsat)GaP Gallium Phosphide (semiconductors)GAP 1. Generic Access Profile (DECT)

2. Ground-to-Air Paging3. Generic Access Profile (Bluetooth)

GARP 1. Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (VLANs)2. Global Atmospheric Research Program3. Growth At a Reasonable Price

GARS Geological Applications for Remote SensingGAT 1. Generic Addressing and Transport Protocol

2. Go Ahead Tone (fiber optics)GATM Global Air Traffic Management (aviation)GAW Global Atmosphere WatchGAZEL Global Arizona E-Learning (E-learning)Gb 1. Gigabit, which is 1,000,000,000 bits (transmission)

2. Gilbert (unit of magnetomotive force)Gb/s Gigabit per secondGbE Gigabit EthernetGbps Gigabits per second (transmission)GB Gigabyte, which is 230 or 1024 times Megabyte

(computer)GBAS Ground-Based Augmentation SystemGBCS Global Business Communications Systems (AT&T)GBH Group Busy Hour (MUX)GBIC Gigabit Interface Converter (Ethernet)GBM Gulf Business Machines (Abu Dhabi)



GBN GPRS Backbone NetworkGBR Ground-Based RadarGC Global CoverageGCA 1. Game Control Adapter (computer)

2. Ground-Controlled Approach (radar system)3. Gain-Controlled Amplifier

GCAC Generic Connection Admission Control (ATM)GCD Great Circle DistanceGCE Ground Communications EquipmentGCF Global Certifications Forum (GSM)GCI 1. Graphic Character Internal (Siemens)

2. Ground-Controlled Interception (radar)GCMD Global Change Master Directory (NASA)GCOM Global Climate Observation Mission (remote sensing)GCPW Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (microwave)GCRA Generic Call Rate Algorithm (ATM)GCS 1. Ground Control Station

2. Global Communications Service3. Governmental Communication Systems4. Gate-Controlled Switch (electronics)

GCT Greenwich Civil Time (UTC)GD Graceful Discard (frame relay)GDDM Graphical Data Display Manager (SNA)GDE Group-Delay EqualizerGDF Group Distribution Frame (MUX)GDG Global Development Gateway (World Bank)GDHS Ground Data Handling SystemGDI Graphics Device Interface (MS Windows)GDMO Guidelines for the Definition of Managed ObjectsGDN Graphic Display NetworkGDOP Geometric Dilution Of PrecisionGDPS Global Data Processing SystemGE 1. Gigabit Ethernet

2. Good Evening (Morse code transmissions)GEA Gigabit Ethernet AllianceGEANet Gigabit European Academic Network (fiber network)GEDCOM Genealogical Data Communication (data exchange

format)GEM 1. Graphics Environment Manager

2. Gateway of Educational Materials (E-learning)GEMS Global Environmental Monitoring System (United

Nations)GEN generatorGencam Generic Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICT)


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G

GENTEX General TelexGENIAC Genius Almost-Automatic ComputerGENIE General Electric Network for Information ExchangeGEO 1. Geostationary Earth Orbiting (satellite)

2. Geosynchronous Earth Orbiting (satellite)GEOS Geoworks Operating SystemGEOSS Global Earth Observation System of Systems (remote

sensing)GEQ Gain EqualizerGERAN GSM–Edge Radio Access Network (GSM)GES Ground Earth Station (Inmarsat)GETS Government Emergency Telecommunications ServiceGeV Gigaelectronvolt (109 eV)GF Gold Franc (billing)GFC Generic Flow Control (ATM)GFCI Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (circuit breaker)GFE Government Furnished EquipmentGFI 1. Group Format Identifier (packet switching)

2. Ground-Fault Interrupter (circuit breaker)GFLOPS One billion Floating-point Operations Per Second

(computer)GFM Graphics File ManagerGFP 1. Generic Framing Procedure

2. Global Function Plane (INs)3. Ground Fault Protector

GFSK Gaussian FSK (modulation)GFXO Ground start FXOGFXS Ground start FXSGGP Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol (DARPA)GGRF GSM Global Roaming ForumGGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node (cellular networks)GH Effect Gordon-Hous Effect (transmission)GHOST GSM Hosted SMS TeleservicesGHz Gigahertz (109 Hz)GI Grade Index (fiber optics)GIAC Global Incident Analysis CenterGIC 1. General Instrument Corporation

2. Gigabit Interface Converter3. Geomagnetically Induced Current

GID GARP Information DeclarationGIDEP Government and Industries Data Exchange

Program.gif Name extension for GIF format files (graphics)GIF Graphical Interchange Format (imaging)



Gig 1. Gigabits per second2. Gigahertz per second

Gig-E Gigabit-EthernetGIGAMO Gigabyte-class Magneto-Optical (storage technology)GIGO Garbage In, Garbage Out (computer)GII Global Information InfrastructureGIIC Global Information Infrastructure CommissionGILC Global Internet Library CampaignGILS Government Information Locator ServiceGIM Group Identification Mark (cellular networks)GIMP GNU Image Manipulation Program (software)GIP 1. GSM/DECT Interworking Profile

2. Graded-Index Profile (fiber optics)3. GARP Information Protocol

GIS 1. Geographical Information System (ICT)2. Geeky Internal Stuff (database)3. General Information Services4. General Information Sessions5. Global Information Society6. Geospatial Information System

GISIS Global Integrated Shipping Information System (IMO)GITS Government Information Technology ServiceGIX Global Internet ExchangeGJISI Global Justice Information Sharing InitiativeGJXDM Global Justice XML Data Model (U.S.A.)GKP Global Knowledge PartnersGKS Graphical Kernel SystemGL Graphics LibraryGLIS Global Land Information SystemGLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (Russia)GLR-L Global Location Register—Local (mobile networks)GLR-N Global Location Register—Network (mobile networks)GM Good Morning (Morse code transmissions)Gmax maximum GainGMCR Globe-Mackay Cable and Radio CorporationGMD Guaranteed Message DeliveryGMDSS GlobalMaritime Distress and Safety System (COMSAR)GMES Global Monitoring for Environmental and SecurityGMII Gigabit Media-Independent InterfaceGMP Global Managed PlatformGMPCS GlobalMobile Personal Communication System (ITU-T)GMPLS Generalized Multiprotocol Label SwitchingGMR Giant Magneto Resistance effectGMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (networking)


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G

GMS 1. Geostationary Meteorological Satellite2. Generic Maintenance System

GMSC Gateway Mobile Switching CenterGMSK Gaussian-filtered MSK (GSM modulation)GMT Greenwich Mean TimeGN Good Night (Morse code transmissions)GNCT Generalized No Circuit TreatmentGND Ground (electronics)GNE Gateway Network Element (SONET)GNMC Global Network Management CenterGNN Global Network Navigator (Web-based information

service)GNOME GNU Object Model EnvironmentGNSS Global Navigational Satellite System (U.S.A.)GNU GNU’s Not Unix Operating SystemGO-MVIP Global Organization for MVIP, Inc. (U.S.A.)GOES 1. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

2. Geostationary Orbiting Earth SatelliteGOF Glass Optical FiberGOGO Government-Owned, Government-OperatedGU Gigaohm (electronics)GOLD Global Online DirectoryGOM Generic Object ModelGOME Global Ozone Monitoring ExperimentGOMOS Global Ozone Monitoring System (remote sensing)GOMS Geostationary Operational Meteorological SatelliteGOPS One billion Operations Per Second (computer)GORIZONT The Russian geostationary telecommunications satelliteGORS General Organization of Remote Sensing (Syria)GoS Grade of ServiceGOS Global Observing SystemGOSAT Greenhouse gas Observing SatelliteGOSIP Government Open System Interconnection Profile

(OSI model)GPA General Purpose Adapter (AT&T)GPC Gateway Protocol ConverterGPCL General Premises Cabling LicenseGPF General Protection Fault (MS Windows).jpg Name extension for JPEG format files (graphics)GPI 1. GTI Physical Interface

2. GammaFax Programmers Interface3. Glide Path Indicator4. Ground Position Indicator

GPIB General-Purpose Interface Bus (computer)



GPIRS Global Positioning Inertial Reference SystemGPL 1. General Public License (Free Software Foundation)

2. Graphical Programming LanguageGPM Global Precipitation Measurement (remote sensing)GPoP Global Point of PresenceGPR Ground-Penetrating RadarGPRS General Packet Radio Service (cellular network)GPS 1. Global Positioning System

2. Global Position SpottingGPTC General Post and Telecom Company (Libya)GPU Graphics Processing Unit (computer)GQFP Guard-ring Quad Flat PackGR Generic Requirements (Telcordia Technologies)GRC Ground Return CircuitGRE Generic Router Encapsulation (Internet)GREJ Group RejectGREP Generalized Regular Expression Parser (Unix utility)GRIC Global Reach Internet ConnectionGRID Global Resource Information Database (remote

sensing)GRIN 1. Gradient Index (fiber optics)

2. Graded Index (fiber optics)GRM General Relationship ModelGRSU 1. Generic Remote Switch Unit

2. Geographic Remote Switch UnitGRX GPRS Roaming ExchangeGS Group SeparatorGS Trunk Ground Start TrunkGSA General Services Administration (U.S.A.)GSC Global Standards Collaboration (ETSI)GSDN Global Software Defined Network (AT&T)GSF Generic Services Framework (software design)GSI 1. Grand-Scale Integration (microchips)

2. Glide Slope IndicatorGSM Global System for Mobile Communications (Europe)GSM-900 GSM at 900 MHzGSM-R GSM Standard for Railway ApplicationsGSMA GSM AssociationGSMP General Switch Management Protocol (ATM)GSMPLMN GSM Public Land Mobile NetworkGSN 1. Gateway Switching Node

2. Gigabyte System Network3. Global Subscriber Number

GSO Geostationary Orbit (satellite)


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GSO-FSS Geostationary Satellite Orbit—Fixed Satellite ServiceGSOC German Space Operations CenterGSR Gigabit Switch RouterGSS Group Switch SelectorGSSA Generic Security Service ApplicationGSSAP Generic Security Service ApplicationGSTN Global-Switched Telephone Network (ITU-T)GT 1. Global Title

2. Gain TransferGTA 1. Government Telecommunications Association

(U.S.A.)2. Guam Telephone Authority

GTE 1. General Telephone and Electronics (company)2. Group Translating Equipment

GTI Generic Traffic InterfaceGTL 1. Global Tele-Systems Ltd (India)

2. Gunning Transceiver Logic (CMOS circuits)GTLD Generic Top-Level Domain (Internet)GTLC Gunning Transceiver Logic Plus (CMOS circuits)GTLP Gunning Transceiver Logic Plus (electronics)GTMOSI General Teleprocessing Monitor for OSIGTN Global Transaction Network (AT&T)GTO 1. Geostationary Transfer Orbit

2. Gate Turn-Off3. General Telecommunications Organization(Oman)

GTOC General Telephone Operating CompanyGTP 1. General Telemetry Processor

2. Generalized Trunk Protocol3. GNOME Translation Project4. Green Transport Plans5. Government Telecommunications Program

GTS 1. Global Telecommunications System2. Global TeleSystems (company)3. Government Telecommunications System

GTSS Global Telecom Solutions Sector (Motorola)GTT Global Title TranslationGUI Graphical User Interface (computer)GUID Global Unique Identification (component object

model)GUM Grand Unified Multicast (IETF)GVF Global VSAT Forum (England)GVI Global Vegetation Index (remote sensing)GVNS Global Virtual Network Service



GVRP GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (VLANs)GVTel Garden Valley Telephone (company)GW 1. Gateway

2. Gigawatt (109W).gz Name extension for files compressed with the UNIX

gzipGzip GNU zip (compression software)


G g & 137

G

H h

h 1. Symbol for hour2. Symbol for hecto-, meaning one hundred or 102

3. Symbol for Planck’s constant (electronics)H 1. Symbol for magnetic field strength (electronics)

2. Symbol for Henry (unit of inductance)3. Symbol for horizontal polarization

H PAD Host Packet Assembler/DisassemblerH-Channel High-Speed Channel (ISDN)H-MVIP High-density MVIPH-pol Horizontal polarizationH-sync Horizontal synchronizationHa-Dec Hour angle–Declination angleHA Horn Alert of car (for mo bile ringing)HAARP High-frequency Active Auroral Research ProgramHAAT Height Above the Average Terrain (antenna)HACBSS Homestead And Community Broadcasting Satellite

ServiceHAD Half Amplitude DurationHAL 1. Hardware Abstraction Layer (operating system)

2. Hardwired Array Logic (digital electronics)HALE High-Altitude Long EnduranceHALT Highly Accelerated Life Testing (satellite)HAM Radio Home Amateur Radio

AU5866—CHAPTER H—H—12/7/2007—10:56—GANESHV—274410—XML MODEL E – pp. 139–146

H

139

HAN Home Area NetworkHAPS High-Altitude Platform Systems (application)HARM High-speed Anti-Radiation MissileHASP Houston Automated Spooling Program (transmission

protocol)HAVI Home Audio–Video Interoperability architectureHBA Host Bus Adapter (computer)HBC Half-band Bipolar CodingHBFG Host Behavior Functional Group (ATM)HBS Home Base Station (wireless)HBT Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (electronics)HC High-speed CMOS (as in 74 HC245 IC numbers)HCA Host Channel Adapter (fiber optics)HCI 1. Host Command Interface

2. Human Computer Interface standards3. High Council of Informatics (Iran)

HCIT High Council of Information Technology (Iran)HCL Hardware Compatibility List (Microsoft)HCN 1. Hierarchical Computer Network

2. Hybrid Communications NetworkHCO Hearing Carry Over (TRS)HCPLD High-Capacity Programmable Logic Device

(microchips)HCS 1. Hundred Call Seconds

2. Hard Clad Silica (optical fiber)3. Hierarchical Cell Structure (cellular networks)4. High Council of Space (Iran)

HCSS High-Capacity Storage System (data storing)HCT 1. Hardware Compatibility Test (Microsoft)

2. High-speed CMOS with TTL thresholds (as in 74HCT245 IC numbers)

HD 1. Half Duplex (operation)2. High-Definition (TV set)3. Hard Disk4. Hard Drive5. High-Density

HD-MAC High-Definition MAC (TV standard)HDB High-Density Bipolar codeHDB3 High-Density Bipolar three zeros Substitution (data

encoding)HDBMS Hierarchical Data-Base Management SystemHDC Hard Disk Controller (computer)HDCT Hybrid Discrete Cosine TransformHDD Hard Disk Drive



HDDR High-Density Digital RecorderHDDT High-Density Digital TapeHDF Hierarchical Data Format (computer)HDFSS High-Density Fixed Satellite ServiceHDL Hardware Description LanguageHDLC 1. High-level Data-Link Control (protocol)

2. Hardware Description Language CHDML Handheld Devices Markup Language (programming)HDO Hearing Destination Order (FCC)HDPCM Hybrid Difference PCM (modulation)HDRSS High-Data-Rate Storage SystemHDSL High-bit-rate DSL (access)HDSL2 High-bit-rate DSL version 2 (access)HDT Host Digital Terminal (cable TV)HDTMOS High-Density Technique MOS (semiconductor)HDTP Handheld Device Transport Protocol (wireless)HDTV High-Definition Television (broadcasting)HDX Half-Duplex (operation)HDWDM Hyper Dense Wavelength-Division MultiplexingHE Head End (cable TV)HEAO High-Energy Astronomy ObservatoryHEC 1. Header Error Check (ATM)

2. Hong Kong Electric CompanyHEHO Head-End Hop Off (traffic)HEL Hardware Emulation Layer (operating systems)HEM Hughes Engineering ModuleHEM wave Hybrid Electromagnetic waveHEMP High-altitude Electromagnetic PulseHEMT High Electron-Mobility Transistor (semiconductors)HeNe laser Helium–Neon laserHEO Highly Elliptical Orbit (satellites)HEOS Highly Eccentric Orbit SatelliteHEP High-Energy PhysicsHEPA High-Efficiency Particulate Arrester (filter)HEPIC High-Energy Physics Information CenterHEPNet High-Energy Physics NetworkHER High-Efficiency Red (LEDs)HERALD Harbor Echo Ranging And Listening Device (sound

detection)HERF High-Energy Radio FrequencyHERO Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance

(military)HERP Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel

(military)


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HET 1. Hall-Effect Transducer (semiconductors)2. Heterodyne

Hex HexadecimalHEXFET Hexagonal FET (semiconductors)HF 1. High Frequency (3–30 MHz range)

2. Hands Free (PBX and Wireless)HFAARS High-Frequency Adaptive Antenna Receiving SystemHFAI Hands Free Answer on IntercomHFC Hybrid-Fiber Coax (network architecture)HFCPN High-Frequency Conditioned Power NetworkHFDF High-Frequency Distribution FrameHFET Heterostructure FET (semiconductors)HFS Hierarchical File System (computer)HFSCD Hierarchical File System format for Compact Disk

(networking)HFSS High-Frequency Structure SimulatorHFU Hands Free UnitHG Home Gateway (LANs)HGA 1. Hercules Graphics Adapter (720!348 pixel

monitors)2. High-Gain Antenna

Hi-Cap High-Capacity systemHi-Fi High-Fidelity systemHi-Tech High-level TechnologyHI-OVIS Highly Interactive Optical Visual Information SystemHi-res High-resolution systemHi8 Video High-quality extension of the Video 8 formatHIC Hybrid Integrated Circuit (electronics)HIC High-tech Industries Center (Iran)HIF Host Interface nodeHiLAT High-Latitude Satellite (U.S.A)HIO Highly Inclined OrbitHIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

(U.S.A.)HiperLAN High-performance LANHiPOT High-Potential (testing)HiPPI High-Performance Parallel Interface (fiber optic)HiRAN High-precision SHORANHIRS High-resolution Infrared Sounder (remote sensing)HITS 1. High-Intensity Transient Signal

2. Hawaiian Inter-islands Telecommunications System3. Hawaiian Information Transfer System

HIVR Host Interactive Voice Response



HJBT Hetero-Junction Bipolar Transistor (semiconductors)HJFET Hetero-Junction FET (semiconductors)HKIX Hong Kong Internet ExchangeHKSW Hook SwitchHLC High-Level Committee (ITU)HLD 1. High-Level Design

2. High-Level DispatcherHLES Home Land Earth Station (Inmarsat)HLF High-Level FunctionHLL High-Level LanguageHLLAPI High-Level Language Applications Programming

Interface (IBM)HLP High-Level ProtocolHLR Home-Location Register (cellular networks)HLS 1. Hue—Lightness–Saturation (color model)

2. Hitless SwitchHLUT Half Look-Up TableHMA High-Memory Area (IBM PCs)HMD Head-Mounted DisplayHMG Hyper Master GroupHMI 1. Human-Machine Interface

2. Hub Management Interface (networking)HMIC Hybrid Microwave Integrated CircuitHMM Hidden Markov Method (algorithm)HMMP Hypermedia Management Protocol (network

management)HMS 1. High-performance Management System

2. Hydrological and Meteorological StationHNDS Hybrid Network Design SystemHNF High-performance Network ForumHNPA Home Numbering Plan AreaHNS Hughes Network Systems (company)HO Handover (GSM)HO Tone Handoff Tone (cellular networks)HOBIC Hotel Billing Information Center (AT&T)HOBIS Hotel Billing Information System (AT&T)HOC Highest Outgoing ChannelHOI Higher Order InterfaceHOL High-Order Language (programming)HOMC Human-Oriented Media ComputingHomePNA Home Phone-line Networking Alliance (standards

organization)HomeRF Home Radio FrequencyHOMO Home Office Mobile Office


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HOP Higher Order PathHOPA Higher Order Path AdaptationHOPC Higher Order Path ConnectionHOPCM High-Order PCM (modulation)HOPS Hardwire Order Processing SystemHOPSN Higher Order Path Sub-NetworkHOPT Higher Order Path TerminationHOR Horizontal polarizationHOVC High-Order Virtual Container (MUX)hp horsepowerHP Hewlett-Packard (telecom company)HPA 1. High-Power Amplifier (microwave)

2. High-Performance Addressing (LCD displays)3. Hi-vision Promotion Association (broadcasting)

HPAD Host Packet Assembler/DisassemblerHPBW Half-Power Beam-Width (antennas)HPC Handheld Personal ComputerHPF High-Pass FilterHPFS High-Performance File System (OS/2)HPGL Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language (programming)HPIB Hewlett-Packard Interface BusHPIIS High-Performance International Internet ServicesHPIL Hewlett-Packard Interface Loop (as in HP41CX

calculator)HPM High-Power MicrowaveHPO High-Performance OptionHPPI High-Performance Parallel InterfaceHPPM High-Power Propulsion ModuleHPR High-Performance Routing (LANs)HPT 1. High-order Path Termination

2. Host Processing TimeHQ HeadquarterHR 1. Half-Rate

2. Here (Morse code transmissions)HRC 1. Hypothetical Reference Circuit

2. Hybrid Ring Control3. High-Rupturing Capacity

HRDP Hypothetical Reference Digital PathHRDS Hypothetical Reference Digital SectionHRFWG Home RF Working Group (US standards

organization)HRP Hypothetical Reference PathHRPT High-Resolution Picture TransmissionHRSC High-Resolution Stereo Color (remote sensing)



HRV High-Resolution Visible (remote sensing)HRVIR High-Resolution Visible and Middle Infrared (remote

sensing)HRX Hypothetical Reference Connection (ISDN)HSA High-Speed AccessHSB 1. Hue–Saturation–Brightness (color model)

2. Hot StandbyHSC 1. Hierarchical Storage Controller

2. High-Speed ChannelHSCH High-Speed ChannelHSCI High-Speed Communications Interface (Cisco)HSCS High-Speed Circuit-SwitchedHSCSD High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data (wireless)HSD 1. High-Speed Data (Inmarsat)

2. Home Satellite DishHSDA High-Speed Data AccessHSDL High-speed Subscriber Data Line (Telcordia

Technologies)HSDPA High-Speed Downlink Packet AccessHSDRAM High-speed Synchronized Dynamic RAM (memory)HSDU High-Speed Data UnitHSF Heat-Sink Fan (electronics)HSI Hue–Saturation–Intensity (color model)HSL Hue–Saturation–Luminance (color model)HSLN High-Speed Local NetworkHSM 1. Hierarchical Storage Management (file storage)

2. Hardware-Specific Module (networking)HSN 1. Hopping Sequence Number (GSM)

2. Hierarchically Synchronized Network (networking)HSOP High-power Small-Outline Package (microchips)HSPD High-Speed Packet DataHSPSD High-Speed Packet-Switched Data (wireless)HSR Harmonic Suppression ReactorHSRP Hot Standby Routing Protocol (routing)HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface (Cisco)HSSP High-Speed Switched PortHST High-Speed TechnologyHSTL 1. High-Speed Transceiver Logic (digital electronics)

2. High-Speed Transistor Logic (digital electronics)HSTP High-Speed Transport ProtocolHSTR High-Speed Token-RingHSV Hue–Saturation—Value (color model)hSymbols/s hecto (100) Symbols per seconds (TV)HSYNC Horizontal Sync (video signals)


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HT 1. “Horizontal Tabulation” (character control code)2. High Tension

HTC High-Tech ComputerHTCC High-Temperature Co-fiber CeramicHTCP Hyper Text Catching ProtocolHTG Hunt GroupHTL High-Threshold Logic (digital electronics).htm The MS-DOS/Windows 3.x name extension for HTML

files.html Name extension for HTML filesHTML Hyper Text Markup Language (programming)HTMLC HTML Plus (programming)HTR Hard-To-ReachHTRB High-Temperature Reverse BiasHTS High- Temperature SuperconductorHTTL High-power Transistor-to-Transistor Logic (digital

electronics)HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (World Wide Web)HTTP-NG Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Next GenerationHTTPD Hyper Text Transfer Protocol DaemonHTTPS HTTP-Secure ConnectionHTU-C HDSL Terminal Unit—Central (HDSL modem or line

card)HTU-R HDSL Terminal Unit—Remote (HDSL modem or PC

card)HUD Head-Up Display (combat aircraft)HUT 1. High-Usage Trunk

2. Hopkins Ultraviolet TelescopeHV 1. High Voltage

2. Have (Morse code transmissions)HVAC 1. Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning system

2. High-Voltage ACHVDC High-Voltage Direct Current (power)HVP Hub Voice PortHVPS High-Voltage Power SupplyHVQ Hierarchical Vector Quantization (video compression)HWCS HarmonyWireless Communications System (Motorola)HyCoS Hypermedia Communication ServerHYTELNet Hypertext-browser for TELNet Accessible sitesHz Hertz (unit of frequency)



I i

I 1. Symbol for electrical current (electronics)2. Symbol for Intensity (electronics)3. Symbol for “On” position of rocker switches(electronics)

I Package Installation PackageI&C Installation and CheckoutI&M Installation and MaintenanceI&R Installation and Repair (telephone company

department)I-4s Fourth Generation of Inmarsat Satellites (Inmarsat)I-beam Name of cursor when resembles the capital letter I

(computer)I-CASE Integrated Computer-Aided Software EngineeringI-CF ISDN Call ForwardingI-CFDA ISDN Call Forwarding Don’t AnswerI-CFDAIO ISDN Call Forwarding Don’t Answer Incoming OnlyI-CFIB ISDN Call Forwarding Interface BusyI-CFIBIO ISDN Call Forwarding Interface Busy Incoming OnlyI-CFIG ISDN Call Forwarding Intra-GroupI-CFIO ISDN Call Forwarding Incoming OnlyI-CFPF ISDN Call Forwarding over Private FacilitiesI-CFV ISDN Call Forwarding VariableI-CFVCG ISDN Call Forwarding Variable facilities for Customer

Group

AU5866—CHAPTER I—I—12/7/2007—12:10—GANESHV—274411—XML MODEL E – pp. 147–170

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I-CNIS ISDN Calling Number Information ServiceI-Commerce Internet CommerceI-EDI Internet-based Electronic Data InterchangeI-ETS Interim European Telecommunications StandardI-frame Intra-coded frame (MPEG animation)I-HC ISDN Hold Capabilityi-LINK Another name for FireWire Technologyi-Mode Internet-Mode (GSM service)I-MUX Inverse MultiplexerI-Order Installation OrderI-picture Intra-coded picture (MPEG animation)I-PNNI Integrated PNNI (ATM)i-Pod Internet Pod (Apple)I-time Instruction timeI-TV Interactive TelevisionI-Way Information SuperhighwayI/F InterfaceI/O 1. Input/Output (electronics)

2. In-route/Out-routeI/P InputI/R Installation and RepairI2 Internet 2I2C Inter-Integrated CircuitI2ICE Integrated Instrumentation and In-Circuit Emulation

(electronics)I2L Integrated-Injection Logic (digital electronics)I2O Intelligent Input/Output (standard)I2S2C2 International Information Systems SecurityCertification

ConsortiumI2T Intelligent Interface Technologyi386SL A version of Intel’s 386 family of microprocessorsi486DX An advanced version of Intel’s 80386 microprocessori486SL A low-power consumption version of Intel’s 80 486DXi486SX A low-cost alternative to the Intel’s 80 486DXIA 1. International telegraph Alphabet

2. Internet Appliance3. Instrumentation Amplifier (electronics)4. Implementation Agreement5. Intelligent Agent6. Intel Architecture

IA-32 Intel Architecture 32 bitIA-64 Intel Architecture 64 bitIA2 International telegraph Alphabet No. 2IA5 International telegraph Alphabet No. 5



IAAB Inter-American Association of BroadcastingIAB 1. Internet Architecture Board (DARPA)

2. Internet Activities BoardIAC 1. Information Access Company

2. Information Analysis Center (U.S. defensedepartment)3. Interactive Synchronous Communications4. Inter-Application Communications (protocol)5. Internet Access Coalition (organization)6. Institute for Advanced Commerce (IBM)7. Industry Advisory Council

IADs Integrated Access Devices (Internet)IADP International Assistance & Development Program

(Intelsat)IAEA International Atomic Energy AgencyIAEEE IranianAssociation ofElectrical &ElectronicsEngineersIAF International Astronautical FederationIAGA International Association of Geomagnetism and

AeronomyIAGC Instantaneous Automatic Gain Control (Intelsat)IAHC International Ad Hoc CommitteeIAI Initial Address InformationIAL Intel Architecture Labs (Intel)IAM 1. Initial Access Message (SS7)

2. Incoming Address Message (SS7)3. Intermediate Access Memory

IAMSAR International Aeronautical and Maritime Search AndRescue (IMO)

IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (organization)IAO Intra-Office SONET signalIAP 1. Internet Access Provider

2. Intelligent Access PointIAP1 Initial Acquisition Phase 1 codeIAP2 Initial Acquisition Phase 2 codeIAPP Inter-Access Point ProtocolIARL International Amateur Radio LeagueIARU International Amateur Radio UnionIASA Integrated AUTODIN System ArchitectureIASG Internetwork Address Sub-GroupIAT 1. Intermediate Attitude Trim

2. International Atomic TimeIATA International Air Transport AssociationIATE International Accounting and Traffic Analysis

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IAU 1. Initial Acquisition Unit2. International Astronomical Unit

IB Input BufferIBA Independent Broadcasting AuthorityIBC 1. International Broadcasting Convention

2. Information Bearer Channel3. Integrated Broadband Communications4. Interface Buffer Controller5. Internal Bus Controller6. Initial Billing Company

IBCN Integrated Broadband Communications NetworkIBDN Integrated Building Distribution Network (fiber optics)IBG Inter-Block Gap (storage disks or tapes)IBI 1. Inter-Burst Interference

2. Intergovernmental Bureau for Informatics3. International Broadcast Institute

IBIC Interface Bus Interactive ControlIBL Initial Binary LoadIBM International Business Machines CorporationIBM AT IBM’s personal computer Advanced TechnologyIBM PC IBM Personal ComputersIBM-ERS IBM Emergency Response ServiceIBN Institut Belge de Normalisation (Belgium)IBND Interim Billed Number DatabaseIBNPR In-Band Noise Power RatioIBO Input Back-OffIBOC In-Band On-Channel (broadcasting)IBPD In-Band Power DifferenceIBS 1. Intelsat Business Service

2. Intelligent Battery System3. International Broadcasting Station

IBT 1. Internet-Based Training (e-learning)2. Isochronous Burst Transmission (data network)

IBW Instantaneous Band-WidthIBX Integrated Business Exchange (same as PBX)IC 1. Integrated Circuit (electronics)

2. International Channel3. Intercom4. Interexchange Carrier5. Intermediate Cross-connect

IC DRAM Integrated Circuit DRAM (memory)ICA 1. International Communications Association (U.S.

standards)2. Integrated Communications Adapter (fiber optics)



iCal Internet Calendaring and scheduling (Apple Inc.)Ical An X-based calendaring and scheduling programICAL Internet Community At LargeiCalendar Internet Calendaring and scheduling (Apple Inc.)ICALEP International Conference on Accelerator and Large

Experimental PhysicsICAM Integrated Conditional Access ModuleICANN Internet Corporation for AssignedNames andNumbersICAO International Civil Aviation OrganizationICAP Intellectual CapitalICAPI International Call APIICASA Independent Communications Authority of South

AfricaICB Individual Case Basis (service)ICC International Calling Card (service)ICCAPI International Call Control APIICCB Internet Configuration Control BoardICCC Internet Channel Commerce Connectivity protocolICCF 1. Interexchange Carriers Compatibility Forum

2. International Civic Communication Forum (Ukraine)3. International Correspondence Chess Federation

ICCID Integrated Circuit Card IDICD 1. International Code Designator

2. Interface Control Document3. Interconnect Diagram

ICDL International Computer Driving LicenseICE 1. In-Circuit Emulator (electronics)

2. Information Content and Exchange (protocol)3. Information Communications and Entertainment

ICE Age Information Communication and Entertainment AgeICEA Insulated Cable Engineers Associations, Inc. (U.S.A.)ICFA International Computer Facsimile AssociationICI 1. Inter-Channel Interference

2. Inter-Carrier Interface3. Interface Control Information (ISO)4. Incoming Call Identification5. International Commission on Illumination

ICIA Information and Communications IndustryAssociation, Ltd

ICII Iranian Communication Industries IncorporationICIT International Center for Information Technology (MCI)Icky PIC Sticky Plastic Insulated ConductorICM 1. Integrated Call Management

2. Image Color Matching (scanning)


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ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol (IETF)ICMPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol version 6ICN Idle-Channel NoiseICNI Integrated Communications, Navigation, and

IdentificationICNIRP International Commission of Non-Ionizing Radiation

ProtectionICO Intermediate Circular Orbit (satellite)ICOMP Intel Comparative Microprocessor Performance index

(TEST)ICONET Satellite Communication Network of ICO Global

CommunicationsICONTEC Instituto Colombiano de Normas TecnicasICP 1. Internet Connection Provider

2. Internet Cache Protocol3. Integrated Communications Provider4. Integrated Communications Platform5. Independent Communications Provider6. Intelligent Call Processor/Processing (AT&T service)

ICQ “I Seek You” (instant messaging client)ICR 1. Initial Cell Rate (ATM)

2. Internet Call Routing node (Telcordia Technologies)3. In-Circuit Reconfiguration

ICS 1. Interactive Call Setup2. Integrated Communications System (NorthernTelecom)3. Internet Connection Sharing

ICSA International Computer Security Association (U.S.A.)ICSC 1. Interexchange Customer Service Center

2. Infrared Communication Systems Study CommitteeICSTD Information, Communication, and Space Technology

Division (UN)ICT Information & Communications TechnologyICTA 1. International Computer-Telephony Association

2. International Center for Technology Assessment3. International Commission on Technology andAccessibility4. Independent Cable & TelecommunicationsAssociation

ICTC Information and Communications Technology CenterICTSB ICT Standards Board (ETSI)ICTUS ICT Unified SubmissionsICV Integrity Check ValueICW Interrupted Continuous Wave (modulation)



ID 1. Identification2. Identifier3. Identification Digit(s)4. Input Device5. Intermediate Device6. Integrated Dispatch

IDA 1. Integrated Data Access2. Integrated Digital Access3. Interchange of Data between Administrations

IDAB Improved Digital Audio Broadcast (technology)IDAL International Dedicated Access LineIDAPI Integrated Database Application Programming

InterfaceIDC 1. Internet Data Center

2. Intermediate-rate Digital Carrier3. International Data Corporation (company)4. Insulation Displacement Connector (DSL)

IDCMA Independent Data Communications ManufacturersAssociation

IDCS Integrated Digital Communications SystemIDCSP Initial Defense Communications Satellite ProgramIDD International Direct Dial (code)IDDD International Direct Distance Dialing (feature)IDDS Installable Device Driver ServerIDE 1. Integrated Device Electronics (computer interface)

2. Intelligent Derive Electronics (disk)3.Integrated Development Environment (Windowsprogram)

IDEA International Data Encryption AlgorithmIDECM Integrated Defense Electronic Countermeasure

(military)IDEF Intrusion Detection Exchange FormatIDEN Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (wireless)IDev Input DeviceIDF Intermediate Distribution FrameIDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (algorithm)IDI Initial Domain Identifier (ATM)IDL Interconnect Description LanguageIDL 1. Interactive Distance Learning (e-learning)

2. Interface Design Language (programming)IDLC Integrated Digital Loop CarrierIDM Isochronous DemodulationIDML International Development Markup Language

(programming)


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IDN 1. Integrated Digital Network2. Information Digit Node (Sprint)3. International Domain Name (Internet)4. Identification Number

IDNX 1. International Digital Network Exchange2. Integrated Digital Network Exchange

IDP 1. Integrated Data Processing2. Internetworking Datagram Protocol (Internet)

IDR 1. Intermediate Data Rate (Intelsat)2. Isochronous Distortion Ratio (transmission)

IDRP Inter-Domain Routing Protocol (Novell NetWare)IDS 1. Intrusion Detection System

2. Internal Data Services3. Current of Drain-to-Source (electronics)

IDSCP Initial Defense Communication Satellite ProgramIDSL ISDN DSL (access)IDSS Saturated current of Drain-to-Source (electronics)IDSU Intelligent Data Service UnitIDT 1. Inter-machine Digital Trunk

2. Inter-DXC Trunk3. Interactive Data Transaction4. Integrated Digital Terminal

IDTS Integrated Data Test System (software program)IDTV Improved-Definition Television (broadcasting)IDU 1. In-Door Unit (VSAT)

2. Interface Data Unit3. Indefeasible Right of Use (optical fiber)

IE 1. Information Engineering2. Internet Explorer (software)

IEC 1. Inter-Exchange Carrier (see IXC)2. Internet Exchange Center3. International Electrotechnical Commission (Geneva)4. International Engineering Consortium (U.S.A.)

IECEJ Institute of Electronic and Communication Engineersof Japan

IEE Institute of Electrical Engineers (U.K.)IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc.

(standards)IEI Iran Electronic IndustriesIEN Internet Experimental NoteIEPG 1. Internet Engineering and Planning Group (ISPs)

2. Intelligent Electronic Program GuideIES 1. Information Exchange Service

2. Illuminating Engineering Society



3. Inter-Enterprise SystemsIESNA Illuminating Engineering Society of North AmericaIESG Internet Engineering Steering Group (Internet society)IESS Intelsat Earth Station StandardIETF Internet Engineering Task Force (IAB subcommittee)IF Intermediate FrequencyIFAC International Federation of Automation ControlIFax Internet-interfaced Facsimile deviceIFB Indirect FeedbackIFC Information From ControllerIFCC Internet Fraud Compliant CenterIFCM Independent Flow Control MessageIFD Image File DirectoryIFE In-Flight Entertainment systemIFEA Internet Free Expression Alliance (organization).iff Name extension for files having IFF format (computer)IFF 1. Interchange File Format

2. Identification, Friend, or Foe (aircraft detectionequipment)

IFFM Incoming First Fail to Match (telephone company)IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (algorithm)IFG Inter-Frame Gap (frame relay)IFIP International Federation for Information ProcessingIFL 1. Inter-Facility Link (fiber optics)

2. International Frequency LibraryIFM 1. Intermediate Frequency Module

2. Instantaneous Frequency MeasurementIFMP Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol (IETF)IFOC Integrated Fiber Optic CircuitIFOV Instantaneous Field Of View (remote sensing)IFP Internet Fax ProtocolIFR Instrument Flight Rules (aviation)IFRB International Frequency Registration Board (ITU-R)IFS 1. International Freephone Service (ITU-T)

2. Installable File System Manager3. Ionospheric Forward Scatter (propagation)

IFSK Incoherent FSK (modulation)IFSS Intermediate Frequency Sub-SystemIFTS International Toll Free ServiceIFWP International Forum on the White PaperIG 1. Isolated Ground

2. International Gateway3. Insertion Gain (transmission)

IGA Intermediate-Gain Antenna


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IGBT Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (semiconductors)IGC Intelligent Graphics ControllerIGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (file format)IGFET Insulated-Gate FET (semiconductors)IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol (networking)IGO Inter-Governmental OrganizationIGP 1. Interior Gateway Protocol (Cisco)

2. Integrated Graphics ProcessorIGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (Cisco)IGT Ispettorato Generale della Telcomunicazioni (Italy)IGW International Gateway SwitchIGY International Geophysical YearIHF 1. Institute of High Fidelity

2. Inherited-Halt Flip-flopIHL Internet Header LinkIHO International Hydrographic OrganizationIHP Internal High-order path ProtectionIIA 1. Information Industry Association (U.S.A.)

2. Irish Internet Association3. Iran Informatics Association

IICA International Intellectual Capital Codes AssociationIICCA International Intellectual Capital Codes AssociationIIH Is-IS Hellow (routing protocol)III Information Industry IndexIIIA 1. Integrated Internet Information Architecture

2. Internet Information Infrastructure Architecture3. International Internet Industrial Association

IIL Integrated-Injection Logic (digital electronics)IILC Information Industry Liaison CommitteeIIN Issuer Identification NumberIIOP Internet Inter-ORB ProtocolIIR 1. Interactive Information Response

2. Infinite Impulse Response (filter)3. Interactive Information Response

IIS Internet Information Server (Windows NT)IISP 1. Information Infrastructure Standards Panel (ANSI)

2. Interim Interface Signaling Protocol3. Interim Interswitch Signaling Protocol

IITF Information Infrastructure Task ForceIIW ISDN Implementers WorkshopIJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial IntelligenceIJT Intrinsic-Junction Transistor (semiconductors)IKBS Intelligent Knowledge-Based System (ICT)IKE Internet Key Exchange (IPsec)



IKP Internet Keyed-payments ProtocolIL 1. Insertion Loss (transmission)

2. Intermediate Language (programming)ILA 1. Intermediate Light Amplification

2. Injection-Locked AmplifierILAN 1. Interactive LAN (protocol)

2. Inline Amplifier NodeILAS Improved Limb Atmospheric Sounder (remote

sensing)ILCR International Least Cost RouteILD Injection Laser DiodeILEC Incumbent Local Exchange CarrierILF Infra low Frequency (300–3000 Hz)ILLED Integral Lens Light-Emitting DiodeILLP Inter Link-to-Link ProtocolILMI Interim Link Management Interface (ATM)ILNP Interim Line Number PortabilityILO Injection-Locked OscillatorILOVEYOU “I LOVE YOU” (VBScript worm)ILP Internal Low-order path ProtectionILS 1. International Launch Service (satellite company in

U.S.A.)2. Instrument Landing System (avionics)3. Input-buffer Limiting Scheme4. Integrated Learning System (e-learning)5. Internet Locator Service

ILSR IPX Link State Router (networking)ILT 1. Idle Line Termination

2. Instructor-Led Training (e-learning)3. Institute for Learning and Teaching in HigherEducation (U.K.)

IM 1. Intermodulation2. Intensity Modulation3. Isochronous Modulation4. Information Model5. Instant Messaging

IMA 1. Interactive Multimedia Association (Malaysia)2. Integrated Modular Avionics3. Inverse Multiplexing for ATM

IMAC IsochronousMedia Access Control (FDDI Architecture)IMAG Induction MagnetometerIMAP Internet Messaging Access ProtocolIMAP4 Internet Messaging Access Protocol 4


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IMAS Intelligent Maintenance Administration System(software)

IMASS Intelligent Multiple Access Spectrum SharingIMAX “I”—eye Maximum (cinematic system)IMC 1. Internet Mail Consortium (U.S.A.)

2. Interagency Management Council3. Instrument Meteorological Condition (avionics)

IMD Intermodulation DistortionIMDN Intelligent Mobile Data NetworkIME Internally Mounted EquipmentIMEI International Mobile-station Equipment Identifier

(GSM)IMEISV IMEI plus a Software Version (GSM)IMFET Internally Matched FET (semiconductors)IMG InterferometricMonitor for Greenhouse Gases (remote

sensing)IMN Inmarsat Mobile NumberIMO International Maritime OrganizationIMCC ISDN Management Coordinating CommitteeIML Incoming Mail Loss (telephone company)IMP 1. Interface Message Processor (ARPANet)

2. Intermodulation ProductsIMPATT Impact Avalanche Transit Time (semiconductors)IMPDU Initial MAC Protocol Data UnitIMPS Infinite Monkey Protocol SuiteIMR Intermodulation RatioIMS 1. IP Multimedia Subsystem

2. Information Management System (ICT)IMS/VS Information Management System/Virtual SystemIMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity (GSM)IMSO International Mobile Satellite OrganizationIMT 1. International Mobile Telecommunications

2. Inter-Machine TrunkIMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications-2000IMTA International Mobile Telecommunications AssociationIMTC InternationalMultimedia TeleconferencingConsortium

(U.S.A.)IMTS 1. Improved Mobile Telephone System

2. International Mobile Telecommunications SystemIMUIMG ISDNMemorandum of Understanding Implementation

Management GroupIMUX Inverse MultiplexerIMW Intelligent Music Workstationin inch



in/s inch per secondin2 square inchIN Intelligent NetworkINA 1. Information Network Architecture (Telcordia

Technologies)2. Interactive Network Adapter (broadcasting)

INAP 1. Intelligent Network Access Protocol (INs)2. Intelligent Network Application Part (INs)

InAs Indium–Arsenide (semiconductors)INAT Intermode Alarm TransportInbox Incoming mails box (e-mail)INC International CarrierINCC Internal Network Control CenterINCM Intelligent Networks Call ModelIND-E Indian Ocean Region East (Inmarsat)IND-W Indian Ocean Region West (Inmarsat)INDIGO Integrated Digital OverlayINDIX International Network for Development Information

ExchangeINE Intelligent Network ElementINet Institutional NetworkINET short form of Internetinfo information field (LANs)Infobahn Information autobahn (superhighway)INFOSEC Information Security systemInGaAs Indium–Gallium–Arsenide (semiconductors)INGECEP Integrated Next Generation Electronic Commerce

Environmental ProjectINH Inhibiter (microchips).ini Name extension for Initialization files (computer)INIC ISDN Network Identification CodeINIM ISDN Network Interface ModuleINIRC International Non-Ionizing Radiation CommitteeINL 1. Internode Link

2. Integral Non-LinearityINMAC International Network Management CenterInmarsat International maritime satellite (organization)

Now it is called “International mobile satelliteCompany”

INMC International Network Management CenterINMLM Integrated Network Manager Link ModuleINMS 1. Inmarsat Monitoring System

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INN 1. Internode Network2. Internet News

INNO International Neural Network OperatorINNS International Neural Network Society (Berkeley

University, U.S.A.)INode Integrated NodeINOS Intelligent Network Operating SystemInP Indium–Phosphide (semiconductors)INP 1. Intelligent Network Processor

2. International Network Planning3. Interim Number Portability

INPA Interchangeable Network Planning AreaINPE 1. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (Brazil)

2. Brazilian Space AgencyINPS Intelligent Network Product SupportINs Intelligent NetworksINS 1. Information Network System

2. Ion Neutralization Spectroscopy (electronics)3. Inertial Navigation System4. Integrated Network System5. Internet Naming Service

INSAT Indian National SatelliteINSP IN Service ProviderINSS IN Service Subscriberint internalINT Induction Neutralizing TransformerINTAIP Interoperability Technology Association for

Information ProcessingINTEGRAL International Gamma Ray Astrophysics LaboratoryIntelsat International Telecommunication Satellite

(organization)intercom intercommunication systemInterLATA Telecommunication services that originate in one LATA

and terminate in anotherInternaut Internet astronautinternet interconnection of two or more data networksInternet International NetworkInternet2 The second Generation InternetInterNIC Internet Network Information Center (U.S.A.)InterPBX The calls coming to a PBXINTERSPUTNIK International Organization of Space Communications

(Russia)INTFC Interface



IntraLATA Telecommunication services that originate andterminate in the same as LATA

INTS International Transit SwitchIntServ Integrated ServicesINTUG International Telecommunications User GroupINV inverterInWATS Inward Wide-Area Telephone ServicesI/O Input/OutputIO Information OutletIOA Interim Operating Authority (cellular networks)IOC 1. In-route/Out-route Controller (electronics)

2. Input/Output Controller3. Integrated Optical Circuit (electronics)4. Intelsat Operations Center5. Intermediate Orbit Communications6. Independent Operating Carrier7. Inter-Office Channel8. ISDN Ordering Code

IOCTF Intelsat Operations Center TDMA FacilityIOD Identified Outward Dialing (PBX)IOEF Instantaneous Override Energy Function (AT&T)IOF Inter-Office FacilityIOL Inter-Operability Lab (New Hampshire University)ION 1. Internetworking Over NBMA

2. Intelligent Optical NetworkIONL InternalOrganization of theNetwork Layer (OSImodel)IOP 1. Input/Output Processor

2. interoperabilityIOPS Internet Operators GroupIOR 1. Indian Ocean Region (Inmarsat)

2. Index Of Refraction (fiber optics)IOS 1. Internetwork Operating System (Cisco)

2. Inter-Office Section3. Indian Ocean Satellite (Intelsat)4. International Organization for Standardization(Switzerland)

IOSA Inter-Office Section AdaptationIOST Inter-Office Section TerminationIOT 1. In-Orbit Testing (satellites)

2. Inter-Operators Tariffs (GSM)3. InterOperability Testing

IOTP Internet Open Trading ProtocolIOU Input/Output UnitIOV In-Orbit Verification (space researches)


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IP 1. Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)2. Information Provider (Internet)3. Interface Processor (electronics)4. Intelligent Peripheral (device)5. Ingress Protection (hardware box standard)6. Intercom Profile (Bluetooth)

IP PBX Internet Protocol PBXIPA 1. Intermediate Power Amplifier

2. Intellectual Property AttorneyIPARS International Passenger Airline Reservation System

(IBM)IPBO Input Power Back-OffIPC 1. Inter-Process Communication (networking)

2. Inter-Personal Communications3. Information Processing Center4. ISDN to POTS Converter

IPCC Internet Protocol Contact CenterIPCE Inter-Process Communication EnvironmentIPCH Initial Paging Channel (GSM)IPCI Integrated Personal Computer InterfaceIPComp IP Payload Compression ProtocolIPconfig Internet Protocol configuration (utility program)IPCP Internet Protocol Control ProtocolIPDC Internet Protocol Device ControlIPDR Internet Protocol Data RecordIPDRs IP Detail RecordsIPDS 1. Inmarsat Packet Data Service

2. Intelligent Printer Data Stream (IBM)IPDU Internet Protocol Data UnitIPE 1. Intelligent Peripheral Equipment (Northern

Telecom)2. Initial Pointing Error

IPEI International Portable Equipment Identities(wireless)

IPENZ Institute of Professional Engineers of New ZealandIPL Initial Program Load (of operating systems)IPLC International Private Line Circuitsipm 1. impulses per minute

2. interruptions per minuteIPM 1. Inter-Personal Messaging system (X.400)

2. Interference Prediction Model (propagation)3. Incremental Phase Modulation4. Internal Polarization Modulation



IPMC Industrial Process Measurement and ControlIPMS Inter-Personal Messaging ServiceIPN Impulse NoiseIPNC IP Network ControllerIPND Integrated Public Number DatabaseIPNG Internet Protocol Next GenerationIPNGWG IP Next Generation Working GroupIPNS ISDN PBX Networking SpecificationIPO 1. Initial Public Offering (finance)

2. Input-Process-OutputIPoATM Internet Protocol over ATM

IPoD Internet Protocol phone over DataIPONZ Intellectual Property Office of New ZealandIPoS IP over SONET (IETF)IPP Internet Printing ProtocolIPPV Impulse Pay Per View (broadcasting)IPR Intellectual Property RightIPRA Internet Policy Registration AuthorityIPRS Internet Protocol Routing Service (Bell)IPS 1. Internet Protocol Suite

2. Integrated Power SystemsIPS7 Internet Protocol Signaling 7IPSec IP Security policy (VPNs)IPSN International Public-Switched NetworkIPSO IP Security OptionIPSS International Packet-Switched SystemIPT IP TelephonyIPT Gateway IP Telephony GatewayIPTC IP Telephony solution for Carriers (Ericsson)IPTV Internet Protocol TV (Cisco)IPU Intelligent Processing UnitIPv4 Internet Protocol version 4IPv5 Internet Protocol version 5IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange (networking)IPXCP IPX Control Protocol (networking)IPXODI Internetwork Packet Exchange Open Data-link

InterfaceIPX/SPX Internet Packet Exchange Sequenced Packet

ExchangeIPXWAN IPX Wide-Area Network (Novell specification)I/Q In-phase/QuadratureIQF Intrinsic Quality Factor (transmission)


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IR 1. In-Route2. Infrared3. Internet Registry4. Information Retrieval

IRA 1. Internet Resource Access2. Impulse Radiating Antenna

IRAC 1. International Radiocommunications AdvisoryCommittee2. Interagency Radio Advisory Committee3. Interdepartmental Radio Advisory Council (U.S.A.)4. Internal Review and Audit Compliance5. Infrared Array Camera

IRAM Intelligent RAM (memory)IRAMS Innovative Real-time Antenna Modeling Systemiraser infrared maserIRC 1. Internet-Relay Chat (ICT)

2. Integrated Receiver decoder3. International Record Carrier4. InterferenceRejectionCombining(cellularnetworks)

IrCOMM Provides COM (serial or parallel) port emulation orconnections using IrDA protocol

IRCN Inter-Regional Control NodeIRD 1. Integrated Receiver/Descrambler

2. Integrated Receiver/Decoder (DSB)3. Internal Resources Database

IrDA Infrared Data Association (standards organization)IRDB Intelligent Roaming Data-Base (cellular networks)irdome infrared domeIRE Institute of Radio EngineersIRED Infrared-Emitting Diode (electronics)IREQ Interrupt Request (signal)IRF 1. Industrial Radio Frequency

2. Impulse Response Function3. Inherited Rights Filter (networking)

IRFBP Inmarsat Request For Business PlanIRFU Integrated Radio Frequency UnitIRG Inter-Record Gap (storage disks or tapes)IRGB Intensity Red Green Blue (monitors color encoding)IRIB Islamic Republic of Iran BroadcastingIRICA Iran Informatics Companies AssociationIRIG Inter-Range Instrumentation GroupiRIP iCalendar Real-time Interoperability ProtocolIRL Inter-Repeater Link (networking)IrLAP Infrared Link Access Protocol (IrDA Network)



IrLMP Infrared Link Management Protocol (IrDA Network)IRM Image Rejection MixerIrMC Infrared Mobile CommunicationsIROB In Range Of BuildingIRP I/O Request PacketIRQ Interrupt Requests (computer)IRR 1. Internet Routing Registry

2. Image Rejection Ratio (heterodyning)IRS 1. Inertial Reference System

2. Indian Remote Sensing SystemIRSC Iranian Remote Sensing CenterIRSG Internet Research Steering GroupIRSU ISDN Remote Subscriber UnitIRTF Internet Research Task Force (IAB subcommittee)IRTU Integrated Remote Test UnitIRU Indefeasible Right ofUse or User (undersea fiber cable)IS 1. Information Services (ICT)

2. Information Systems (ICT)3. Information Superhighway4. Information Separator (control character)5. Interactive Services6. Interim Standard7. Internal Shield (tube-base diagrams)

IS-2000 Interim Standard 2000 (cellular network)IS-41 Interim Standard 41 (cellular network)IS-410 Interim Standard 41 Zero (cellular network)IS-41A Interim Standard 41A (cellular network)IS-95 Interim Standard 95 or CDMAone (cellular network)IS-IS 1. Intermediate System to Intermediate System (routing

protocol)2. Intelligent Scheduling and Information System

ISA 1. Iranian Space Agency (Iran)2. Industry Standard Architecture (old computers)3. Interactive Service Association4. Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation society5. Instrumentation Society of America

ISACA Information Systems Auditability and ControlAssociation

ISAKMP Internet Security Association and Key ManagementProtocol

ISAM Indexed Sequential-Access Method (databases)ISAP Istanbul Action Plan (ITU)ISAPI Internet Server Application Programming Interface

(Microsoft)


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ISAR Inverse Synthetic-Aperture RadarISAS Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( Japan)ISB 1. Inter-Shelf Bus

2. Independent Side-Band (modulation)ISBN Integrated Satellite Business NetworkISC 1. International Switching Center

2. Internet Software ConsortiumISCA International Speech Communication AssociationISCCP International Satellite Clouds Climatologic Project

(remote sensing)ISCSI Internet Small Computer Systems InterfaceISCP Integrated Services Control Point (Telcordia

Technologies)ISD 1. Incremental Service Delivery

2. Information Systems Department3. Internet Standards Document

ISDB Integrated Services Digital BroadcastingISDE Integrated Services Digital ExchangeISDL Integrated Services Digital LineISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (transmission)ISDN2 ISDN with two BRI channels and one D channelISDN2e European ISDN with two BRI channels and one

D channelISDN30 ISDN service delivering 30 BRI lines over one lineISE Integrated Switching ElementISEC Information Security Exploratory CommitteeISG Incoming Service GroupISHM International Society of Hybrid MicroelectronicsISI 1. Information Sciences Institute

2. Inter-Symbol Interference (transmission)3. Informatics Society of Iran

ISIA Information and Software Industry AssociationISIS 1. Internal Switch Interface System (packet service)

2. Intelligent Scheduling and Information SystemISL 1. Inter-station Signaling Link (Inmarsat)

2. Inter-Satellite Link (Intelsat)3. Inter- Switch Link (Cisco Ethernet)4. ISDN Signaling Link (Northern Telecom)

ISLU Integrated Services Line Unit (AT&T)ISM Inter-Stellar MediumISM Band Industrial, Scientific and Medical frequency BandISMC International Switching Management Center

International Society for Measurement and Control



ISMN Integrated Switching Management NetworkInternational Standard Music Number

ISMS Interactive SMS (GSM)ISN 1. Inmarsat Serial Number

2. Intelligent Service Node (AT&T)3. Information Systems Network (AT&T)4. Initial Sequence Number

ISNAP Intelligent Services Network Applications ProcessorISNET Inter-Islamic Network on Space Sciences and

TechnologyISNI Intermediate Signaling Network IdentificationISO 1. International Standards Organization (Switzerland)

2. isolatorISOC Internet SocietyISoD Interactive Service on DemandISODE ISO Development Environment (OSI model)IsoENET Isochronous EthernetISO/OSI model International Organization for Standardization Open

System Interconnection modelISP 1. Internet Service Provider

2. Internet Safety Policy3. Inmarsat Service Provider4. Integrated Service Provider5. In-System Programmable6. Information Service Platform7. ISDN Signal Processor

ISPBX Integrated Services Private Branch ExchangeISPC 1. International Sound Program Center

2. International Signaling Point CodeISPT Instituto Superiore delle Poste e delle Telecomunica-

zioni (Italy)ISR 1. Intermediate Session Routing (routing algorithm)

2. Interrupt Service Routine (computer)3. International Simple Resale

ISRO Indian Space Research Organization (India)ISS 1. Inter-Satellite Service

2. Intelligent Services Switch3. International Space Station (NASA)4. Integrated Satellite Solutions Corporation

ISSA Information Systems Security AssociationISSI Inter-Switching System InterfaceISSLL Integrated Services over Specific Link Layers (QoS)ISSS Information Society Standardization System (ICT)ISSN Integrated Special Services Network


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IST 1. Initial Service Term2. Independent Sideband Transmission3. Information Society Technologies

ISTF Integrated Services Test FacilityISU 1. Initial Signal Unit

2. Iridium Subscriber UnitISUP ISDN User Part (SS7)ISV Independent Software Vendor (ICT)ISVC Inmarsat Standard Voice CodecIT 1. Information Technology (ICT)

2. Inter-Toll TrunkIT&T Information Technology and TelecommunicationITA 1. International Telegraph Alphabet

2. Integrated Trunk Access3. Industrial Telecommunications Association

ITA1 International Telegraph Alphabet No.1 (ITU)ITA5 International Telegraph Alphabet No.5 (ITU)ITAA Information Technology Association of America

(standards)ITAB Information Technical Advisory BoardITAC 1. Information Technology Association of Canada

2. ISDN Terminal Adapter CircuitItalsat Italian Domestic Satellite SystemITANZ Information Technology Association of New ZealandITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations (U.S. State

Dept.)ITB Intermediate Block Character (transmission)ITC 1. International Transit Center

2. Independent Television Commission (broadcasting)3. Information To Controller4. International Teletraffic Congress

ITCA International Tele-Conferencing Association (U.S.A.)ITCC International Telecommunications Clearing

CorporationITCI-DC Internet Training Centers Initiative for Developing

Countries (ITU)ITCO Independent Telephone CompanyITDM Intelligent Time-Division MultiplexerITESF Internet Traffic Engineering Solution Forum

(Telcordia Co.)ITF Interframe Time FillITFS 1. Instructional Television Fixed Service

2. International Toll Free ServiceITG Integrated Telemarketing Gateway (AT&T)



ITI 1. Interactive Terminal Interface (X.25)2. Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure (U.S.A.)

3. Iran Telecommunication Industries4. Idle Trunk Indicator

ITIC Information Technology Industry Council (U.S.A.)iTIP iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability

Protocol

ITM Information Technology ManagementITMC 1. International Transmission Management Center

2. Iran Telecommunications Manufacturing CompanyITMN Integrated Transmission Management NetworkITN 1. Independent Telephone Network

2. Inter-office Transport NetworkITO International Telecommunication OrganizationITORP IntraLATA Toll Originating Responsibility PlanITPD Iran Telephone Planning and Development CompanyITR 1. International Telecommunication Regulations (ITU)

2. Internet Talk RadioITRC 1. Information Technology Research Center

2. Iran Telecommunication Research CenterITS 1. Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (U.S.A.)

2. Intelligent Transportation SystemsITSec Information Technology SecurityITSO International Telecommunications Satellite

OrganizationITSP Internet Telephony Service ProviderITT 1. International Telephone and Telegraph (company)

2. Invitation To Tender (contracts)ITU International Telecommunications Union (standards

organization)

ITU-D ITU-Telecom Development SectorITU-R ITU-Recommendation SectorITU-SB ITU Standardization BureauITU-TS ITU-Telecommunication Standardization SectorITUR Italy–Turkey–Ukraine–Russia (fiber optic cable

consortium)ITUSA Information Technology User’s Standards AssociationITV Interactive Television (broadcasting)ITXC Internet Telephony Exchange CarrierIU Interface UnitIUA ISDN User Adaptation LayerIUS Interim Upper StageIUT Implementation Under Test


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IUW ISDN Users WorkshopIV Interactive Video (ICT)IVAN International Value-Added NetworkIVC Inmarsat Voice CodecIVCP Installation Verification Certification ProgramIVD 1. International Volume Discount

2. Inside Vapor Deposition (optical fibers)3. Integrated Voice/Data

IVDM Integrated Voice and Data MultiplexerIVDS Interactive Video Data Service (FCC)IVDT Integrated Voice/Data TerminalIVHS Intelligent Vehicle Highway SystemIVI Intel Video InteractiveIVMS In-Vehicle Multiplexing System (standard)IVN Intervening NetworkIVoD Interactive Video-on-DemandIVPN International Virtual Private NetworkIVPO Inside Vapor Phase Oxidation process (optical fibers)IVR Interactive Voice ResponseIVS 1. Interactive Voice Service

2. Interactive Video ServicesIW 1. Inside Wiring (telephone wire)

2. intraworking3. interworking4. Information Warfare5. Intelligent Workstation

IW3C2 International World Wide Web Conference CommitteeIWA Intelligent Workstation ArchitectureIWF 1. Interworking Function (PLMN)

2. Internet Watch FoundationIWG Intersessional Working Group (Inmarsat)IWS Intelligent Work-StationIWTA International Wireless Telecommunications

AssociationsIWU 1. Internet Working Unit

2. Interworking UnitIWV Impulse Wahlverfahren (German pulse dialing)IX Internet ExchangeIXC Inter-Exchange Carrier (long-distance telephone

company)IXM Inter-Exchange MileageIXO Information Exploitation Office (DARPA)



J j

J Symbol for Joule (unit of work and energy)J Box Junction BoxJ-Carrier Japanese equivalent of T-CarrierJ-hook J-shaped hook connectorJ-SAC Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (IEEE)J0 Regeneration section trace byte (MUX)J1 Path trace byte (MUX)J2 Path overhead byte (MUX)J2ME Java 2 Platform, Micro EditionJABWT Java Applets for Bluetooth Wireless TechnologyJAD Joint Application DesignJAE Java Application EnvironmentJAM Jini Technology Access ModuleJAMSAT Japanese affiliate of AMSAT (satcom)JANet Joint Academic Network (U.K.)JAR Java ArchiveJARL Japan Amateur Radio League, Inc.JAROS Japan Resources Observation System (organization)JASC Japan Sea CableJASREP Japan Ship Reporting systemJATE Japan Approvals Institute for Telecommunications

EquipmentsJAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan)

AU5866—CHAPTER J—J—12/7/2007—12:19—GANESHV—274412—XML MODEL E – pp. 171–174

J

171

JB7 Jam Bit 7JBIG Joint Bitonal Image GroupJBOD Just a Bunch Of Disks (storage technology)JCALS Joint Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics

SupportJCC Joint Call-back CenterJCL Job Control Language (IBM mainframes)JCSA Japan Computer Security AssociationJDAP Java Directory Access ProtocolJDBC Java DataBase ConnectivityJDC Japanese Digital Cellular SystemJDK Java Development KitJDS Japanese Digital StandardJEC Jahan Electronic Company (Iran)JECF Java Electronic Commerce FrameworkJECS Job-by-Email Control SystemJEDEC Joint Electronic Device Engineering Council

(standards)JEDI Joint Electronic Document InterchangeJEIDA Japan Electronic Industry Development AssociationJEMA Japan Electronic Messaging AssociationJEPI Joint Electronics Payments Initiative (W3C)JERS Japanese Earth Resource Satellite (remote sensing)JES Job Entry SubsystemJESSI Joint European Semiconductor Silicon InitiativeJET Just-Enough-Time (protocol)JF Junction FrequencyJFET Junction Field Effect Transistor (semiconductors).jfif Name extension for JPEG File Interchange Format

(computer)JHTML Java and HTML (programming)JI Junction Isolation (electronics)JIOA Japan Institute of Office AutomationJIPS JANET Internet Protocol ServiceJIS Japanese Industrial StandardJISA Japan Information Service AssociationJISC 1. Joint Information Systems Committee (U.K. ICT)

2. Japanese Industrial Standards CommitteeJIT Just-In-Time (product manufacturing)JIVN Joint Intelligence Virtual NetworkJMA Japanese Meteorological AgencyJMAPI Java Management Application Programming InterfaceJMOS Junction MOS (semiconductors)JMTS Jordanian Mobile Telephone System



JMTSS Joint Multichannel Trunking and Switching System(military)

JNT Joint Network TeamJOFX Java Open Financial ExchangeJOLT Java Open Language Toolkit (project)JOSS Johnniac Open Shop System (programming language)JOTP Java Open Trading ProtocolJOVIAL Junior Officer’s Version of an Incomprehensible

Arithmetic Language (programming)JPC Joint Procurement ConsortiumJPCD Just Perceptible Color Difference.jpeg Name extension for Joint Photographic Expert

Group filesJPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group (image format).jpg Name extension for JPEG format Images files

(computer)JPIX Japan Internet ExchangeJPS Joint Product SpecificationJPSA Japan Personal Computer Software AssociationJRC Japan Radio CompanyJRCC Joint (aeronautical and maritime) RCC (COMSAR)JRG GII Joint Rapporteur Group Global Information

Infra-structureJSAT Japan Satellite Systems (broadcaster)JSC Johnson Space Center (U.S.A)JSD Justification Service DigitJskyB Japan sky Broadcasting (company)JSP 1. Jackson Structured Programming (specifications)

2. Java Server Pages (specifications)JST Japan Solderless TerminalJT Jordan Telecom (operator)JTAC Japanese Total Access CommunicationsJTACS Japanese Total Access Communications SystemJTAG Joint Test Action Group (IEEE)JTAPI Java Telephony APIJTC Joint Technical CommitteeJTC3A Joint Technical Command, Control, and

Communications AgencyJTEC Japanese Technology Evaluation CenterJTFA Joint Time-Frequency Analysis (DSP)JTG Jordan Telecom GroupJTIDS Joint Technical Information Distribution SystemJTK Java Tool KitJTM Job Transfer and Manipulation (file transfer)


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JTRB Joint Telecommunications Resources BoardJTRS Joint Tactical Radio Systems (U.S. Army)JTSSG Joint Telecommunications Standards Steering GroupJUG Joint Users GroupJUNET Japan Unix NetworkJUNOS Juniper Networks Operating SystemJUTCPS Joint Uniform Telephone Communications Precedence

SystemJVC Victor Company of JapanJVM Java Virtual Machine (software)JvNCnet John von Neumann Center NetworkJWICS Joint Worldwide Intelligent Communications SystemJXML Java XML (programming language)



K k

k 1. Symbol for kilo denoting 1000 or 103

2. Symbol for kilo or 1024 of data elements3. Symbol for a constant value (mathematics)

K 1. Symbol for Kelvin degree (unit of temperature)2. Symbol for Cathode (circuit diagrams)3. Symbol for Coefficient of absorption (fiber optics)

K&R C Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie C programmingLanguage

K-band Radio frequency band ranging from 10.9 to 36 GHzkA kiloampereKa-band Radio frequency band ranging from 18 to 22 GHzKACST King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology (Saudi

Arabia)KADS Knowledge Analysis and Design System (ICT)KAFOS KARA Daniz Fiber Optic System (Turkey)KAI Korea Aerospace Industries LtdKARI Korean Aerospace Research Institute (South Korea)kb kilobit, which is 1000 bits (transmission)kB kilobyte, which is 210 or 1024 bytes (computer)KBC Korean Broadcasting Commission (South Korea)kBd kilobaud (1024 baud)KBHCA Thousand Busy Hour Call Attemptskb/s kilobits per second

AU5866—CHAPTER K—K—12/7/2007—12:29—GANESHV—274413—XML MODEL E – pp. 175–177

K

175

kbps kilobits per secondkB/s kilobytes per secondkBps kilobytes per secondKBS Knowledge-Based System (ICT)kc kilocyclekCHAR kilocharacterkCi kilocurieKCI Kerman Cable Industries (Iran)KCL Kirchhoff’s Current Law (electronics)KDC Key Distribution CenterKDD Kokusai Denshin Denwa Company, Ltd ( Japan)KDDI Kokusai Denshin Denwa International ( Japan)KDE Kool Desktop Environment project (Linux)KDR Keyboard Data Recorder (computer)KDT Keyboard Display TerminalKEA 1. Key Exchange Algorithm

2. Key Encryption AlgorithmkeV kiloelectronvoltsKEYB keyboardKFPA K-band Full Performance Antennakft kilofeet or one thousand feetkg kilogramkG kilogausskHz kilohertz (103 Hz)KIF Knowledge Interchange FormatKIS Knowbots Information ServicekLm kilolumenKLY klystron (tube)km kilometerkm/s kilometer per secondkm/h kilometer per hourKM Knowledge Management (ICT)KMBA Knowledge Management Benchmarking Association

(ICT)KMID Key Material IdentifierKMS Knowledge Management System (ICT)KNet Kangaroo Network productKNI Katmai New Instructions set (Intel)KU Kiloohm (electronics)KOMPSAT Korea Multipurpose Satellite programKP Key PulsingKPA Klystron Power AmplifierKPI Key Performance Indicator



KQML Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language(programming)

KS Kearney SystemKSIA Korean Semiconductor Industry Associationksps kilosymbols per secondKSR Keyboard Send and printer Receive (device)KSU Key Service UnitKt knotKT 1. Symbol for Boltzman’s Constant-time Temperature

2. Korea TelecomKTA Key Telephone AdapterKTF Korea Telecom FreeTel (South Korea)KTI Key Telephone InterfaceKTILA Development Center for Telecommunications (Greece)KTN Kernel Transport NetworkKTS Key Telephone SystemKTU Key Telephone UnitKu-band Radio frequency band ranging from 11 to 14.5 GHzkV 1. kilovolt

2. Key Voice (telephone)kVA kilovoltamperekVAC kilovolt Alternating CurrentkVDC kilovolt Direct CurrentKVL Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (electronics)KVM K Virtual Machine (J2ME)KVM Switch Keyboard Video Mouse SwitchkVp kilovolt peakkVp-p kilovolt peak-to-peakkVr.m.s kilovolt r.m.skW kilowattkWh kilowatt-hourKWIC Key word-In-Context (index)KWOC Key word Out of Context (index)


K k & 177

K

L l

L 1. Symbol for an inductor or inductance (coil)2. Symbol for Lambert (unit of luminance)3. Symbol for Liter (unit of volume)4. Symbol for Length (mathematics)

L-ADM Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer (MUX)L-band Radio frequency band in the spectral region of 1.5 GHzL-to-C L-band to C-bandL1 cache Level 1 cache (memory)L2F Layer 2 Forwarding protocol (Cisco)L2 FET Logic Level FET (semiconductors)L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (VPNs)L2TPext Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Extension (Cisco)L3 Layer 3 switchingLA 1. Location Area

2. Line Adapter3. Listed Address (Internet)

LAA Locally Administered AddressLAAS Local Area Augmentation System (GPS)LAB Logic Array BlockLAC 1. Loop Assignment Center

2. Location Area Code (GSM)LACE Low-power Atmospheric Compensation ExperimentLACN Local Area Control Network

AU5866—CHAPTER L—L—12/7/2007—12:33—GANESHV—274414—XML MODEL E – pp. 179–193

L

179

LAD 1. LATA Architecture Database2. Life After Death (satcom)3. Linear Amplitude Dispersion

ladar 1. laser detection and ranging2. laser radar

LADS Local Area Data ServiceLADT Local Area and Data Transport (transmission)LAE Liquid Apogee Engine (satellites)LAGEOS Laser Geodynamics Satellite (U.S.A.)LAI Location Area Identity (GSM)LAIIX Los Angeles International Internet ExchangeLAM 1. Liquid Apogee Motor (satellites)

2. Line Adapter Module3. Lobe Attachment Module

LAMA Local Automatic Message AccountingLAMAR Large-Area Modular Array of Reflectors (antennas)LAMM Large-Antenna Mini-M terminal (Inmarsat)LAMMR Large-Antenna Multifrequency MW RadiometerLAMP Large Advanced Mirror ProgramLAN Local Area NetworkLANAC Laminar Navigation Anti-Collision (aviation)LANalyzer LAN analyzer (networking)LANCE Local Area Network Controller for EthernetLANDA Local Area Network Dealers Association (Canada)LANE LAN Emulator (ATM)LANNET Large Artificial Neuron NetworkLANS Local Area Network ServicesLAP 1. Link Access Protocol

2. Link Access ProcedureLAP-B Link Access Procedure-Balanced (X.25)LAP-D Link Access Procedure for D channel (ISDN)LAP-F Link Access Procedure for Frame RelayLAP-M Link Access Procedure for ModemsLArc 1. Lempel–Zive data Archiving program

2. Livermore Automatic research computerLAS Low-Altitude Observation SatelliteLASA Large-Aperture Seismic Array (antennas)LASCR Light-Activated Silicon-Controlled Rectifier

(electronics)LASCS Light-Activated Silicon-Controlled Switch (electronics)laser Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of RadiationLASINT Laser IntelligenceLASS Local Area Signaling Services (PBX)LASSI Low-Altitude Satellite Studies of Ionosphere



LAST 1. Local Area Systems Technology2. Large-Aperture Scanning Telescope

Lat latitudeLAT 1. Local Area Transport (transmission)

2. Local Area Terminal3. Local Area Transit (DEC protocol)

LATA 1. Local Access and Transport Area (U.S. telephone)2. Local Area Transport Arrangement

LATNET Latvian NetworkLATTIS Local Area Transport Tariff Information SystemLAU Lobe Access UnitLAVC Local Area VAX ClusterLAWN Local Area Wireless NetworkLAWRS Limited Airport Weather StationLb Symbol for pound (unit of weight)LB 1. Loop-Back

2. Leaky Bucket (ATM)LBA Logical Block Addressing (enhanced IDE)LBC 1. Linear Block Coding

2. Linked Boundary ConditionLBEN Low-Byte EnableLBI Load Balance Index (telephone company)LBO Line Build Out (cables)LBRV Low-Bit-Rate VoiceLBS 1. Location-Based Services (wireless and cellular

networks)2. Load-Balancing System

LBT Listen Before TalkLC 1. Line Card

2. Line Clock3. Leased Circuit4. Lead Channel5. Local Company6. Local Channel7. Inductance–Capacitance (circuit diagrams)

LCA 1. Logical Channel Assignment2. Local Calling Area

LCAS Link Capacity Adjustment SchemeLCC Leadless Chip Carrier (circuit board mounting)LCD 1. Liquid Crystal Display (electronics)

2. Loss of Cell Delineation (ATM)3. Linear Collider Detector

LCE Line Conditioning Equipment


L l & 181

L

LCI 1. Logical Channel Identifier (X.25)2. Line-Conducted Interference

LCL Longitudinal Conversion LossLCM 1. Line Control Module

2. Least Common Multiple3. Line Concentrating Module

LCMS Learning Content Management System (e-learning)LCN 1. Logical Channel Number (ISDN)

2. Local Communication NetworkLCOS Liquid Crystal On Silicon (semiconductors)LCP 1. Link Control Protocol (OSI model)

2. Left Circularly Polarized (antennas)LCPGA Low-Cost Pin-Grid Array (microchips)LCR 1. Least Cost Routing (service)

2. Line Concentrating Ratio3. Level Crossing Rate4. Inductance–Capacitance–Resistance (circuitdiagrams)

LCS 1. Low-order Connection Supervision2. Live Call Screening (feature)3. Laboratory for Computer Science (MIT University)

LCT Large Capacity TrunkLCU 1. Lightweight Computer Unit

2. Line Control UnitLCV Line Code Violation (data encoding)LD 1. Long Distance

2. Line Driver3. Laser Diode4. Loop Disconnect

LD-AAC Low-Delay Advanced Audio CompressionLD-CELP Low-Delay Code-Excited Linear Prediction (voice

coding)LDA Long-Distance AlertingLDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (network

management)LDB 1. Local Database

2. Long-Distance Bypass (switching)LDBS Local Database ServicesLDD Limited Distance DialingLDDC Long-Distance Direct Current (dialing system)LDE Long-Delayed EchoLDF 1. Local Distribution Frame

2. Lightwave Distribution FrameLDGPS Local Differential GPS



LDIP Long-Distance Internet ProviderLDL Long-Distance LineLDM Limited Distance ModemLDMC Loop Data Maintenance CenterLDMOS Laterally Diffused MOS (semiconductors)LDMS Local Multipoint Distribution ServiceLDN Listed Directory Number (PBX)LDP Label Distribution Protocol (MPLS)LDR Light-Dependent Resistor (semiconductors)LDS Local Digital SwitchLDT 1. Line appearance on a Digital Trunk

2. Lightning Data Transfer busLDTV Low-Definition TelevisionLDU 1. Line Director Unit

2. Local Distribution UtilityLE 1. Local Exchange

2. LAN Emulator3. Link Encapsulation

LE ARP LAN Emulator Address Resolution ProtocolLEA 1. Law Enforcement Authority

2. Longitudinally Excited Atmosphere (laser)LEAF 1. Law Enforcement Access Field

2. Large Effective Area FiberLEAP Lightweight Extensible Authentication ProtocolLEAPS Long-term Equipment Anticipation SecuritiesLEAS LATA Equal Access SystemLEC 1. LAN Emulation Client (ATM)

2. Local Exchange Carrier (company)3. Local Engineering Circuit4. Loop Electronic Coordinator

LECID LAN Emulation Client Identifier (ATM)LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server (ATM)LED Light-Emitting Diode (electronics)LEED Low-Energy Electron DiffractionLEF Library-Exchange FormatLEMS Low-Emission Mobile SystemLEN 1. Line Equipment Number

2. Low-Entry Networking (SNA)LEO Low Earth Orbit (satellite)LEOS Low Earth Orbit SatelliteLEOW Low-cost Exploration Operator Workstation (image

processing)LEP 1. Large Electron Positron Collider

2. Light-Emitting Polymer


L l & 183

L

3. Left Elliptically Polarized (antennas)LER Label Edge Router (MPLS)LERG Local Exchange Routing Guide (Telcordia

Technologies)LES 1. Land Earth Station (Inmarsat)

2. LAN Emulation Server (ATM)3. Loop Emulation Service (ATM)4. Label Edge Switch5. Lincoln Experimental Satellite6. Line Errored Second

LES-SIG Land Earth Station Signaling channel (Inmarsat)LESA Land Earth Station Assignment channelLESD Land Earth Station Data channelLESI Land Earth Station Interstation signaling channelLESO Land Earth Station Operator (Inmarsat)LESV Land Earth Station Voice channelLETN Law Enforcement Television Network (broadcaster)LF 1. Low-Frequency (30–300 KHz range)

2. “Linefeed” (character control code)LFA Loss of Frame AlignmentLFACS Loop Facility Assignment and Control SystemLFAP Lightweight Flow Admission ProtocolLFB Look-ahead-For-Busy (information)LFI Link Fragmentation and Interleave (VoIP)LFC Large Format Camera (remote sensing)LFN Long File Name (Microsoft standard)LFOV Limited Field-Of-View (radar)LFSR Linear Feedback Shift RegisterLFSS Link Failed Signal StateLG Line GroupLGA Low-Gain AntennaLGC Line Group ControllerLGCI ISDN Line Group ControllerLGE Loop and Ground start Exchange cardLGN 1. Logical Group Node (ATM)

2. Logical Group NumberLGRS Local Government Radio ServiceLGS Loop and Ground start Subscriber cardLHARC Lempel–Zive and Huffman data Archiving programLHC Long-Haul CommunicationsLHCN Long-Haul Communications NetworkLHCP Left-Hand Circular Polarization (microwave)LHEP Left-Hand Elliptical Polarization (microwave)LHMC Long-Haul Mileage Calculation



LHOTS Long-Haul Optical Transmission SetLi-Ion Lithium-Ion (battery)LIB Label Information Base (MPLS)LIC 1. Light guide Interconnect Cable

2. Lowest Incoming ChannelLID Line Identification/Information DatabaseLIDAR 1. Light Detection And Ranging (remote sensing)

2. Laser Infrared radarLIDB Line Information DatabaseLIF 1. Location Interoperability Forum

2. Logarithmic Intermediate Frequency (amplifier)3. Low Insertion Force (sockets)

LIFO Last-In, First-Out (buffer memories)LIGBT Lateral Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor

(semiconductors)LightSAR Light Synthetic Aperture RadarLIJP Leaf Initiated Joint Parameter (ATM)LILO Linux LoaderLIM 1. Line-access Interface Module (Ericsson)

2. Link Interface Module3. Lotus Intel Microsoft (committee)

LIM-EMS Lotus Intel Microsoft—Expanded MemorySpecification

LIMS 1. Legal Interception Management System2. Laboratory Information Management System

LINC Laboratory Instruments Computer (MIT University)LINCOMPEX Linked Compressor and ExpanderLINCS Leased Interfaculty National Airspace Communications

SystemLINE Logistic Information Network EnterpriseLINX London Internet ExchangeLIP 1. Loop Initialization Protocol

2. Large Internet Packet (networking)LIPS 1. Lightweight Internet Person Schema (information

retrieval)2. Linear Inferences Per Second (AI machines)3. Language Independent Program Subtitling Group(India)

LIS 1. Link Interface Shelf2. Local Interconnection Service3. Label Interface Structure (ISDN)4. Logical IP Sub-network5. Lightning Imaging Sensor (remote sensing)


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LISN 1. Line Impedance Stabilization Network2. Low-Incidence Support Network

LISP List Processing (programming language)LISS 1. Linear Imaging Self-Scanner (remote sensing)

2. Low-Imaging Sensing Satellite (remote sensing)LIST SERV List Server (Internet)LIT 1. Line Insulation Test

2. Logic Integrity TestLIU Line Interface UnitLIU7 Line Interface Unit for CCS 7LL 1. Leased Line

2. Link Level3. Long Lines

LLA 1. Logical Layered Architecture2. Low-Level Amplifier

LLB 1. Line Loop-Back (function)2. Local Loop-Back

LLC 1. Logical Link Control (OSI model)2. Leadless Chip Carrier method (chip mounting)

LLC2 Logical Link Control 2LLD Low-Level DispatcherLLDP Local Loop Demarcation PointLLF 1. Line Link Frame

2. Low-Layer FunctionLLIF Linear LIF (amplifier)LLM L-band Land MobileLLP Low-level ProtocolLLWAS Low-Level Wind-shear Alarm Systemlm lumen (unit of luminous flux)lm/ft2 lumen per square footlm/m2 lumen per square meterlm/W lumen per Wattlms lumen secondLM 1. Linear Modulation

2. Line Monitor3. Long-distance Marketer

LMCS Local Multipoint Communications SystemLMDS Local Multipoint Distribution Service (Telcordia

Technologies)LME Layer Management EntityLMEI Layer Management Entity IdentifierLMES Land Mobile Earth StationLMF Language Media Format



LMGT Lockheed Martin Global Telecommunications(company)

LM Hosts LAN Manager Hosts (Windows file)LMI 1. Local Management Interface (frame relay)

2. Logical Modem InterfaceLMOS Loop Maintenance Operations SystemLMP Link Manager ProtocolLMR Land Mobile RadioLMS 1. Land Mobile Service (ITU)

2. Land Mobile Station3. Learning Management System (e-learning)4. Library Management System5. Loop Monitoring System6. Local Measured Service7. Local Message Switch8. Location and Monitoring Service9. Least Mean Square Error (algorithm for filters)

LMSS Land Mobile Satellite ServiceLMST Lightweight Multiband Satellite communications

TerminalLMU Line Monitor Unitln 1. natural logarithm (mathematics)

2. Neperian logarithm (mathematics)3. Napierian logarithm (mathematics)

LN Linear NetworkLNA 1. Low-Noise Amplifier (satcom)

2. Launch Numerical Aperture (fiber optics)LNB Low-Noise Block down-converter (satcom)LNBF Low-Noise Block Feed (satcom)LNC Low-Noise Converter (satcom)LND Last Number DialedLNMF Local Network Management FunctionLNNI LANE Network-to-Network Interface (ATM)LNP Local Number Portability (cellular networks)LNPA Local Number Portability AdministrationLNR 1. Low-Noise Receiver

2. linearLNRU Like New Repair and UpdateLO 1. Local Oscillator (electronics)

2. Local OperatorLO-FERF Low-Order Far-End Receive Failure alarm (MUX)LOA Letter Of AgencyLOAD Laser Opto-Acoustic DetectionLOB Line Of Bearing (radio direction finding)


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LOC 1. Loss Of Cell Delineation (ATM)2. Large Optical Cavity (diode)3. Lead-On-Chip package (microchips)

LOCAL TV Launching Our Communities Access to LocalTelevision (Act)

LOD Letter Of DisconnectLODE Large Optics Demonstration ExperimentLOF 1. Loss Of Frame (MUX)

2. Lowest Operating FrequencyLOFAR Low-Frequency Array (antennas)log natural logarithm (mathematics)logFTC logarithmic Fast Time Constant (algorithm)logamp logarithmic amplifierLOH Line Overhead (SONET)LOI Letter Of IntendLOM 1. Loss Of Multiframe (MUX)

2. List Of Materials (contracts)LON Local Operating NetworkLONAL Local Off Network Access LineLong LongitudeLOP 1. Loss Of Path

2. Loss Of Pointer (MUX)3. Low-Order Path4. Line Of Position

LOPA Lower Order Path AdaptationLOPSN Lower Order Path Sub-Network (MUX)LOPT Lower Order Path Termination (MUX)Lorac Long-range-accuracy (radio system)Loran Long-range aid to navigation systemLORG Large-size Organizations (Microsoft)LORO Lobe On Receive Only (radar)LOS 1. Line-Of-Sight (microwave path)

2. Loss Of Signal3. Launch On Schedule

LOTOS Language Of Temporal Ordering SpecificationLOVC Lower Order Virtual Container (MUX)LOW 1. Launch On Warning

2. Link Order WireLP 1. Linear Polarization (wave)

2. Line Printer3. Low-Pass4. Low-Power5. Low-Pressure6. Long-Play (recording)7. Log-Periodic (antenna)



LPA 1. Lower order Path Adaptation (MUX)2. Linear Power Amplifier

LPAC Lossless Predictive Audio CompressionLPC 1. Linear Predictive Coding

2. Lower order Path Connection (MUX)LPD 1. Line Pointer Daemon

2. Link Protocol Discriminator (GSM)3. Low Probability of Detection (radio and opticalsignals)

LPDT Low-Power Distress TransmitterLPE Liquid Phase Epitaxy (semiconductors)LPES Land Portable Earth StationLPF Low-Pass FilterLPFM Low-Power FM (radio station)LPI 1. Low Probability of Interception

2. Lines Per Inch (facsimile machine)LPIC IntraLATA Primary Interexchange CarrierLPM 1. Lines Per Minute (printer speed parameter)

2. Library of Parameterized Modules (standard)LPMUD Lars Pensjo Multiuser DungeonLport Logical portLPP 1. Link Peripheral Processor

2. Lightweight Presentation ProtocolLPRF 1. Low-Power Radio Frequency

2. Low-Pulse-Repetition FrequencyLPS 1. Line Profile System

2. Line Protection Switching (MUX)3. Lightning Protection Subsystem

LPT 1. Lower order Path Termination (MUX)2. Line Print Terminal (PC parallel port)

LPTV Low-Power Television (service)LQA Link Quality AnalysisLQR Linear Quadratic RegulatorLR Location RegisterLRB Least Reliable BitLRC Longitudinal Redundancy Check (transmission)LRE 1. Low-bit-Rate Encoding

2. Line Regenerating Equipment3. Lightwave Repeating Equipment4. Long Reach Ethernet (Cisco)

LRF Laser Range FinderLR FAX Low-Resolution FacsimileLRIC Long-Run Incremental Cost


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LRIT Long-Range Identification and Tracking of ships (IMO)LRL Line-Reflect-Line (calibration)LRM 1. Line-Reflect-Match (microwave)

2. Line Route MapLRN Location Routing NumberLRR Long-Range RadarLRRM Line-Reflect-Reflect-Match (calibration)LRS Line Repeater StationLRU 1. Line Replaceable Unit

2. Least Recently UsedLS 1. Local Switch

2. Linear Systems3. Loop-Start (signal)

LS Trunk Loop-Start TrunkLSA 1. Leased Space Agreement

2. Limited Space-charge Accumulation3. Link-State Advertisement (routing)4. Local Service Agency

LSA diode Limited Space-charge Accumulation diodeLSAP Link Service Access Point (ATM)LSAS Line Side Answer SupervisionLSB 1. Least Significant Bit (in a byte)

2. Lower Sideband (modulation)LSC 1. Least Significant Character (in a string)

2. Lambda-Switched Capable (GMPLS)3. Local Switching Center

LSCH Low-Speed ChannelLSCIE Light guide Stranded-Cable Interconnect EquipmentLSCIM Light guide Stranded-Cable Interconnect ModuleLSCIT Light guide Stranded-Cable Interconnect TerminalLSD Low-Speed Data (Inmarsat)

Least Significant Digit (in a number)LSDU Link Layer Service Data UnitLSE 1. Local Support Element

2. Local System Environment (OSI model)3. Line Supervisory Equipment

LSG Large Signal Gain (nonlinear devices)LSI 1. Large-Scale Integration (microchips)

2. Line Status IdentificationLSIC Large-Scale Integrated CircuitLSL Link Support Layer (networking)LSMA Large-Scale Multicast ApplicationsLSMS Local Service Management SystemLSN Local Signal Network



LSNG Large-Scale Networking GroupLSO 1. Local Service Office

2. Laser Shut OffLSOA Local Service Order Administration systemLSOD Laser Shut Off DisableLSOG Local Service Ordering GuidelinesLSP 1. Local Service Provider

2. Learning Service Provider (e-learning)3. Link-State Packet (routing)4. Label-Switched Path (MPLS)

LSR 1. Label Switching Router (MPLS)2. Line Service Request3. Local Service Request4. Leaf Setup Request (ATM)

LSS Local Switching SystemLSSC Lower Sideband Suppressed CarrierLSSD Level-Sensitive Scan DesignLSSGR LATA Switching System General RequirementsLSSU Link Status Signal Unit (SS7)LSSW Low-Speed SwitchLSTP 1. Linear Search & Track Processor

2. Local Signal Transfer Point (mobile)LSTTL Low-power Schottky Transistor-to-Transistor Logic

(digital electronics)LSU 1. Link-State Update (routing)

2. Logical Storage Unit3. Line Switching Unit

LSV Line Status VerifierLT 1. Line Terminal (MUX)

2. Logical Terminal3. Lower Tester (ATM)

LTA Line Turn-Around (time)LTAC Lossless Transform Audio CodingLTB Last Trunk BusyLTC 1. Line Trunk Controller

2. Line Traffic Coordinator3. Longitudinal Time Code (satcom)4. Longitudinal Transmission Check

LTCC Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (substratetechnology)

LTCI Line Trunk Controller of ISDNLT CLASS Logical Terminal Class (ISDN terminal)LTCN Long-Term Care Network (TV broadcaster)LTCS Label Traffic Control System


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LTDP Line Terminator type DPLTE 1. Line Terminating Equipment (MUX)

2. Long-Term Evolution (3GSM)LTG Line Timing GeneratorLTGRP Logical Terminal Group (ISDN)LTI Linear Time InvariantLTID Logical Terminal Identifier (ISDN)LTN Local Transport NetworkLTNUM Logical Terminal Number (ISDN)LTO Linear Tape-Open storage technology (HP and IBM)LTP 1. Line Test Position

2. List Transmission PathLTPA Line Terminator type PALTPB Line Terminator type PBLTR 1. Line Terminal Regenerator

2. Local Transport Restructuring (FCC)LTRS Letters ShiftLTS 1. Loop Testing System

2. Lightwave Transmission SystemLTSA Linear Taper Slot AntennaLTSN Learning and Teaching Support Network (e-learning)LTSP Linux Terminal Server ProjectLTTB Line Terminator Test BoardLU 1. Line Unit

2. Local Unit (SNA access port)3. Logical Unit (networking)4. Local Use flag5. Location Update (GSM)

LU6.2 Logical Unit interface, Version 6.2 (IBM protocol)LUF Lowest Usable FrequencyLUHF Lowest Usable High FrequencyLULT Line-Unit-Line Termination (fiber optics)LUM Line Utilization MonitorLUN Logical Unit Number (computer)LUNI LANE User Network Interface (ATM)LUNs Logical Unit NumbersLUNT Line Unit Network Termination (fiber optics)LUT 1. Local User Terminal (aviation)

2. Look Up TableLUXPAC Luxemburg Packet-Switched NetworkLVCMOS Low-Voltage Complementary MOS (semiconductors)LVD Low-Voltage Differential (SCSI card)LVDM Low-Voltage Differential MultipointLVDS Low-Voltage Differential Signal



LVDT Linear Variable-Differential TransducerLVTTL Low-Voltage Transistor-to-Transistor Logic (digital

electronics)LW Long-Wave (radio broadcast band)LWER Lightweight Encoding Rules (data encoding)LWT Listen While Talklx lux (unit of illumination)LX Local ExchangeLXC Long-distance CarrierLZ77 Lempel–Ziv compression method developed in 1977LZARI Lempel–Ziv Arithmetic (data compression method)LZB Lempel–Ziv Bell (data compression method)LZFG Lempel–Ziv–Fiala–Green (data compression method).lzh Name extension for files compressed with Lempel–Ziv

(computer)LZHUF Lempel–Ziv–Huffman (data compression method)LZJ Lempel–Ziv–Jakobsson (data compression method)LZJH Lempel–Ziv–Jeff–Heath (data compression method)LZMW Lempel–Ziv–Miller–Wegman (data compression

method)LZP Lempel–Ziv Prediction (data compression method)LZR Lempel–Ziv–Roden (data compression method)LZS Lempel–Ziv–Stac (data compression method)LZSS Lempel–Ziv–Sorer–Szymanski (data compression

method)LZW Lempel–Ziv–Welsh (data compression method)


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M m

m 1. Symbol for prefixmilli-, denoting one-thousandth or10K3

2. Symbol for metermA milliampere (electronics)mbar millibarmcd millicandelamCi millicuriem2 square meterm3 cubic meterm3/s cubic meters per secondM 1. Symbol for prefix mega-, denoting 220 or 106

2. Mobile, radiodetermination, and amateur services(ITU-T)

M bauds MegabaudsM bit Mark bitM hop M-shaped hop (satellite transmission)M port Master port (FDDI Architecture)M VTS Marconi Video Telephone StandardM&C Monitor and ControlM-ES Mobile End SystemM-Learning Mobile Learning (e-learning)M-PSK M-ary Phase Shift Keying (modulation)M-quad Mini-quad (antenna)

AU5866—CHAPTER M—M—12/7/2007—12:35—GANESHV—274415—XML MODEL E – pp. 195–217

M

195

M/V Motor Vessel (navigation)M/W microwaveM/Yr Millions per YearM1 Management interface 1M2 Management interface 2M2M Machine To Machine (interface)M5 Management interface 5M12 Multiplex DS 1-to-DS 2M13 Multiplex DS 1-to-DS 3M23 Multiplex DS 2-to-DS 3MA 1. Multiple Access

2. Memory Address3. Mobile Allocation (GSM)

MAA 1. MAC Access Arbitration2. Maximum Acceptance Angle (optical waveguides)

MAAP Maintenance And Administration PanelMAC OS Macintosh Operating SystemMAC 1. Media Access Control (MPLS)

2. Media-specific Access Control (protocol)3. Monitoring, Alarm, and Control4. Multiplexed Analog Components (TV broadcastformat)5. Maritime Air Communications6. Mobile Advisory Council7.Multiply Accumulate function (computer operations)8. Macintosh computer9. Message Authentication Code

MACE Macintosh Audio Compression and ExpansionMACs Moves, Adds, and Charges (phone system installation)MACSAT Multiple Access Communications SatelliteMacTCP A Macintosh extension that allows Macintosh

computers to use TCP/IPMAD 1. Magnetic Anomaly Detector

2. Mean Average Difference3. Monitoring And Diagnostic unit (Intelsat)

MADAR Malfunction, Analysis, Detection, And Recording(avionics)

MAdCaP Model for Advanced Capital PlanningMADN Multiple Appearance Directory Number (ISDN)MADRE Magnetic Drum Receiving Equipment (radar)MAE 1. Metropolitan-Area Exchange

2. MERIT Access Exchanges3. Macintosh Application Environment

MAF Management Application Function



MAFET Microwave and Analog Front End Technology projectMAG magnetometermagamp magnetic amplifierMAGIC Multidimensional Applications and Gigabit

Internetwork ConsortiumMAGLEV Magnetically Levitated transportation systemmagram magnetic radar absorbing materialmAh milliampere-hourMAHO Mobile-Assisted Hand-Off (wireless)MAI 1. Mobile Allocation Index

2. Multiple Access Interference3. Message Alignment Indicator

MAINT maintenanceMAIO Mobile Allocation Index Offset (GSM)MAJ major (alarm)MALLOC Multicast Address Allocation (IETF protocol)MAM Major Account ManagerMAMA Multiple ALOHA Multiple AccessMAMI Modified Alternate Mark Inversion (code or signal)MAMS Marine Automatic Meteorological StationMAMSK Multitone Auxiliary Manual Select KeyboardMAN 1. Metropolitan-Area Network

2. manualMAO Maintenance, Administration, and OperationsMAP 1. Manufacturing Automation Protocol (General

Motors)2. Mobile Application Part (GSM)3. Maintenance and Administration Panel4. Media Access Project5. Maximum Power

MAPI Messaging Application Programming Interface(Windows)

MAPOS Multiple Access Protocol Over SONETMAPS Measurement of Atmospheric Pollution from SatelliteMAR 1. Memory Address Register (computer)

2. Major Account RepresentativeMARECS 1. Maritime European Communication Satellite

2. Maritime Experimental Comsat SystemMARISAT Maritime Satellite Communications System (U.S.A)MARS 1. Multicast Address Resolution Server (ATM)

2. Military Affiliated Radio System (U.S. Army)MARSIS Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospher

SoundingMARTIAN Mis-Addressed or Routed Telepacket In A Network


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MAS 1. Multiple Address Systems (microwave)2. Multi-agent Systems Laboratory3. Multi-administration Satellite System4. Mobile Application Subsystem5. Minimum Average Surcharge

MAS Lab Multi-agent Systems Laboratory (MassachusettsUniversity)

MASC 1. Major Accounts Service Center2. Multicast Address Set Claim (IETF)

maser microwave amplification by simulated emission ofradiation

MASG Master Address Street Guide (database)MASP Mediated Attribute Store ProtocolMASQ masquerade (IP)MASS Major Account Support SpecialistMASTER Minimal Access Surgery by Telecommunication and

RoboticsMAT Meridian Administration Tools

(Northern Telecom)MATC Major Account Technical ConsultantMATD 1. Maximum Acceptable Transit Delay

2. Multiple Antenna Transmit DiversityMATE Modular Automatic Test Equipment (standard)MATEL Multiplex Automatic Telephone systemMATR Minimum Average Time RequirementMATSE Mobile Automatic Telephone System-EuropeMATV Master-Antenna TV systemMAU 1. Media Access Unit (LANs)

2. Medium Attachment Unit (transceiver)3. Multistation Access Unit (networking)4. Math Acceleration Unit

MAX 1. Media Access Exchange2. maximum

MaxCR Maximum Cell RateMAYPAC X.25 Packet-switched network of Malaysiamb millibarnMb Megabit, equal to 106 bits (transmission)mbar millibarMbar MegabarMB 1. Megabyte, which is 220 or 1024 times kilobytes

(computer)2. Macro Block

MBA Multibeam AntennaMbaud Megabaud



MBB 1. Magnetic Blow-out Breaker2. Moisture Barrier Bag

MBCO Mobile Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)MBE Molecular-Beam Epitaxy (semiconductors)MBG Multilocation Business GroupMb/s Megabit per SecondMB/s Megabyte per SecondMBGP Multicast Border Gateway ProtocolMbits MegabitsMBM Magnetic-Bubble MemoryMbone Multicast backbone (Internet)MBPA Multi beam Phased Array (antennas)Mbps Megabit per secondMBps Megabyte per secondMBR 1. Master Boot Record (hard disk or CD)

2. Memory Buffer Register (computer)MBTS Micro Base Transceiver Station (Motorola)Mbus 1. Message bus

2. Multiprocessor busMByte MegabyteMBR 1. Memory Buffer Register

2. Minimum Bend Radius (optical waveguides)MBS 1. Maximum Burst Size (ATM)

2. Mobile Broadband System3. Marine Broadcast Station

MBSAT Multimedia Broadcasting Satellite (Japan)MBSR Mini BTS Sub-Rack (GSM)MBWA Management By Walking Around (Hewlett–Packard)MBZS Maximum Bandwidth Zero SuppressionMc Megacycle (electronics)MC 1. Maintenance Center

2. multicarrier3. Matrix Controller4. Main Cross-connect

MC-MVIP Multichassis MVIPMCA 1. Microchannel Architecture (IBM PCs)

2. Maximum Calling Area (access)MCAS Multichannel Access SystemMCB Media Control BoardMCC 1. Mission Control Center

2. Maintenance Control Center3. Maintenance Control Circuit4. Mobile Control Channel5. Mobile Country Code (GSM)


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6. Mobile Communications Company (Iran)7. Miscellaneous Common Carrier8. Multiplex Control Computer9. Microelectronics and Computer TechnologyCorporation

MCCS Mechanized Calling Card Servicemcd millicandela (light intensity)MCD 1. Magnetic Circular Dichroism

2. Manipulative Communications DeceptionMCDN MicroCellular Data NetworkMCDU Master Control and Display UnitMCDV Maximum Call Delay Variance (ATM)MCE Manufacturing Cycle EfficiencyMCEB Military Communications Electronics Board (U.S.A)MCEF Military Common Emergency FrequencyMCF 1. Multimedia Communication Forum

2. Message Confirmation Frame3. Meta-Content Format

MCG Magnetocardiograph (medicine)MCGA Multicolor Graphics Adapter (monitor resolution)MCH Multipacket Command HandlerMCHG Mass ChangeMCHI Mobile Communications Holdings Inc.MCHO Mobile Controlled Hand-OffmCi millicurieMCi MegacurieMCI 1. Media Control Interface (Windows application

programming)2. Mobile Company of Iran3. Microwave Communications Inc. (U.S.A)

MCID Malicious Call IdentificationMCIF Miniature Card Implementer’s ForumMCIT Ministry of Communications and Information

Technology (Iran)MCL 1. Mercury Communications Ltd. (U.K.)

2. Microstrip Constrained LensMCLD Modifying Calling Line DisconnectMCLR Maximum Cell-Loss Ratio (ATM)MCM 1. Multichip Module (IC design)

2. Multicarrier ModulationMCMI Modified Coded Mark Inversion (data encoding)MCN 1. Master Customer Number

2. Monitoring and Control NetworkMCNC Microelectronic Center of North Carolina



MCNS Multimedia Cable Network SystemMCP 1. Microsoft-Certified Professional

2. Master Control ProgramMCPA Multicarrier Power AmplifierMCPC Multiple Channel Per CarrierMCPW Microstrip Co-planar Waveguide (microwave)MCR Minimum Cell Rate (ATM)MCRL Multimedia Communications Research Laboratory

(Bell)MCS 1. Maritime Communication System

2. Master Control SystemMCSE Microsoft-Certified System Engineer (Microsoft)MCSP Microsoft-Certified Solution Provider (Microsoft)MCT 1. MOS-Controlled Thyristor (semiconductors)

2. Mobile Communications Technologies company(Iran)

MCTD Maximum Cell Transfer Delay (ATM)MCU 1. Multipoint Control Unit

2. Microcontroller Unit3. Microcomputer Unit

MCVF Multichannel Voice-FrequencyMCVFT Multichannel Voice-Frequency TelegraphMCW Modulated Continuous WaveMCXO Microcomputer-Compensated Crystal OscillatorMD 1. Mini-Disk

2. Mediation Device3. Message Display4. Message Digest5. Manufacturer Discontinued6. Management Domain (X.400)

MD-IS Mobile Data Intermediate SystemMD5 Message Digest Version 5 (algorithm)MDA Monochrome Display AdapterMDAC Multiplying Digital-to-Analog Converter (electronics)MDAS Multiple Database Access SystemMDB Modified Duo-Binary (data encoding)MDBS Mobile Database StationMDC 1. Meridian Digital Centrex (Northern Telecom)

2. Manipulation Detection Code (algorithm)MDCT Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (mathematics)MDDB Multidrop Data BridgeMDF Main Distribution Frame (telephone exchange)MDHCP Multicast DHCP (protocol)


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MDI 1. Medium-Dependent Interface2. Multiple-Document Interface

MDIS Meta Data Interchange SpecificationMDK Modem Developer’s KitMDLP Mobile Data Link Protocol (cellular networks)MDM 1. Modulator-Demodulator (modems)

2. Modulation Division MultiplexingMDMF Multiple Data Message FormatMDN Managed Data NetworkMDNS Managed Data Network ServiceMDPE Medium Density PolyethyleneMDQ Market-Driven Quality (IBM)MDR Mission Data Recorder (remote sensing)MDRAM Multibank Dynamic RAM (memory)MDS Multipoint Distribution System (Telcordia

Technologies)MDSI 1. Message Delivery Service Interoffice

2. Mobile Data Solutions, Inc. (company)MDSL Moderate-speed DSL (access)MDSP Microwave Digital Signal ProcessorMDT 1. Mobile Data Terminal

2. Mean Down-Time3. Manufacturer Delegated Testing

MDTRS Mobile Digital Trunked Radio SystemMDU 1. Message Display Unit

2. Multiple Dwelling UnitMDUS Medium-scaleData Utilization Station (remote sensing)MDVC Mobile Digital Voice Channel (cellular network)MDWDM Metropolitan DenseWavelength-DivisionMultiplexingME Mediation Equipment (TMN)MEA 1. Metropolitan Economic Area

2. Messaging Enabled ApplicationsMEB Megabit Erlang Bit rateMEBS Middle East Broadcast and Satellite (magazine)MEC 1. Mobile E-Commerce

2. Middle East Communications (magazine)MECAB Multiple Exchange Carrier Access BillingMECAL Master Event CalendarMECCA Multiple Engineering Control Center ActivityMECL Motorola Emitter-Coupled Logic (digital electronics)MECOD Multiple Exchange Carriers Ordering and DesignMED Manipulative Electronic DeceptionMEDIA Missile Error Data Integration AnalysisMEE Multiple Equipment Engineering



MEECN Minimum Essential Emergency CommunicationsNetwork

MEF Maintenance Entity Function (TMN)Megapel MegapixelMELCAS Mercury Exchange Limited Channel Associated

SignalingMEM Macroencoded Message (Inmarsat)MEMO Multimedia Environment for Mobiles (broadcasting)MEMS Microelectromechanical Systems (microwave)MENIDS Manufacturer’s ENIDs (Inmarsat)MEO Medium Earth Orbiting (satcom)MEP Multiple Equipment ProvisioningMERCAST Merchant ship broadcast systemMERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (remote

sensing)MERS Most Economic Route SelectionMES 1. Mobile Earth Station (Inmarsat)

2. Master Earth StationMES-SIG Mobile Earth Station-Signaling channel (Inmarsat)MESA Mobility for Emergency and Safety ApplicationsMESC Molecular Equipment Subcommittee for

CommunicationsMESD MES Data channel (Inmarsat)MESFET Metal-Epitaxial Semiconductor Field-Effect TransistorMESHCO Matn Ertebat Shabake Company (Iran)MESRP MES Response channel (Inmarsat)MESRQ MES Request channel (Inmarsat)MESS messageMESSR Multispectral Electronic Self-Scanning RadiometerMESV MES Voice channel (Inmarsat)METAREA Metrological Area (IMO)METEOSAT Meteorological SatelliteMETOP Meterological Operational Polar-orbit (weather

satellite)METRAN Managed European Transmission NetworkMeV MegaelectronvoltMEW Microwave Early WarningMEWS Missile Early Warning SystemMEXE Mobile Extension Environment (wireless)MF 1. Medium Frequency (300–3000 kHz range)

2. multifrequency3. multiframe4. multifunction

MFAS Multiframe Alignment Signal


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MFC 1. Multifrequency Coding2. Microsoft Foundation Class

MFD 1. Microfarad (capacitance)2. Mode Field Diameter (fiber optics)

MFJ Modification of Final Judgment (AT&T)MFlop Megaflop (computer speed)MFLOPS Million Floating-point Operations Per Second

(computer speed)MFM 1. Modified Frequency Modulation

2. Magnetic Field ModulationMFN Metropolitan Fiber NetworkMFOS Multifunction Operations System (AT&T)MFP Multifunction PeripheralsMFS 1. Metropolitan Fiber Systems

2. Macintosh File System3. Modem Fault Simulator

MFSK Multiple Frequency Shift Keying (modulation)MFTP Multicast File Transport ProtocolMFV Mehr Frequenz Verfahren (German for Tone Dialing)mg milligrammG milligaussMG 1. Master Group (MUX)

2. MegagaussMBG Multilocation Business GroupMGC 1. Manual Gain Control

2. Media Gateway ControllerMGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol (VoIP)MGD MOS Gate Driver (electronics)Mget Multiple get (Computer command)MGIF Mobile Gaming Interoperability ForumMGN Multigrounded Neutral (conductors)MGT Multi-Gigabit TransceiverMGTS Message Generator Traffic SimulatormH millihenry (electronics)MH Modified Huffman (data compression method)MHD magnetohydrodynamicsMHDL Mimic Hardware Description Language (microwave)MHEC Midwestern Higher Education CommissionMHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia information coding

Expert GroupMHEMT Metamorphic High-Electron Mobility Transistor

(microwave)MHF Mobile Home FunctionMHI Mitsubishi Heavy Industries



MHIC Microwave Hybrid Integrated CircuitMHM Multiplexed Hierarchical ModelingMHP Multimedia Home Platform (broadcasting)MHS 1. Message Handling System/Service (e-mail)

2. Microwave Humidity Sounder (remote sensing)MHT Mean Holding Time (telephone call)MHTML MIME encapsulation of aggregate HTML

(programming)MHW Magnetohydrodynamic WaveMHz Megahertz (1,000,000 or 106 Hz)mi mile (unit of length)mi2 square milemi/h mile per hourMI 1. Multiple Inheritance (object-oriented programming)

2. Micromodge Industries (Iran)MI-DFB Modulator Integrated-Distributed Feed-Back (laser

diode)MIA Media Interface AdapterMIB 1. Management Information Base (ICT)

2. Module Interface BusMIBD Minimum In-Band DispersionMIBS Minimum BER StrategyMIC 1. Microwave Integrated Circuit (microwave)

2. Monolithic Integrated Circuit3. Minimum Ignition Current4. Microphone (electronic diagrams)5. Mode Indicate Common6. Media Interface Connector7. Mutual Interface Chart

MICE Mobile Interworking Control ElementMICR 1. Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition (scanners)

2. Magnetic-Ink Character Reading (scanners)micro microcomputerMID 1. Maritime Identification Digits (Inmarsat)

2. Message Identifier (ATM)3. Minimum Dispersion

MIDI Musical Instrument Digital InterfaceMIDP Mobile Information Device Profile (J2ME)MIDR MES Identification RecordMIDS Multifunction Information Distribution SystemMIF 1. Management Information File

2. Minimum Interworking FunctionalityMIFR Master International Frequency Register (ITU-R)


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MII 1. Media Independent Interface (Ethernet)2. Ministry of Information Industry (China)

Mike Slang term for MicrophoneMIL Military specificationMIL-STD Military StandardMILNet Military Network (ARPANet)Milstar Military strategic and tactical relay (network)MIM 1. Mechanically Induced Modulation

2. Metal–Insulator–Metal (capacitor)MIMD Multiple-Instruction, Multiple-Data stream (parallel

processing)MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (e-mail

attachments)MIMIC Microwave Monolithic Integrated CircuitMIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-OutputMIN 1. Mobile Identification Number (cellular networks)

2. minor (alarm)3. minimum

MIP Medium Interface PointMips Millions of instructions per second (processor speed)MIR 1. Multiplex Input Router

2. Microwave Impulse RadarMIRAN Missile RangingMIS 1. Management Information Systems (ICT)

2. Management Information Services (ICT)3. Metal-Insulator Semiconductor4. Mobile Internet Service

MISFET Metal Insulator Semiconductor Field Effect TransistorMISR Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (remote

sensing)MISSI Multilevel Information Systems Security InitiativeMITS Microinstrumentation and Telemetry SystemsMITT Ministry of Information Technology and

TelecommunicationsMIU Modem Interface UnitMIX 1. mixer

2. Multinational Internet Exchange3. Multicasting International Exchange

MJ Modular Jack (telephone cable)MJU Multijunction UnitMKDIR Make a new Directory (MS DOS Command)MKS Meter-kilogram-Second (parametric unit)MKSA Meter-kilogram-Second-Ampere (parametric unit)mL milliliter



MLA 1. Mail List Agent2. Microwave Link Analyzer

MLB Multilayer BoardMLC 1. Multilevel Coding

2. Monolithic Multilayer Capacitor (electronics)MLCM Multilevel Coded ModulationMLD 1. Maximum Likelihood Decoding

2. Multilevel Coded Modulation3. Median Level Depressions fading

MLE Maximum Level Error algorithmMLHG Multiline Hunt GroupMLI Multiple Link Interface (networking)MLID Multiple Link Interface Driver (networking)MLK Mail List KeyMLL 1. Monthly Leased Line

2. Multimedia Learning Lab (e-learning)mlm millilumenMLM 1. Meridian Link Module

2. Multilongitudinal Mode (laser)MLP 1. Multilevel Precedence

2. Micro Leadframe Package (microwave)MLPP Multilevel Precedence and PreemptionMLS Microwave Landing SystemMLSC Multiple Low-Speed CSU (PBX)MLST Minimum Line Scan TimeMLT 1. Mechanized Line Testing equipment

2. Mechanical Loop TestMLT-3 Multilevel Transmit-3 levelsMLTS Multiple Language Text System (TV subtitles)MLU Mobile Locator Unit (GSM)mm millimeter (10K3 meter)MM 1. Man–Machine

2. Mobility Management (GSM)3. Mutimedia

MMAC Multimedia Mobile Access CommunicationMMB 1. Multimaster Bus

2. Millimetric Band (ETSI)3. Mass Media Bureau (FCC)

MMC 1. Maintenance, Monitoring, and Control2. Man–Machine Communication3. Mobile Multimedia Communication project4. Mobile Maritime Committee (U.S. Coast Guard)5. Multimedia Multiparty Conferencing


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6. Multimode Communications7. Multimedia Card (Flash memory)

MMCA Multimedia Card AssociationMMCD Multimedia Compact DiskMMCF Multimedia Communication ForumMMCX Multimedia Communication ExchangeMMDC 1.MassachusettsMicroprocessorDesign Center (U.S.A)

2.Multimedia andDigitalCommunications laboratories3. Multimedia Desktop Collaboration (software)4. Multimedia Development Center5. Multimode Data Compression6. Multiple Module Data Computer7. Multiservice Multicarrier DistributedCommunications

MMDS Multichannel Multipoint Distribution ServiceMME 1. Mobility Management Entity

2. Multimedia Message Entity3. Microsoft Mobile Explorer4. Mobile Meteorological Equipment

MMEG Multimedia Expert Group (WAP Forum)mmf magnetomotive force (voltage)MMF 1. Mobile Management Forum

2. Multimode Fiber3. Maximum Modulating Frequency

MMFD micromicrofarad (electronics)MMFS Manufacturing Message Format StandardMMI 1. Man-to-Machine Interface

2. Multimedia InterfaceMMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated CircuitMMITS Modular Multifunction Information Transfer SystemMMJ Modified Modular Jack (computer)MML Man–Machine Language (programming)MMM 1. Multimedia Messaging

2. Multimedia MailMMMS Multimedia Mail ServiceMMMSec Multimedia Mail SecurityMMN Multimedia NetworkMMP Man–Machine ProcessorMMPS Milstar Message Processing SystemMMR 1. Mobile Marine Radio Inc.

2. Modified Modified Read (compression method)MMS 1. Multimedia Messaging Service (GSM)

2. Multiplex Management System (TV access)



3. Maritime Mobile Service4. Modular Measurement System5. Meteorological Measurement System6. Manufacturing Message Specification (ISO)

MMSC Multimedia Messaging Service Center (GSM)MMSE 1. Minimum Mean Square Error

2. Multimedia Messaging Service EnvironmentMMSER Minimum Mean Square Error ReceptionMMSI 1. Maritime Mobile Service Identity code (Inmarsat)

2. Manchester Museum of Science & IndustryMMSK Modified MSK (modulation)MMSP Modular Multisatellite PreprocessorMMSS Maritime Mobile Satellite ServiceMMSU Modular Metallic Service UnitMMT Multimedia TerminalMMTA Multimedia Telecommunications Association

(standards)MMTF Mean Mission Time to FailureMMU 1. Manned Maneuvering Unit (U.S. space shuttle)

2. Memory Management Unit (processors)MMUSC Multiparty Multimedia User Session Control (IETF)MMVF Multimedia Video File (NEC)MMW millimeter Wave (microwave)MMX 1. Multimedia Extension (processors)

2. Matrix Math Extensions (processors)MNA Multimedia Network ApplicationsMNA7 Multiple CCS7 Network AddressesMNC Mobile Network Code (GSM)MNLP Mobile Network Location Protocol (cellular network)MNO Mobile Network OperatorMNOS Metal-Nitride-Oxide SemiconductorMNP 1. Microcom Networking Protocol (data compression)

2. Mobile Number Portability (cellular network)MNP10 Microcom Networking Protocol Class 10 (cellular

networks)MNRP Mobile Network Registration Protocol (cellular

network)MNRU Modulated Noise Reference UnitMNRZ Modified Non-Return-to-Zero level (data encoding)MNS Master of Network Science (3COM).mn.us Internet domain name extension for the addresses

located in Minnesota, United States.mo Internet domain name extension for the addresses

located in Macao


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MO 1. Magneto-Optical2. Master Oscillator

MOA Mobitex Operators Association (Korea)MobMan Mobility Management system (Inmarsat)Mobo Motherboard (computer)MOC Mobile Originating Call (GSM)MOCT Multiorder Cancellation Technique (microwave)MOCVD Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Decompression

(semiconductors)MOD 1. modulator

2. Magneto-Optical Diskmodec modem and codec (device)modem modulator and demodulator (device)MODFET Modulated-Doped FET (semiconductors)MODIS Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectrometer (remote

sensing)MOEMS Micro-Optical Electromechanical SystemsMOF Magneto-Optical Filter Development GroupMOH Music On Hold (PBX)mU milliohm (electronics)MU Megaohm (electronics)MOL Manned Orbiting Laboratory (satcom)MOM 1. Master Oscillator Module

2. Message Originated MiddlewareMOMA Message Originated Middleware Association

(standards)MOMBE Metal-Organic Molecular-Beam Epitaxy

(semiconductors)MONET 1. Multiwavelength Optical Network

2. Mobile InternetMOO MUD Object-OrientedMOON Magneto Optical On Network.moov Name extension for QuickTime MooV video files

(computer)MooV The file format for QuickTime Movie files (computer)MOP 1. Method Of Procedure (SONET)

2. Maintenance Operations ProtocolMOPA Master-Oscillator Power-Amplifier (electronics)MOPS 1. Minimum Operational Performance Standards

2. Millions of Operations Per Second (processors)MOPTT Ministry Of Post Telegraph and Telecommunications

(Lebanon)MOR Multiwavelength Optical RepeaterMORC Multi-output Resonant Converter



morphing metamorphosing (graphics)MOS 1. Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (integrated circuits)

2. Mean Opinion Score (voice quality)3. Marine Observation Satellite

MOSFET Metal-Oxide Semiconductor FET (semiconductors)MOSIGT Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Insulated-Gate TransistorMOSPF Multicast OSPF (routing protocol)MOSS MIME Object Security ServicesMOST Metal-OxideSemiconductorTransistor (semiconductors)MOTIS Message-Oriented Text Interchange System (ISO)MOTO Mail Order Telephone OrderMoU 1. Minutes of Use

2. Memorandum of Understanding.mov Name extension for Movie file in Apple’s QuickTime

formatMOV Metal-Oxide Varistor (semiconductors)MOVPE Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (semiconductors)MP 1. Multiport

2. Multilink ProtocolMPC Multilink Protocol PlusMP-MLQ Multipulse-Maximum Likelihood QuantizationMP/M Multitasking Program for Microcomputers (operating

system)MP1 MPEG layer-1 (audio encoding)MP2 MPEG layer-2 (video encoding)MP3 MPEG layer-3 (audio encoding)MP4 MPEG layer-4 (video encoding)MPC 1. Multiport Cluster

2. Multiport Card3. Multimedia Personal Computer4. MPOA Client (ATM)

MPDS Mobile Packet Data Service (Inmarsat).mpeg Name extension for MPEG image files (computer)MPEG Motion-Pictures Experts Group (data compression

standard)MPFM Motion-Picture File Managermpg File extension for encoded data streams containing

compressed information using MPEG formatMPG 1. Microwave Pulse Generator

2. Multiple-image Portable GraphicsMPI 1. Multi Path Interface

2. Media Platform InterfaceMPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching (IETF)MPM Master Processor Module


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MPML Main Profile Main Level (MPEG-2)MPMP Microwave Point to MultipointMPN 1. Mode-Partition Noise

2. Manufacturer’s Part NumberMPoA Multiprotocol over ATMMPOE Minimum Point Of EntryMPOP 1. Minimum Point Of Presence

2. Metropolitan Point Of PresenceMPP 1. Multichannel Point-to-point Protocol

2. Massively Parallel ProcessorMPPP Multilink Point-to-Point ProtocolMPPS Million Packets Per Second (LANs and WANs)MPR Maximum Pulse RateMPS 1. Multipage Signal

2. Mobile Positioning ServiceMPSC Multiprotocol Serial ControllerMPSK Multiple Phase-Shift Keying (modulation)MPT Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (Lebanon)MPTN Multiprotocol Transport Networking (IBM)MPTy multiparty (GSM supplementary service)MPU 1. Main Processor Unit (computer)

2. Microprocessor Unit (computer)3. Message Processor Unit

MPX multiplexMQA Multiple Queue Assignment (PBX)MQFP Metric-pitch Quad Flat-Pack (microchips)MQW Multiple-Quantum Well structure (semiconductors)mR milliroentgenMR 1. Message Router

2. Modem Ready (modem light)3. Magnetic Resonance

mrad milliradianMRAM Magnetic RAM (memory)MRC 1. MF Receiver Card

2. Microwave Radio Communications (company)MRCC Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (COMSAR)mrd milliradmrem milliremmrep millirepMRFR Master Reference Frequency RackMRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging (medicine)MRN 1. Mobile Roaming Number

2. Maritime Radio Navigation (ITU)MRNS Maritime Radio Navigation Service (ITU)



MRNSS Maritime Radio Navigation Satellite Service (ITU)MROP Marine Radio Operator Permit (FCC)MRP 1. Multiservice Route Processor (Cisco)

2. Materials Resource PlanningMRR Monthly Recurring RevenueMRSC Maritime Rescue Coordination Sub-Center (COMSAR)MRSII Minimum Request Sequence Initiation IntervalMRTIE Maximum Relative Time Interval ErrorMRU 1. Maximum Receive Unit

2. Mountain Rescue Unit (COMSAR)ms millisecond (10K3 of a second)mS millisiemensMS 1. Mobile Station (GSM)

2. Mobile Service3. Message Storage4. Message Switch5. Multiplex Section (MUX)6. Microprocessor System7. Microsoft (company)8. Military Standard

MS-AIS Multiplex Section, Alarm Indication Signal (MUX)MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating SystemMS-FF Master-Slave Flip-Flop (digital electronics)MS-SPRing Multiplex Section-Shared Protection Ring (MUX)MSA 1. Metropolitan Statistic Area (cellular networks)

2. Message Service Application3. Multiplexer Section Adaptation

MSAN MultiService Access NodeMSAS MTSAT Satellite-based Augmentation System (Japan)MSat Mobile Satellite (AMSC of Canada)MSATCOM Mobile Satellite CommunicationsMSAU Multistation Access Unit (networking)MSB Most Significant Bit (in a byte)MSBVW Magneto-Static Backward Volume Waves (microwave)MSC 1. Most Significant Character (in a string)

2. Mobile Services Switching Center (GSM)3. Management Services Contractor4. Meteorological Satellite Center (remote sensing)5. Maritime Safety Committee (IMO)6. Malaysian Multimedia Super Corridor

MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server (Windows NT)MSD 1. Medium Speed Data (Inmarsat)

2. Most-Significant Digit (in a number)MSDN Multiservice Data Network


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MSDSL Multirate Symmetrical DSL (access)MSE 1. Mobile Subscriber Equipment

2. Mean Square Error (MUX)msec millisecondMSED Minimum Squared Euclidean DistanceMSF 1. Mobile Serving Function

2. Multiservice Switching ForumMSFVW Magneto-Static Forward Volume Waves (microwave)MSG MessageMSI 1. Maritime Safety Information (COMSAR)

2. Medium-Scale Integration (microchips)3. Modular Station Interface

MSIN Mobile Station Identification NumberMSISDN Mobile Subscriber ISDN numberMSIX Metered Service Information ExchangeMSK Minimum-Shift Keying (modulation)MSL 1. Mirror Server Link (networking)

2. Multisatellite Link (satcom)MSME Multiplexing and Signaling Management EquipmentMSMQ Microsoft Message QueuingMSMT Micro Surface-Mount Technology (electronics)MSN 1. Microsoft Network

2. Mobile Station Number (GSM)3. Multiple Subscriber Numbering (ISDN)

MSNF Multisystem Networking FacilityMSO 1. Multiple System Operator (cable TV)

2. Marine Safety Office (U.S.A.)MSOH Multiplex Section Over head (MUX)MSOP Micro Small Outline PackageMSP 1. Message Security Protocol (Internet)

2. Mixed Signal Processor3. Multiplexer Section Protection switching (MUX)4. Metropolitan Service Provider

MSPP Mobile Solutions Partner Program (Microsoft)MSPS Million of Samples Per SecondMSR 1. MES Status Record

2. Microwave Scanning Radiometer (remote sensing)3. Magnetic-inductance Super Resolution4. Maximum Stuffing Rate (data communications)

MSRN Mobile Station Roaming Number (GSM)MSS 1. Mobile Satellite Services (ITU)

2. Multispectral Scanner (remote sensing)3. MAN Switching System

MSSC Maritime Satellite Switching Center



MSSE Master of Science in Software EngineeringMSSW Magneto-Static Surface WaveMST 1. Multiplexer Section Termination function (MUX)

2. Maintenance Support TerminalMST-RR Multiplex Section Termination for Sub-STM-1 Radio-

Relay (MUX)MSTS Mobile Subscriber Test SystemMSTU Main Signal Transmission UnitMSTV Association for Maximum Service TelevisionMSU 1. Message Signaling Unit (SS7)

2. Microwave Sounding Unit (remote sensing)3. Mobile Subscriber Unit4. Mobile Satellite Unit5. Modem Sharing Unit

MSUA Mobile Satellite Users AssociationMSV Master Supervisory EquipmentMSW Magneto-Static WaveMSX Mobile Switching Exchange (cellular networks)MSymbol/s Mega Symbols per second (TV)MT 1. Message Transfer

2. Message Type (ATM)3. Machine Translation (computer)4. Maroc Telecom (Moroccan operator)5. Mobile Termination

MTA 1. Message Transfer Agent (X.400)2. Macintosh Telephony Architecture3. Major Trading Area4. Microwave Transition Analyzer

MTBF Mean Time Between Failures (production rating)MTBM Mean Time BetweenMaintenances (production rating)MTBO Mean Time Between Outages (production rating)MTBPM Mean Time Between Preventive MaintenancesMTC 1. Mobile Terminating Call (GSM)

2.Mobile Telecommunications Company (Kuwait GSMoperator)

MTD 1. Memory Technology Driver2. Moving-Target Detection (radar)

MTF Modulation Transfer Function (optical fiber)MTFT Multilayer Thick-Film TechnologyMTG Multiplexer Timing GeneratorMTI Moving-Target Indicator (radar)MTIE Maximum Timing Interval ErrorMTL 1. Merged-Transistor Logic (digital electronics)

2. Message Transfer Layer


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MTM 1. Maintenance Trunk Monitor2. Mean Time of Maintenance (production rating)3. McLintock Theater Model

MTP 1. Message Transfer Part (SS7)2. Media Termination Point (VoIP)3. Many-Time Programmable memory

MTPI Multiplexer Timing Physical Interface (MUX)MTPT Ministry of Transportation, Post and

TelecommunicationsMTR Master Time ReferenceMTS 1. Message Telecommunications Service (regulation)

2. Message Transfer Service3. Message Telephone System4. Multichannel Television Sound5. Microsoft Terminal Server6. Member of Technical Staff

MTSAT Multifunctional Transport SatelliteMTSO Mobile Telephone Switching OfficeMTSR Mean Time to Service Restoral (production rating)MTTF Mean Time To Failure (production rating)MTTR Mean Time To Repair (production rating)MTTSR Mean Time To Service Restoral (production rating)MTU 1. Maximum Transmission Unit (data packets)

2. Multiple Tenant Unit3. Maintenance Termination Unit

MTV Magyar Television (broadcaster)MTX Mobile Telephone Exchange (Northern Telecom)MU Monitoring Unit (wireless)MUA Multiuser AgentMUD 1. Multiuser Dungeon (Internet games)

2. Multiuser Domain (Internet games)MUF Maximum Usable FrequencyMULDEM Multiplexer-DemultiplexerMULTICS Multiplexed Information and Computing SystemMUMPS Massachusetts Utility Multiprogramming SystemMUNDIS Multiplexed Network for Distributed and Interactive

ServicesMUP Management of User PartMUS Marine Utility StationMUSA Multiple-Unit Steerable AntennaMUSE 1. Multiple-SubNyquist Sampling Encoding

(compression)2. Multi-User Simulation Environment



MUSICAM Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Sub-band Inte-grated Coding And Multiplexing (Audio broadcasting)

MUSR Maximum User Signaling RateMUT Multiuser Talk (chat program)MUX multiplexerMUXER multiplexerMUXing multiplexingmV millivoltmVAC millivolt Alternating CurrentmVDC millivolt Direct CurrentMV 1. Megavolt

2. macrovisionMVA MegavoltampereMVBR multivibrator (digital circuit)MVDDS Multichannel Video Distribution and Data ServiceMVDS Multipoint Video Distribution SystemMVIP Multivendor Integration Protocol (Telcordia

Technologies)MVL 1. Multiple Virtual Lines (access technology)

2. Multimedia Virtual Laboratory (Japan)3.Multimedia and Visualization Laboratory (Original ofMLL)

MVNE Mobile Virtual Network EnablerMVNO Mobile Virtual Network OperatorMVP 1. Multichannel Video Programming

2. Multimedia Video ProcessorMVPD Multichannel Video Programming Distribution

(cable TV)MVPN Mobile Virtual Private NumberMVS Multiple Virtual Storage (IBM mainframes)mW milliwatt (10K3 Watts)MW 1. Megawatt (106 Watts)

2. Medium Wave (radio broadcast band)3. microwave

MWh Megawatt-hourMWI Message Waiting Indicator (telephone set)MWIF Mobile Wireless Internet ForumMWR Microwave Radiometer (test equipment)MWV Maximum Working VoltageMx Maxwell (unit of magnetic flux)MXB Matrix BoardMXR 1. multiplexer

2. mixerMZI Mach–Zehnder Interferometer


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N n

n 1. Symbol for prefix nano-, denoting one-billionth or10K9

2. Symbol for an integer number (mathematics)nA nanoampere (electronics)N 1. Symbol for Newton

2. Symbol for any integer Number bigger than 1(mathematics)3. Symbol for Noise4. Symbol for Negative (semiconductors)5. Symbol for Narrow-band

N&SS Network and Systems SupportN-AMPS Narrow-band AMPSN-ISDN Narrow-band ISDNN-MOS N-channel MOS (semiconductors)N-Port Node PortN-TACS Narrow-band TACS (Motorola)N/A 1. Not Available (documents)

2. Not Applicable (documents)N/I Noise-to-Interference (ratio)N/m2 Newton per square meterNA 1. Network Administration

2. Numerical Aperture (antenna)NA-TDMA North American TDMA

AU5866—CHAPTER N—N—12/7/2007—11:23—VELU—274416—XML MODEL E – pp. 219–235

N

219

NAB 1. National Association of Broadcasters (U.S.A.)2. National Alliance of Business

NABTS North American Basic Teletext SpecificationNAC 1. Network Access Center

2. Network Access Control3. Network Applications Consortium4. Numbering Advisory Committee5. Null Attachment Concentrator

NACC North American Calibration CooperativeNACD Network Autonomous Commanding DisplayNACIC National Counterintelligence Information CenterNACISA NATO Communications and Information Systems

AgencyNACK Negative Acknowledged (control character)NACME National Action Council for Minorities in EngineeringNACN North American Cellular NetworkNACS Network Analysis Control SurveillanceNACSEM National Communications Security Emanation

MemorandumNACSIM National Communications Security Information

MemorandumNAD Network Access DomainNADC North American Dual-mode Cellular systemNADF North American Directory ForumNADN Nearest Active Downstream Neighbor (LANs)NADP North American Directory PlanNADTP National Association of Desktop PublishersNAEC Novell Authorized Education Center (Novel, Inc.)

NAK Negative Acknowledgement (control character)NAL 1. National Aerospace Laboratory (Japan)

2. Network Access LineNAM 1. Number Assignment Module (cellular networks)

2. National Account Manager3. National Association of Manufacturers (U.S.A.)

NAMAS National Measurement Accreditation ServiceNAMPS Narrow-band AdvancedMobile Phone System (cellular

networks)NAMTS Nippon Advanced Mobile Telephone System (Japan)NANC North American Numbering CouncilNAND A combination of a NOT and an AND gate (digital

electronics)NANOG North American Network Operator’s Group (U.S.A.)NANP North American Numbering Plan



NANPA North American Numbering Plan AdministrationNAOM National Accounts Operations ManagerNAP 1. Network Access Point (Internet backbone)

2. Network Access Provider3. National Attachment Point (Internet)

NAPI Numbering/Addressing Plan IdentifierNAPLPS North American Presentation-Level Protocol SyntaxNAPP National Aerial Photography ProgramNAPT Native American Public Telecommunications, Inc.NAR Network Access Register (Centrex)NARS Network Audio Response SystemNARSAP National Advanced Remote Sensing Application

ProgramNARTE National Association of Radio and Telecommunications

Engineers (U.S.A.)NARUC National Association of Regulatory Utility Commis-

sioners (U.S.A.)NAS 1. NetWare Access Server

2. Network Access Server3. Network-Attached Storage (storage device)4. National Academy of Science (U.S.A.)

NASA NationalAeronautics and SpaceAdministration (U.S.A.)NASC 1. National Aeronautics and Space Council (U.S.A.)

2. Number Administration and Service CenterNASCOM NASA Communications Network (U.S.A.)NASDA National Space Development Agency (Japan)NASDAQ National Association of Security Dealers Automated

QuotationNASTD National Association of State Telecommunications

DirectorsNAT Network Address Translation (VPNs)NATA 1. North American Telephone Association

2. National Association of Testing AuthoritiesNATD National Association of Telecommunications DealersNATI Not A Telecom IssueNATOA National Association of Telecommunications Officers

and Advisors (U.S.A.)NAU Network Addressable Unit (IBM SNA)NAUCS Network Access Usage and Cost SystemNAUN Nearest Active Upstream Neighbor (LANs)NAV 1. Network Applications Vehicle

2. Network Allocation Vector3. Net Asset Value

NAVAR Navigation And Ranging (radar)


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N

NAVAREA Navigational Area (IMO)NAVSAT Navy Satellite system (U.S.A.)NAVSTAR Navigation System using Time And Ranging (satellite)Nax Network FaxingNB 1. Narrow-Band

2. Normal BurstNBA Nominated Barring Authority (Inmarsat)NBC 1. National Broadcasting Company

2. Network Bus Controller3. Non-Backward Compatible (softwares)

NBDP Narrow-Band Direct-PrintingNBF Net BIOS FrameNBFCP Net BIOS Frames Control ProtocolNBFM Narrow-Band Frequency ModulationNBFP Net BIOS Frame Format ProtocolNBH Network Busy HourNBMA Non-Broadcast Multiple AccessNBP 1. Name Binding Protocol (networking)

2. Net BIOS ProtocolNBPM Narrow-Band Phase ModulationNBRVB Narrow-Band Radio Voice BandwidthNBRVF Narrow-Band Radio Voice FrequencyNBS National Bureau of Standards (now NIST)NBSP Non-Breaking Space (HTML command)NBSV Narrow-Band Secure Voice (system)NC 1. Network Computer (Sun Microsystems)

2. Network Control3. Numerical Control system4. Normally Closed (relay or switch contacts)5. No Connection (diagrams)

NC&A Network Construction and AdministrationNCA 1. Number of Calls Abandoned

2. National Convergence Alliance (U.S.A.)NCACHE Negative CacheNCAR National Center for Atmospheric ResearchNCAS Non-Call-path Associated SignalingNCB Network Control Block (networking)NCBS New Commercial Billing SystemNCC 1. Network Control Center (Inmarsat)

2. Network Color Code (GSM)3. National Coordination Committee4. National Communications Committee5. National Computer Conference

NCCF Network Communications Control Facility (IBM SNA)



NCCS Network Control Center SystemNCD Non-linear Control DesignNCE Nomadic Computing Environment (PC standard)NCEO Non-Compliant End OfficeNCH Number of Calls HandledNCHD National Customer Help DeskNCHPC NationalConsortium forHigh-PerformanceComputingNCI Network Channel InterfaceNCIA Native Client Interface Architecture (Cisco)NCITS National Committee for Information Technology

StandardizationNCL Network Control Language (programming)NCMS National Center for Manufacturing SciencesNCO 1. National Coordination Office

2. Neutral Central Office3. Numerically Controlled Oscillator

NCOP Network Code Of PracticeNCP 1. NetWare Core Protocol (networking)

2. Network Control Protocols (Internet)3. Network Control Point (AT&T)4. Network Control Program (IBM SNA)5. Network Configuration Process (Northern Telecom)

NCPS National Customer Product SupportNCRA National Cellular Resellers Association (U.S.A.)NCS 1. Network Coordination Station (Inmarsat)

2. Network Control System3. Network-based Call Signaling4. Network Computing System5. National Communications System (U.S.A.)

NCSA 1. National Center for Supercomputing Applications(U.S.A.)2. National Computer Security Associations

NCSANet National Center for Supercomputing ApplicationsNetwork

NCSC 1. National Computer Security Center (U.S.A.)2. National Communications Security Center (U.S.A.)

NCTA National Cable Television Association (U.S.A.)NCTE Network Channel-Terminating EquipmentNCU Node Control UnitNCUG National Centrex Users GroupNDA 1. Non-Disclosure Agreement (contracts)

2. National Directory AssistanceNDAC National Database Administration CenterNDC National Destination Code (ISDN number)


N n & 223

N

NDCDB National Digital Cartographic DatabaseNDCS 1. Network Data Control Station

2. Network Data Control SystemNDD NetWare Directory Database (networking)NDDS Network Data-Delivery ServiceNDE Network Design EngineeringNDF New Data Flag (MUX)NDIR Non-Dispersive InfraredNDIS 1. Network Driver Interface Specification (networking)

2. Network Design Interface Specification(networking)

NDLO-CIS Norwegian Defense Logistic Organization—Communi-cations and Information Systems

NDM Network Data MoverNDMP Network Data Management ProtocolNDN Non-Delivery Notification (Inmarsat)NDO Network Design OrderNDOD Near-Data-On-Demand (service)NDP Neighbor Discovery Protocol (new Internet)NDR 1. Non-Destructive Readout (memory)

2. News Datacom Research, Ltd3. Negative Differential Resistance (transistor)

NDRO Non-Destructive Read-Out (memory)NDS 1. Network Desired State

2. NetWare Directory Services (networking)NDSF Non-Dispersion Shifted FiberNDT No Dial ToneNDVD Non-Determination in Deductive DatabasesNDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (remote

sensing)Nd-YAG Neodymium-doped Yttrium–Aluminum Garnet (laser)NE Network Element (MUX)NE&I Network Engineering and ImplementationNEAP Novell Education Academic Partner (e-learning)NEAR Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous SpacecraftNEARNet New England Academic and Research NetworkNEBE Near-End Block ErrorNEBS Network Equipment Building Standard (Telcordia

Technologies)NEC 1. Nippon Electric Company (Japan)

2. National Electric Code (U.S.A.)NECA National Exchange Carrier Association (standards

organization)NECP Network Element Control Protocol



NECTAR Network for Effective Collaboration ThroughAdvanced Research

NECTAS Network Equipment Craft Terminal ApplicationSoftware

NEDA National Electronics Distributors AssociationNEDT Noise-EquivalentDifferentialTemperature (electronics)NEF Network Element Function (MUX)Negatron Negative electronNEI Network Entity Identifier (cellular network)NEL Network Element LayerNEM Network Element Management (MUX)NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMAS Network Management and Administration SystemNEMKO Norges Elektriske Material Kontroll (Norway)NEMO Not Emanating from Main Office (broadcasting)NEMP Nuclear Electromagnetic PulseNEMS Network Element Managment ServerNENA National Emergency Numbering Association (U.S.A.)NEP Noise Equivalent Power (electronics)NEPA National Environment Policy ActNES Noise Equivalent SignalNESC National Electrical Safety Code (IEEE)NESDIS National Environmental Satellite, Data, and

Information ServiceNET 1. Internet

2. network3. Network Equipment Technologies, Inc.4. Normes Europeenne de Telecommunications

NetPOP Network Point Of PresenceNetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface (networking)NetBIOS Network BIOS (networking)NetBSD A free version of BSD UNIX operating systemNetBT NetBIOS over TPC/IPnetcast A broadcast by using the InternetNETCOM 1. Network Enterprise Technology Command (U.S.

Army)2. Network Command (information systems)

NETCONSTA Network Control StationNETDDE Network Dynamic Data Exchange (Windows feature)NETI Network Information TableNETIPC Network Interprocess Communicationsnetiquette network etiquettenetizen network citizenNETOPS Network Operations System


N n & 225

N

NetWare SFT NetWare System Fault Tolerance (networking)NEU Network Extension Unit (AT&T).newsr Name extension for UNIX-based news readers files

(computer)NEXT Near-End Cross-Talk (cables)nF nanofarad (electronics)NF Noise Figure (satcom)NFA Noiseless Feedback AmplifierNFAR Network File Access RoutineNFAS Non-Facility Associated Signaling (ISDN)NFB No-Fuse Circuit-BreakerNFCB National Federation of Community Broadcasters

(U.S.A.)NFM 1. Network Fault Management (Motorola)

2. Noise Figure MeterNFOEC National Fiber Optic Engineers ConferenceNFPA National File Protection Association (U.S.A.)NFR Normal Frequency Reference unitNFS 1. Network File Server

2. Network File System (Unix standard)NFSP NetWare File Service ProtocolNFT Network File TransferNGA Noise Gain AnalyzerNGDC National Geographical Data CenterNGDLC Next Generation Digital Loop CarrierNGFL National Grid For Learning (e-learning)NGI Next Generation InternetNGIN Next Generation Intelligent NetworkNGN Next Generation NetworkNGNP Non-Geographic Number PortabilityNGOSS New Generation Operating System and SoftwareNGP Network GroupNGSO Non-Geostationary Orbit (satellites)NGSO-FSS Non-GeostationaryOrbit—Fixed Satellite Service (ITU)NGT New Generation TransceivernH nanohenry (electronics)NH National HostNHAP National High-Altitude PhotographyNHK Nippon Hose Kyokai (Japanese broadcaster)NHRP Next Hop Routing Protocol (IETF)NHS Next Hop ServerNI 1. Network Interface

2. Network Implementation3. National ISDN



NI-1 National ISDN-1NI-2 National ISDN-2NI-3 National ISDN-3NIA Network Interface Adapter (IBM)NIC 1. Network Interface Card (networking)

2. Network Information Center3. Network Interface Controller4. National ISDN Council5. Near-Instantaneous Companding

NiCAD Nickel–Cadmium (battery)NICAM Near-Instantaneous Companded Audio MultiplexNiCd Nickel–Cadmium (battery)NICE Network Information and Control ExchangeNICI National Information and Communications

Infrastructure (Africa)NICS NATO Integrated Communications SystemNICT National Institute of Information and Communications

Technology (Japan)NICTA National Iranian ICTAgenda (locally known as TAKFA)NID 1. Network Inward Dialing (feature)

2. Network Interface Device3. Network Information Database

NIDS Network Intrusion Detection SystemNIF Network Interface FunctionNIH National Information HighwayNII National Information InfrastructureNIM 1. Network Interface Module (standard)

2. National Instrumentation Module (standard)NIMA National Imagery Mapping AgencyNIMBY “Not In My Back Yard” (cellular networks)NiMH Nickel-Metal-Hydride (battery)NIMS Network Information Management SystemNIOD Network Inward/Outward DialingNIPO Negative-Input Positive-Output (digital electronics)NIS 1. Network Information Services (UNIX systems)

2. Network Imaging Server3. NATO Identification System

NISP National ISP (Internet Service Provider)NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.A.)NIT Network Information Table (broadcasting)NITF National Image Transfer FormatNIU Network Interface UnitNIUF North American ISDN Users’ Forum (standards

organization)


N n & 227

N

NIVT Network Integration Verification TestNJE Network Job Entry (IBM)NL 1. New Line (control character)

2. Network LayerNLA Network Layer Address (LAN packet)NLANR National Laboratory for Applied Network Research

(U.S.A.)NLDC Non-Linear Directional CouplerNLDM Network Logical Data Manager (IBM)NLES Navigational Land Earth StationNLETS National Law Enforcement Telecommunication

SystemNLM NetWare Loadable Module (networking)NLO Non-Linear Optical materialNLOS Non-Line-Of-Sight (transmission)NLP 1. Neuro-Linguistic Programming

2. Natural Language Processing (language recognition)3. Network Layer Packet

NLPI Network Layer Protocol Identifier (LANs)NLPID Network Layer Protocol IDNLQ Near-Letter-Quality (printers)NLS 1. Name Lookup Service

2. Natural-Language Support (voice recognition)3. Non-Linear Schrodinger (equation)

NLSP NetWare Link Services Protocol (networking)nm nanometerNM Network ManagementNMA 1. Network Management Architecture

2. Network Monitoring and Analysis systemNMAA National Multimedia Association of AmericaNMACS Network Monitor And Control SystemNMAR Network Management and Access RoutineNMB Network Memory BusNMC 1. Network Management Center

2. Network Monitoring and Control3. Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable

NMCC Network Management Control Center (networking)NMCCC Network Management Command and Control CenterNMCM Network Management Communications ManagerNMCN Network Management Communications NetworkNMEA National Maritime Electronics AssociationNMF 1. Network Management Forum (standards

organization)2. Network Management Function



NMI 1. Non-Maskable Interrupt (PC chat)2. Network Management Interface

NML Network Management Layer (TMN)NMM Network Management ModuleNMOS N-channel MOS (semiconductors)NMP 1. Network Management Processor (AT&T)

2. Network Management Protocol (networking)NMPA National Music Publishers’ AssociationNMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (microwave)NMRR Normal-Mode Rejection RatioNMS 1. NetWare Management System (networking)

2. Network Management SystemNMSE 1. Network Management System Engineering

2. Normalized Mean Square ErrorNMSI National Mobile Station Identification numberNMT Nordic Mobile Telephone system (Nordic Countries)NMTC National Mobile Telecommunications Company

(Kuwait)NMU 1. Network Management Unit

2. Noise Measurement UnitNMVT Network Management Vector TransportNN 1. National Network

2. National Number3. Network Node

NNBS NetView Network Billing SystemNNC Neural Network Council (IEEE)NNCDE Nortel Networks Certified Design ExpertNNCNA Nortel Networks Certified Network ArchitectureNNCSE Nortel Networks Certified Support ExpertNNCSS Nortel Networks Certified Support SpecialistNNG National Number GroupNNI 1. Network Node Interface (MUX)

2. Network-to-Network Interface (ATM)3. Neural Notwork Interface4. Nearest Neighbor Interpolation (remote sensing)

NNM National Network ManagementNNMC National Network Management Center (TPC/IP)NNS 1. National Network Support

2. Network Node SystemNNSC National Network Surveillance CenterNNSS Navy Navigational Satellite SystemNNTM National Network Trouble ManagementNNTP Network News Transfer Protocol (TPC/IP)NNX Network Numbering Exchange


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NO 1. Network Object2. Normally Open (relay or switch contacts)

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(satellite)

NOBIS Network Operations Business Information SystemNOC Network Operations Center (Inmarsat)NOCC Network Operations Control CenterNOCTAS Network Office Craft Terminal Application SoftwareNOD Network Outward Dialing (feature)NODS Near Obstacle Detection SystemNOH Network Operations Handbook (Inmarsat)NOI Notice Of Inquiry (FCC)NOIS Netscape, Oracle, IBM, and Sun Microsystems

(Microsoft)NOF Network Operator FacilityNOMDA National Office Machine Dealers AssociationNon-Div Non-DiversityNon-GSO Non-Geostationary Orbit (satellites)NO-OP No-Operation (instruction)NOP Network Operations ProtocolNOPS New Order Processing SystemNOR Gate A combination of a NOT and an OR Gate (digital

electronics)NORC Network Operations Research CommitteeNRE Non-Recurring EngineeringNORM Nack-Oriented Reliable MulticastNOS Network Operating System (LAN software)NOSC Naval Ocean Surveillance CenterNOST NASA Office of Standards and TechnologyNOTAM Notice to Airmen (COMSAR)NOTHS Network Operations Trouble Handling SystemNOV News OverviewNovin 3Com Novin Comprehensive Communication Company

(Iran)Np Neper (unit of ratio of two voltages, two currents, or

two power values in a logarithmic manner)NP 1. Number Portability

2. Negative–Positive (semiconductors)NP&D Network Planning and DesignNP0 Negative–Positive-Zero (materials)NPA 1. Numbering Plan Area (Bell)

2. Network Performance Analyzer (IBM)3. Network Professionals Association (U.S.A.)4. National Pricing Agreement (AT&T)



NPAC 1. Number Portability Administration Center2. Number Portability Access Center

NPBA National Public Broadcasting Archives (MarylandUniversity)

NPC 1. Network Parameter Control2. Network Processing Card

NPD 1. Network Protection Device (PBX)2. Noise Power Density

NPDA Network Problem Determination Application (IBM)NPDN Nordic Public Data NetworkNPDU Network Protocol Data UnitNPI 1. Network Product Implementation

2. Not Plugged In3. Null Pointer Indicator (MUX)

NPL Network PlanningNPM 1. Non-Penetrating Mount

2. Network Process MonitorNPN 1. Negative–Positive–Negative (semiconductors)

2. Network Provider NetworkNPNP Negative–Positive–Negative–Positive

(semiconductors)NPO Network Performance ObjectivesNPR 1. National Public Radio

2. Noise Power Ratio3. New Product Return (number)

NPRM Notice of Proposed Rule Making (regulatory)NPS 1. Network Product Support

2. Number Portability SurchargeNPSI NCP Packet Switching Interface (X.25)NPSP Network Products and Systems PlanningNPSTC National Public Safety Telecommunications CouncilNPU Numeric Processing UnitNQR Nuclear Quadruple ResonanceNR 1. Number (Morse code transmissions)

2. Nyquist RateNRAM Non-volatile RAM (memory)NRC 1. Non-Recurring Charge

2. National Research Council (U.S.A.)3. Network Reliability Council

NRCE Non-Redundant Common EquipmentNRD Network Reconciliation DescriptorNRDA National Routing and Database AdministrationNREN National Research and Education Network (e-learning)NRI Net Radio Interface


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NRIC Network Reliability and Interoperability Council (FCC)NRM 1. Normal Response Mode (HDLC)

2. Network Resource ManagerNRMS Network Reference and Monitor StationNRS 1. Network Routing System

2. National Relay Service3. Network Reconfiguration System

NRSC National Radio Systems CommitteeNRT Near-Real-TimeNRTC National Rural Telecommunication CooperativeNRTL Nationally Recognized Test LaboratoryNRUG National Rolm User GroupNRZ Non-Return-to-Zero level (data encoding)NRZ-1 Non-Return-to-Zero level, one (data encoding)NRZ-C Non-Return-to-Zero level, Change (data encoding)NRZ-I Non-Return-to-Zero level, Inverted (data encoding)NRZ-L Non-Return-to-Zero, Level (data encoding)NRZ-M Non-Return-to-Zero, Mark (data encoding)NRZ-S Non-Return-to-Zero, Space (data encoding)NS-CPE Non-Standard Customer Premise EquipmentNSA 1. National Security Agency

2. Network Service Address3. Normalized Site Attenuation (microwave)

NSAI National Standards Authority of IrelandNSAP Network Service Access Point (OSI model)NSAPI Netscape Server Application Programming InterfaceNSB National Science BoardNSC 1. Network Service Center

2. Non-Standard CommandNSCAT NASA Scatterometer (remote sensing)NSCP National Scalable Cluster ProjectNSDETP Network System Development Electronic Transaction

ProcessingNSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure (U.S.A.)NSDP Non-Signaling Data ProtocolNSDP-B&S Non-Signaling Data Protocol for Billing and

SettlementsNSDP-F Non-Signaling Data Protocol for FraudNSDU Network Service Data Unit (OSI model)NSE 1. Network Support Element (networking)

2. Network Surveillance Engineer3. Network System Engineer

NSE/OES Network Support Element and Operations EvaluationSystem



nsec nanosecondNSESS Network Systems Engineering Systems SupportNSF 1. National Science Foundation

2. Network Specific FacilitiesNSFNet National Science Foundation’s NetworkNSG National Systems GroupNSI Network Solutions, Inc.NSIC National Storage Industry ConsortiumNSIE Network Security Information ExchangeNSIF Network and Services Integration Forum (ATIS)NSInet NASA Science InternetNSLOOKUP Name Server LookupNSMD Non-Solder Mask DefinedNSN Network Service NodeNSO 1. National Standards Organization

2. National Services Organization3. National Switch Operations

NSOM Near-field Scanning Optical MicroscopyNSP 1. Network Service Provider

2. Network Service Protocol3. Network Service Point4. Network Supervisory Processor5. Native Signal Processing

NSPE National Society of Professional EngineersNSPIXP Network Service Provider Internet Exchange PointNSR 1. Network Status Record

2. Non-Source Routed3. Nyquist Sampling Rate

NSS 1. Network and Switching Subsystem (PLMN)2. Network Status Subsystem3. Network Support System4. Network Software Support5. National Standards System (Canada)6. Non-Standard Setup (command)

NSSN National Standard System NetworkNSTAC National Security Telecommunications Advisory

CommitteeNSTS Network Systems Technical SupportNSU Network Synchronization UnitNT 1. Northern Telecom

2. Network Terminal (ISDN)3. New Technology (Windows NT)4. Windows New Technology

NT1 Network Terminator type 1 (ISDN)


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NT2 Network Terminator type 2NTACS Narrow TACS (cellular networks)NTAS 1. Network Traffic Analysis System

2. Windows NT Advanced ServerNTB Net-Top-Box (PC)NTC 1. National Telecommunications Commission

(Thailand)2. National Telecoms Corporation (Sudan)3. Negative Temperature Coefficient (thermistors)

NTCA National Telephone Cooperative AssociationNTDPC National Telecommunications Damage Prevention

Council (U.S.A.)NTDS 1. Naval Tactical Data System

2. National Television Design StandardsNTE 1. Network Termination Equipment (BT)

2. Network Transmission ElementsNTELOS NetView Traffic Engineering Line Optimization SystemNTF No Trouble FoundNTFS New Technology File System (Windows NT)NTI Network Terminating InterfaceNTIA Network Telecommunications and Information

AdministrationNTIS National Technical Information Service Technology

Administration (U.S.A.)NTL National Transcommunications, Ltd.NTM 1. Network Traffic Management (Telcordia

Technologies)2. Notice To Mariners (shipping)

NTN Network Terminal Number (X.25)NTO Network Terminal Option (IBM)NTP 1. Network Time Protocol (TCP/IP)

2. Network Termination PointNTS 1. Network Test System

2. Number Translation Services3. Non-Traffic Sensitive

NTSC National Television Standards Committee (TVbroadcast format)

NTSC STD NTSC Standard (TV broadcasting)NTT Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

( Japan)NTTC National Transportable Telecommunications Capability

(comsat)NTU Network Terminating UnitNTV Non-linear Thickness Variation (IC wafer)



NU 1. Network Unit2. Network Unavailable

NUA Network User AddressNuBus New BusNUDET Nuclear Detonation Evaluation Techniquenudome nuclear radome (nuclear radiations)NUI 1. NetWare Users International (networking)

2. Network User IdentifierNUID Network User IdentificationNUL “NULL” (character control code)NUMA Non-Uniform Memory Access (architecture)nV nanovolt (electronics)NV Network VideoNVI Normalized Vegetation Index (remote sensing)NVIS Near-Vertical Incident SkywaveNVLAP National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation ProgramNVM Non-Volatile MemoryNVoD Near-Video-on-Demand (service)NVP Network Voice Protocol (ARPANet)NVRAM Non-Volatile RAM (memory)NVS Non-Volatile StorageNVT Novell Virtual Terminals (Novell NetWare)nW nanowatt (electronics)NWADMIN NetWare Administrator (Novell NetWare)NWAT New Wireline Access TechnologyNWDM Narrow-Wavelength-Division MultiplexingNWL Non-Wireline (cellular networks)NWRA National Wireless Resellers Association (U.S.A.)NWS Network ServicesNXX identifies the central office exchange allocated within

the NPAsNYIIX New York International Internet ExchangeNYNEX New York New England Exchange (AT&T)NZCS New Zealand Computer SocietyNZDSF Non-Zero Dispersion Shifted FiberNZSA New Zealand Software AssociationNZWDF New Zealand Wireless Data Forum


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O o

O&M Operations and MaintenanceO-ADM Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (MUX)O-band Optical Frequency wavelength ranging from 1260 to

1310 nmO-QPSK Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (modulation)O/E Optical-to-Electric converterO/P outputO/R Originator and Recipient (X.400)OA 1. Office Automation

2. Optical AmplifierOA&M Operations, Administration and MaintenanceOAA Open Avionics ArchitectureOACSU Off-Air Call Setup (GSM)OAD Optical Admittance DiagramOADM Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (MUX)OAI Open Application InterfaceOAM 1. Off-Air Monitoring

2. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance3. Operations and Maintenance

OAM&P Operations, Administration,Maintenance andProvisioning

OAMS Operation Alarms and Measurement SystemOAMT Operations, Administration and Maintenance Terminal

AU5866—CHAPTER O—O—12/7/2007—11:14—VELU—274417—XML MODEL E – pp. 237–246

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OAN Optical Access NodeOAO Orbiting Astronomical ObservatoryOAs Operations Applications (AINs)OATS Open Area Test SiteOAU Operator Access UnitOB Outside Broadcasting (Intelsat)OBC On-Board ComputerOBCS On-Board Communications StationOBE Out-of-Band Emission (Intelsat)OBF Ordering and Billing ForumOBI 1. Open Buying on the Internet Consortium

(standards)2. Omni-Bearing Indicator (instrument)

OBL Local Loop Operator of FranceOBN Out-of-Band Noise (Intelsat)OBO Output Back-OffOBP On-Board Processing (Intelsat)OBS 1. Outdoor Base Station

2. Out-of-Band Signaling3. Optical Burst Switching4. Omni-Bearing Selector (instrument)

OBSAI Open Base Station Architecture InitiativeOBU On-Board UnitOBWR On-Board Waveform Regenerator (Intelsat)OC 1. Optical Carrier

2. Open Circuit3. Open Collector (circuits)

OC-1 Optical Carrier level-1OC-3 Optical Carrier level-3OC-12 Optical Carrier level-12OCA Optical Channel AnalyzerOCB Oil Circuit-BreakerOCC 1. Operations Control Center (Inmarsat and Intelsat)

2. Other Common Carrier (Intelsat)3. Optical Cross-Connect (MUX)

OCDMA Optical CDMA (access)OCE 1. Open Collaboration Environment (Macintosh)

2. On-Call Engineer (Intelsat)OCG Operational Coordination Group (ETSI)OCH Optical ChannelOCIR Overcoat Incident RecordingOCL Office Code LocationOCN Operating Company NumberOCO Oven Controlled Oscillator



OCP 1. Operator Control Panel2. Optical Control Plane (Cisco)

OCPAR Optically-Controlled Phase-Array RadarOCR 1. Optical Character Recognition (scanners)

2. Optical Character Reader (scanners)3. Outgoing Call Restriction

OCRI Ottawa Center for Research and Innovation (Canada)OCS On-board Communications StationOCT Office Craft TerminalOCTS Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (remote

sensing)OCU Orderwire Control UnitOCUDP Office Channel Unit Data PortOCVCXO Oven-Controlled/Voltage-Controlled Crystal

OscillatorOCW 1. OpenCourseWare (ICT)

2. Oscillator Control WordOCXO Oven-Controlled Crystal OscillatorOCX OLE Custom ControlOD 1. Optical Density

2. Optical DemultiplexerODA 1. Office Document Architecture (ISO)

2. Object Definition Alliance (Oracle)ODAPS Oceanic Display and Planning SystemODAS Ocean Data Acquisition Systems (UNESCO)ODB 1. Operator Determined Barring (GSM)

2. Open Dual BusODBC Open Data-Base ConnectivityODBMG Object Data-Base Management GroupODC Open Development ConsortiumODF Optical Distribution FrameODI 1. Open Data-Link Interface (networking)

2. Operational Data Integrator (MCI)ODIF Office Document Interchange FormatODIN Optical Digital Integrated NetworkODINSUP Open Data-link Interface/Network Support

(networking)ODIS Oceanographic Data Interrogating StationODLC Optimum Data-Link Control (protocol)ODMG Object Database Management GroupODP 1. Open Distributed Processing

2. Optical Distribution PointODR Optical Document RecognitionODSI Open Directory Services Interface


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ODTR Office of the Director of TelecommunicationsRegulation (Ireland)

ODU Out-Door Unit (VSAT)O/E Optical-to-Electrical (converter)Oe Oersted (magnetic field strength)OE Office EquipmentOEIC Opto-Electronic Integrated CircuitOEL Organic Electro luminescent (display technology)OELR Overall Echo Loudness RatingOEM Original Equipment Manufacturer (products)OEO Optical-to-Electrical-to-Optical regenerationOES Operations Evaluation System (MCI)OF Optical FiberOFA Optical Fiber AmplifierOFBG Optical Fiber Bragg GratingOFC 1. Open Financial Connectivity (interface)

2. Optical Fiber CableOFCP Optical Fiber Conductive PlenumOFCR Optical Fiber Conductive RiserOFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

(transmission)OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple AccessOFHC Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity (copper wire)OFM Operational Fixed MicrowaveOFN 1. Optical Fiber Network

2. Optical Fiber Non-conductiveOFNP 1. Optical Fiber Non-conductive Plenum

2. Optical Fiber Network PlenumOFNR 1. Optical Fiber Non-conductive Riser

2. Optical Fiber Network RiserOFR Office of the Federal Register (U.S.A.)OFS 1. Operational Fixed Service

2. Out-of-Frame Seconds (MUX)OFSCFC Optical Fiber Cable and Solar Cell Fabrication

Company (Iran)OFTA Office of the Telecommunications Authority (Hong

Kong)OFTEL The Office of Telecommunications (U.K.)OFX Open Financial ExchangeOGM Out-Going MessageOGT Out-Going TrunkOH overhead (MUX)OHA Overhead Access (MUX)OHB Overhead Byte (MUX)



OHD Optical Hard DriveOHG Operators Harmonization Group (cellular

networks)OHI 1. Overhead Interface

2. One-Horn InterferometerOHQ Off-Hook QueueOHR 1. Optical Handwriting Recognition

2. Overhead RouterOHVA Off-Hook Voice AnnounceOIC Optical Integrated CircuitOICETS Optical Inter-orbit Communications Engineering Test

SatelliteOID 1. Originating ID

2. Object IdentifierOIDA Optoelectronics Industry Development AssociationOIF Optical Interworking ForumOIR Online Insertion and Removal (equipment

components)OJT On-the-Job TrainingOK-QPSK Offset-Keyed QPSK (modulation)OLA 1. Open-Library Architecture

2. Optical Line AmplifierOLAP On-Line Analytical Processing (ICT)OLC Optical Loop CarrierOLE Object Linking and Embedding (software

technology)OLEC Originating Local Exchange CarrierOLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode (display technology)OLI Optical Loop InterfaceOLIU Optical Line Interface UnitOLNS Originating Line Number ScreeningOLO Other Licensed OperatorsOLOS Obstructed-Line-Of-Sight (transmission)OLR Outgoing Longwave Radiance (remote sensing)OLRU Optical Line Regenerating UnitOLS 1. Originating Line Screening

2. On-Line Services3. Optical-Label Switching (networking)

OLT Optical Line TerminalOLTC Optical Line Terminal ControllerOLTE Optical Line Terminal EquipmentOLTP On-Line Transaction Processing (ICT)OLTS Optical Loss Test SetOLTU Optical Line Terminal Unit


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OM 1. Operational Measurement2. Old Man or radio officer of ship (Morse codetransmissions)3. Optical Multiplexer

OM-1 Open MPEG ConsortiumOMA 1. Object Management Architecture

2. Open Mobile AllianceOMAB Object Management Architecture BoardOMAN Optical Metropolitan Area NetworkOmanTel Oman Telecommunications Company (operator)OMAP 1. Open Multimedia Applications Protocol (Texas

Instruments)2. Operations and Maintenance Applications Part

OMAT Operational Measurement and Analysis ToolOMC Operations and Maintenance CenterOMC-Env Operations and Maintenance Center for EnvironmentOMC-IN Operations and Maintenance Center for Intelligent

NetworkOMC-M Operations and Maintenance Center for MobileOMC-Misc Operations and Maintenance Center for

Miscellaneous purposesOMC-R Operations and Maintenance Center for RadioOMC-S Operations and Maintenance Center for SwitchingOMC-T Operations and Maintenance Center for TransmissionOMC-WAN Operations and Maintenance Center for Wide Area

NetworkOMF Open Model ForumOMG Object Management Group (U.S. software standards)OMI Open Microprocessor Initiative (European)OMJ Ortho-Mode JunctionOML Operations and Maintenance Link (GSM)OMP Optimized Multipath (routing service)OMR Optical Mark Recognition (scanners)OMS Operations and Maintenance StationOMT Orthogonal-Mode TransducerOMUX Output MultiplexerONA Open Network Architecture (Bell packet networks)ONAC Operations Network Administration CenterONAL Off-Network Access LineONC Open Network ComputingONI 1. Optical Network Interface

2. Operator Number IdentificationONMS Open Network Management SystemONP Open Network Provision



ONPT Office Nationale des Postes des Telecommunications(Morocco)

ONT 1. Open Network Terminal2. Optical Network Tester3. Office National de Telediffusion (Morocco)

ONTC Open Networks Technology ConsortiumONU Optical Network UnitOO Object-OrientedOOCM Object-Oriented Call ModelOODB Object-Oriented Data-BaseOOF 1. Out-Of-Frame (transmission)

2. Out-Of-FranchiseOOK On–Off Keying (modulation)OOO 1. Optical-to-Optical-to-Optical regeneration

2. Optical-Oriented Operation (TMN)OOP Object-Oriented ProgrammingOOPS Open Outsourcing Policy Services (IETF)OOR Out Of RegionOORE Operations Order ReviewOOS Out Of ServiceOOT Object-Oriented Technology (software)OP operator (Morse code transmissions)opamp operational amplifierOPAC 1. Outside Plant Access Cabinet

2. Online Public Access Catalog (ICT)OPB Optical Power BudgetOPBO Output Power Back-OffOPC 1. Originating Point Code (SS7)

2. On-Premises Cabling3. Optical Phase Conjugator

opcode operation codeopcom optical communicationOPDAR Optical radarOpenGL Open Graphics Language (Silicon Graphics)Opeval Operational evaluationOpex Operations expendituresOPGW Optical Ground WireOPIP Output Power Intercept Point (microwave)OPL Optical Path LengthOPLL Optical Phase-Locked Loopopm operations per minuteOP MODEL Operations ModelOPP Object Push Profile (Bluetooth)OPPV Order-ahead Pay Per View (pay TV)


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Ops operationsOPS 1. Off-Premises Station

2. Open Profiling Standard3. Optical Sensor4. Operator Services

OPSEC Operational SecurityOPSEC-A Operational Security AssessmentOPSEC-S Operational Security SurveyOpt optionalOPSK Octal PSK (modulation)OPTIS Overlapped Phase Trellis-code Interlocked SpectrumOptisolator optically coupled isolatorOPW On-Premises WiringOPX Off-Premises Extension (PBX adapter)OQPSK Offset Quadrature PSK (modulation)OR 1. Off-Route (aeronautical mobile service)

2. Ocean Region3. Operations Research4. Optical Repeater5. Outage Ratio

ORB 1. Object Request Broker (CORBA interface)2. Office Repeater Bay

ORBCOMM Orbital Communications Corporation (company)ORDIG Open Regional Dialog on Internet GovernanceORM Optically Remote Module (AT&T)ORPTR Optical RepeaterORR Ocean Region Registration signalORS Omni-directional Range StationORSA Operations Research and Systems AnalysisORU Orbital Replacement Unit (remote sensing)OS 1. Operating System (computer)

2. Operator Services (telephony)3. Optical Section

OS/2 Operating System version 2 (IBM)OSA 1. Open System Architecture

2. Optical Spectrum Analyzer3. Optical Society of America

OSC 1. oscillator2. Out-band Signaling Channel3. Optical Supervisory Channel

OSCAR Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur RadioOSD On-Screen DisplayOSDM 1. Optical Spatial-Division Multiplexing

2. Optical Space-Division Multiplexing



OSF 1. Open Software Foundation2. Operation Support Function

OSF1 Open Software Foundation version 1OSI Open Systems Interconnection (network architecture

model)OSI-TP Open Systems Interconnection-Transport ProtocolOSI-RM Open Systems Interconnection-ReferenceModel (ISO)OSI-SD Open Systems Interconnection-Service DefinitionOSI-SM Open Systems Interconnection-System ManagementOSIE Open Systems Interconnection-Environment (ISO)OSINet OSI Test NetworkOSJ Optical Society of JapanOSMINE Operations SystemsModifications for the Integration of

Network ElementsOSN Open Systems NetworkingOSNS Open Systems Network SupportOSP Operator Service ProviderOSPF Open Shortest Path First (routing protocol)OSPFIGP Open Shortest Path First Internet Gateway ProtocolOSPR Optical Shared Protection RingOSPS Operator Services Position System (AT&T)OSR 1. Optical Solar Reflector

2. Over Sampling Ratio (ADC)OSRI Originating Station Routing IndicatorOSS 1. Operations Support Systems (TMN)

2. Operations Sub-Systems (GSM)3. Operational Service State

OSS7 Operator Services Signaling System Number 7OSSI Operations Support System InterfaceOSSN Originating Station Serial NumberOSSP Object Serialization Stream ProtocolOST Office of Science and TechnologyOSTA Optical Storage Technology Association (U.S.A.)OSTP Office of Science and Technology PolicyOSW Out-band Service WordOT 1. Office of Telecommunications

2. Orascom Telecom (operator)OTA 1. Office of Technology Assessment (U.S.A.)

2. Orascom Telecom of Algeria3. Over-The-Air activation of services

OTAM Over-The-Air Management (HF network nodes)OTAR Over-The-Air RekeyingOTASP Over-The-Air Service ProvisioningOTC Operating Telephone Company


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OTDOA Observed Time Difference of Arrival (GSM)OTDR Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (test equipment)OTF Optimum Transmission FrequencyOTGR Operations Technology Generic RequirementsOTH Over-The-Horizon (microwave)OTIA Office of Telecommunications and Information

ApplicationsOTM Optical Translation MeasurementOTN 1. Optical Transport Network

2. Omam TradeNetOTO One-Time-Only (memory)OTP 1. Office of Telecommunications Policy

2. Open Trading Protocol3. One Time Programmable (memories)

OTQ Outgoing Trunk QueuingOTS 1. Operations Technical Support

2. Off-The-ShelfOUI Organizationally Unique Identifier (Ethernet)Outbox Outgoing mails box (e-mail)OutWATS Outward Wide-Area Telephone ServiceOVD 1. Optical Video Disk

2. Outside Vapor Deposition process (optical fibers)OVP Over-Voltage Protection (power)OVPO Outside Vapor Phase Oxidation process (optical fibers)OVS Open Video SystemOVSF Orthogonal Variable Spreading FactorOVTG Optical Virtual Tributary Group (SONET)OW Order-Wire (signaling circuit)OWM Order-Wire MessageOWS 1. Operator Work station

2. Optical Wavelength SwitchOWT Operator Work TimeOXC Optical Cross-Connect



P p

p Symbol for prefixpico-, denoting one-trillionth or 10K12

P 1. Symbol for prefix peta-, denoting 250 or 1015

2. Symbol for prefix pseudo-, denoting false ordeceptive3. Symbol for electrical permeance (electronics)4. Symbol for power5. Symbol for pound (unit of weight)6. Symbol for positive (semiconductors)7. Symbol for primary winding (circuit diagrams)8. Symbol for plate (anode of electron tubes)

P-band Radar Frequency band ranging from 0.22 to 0.39 GHz(SAR)

P-channel Packet-mode channelP-Code 1. Protected Code

2. Precise Code3. Pseudo-Code

P-Frame Predictive FrameP-MAC Packet Media Access ControlP-machine Pseudo-machineP-MOS P-channel MOS (semiconductors)P-P Peak-to-Peak (alternating quantity)P-picture Predictive-coded pictureP-rating Performance rating

AU5866—CHAPTER P—P—12/7/2007—11:13—VELU—274418—XML MODEL E – pp. 247–268

P

247

P region Positive region or holes (semiconductors)P-TMSI Packet-Temporary Mobile Subscriber IdentityP/A Peak-to-Average (ratio)P/E Ratio Price-to-Earnings RatioP/P Point-to-PointP/S Parallel-to-Serial (converter)P1dB Power at one dB gain compressionP1dBin P1dB referenced to the inputP1dBout P1dB referenced to the outputP2P 1. Peer-to-Peer (networking)

2. Point-to-Point (networking)3. Person-to-Person communication

P2MP Point-to-Multipoint (networking)P2T Push-to-TalkP3P Platform for Privacy Preferences ProjectP4 Photolithographic Pattern Plated ProbeP5 586 Pentium Microprocessor (Intel)P54C Official part number for Pentium processor (Intel)P55C Official part number for Pentium processor with MMX

(Intel)P6 Pentium Pro Processor (Intel)pA picoampere (electronics)Pa Symbol for Pascal unit (1 PaZ1 N/m2)PA 1. Pre-Assigned (access)

2. Preamble (FDDI)3. Power Amplifier (electronics)4. Pooling Administrator

PA-RISC Precision Architecture-Reduced Instruction SetComputing (Hewlett-Packard)

PA system Public Address systemPAA Phased-Array Antenna (microwave)PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange (switching)PAC 1. Platform Azimuth Control

2. Perceptual Audio CoderPAC-E Pacific ocean region East (Inmarsat)PACA 1. Priority Access and Channel Assignment

2. Pacific and Asian Communication Association3. Picture Agency Council of America

PACS Personal Access Communications System (U.S. versionof PHS)

PACT 1. Public Access Cordless Telephony2. PBX And Computer Testing (Siemens)3. Personal Air Communications Technology



PACVD Plasma Activated Chemical Vapor Deposition (opticalfibers)

PACX Private Automatic Computer ExchangePAD 1. Packet Assembler/Disassembler (X.25)

2. Personal Authentication Device3. Program Associated Data (broadcasting)4. Programmable Address Decoder

PAE Power-Added EfficiencyPAG Procedures Advisory GroupPAGEOS Passive Geodetic Earth-Orbiting Satellite (NASA)PagP Port aggregation Protocol (LANs)PAIS Path Alarm Indication SignalPakTel Pakistan Telecommunications company LtdPAL 1. Phase Alternation by Line (TV broadcast format)

2. Public Access Line3. Paradox Application Language (programming)4. Programmable Array Logic (digital electronics)5. Proprietary Algorithm

PAL-M PhaseAlternation by Line-Modified version (TV format)PALC Plasma-Addressed Liquid Crystal (display)PALI Pseudo-Automatic Location IdentificationPALR Precision Approach and Landing Radar (aviation)PALSAR Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture RadarPalTel Palestine Telecommunications CompanyPAM 1. Pulse-Amplitude Modulation

2. Payload Assist Module (Intelsat)3. Port Adapter Module (Cisco)

PAM/FM Pulse-Amplitude Modulation on Frequency-Modulation

PAMA 1. Pre-Assigned Multiple Access (satcom)2. Pulse Address Multiple Access (satcom)

PAMR Public Access Mobile Radio (service)PAMS Perceptual Analysis Measurement SystemPAN 1. Personal-Area Network

2. Public Access NetworkPanamsat Pan-American SatellitePANI Pseudo-Automatic Number IdentificationPANS Pretty Amazing New ServicePAP 1. Public Access Provider (Internet)

2. Public Access Profile (DECT)3. Plug-And-Play (computer hardware)4. Pre-assignment Access Plan5. Password Authentication Protocol6. Printer Access Protocol (AppleTalk)


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PAR 1. Positive Acknowledgement plus Retransmission2. Precision Approach Radar3. Packet-to-Average Ratio4. Performance Analysis and Review

paramp parametric amplifierPARC Palo Alto Research Center (Xerox)PARD Periodic And Random Deviation (power)PARs Purchase of Accounts ReceivablesPARS Playback And Recording SystemParsTel Pars Telephone company (Iran)PAS 1. Public Address System

2. Personal Accountability System3. Priority Access Service4. Private Aircraft Station5. Profile Alignment System

PASC Perceptual Audio Sub-band CodingPASL Primary Area Switch LocatorPAT 1. Port Address Translation (LANs)

2. Program Association TablePATU Pan-African Telecommunication UnionPAX Private Automatic ExchangePayphone Pay Telephone systemPb Petabit, equal to 1015 or 250 bits (transmission)Pbps Petabits per secondPB 1. Petabyte, which is 250 or 1024 times terabytes

(computer)2. Plesiochronous Buffer3. Primary Body (orbits)

PBA 1. Personalized Basic Service2. Printed Board Assembly

PBC Polarization Beam Combiner (laser)PBER Pseudo-Bit Error RatioPBGA Plastic Ball-Grid Array (microchips)PBGAM Plastic Ball-Grid Array Multilayer (microchips)PBN Packet Backbone NetworkPBNM Policy-Based Network ManagementPBO Polymorphic Buffer Overflow (Internet)PBP Packet Burst Protocol (networking)PBS 1. Personal Base Station (PCS)

2. Public Broadcasting Service3. Polarization Beam Splitter

PBT 1. Push-Button Telephone2. Polybutylene Terephthalate (optical fibers)



PBX Private Branch Exchange (switching equipment)pC pico-Coulomb (electronics)PC Carrier Power (transmission)PC 1. Personal Computer (IBM)

2. Personal Communications3. Programmable Controller4. Power Control5. Protocol Control6. Printed Circuit7. Primary Center (switching)8. Primary Channel9. Project Coordinator (AT&T)

PC-AT Personal Computer AT (IBM)PC-QFP Printed-Circuit Quad Flat Pack (microchips)PC-XT Personal Computer XT (IBM)PCA 1. Point of Closest Approach (satcom)

2. Protective Connecting Arrangement3. Protective Coupling Arrangement4. Protection Channel Access5. Premises Cabling Association

PCAS Personal Communications Access System (cellular)PCB 1. Printed Circuit Board (electronics)

2. Power Control Box3. Power Circuit Breaker4. Process Control Block5. Protocol Control Block

PCC 1. Product Control Center2. Personal Companion Computer3. Prepaid Calling Card (INs)4. Plastic Chip Carrier

PCCA Portable Computer and Communications Association(U.S.A.)

PCCH Physical Control Channel.pcd Name extension for kodak Photo CD format files

(graphics)PCD Personal Communications DevicePCF 1. Physical Control Field (LANs)

2. Print Coordination FunctionPCH Paging Channel (GSM)PCI 1. Peripheral Component Interconnect (computer bus)

2. Peripheral Component Interface (computer bus)3. Protocol Control Information (OSI model)4. Pre-connection Inspection5. Paya Communication Industries (Iran)


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PCI SIG PCI Special Interest GroupPCI-X Peripheral Component Interconnect-Extended

(computer)PCIA Personal Communications Industry Association (U.S.

standards)PCL 1. Printer Control Language (Hewlett-Packard)

2. Product Computer-module LoadPCLEC Packet Competitive Local Exchange CarrierPCM 1. Pulse-Code Modulation

2. Phase Conjugation Mirror3. Process Control Monitor

PCM-IM Pulse-Code Modulation—Intensity-ModulationPCM/FM Pulse-Code Modulation on Frequency-ModulationPCM-30 2.048 Mbps T-1 (E-1)PCMC PCM ControllerPCMCIA Personal Computer Memory-Card International

AssociationPCMDI PCM Drop InsertPCMIA Personal Computer Manufacturer Interface AdapterPCN Personal Communications NetworkPCO 1. Public Call Office

2. Point of Control and Observation3. Private Cable Operator

PCOM Private CommunicationsPCP 1. Predictor Compression Protocol

2. Private Carrier Paging3. Post Call Processing

PCR 1. Peak Cell Rate (ATM)2. Program Clock Reference (TV broadcast)3. Phase Change Rewritable (memory)4. Processor Configuration Register

PCRA Proportional Control Rate Algorithm (ATM)PCs Personal ComputersPCS Personal Communications System (wireless and

cellular)PCS-1900 Personal Communications Systems operating at

1900 MHzPCSA Personal Computing System ArchitecturePCSC Palestine Commercial Services CompanyPCSN Private Circuit Switching NetworkPCSR Parallel Channel Signaling Rate.pct Name extension for macintosh PICT format files

(graphics)



PCT 1. Personal Communications Technology2. Portable Control Terminal (Mux tester)3. Program Comprehension Tool (software)

PCTA Personal Computer Terminal Adapter (ISDN)PCTE Portable Common Tool EnvironmentPCTS Public Cordless Telephone Service (Canada)PCU 1. Packet Control Unit (GPRS)

2. Peripheral Control UnitPCWG Personal Conferencing Work Group.pcx Name extension for PC Paintbrush image files

(graphics)PD 1. Phase Detector

2. Photo-Detector3. Photo-Diode4. Pulsed Doppler (radar)5. Pre-Distortion6. Protocol Discriminator (GSM)7. Product Distributor (Inmarsat)

PD-channel Packet-mode Data channelPDA Personal Digital AssistantPDAIA PDA Industry Association (U.S. standards organi-

zation)PDAS Product Document Archiving SystemPDAU Physical Delivery Access UnitPDBM Pulse-Delay Binary ModulationPDC 1. Personal Digital Cellular system (Japan)

2. Personal Digital Cellular (standard)3. Personal Digital Communications4. Program Delivery Control (broadcasting)5. Primary Domain Controller (Windows NT)

PDC-P Personal Digital Cellular-Packet technologyPDCH Physical Data ChannelPDD 1. Post Dial Delay (phone calls)

2. Portable Digital Document (graphic file)PDE Product Document ExchangePDEF Physical Design Exchange Format.pdf Name extension for PDF format Adobe files

(computer)PDF 1. Portable Document Format (files format)

2. Pulse Duty Factor (parameter)3. Probability Distribution Function4. Power Distribution Frame

PDG Program Data Generator (TV broadcast)PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (MUX)


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PDI 1. Picture Description Instructions2. Personal Data Interchange (format)3. Perspective Dark-field Imaging (semiconductorwafer)

PDIAL Public-access Dial-up (Internet)PDIF P-CAD Data Interchange FormatPDIP Plastic Dual Inline Package (microchips)PDL 1. Page-Description Language (programming)

2. Positioning Data LinkPDLC Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal (display)PDM 1. Pulse-Duration Modulation

2. Plain-Dress Message3. Personal Data Module4. Product Data Management

PDM/FM Pulse-Duration Modulation on Frequency-ModulationPDM/PM Pulse-Duration Modulation on Pulse-ModulationPDN 1. Packet Data Network

2. Public Data Network3. Premises Distribution Network4. Primary Directory Number (ISDN)

PDO 1. Packet Data Optimization2. Portable Distributable Objects (computer)

PDP 1. Power Distribution Panel2. Public Dispersion Parameter (optical fibers)3. Plasma Display Panel (television set)4. Programmed Data Processor (Digital EquipmentCorporation)5. Packet Data Protocol (GPRS)

PDPS Photographic Data Processing SystemPDR Preliminary Design ReviewPDS 1. Premises Distribution System (Lucent Technologies)

2. Primary Distribution System3. Power Distribution System4. Program Data Source5. Protected Distribution System (U.S. federal govern-ment)6. Payload Data Segment (satcom)7. Processor Direct Slot (Macintosh)8. Parallel Data Structure (computer)

PDT 1. Position Determination Technology2. Programmable Data Terminal3. Prototype Debug Tool (Tektronics)

PDTS Public Data Transmission Service



PDU Protocol Data Unit (OSI model)PDUS Primary Data User StationPDV Path Delay ValuePE 1. Peripheral Equipment

2. Phase-Encoded (recording)3. Processing Element4. Protocol Emulator5. Polyethylene (cable)

PEAP Protected Extensible Authentication ProtocolPEB PCM Expansion BusPEBB Power Electronic Building BlockPEC 1. Photo-Electric Cell (electronics)

2. Perfect Electrical ConductorPECC Partially Error-Controlled ConnectionsPECL Positive Emitter-Coupled Logic (digital electronics)PECVD Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor DepositionPED 1. pedestal (antenna)

2. Phase Error DetectorPEDC Pan European Digital Communications (GSM)PEEC Partial Element Equivalent CircuitPEEK Partners Early Experience Kit (Taligent)PEG Public Educational or Government access (cable TV)PEG Ratio Price to Earning Growth RatioPEL Picture Element (pixel)PEM 1. Privacy Enhanced Mail (Internet)

2. Peripheral Equipment ModulePEP 1. Packet Error Probability

2. Packet Ensemble Protocol3. Packet Exchange Protocol4. Payment Extension Protocol5. Peak Envelope Power (electronics)6. Policy Enforcement Point7. Primary Entry Point8. Partitioned Emulation Programming (IBM)

PEPCI Protocol for Exchange of Policy Information (IETF)PER 1. Packet Error Rate

2. Packet Encoding RulesPerl Practical Extraction and Report Language (program-

ming)PERT Project Evaluation and Review Technique (ICT)PES 1. Personal Earth Station

2. Packetized Elementary Stream (MPEG)3. Packet over Ethernet over SONET4. Program Elementary Stream


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PESIS Photo Electron Spectroscopy of Inner-Shell electronsPESOS Photo Electron Spectroscopy of Outer-Shell electronsPESQ Perceptual Evaluation of Speech QualityPET 1. Portable Earth Terminal

2. Positron-Emission Tomography (medicine)PEW Packet over Ethernet over WDMpF picofarad (electronics)PF 1. Presentation Function (TMN)

2. Packing Fraction (fiber optics)3. PBX Function4. Power Factor (electronics)

PF Xfer Power Failure Transfer (electronics)PFC Power Factor Correction (PC power supply)PFD 1. Power Flux-Density

2. Phase/Frequency DiscriminatorPFM 1. Pulse-Frequency Modulation

2. Proto-Flight ModelPFN Pulse-Forming NetworkPFOC Pending the Firm Order CommitmentPG 1. Pre-Group (MUX)

2. Power GainPGA 1. Pin-Grid Array (microchips)

2. Programmable Gain Amplifier3. Professional Graphics Adapter (IBM)

PGBM Pulse-Gated Binary ModulationPGD Professional Graphics Display (IBM)PgDn Page Down key (PC keyboard)PGI Parameter Group Identifier (ISO)PGL Peer Group LeaderPGM Pragmatic General Multicast (Cisco)PGP Pretty Good Privacy (encryption software)PGP fone PGP Telephone ProtocolPgUp Page Up key (PC keyboard)PGS Primary Guard StationPG Telecom Payam Gostar Telecom Company (Iran)ph phot (unit of illumination)pH picohenry (electronics)PH Packet Handler (ISDN)PHB Per-Hop-BehaviorPHEMT Pseudomorphic High-Electron Mobility Transistor

(semiconductors)PHF Packet Handling FunctionPHI PBX-to-Host InterfacePHILCOM Philippine Global Communications Inc.



phone 1. telephone2. headphone

PHOTINT Photographic Intelligencephotocell photoelectric cellphototube photoelectric tubePHP Personal Handy-Phone (Japan)PHS Personal Handyphone System (Japan)PHY Physical layer (OSI model)PHz Petahertz (1015 Hertz)pi filter p-shaped filterPI 1. Presentation Indicator

2. Parameter Identifier (ISO)3. Protection Interval

PIA 1. Personal Information Appliance2. Peripheral Interface Adapter

PIAFS PHS Internet Access Forum Standard (Japan)PIC 1. Primary Interexchange Carrier

2. Photonic Integrated Circuit3. Plastic Insulated Conductor4. Picture Image Compression (graphics)5. Personal Intelligent Communicator6. Programmable Interrupt Controller (computer)7. Program Integration Control (TV broadcast)8. Programmable Integrated Circuit (ICs)

PICC Primary Interexchange Carrier ChargePICH Pilot ChannelPICMG PCI Industrial ComputerManufacturers Group (U.S.A.)PICS 1. Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement

2. Plug-in Inventory Control System3. Product Inventory Control System4. Platform for Internet Content Selection

.pict Name extension for PICT format image files(computer)

PICT Picture FormatPID 1. Protocol Identifier

2. Packet IdentifierPIDB Peripheral Interface Data Bus (AT&T)PIE Personal Interactive ElectronicsPIECE Productivity, Information, Education, Creativity,

EntertainmentPIF 1. Personal Communications Services Industry Forum

2. Public Inspection File3. Program Information File (MS Windows)

PILC Performance Implication of Link Characteristics


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PILOT Programmed Inquiry, Learning Or Teaching(e-learning)

PIM 1. Passive Intermodulation2. Personal Information Manager (software)3. Personal Information Management4. Plug-in ISDN Module5. Protocol-Independent Multicast (IETF)6. Presence and Instant Messaging

PiMF Parts in Metal FoilPIMP Passive Inter-Modulation ProductPIMS Program Information Management System (TV

broadcast)PIN 1. Personal Identification Number (GSM)

2. Positive-doped/Intrinsic/Negative-doped diode(semiconductors)3. Public Infrastructure Network4. Procedure Interrupt Negative (fax machine)5. PN junction with Isolated region (sold state)

PIN(BB) PIN used on the Base-Band Level (bluetooth)PIN-FET PIN (diode) Field Effect Transistor (semiconductors)PIN(UI) PIN used on the User Interface Level (bluetooth)PIND Particle Impact Noise DetectionPING 1. Packet Internet Gopher (software utility)

2. Process-Improvement Networking GroupPINT PSTN and Internet InterworkingPINX Private Integrated Network ExchangePIO Programmed Input/Output (hard drives)PIP Procedural Interface ProtocolPIRS Positioning Inertial Reference SystemPISD Planned In-Service DataPIP 1. Picture In Picture

2. Path Independent Protocol.pit Name extension for PackIT files (computer)PIU Path Information UnitPIV Peak Inverse Voltage (electronics)PIX Private Internet Exchange (Cisco)Pixel Picture elementPIXIT Protocol Implementation extra Information for TestingpJ picojoule (physics)PJ/NF Projection-Join Normal FormPJCM Pointer Justification Count Minus (MUX)PJCP Pointer Justification Count Plus (MUX)PJE Pointer Justification Event (MUX)PJS Pointer Justification Seconds (MUX)



PKCS Public-Key Cryptography StandardsPKE Public-Key EncryptionPKES Public-Key Encryption SystemPKI Public-Key Infrastructure (ICT)PKM Perigee Kick Motor (satellite)PKZIP PKWARE, Inc.’s ZIP (data compression)PL 1. Private Line

2. Programming LanguagePL/1 Programming Language 1 (IBM)PL/M 1. Programming Language for Microcomputers

2. Programming Language for MicroprocessorsPLA Programmable Logic Array (digital electronics)PLAR Private Line Automatic RingdownPLB Personal Locator Beacon (COMSAR)PLC 1. Programmable Logic Controller

2. Power Line Carrier3. Problem Logging Control4. Planar Lightwave Circuit

PLCC Plastic Leaded-Chip Carrier method (chip mounting)PLCP Physical-Layer Convergence Procedure (networking)PLD 1. Programmable Logic Device (digital electronics)

2. Phase Lock Detector3. Pulsed Laser Deposition

PLDT Philippine Long-Distance TelephonePLF Polarization Loss Factor (microwave)PLI Programmable Language InterfacePLL Phase-Locked Loop (electronics)PLLC Professional Limited Liability CorporationPLLN Public Leased Lines NetworkPLM 1. Public Land Mobile (network)

2. Pulse-Length Modulation3. Power-Line Modulation4. Perfectly Matched Layer

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network (cellular networks)PLMR Private Land Mobile RadioPLN Private Line NetworkPLO Phase-Locked OscillatorPLP 1. Packet Layer Protocol

2. Packet Loss Probability3. Packet Level Procedure (X.25)

PLR Pulse Link Repeater (signaling)PLS 1. Physical Layer Signaling (network architecture)

2. Premises Lightwave System (fiber optic)3. Programmable Logic Sequencer (digital electronics)


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PLSC Private Line Service CenterPLT Power Line TelephonyPLTS Private Line Transport ServicePLU Percent Local UsagePM 1. Phase Modulation

2. Pulse Modulation3. Processor Module4. Packet Mode5. Polarization Maintaining (optical fiber)6. Preventive Maintenance7. Performance Monitoring (MUX)8. Permanent Magnet9. Presentation Manager (IBM)10. Physical Medium sublayer (ATM)

PMA 1. Prompt Maintenance Alarm2. Physical Medium Attachment

PMARS Police Mutual Aid Radio SystemPMB Pilot Make-Busy (circuit)PMBS Packet Mode Bearer ServicePMC 1. Public Mobile Carrier

2. Perfect Magnetic ConductorPMCM Plastic Multichip ModulePMD 1. Physical Medium Dependent (protocol sublayer)

2. Polarization Mode Dispersion (fiber optics)PMI 1. Project Management Institute

2. Property Management InterfacePMMU Paged Memory Management Unit (PC chip)PMOS P-channel MOS (semiconductors)PMP 1. Point-to-Multipoint (radio system)

2. Project Management ProfessionalPMR 1. Private Mobile Radio

2. Poor Man’s Routing (packet switching)3. Professional Mobile Radio

PMRS Private Mobile Radio SystemPMS 1. Pantone Matching System (programming language)

2. Picturephone Meeting Service (AT&T)3. Property Management System (software)

PMT 1. Photo Multiplier Tube2. Photo Mechanical Transfer3. Personal Mobile Telecommunications4. Program Map Table (TV broadcast)

PMU Parametric Measurement UnitPN 1. Personal Number

2. Positive-Negative Junction (semiconductors)



PNC Police National ComputerPNdB Perceived Noise level in dBPNF 1. Portable Network Frame

2. Planar Near-Field (range).png Name extension for PNG format files (graphics)PNG Portable Network Graphics (file format)PNI Permit Next Increase (ATM)PNM Public Network ManagementPNN Probabilistic Neural NetworkPNNI Private Network-to-Network Interface (ATM)PNO Public Network OperatorPnP Plug and Play (computer standard)PNP 1. Positive-Negative-Positive (semiconductors)

2. Permanent Number PortabilityPNPN Positive-Negative-Positive-Negative junction (semi-

conductors)PNS Personal Number ServicePNT Private Network TerminationPO Point of OriginPoC Push-to-talk over CellularPOC Point Of ContactPOCSAG Post Office Code Standardization Advisory Group

(protocol)POD 1. Piece Of Data

2. Processing Of Data3. Point Of Deployment (cable TV)4. Personal Operable Device

PODA Priority Oriented Demand AssignmentPODP Public Office Dialing PlanPOEM Polar-Orbit Earth Observing Mission (remote sensing)POF Plastic Optical FiberPOFS Private Operational Fixed Service (microwave)POGO Post Office Goes ObsoletePOH 1. Path Overhead (MUX)

2. Power-On Hours (production rating)POI 1. Point Of Interconnection

2. Point Of Interface (LATA)3. Parallel Optic Interfaces

POL 1. polarizer2. polarization

POLDER Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’sReflectance

POLSK Polarization Shift Keying (modulation)PON Passive Optical Network


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PoP Point of Presence (networking)POP Post Office Protocol (e-mail)POP3 Post Office Protocol version 3 (e-mail)POPS Post Office Protocol-SecurePOR Pacific Ocean Region (Inmarsat)PoS Packet over SONETPOS 1. Pacific Ocean Satellite

2. Point Of Service3. Point Of Sale (electronic transactions)4. Personal Operating Space (IEEE)

POS-PHY Packet Over SONET-Physical layerPOSI Promoting Conference for OSI (Japan)POSIT Profiles forOpen Systems Internetworking TechnologyPositron Positive electronPOSIX Portable Operating System Interface for Unix

environmentPOST Power-On Self-Test (computers)Pot Potentiometer (electronics)POT 1. Plain Old Telephony (service)

2. Point Of Termination3. Point Of Train (transmission)

POTS Plain Old Telephone ServicePOTS-C Plain Old Telephone Service-Centralized (ADSL)POTS-R Plain Old Telephone Service-Remote (ADSL)POTV Plain Old TV (Microsoft)POV Peak Operating Voltage (electronics)Power Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISK

(processor)Power PC Performance OptimizedWith Enhanced RISK Personal

ComputerPP 1. Portable Part

2. Pointer Processor3. Polarization-Preserving (optical fiber)

PPA Production Photographic AreaPPARC Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (UK)PPBM Pulse-Polarization Binary ModulationPPCP PowerPC PlatformPPD 1. Partial Packet Discard (ATM)

2. Pay Per Download (software download)PPDN Public Packet Data NetworkPPDR Public Protection and Disaster Relief (service)PPDU PLCP protocol data unitPPG Pulse Pattern GeneratorPPGA Plastic Pin-Grid Array (microchips)



ppi pixels per inch (displays)PPI 1. Plan Position Indicator (radar)

2. PDH Physical InterfacePPL Pioneer Preference Licensees (wireless)ppm pages per minute (printers)PPM 1. Pulse-Position Modulation

2. Pulse-Phase Modulation3. Pulse Per Minute (parameter)4. Parts Per Million (data errors)5. Periodic Permanent Magnet6. Pseudo-Permanent Magnet7. Periodic Pulse Metering

PPN Processor Port NetworkPPO Peak Power OutputPPP 1. Point-to-Point Protocol

2. Phased Project PlanningPPP/MP Point-to-Point Protocol/Multilink ProtocolPPPI Precision Plan-Position IndicatorPPPoA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM (DSL)PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (DSL)pps 1. packets per second

2. pulses per secondPPS 1. Path Protection Switch

2. Precise Positioning Service (GPS)3. Peripheral Power Supply4. Permanent Presentation Status

PPSN Public Packet-Switched Network (frame relay)PPSR Path Protection Switched Ring (MUX)PPSS 1. Public Packet-Switched Service (frame relay)

2. Positron Public Safety Systems (U.S.A.)PPT Precision Pad TechnologyPPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (VPNs)PPV Pay-Per-View (TV broadcasting)PQA 1. Path Quality Analysis

2. Palm Query Application (PDAs)PQFP Plastic Quad-leaded Flat Pack (microchips)PQSCADA Power Quality SCADA (remote control)PR 1. Precipitation Radar

2. Pulse Rate3. Pseudo-Range (microwave)4. Performance Rating (processing power)5. Pattern Recognition

PRA Primary Rate Access (ISDN)PRACH Physical Random Access Channel


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PRAM Programmable RAM (memory)PRB 1. Primary Reference Burst

2. Private Radio BureauPRBA Portable Rechargeable Battery AssociationPRBS Pseudo-Random Bit-Sequence (data encoding pattern)PRC 1. Protection, Restoration, Combination

2. Primary Reference Clock (networking)PRD Preamble DetectorPreamp Pre-amplifier (electronics)Pre-emph Pre-emphasis (frequency modulation)Prefs preferencesPREP PowerPC Reference Platform (specification)PREST Center for Policy Research in Engineering, Science and

Technology. U.K. groupPRF Pulse Repetition Frequency (radar)PRG Preamble GeneratorPRI 1. Primary Rate Interface (ISDN)

2. Primary Rate ISDN (service)3. Public Radio International

PRI-EOP Procedure Interrupt-End Of Page (fax machine)PRI-MPS Procedure Interrupt-Multipage Signal (fax machine)PRIDE Police Regionalized Information and Data Entry

(Canada)PRISM Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo

MappingPRK Phase-Reversal Keying (modulation)PRM Pulse-Rate ModulationPRMA Packet Reservation Multiple AccessPRMD Private Management Domain (X.400)PRML Partial-Response Maximum-Likelihood (disk storage)PRN 1. Logical device name for Printer

2. Pseudo-Random NoisePRNG Pseudo-Random Noise Generation (bluetooth)PRO Precision RISC OrganizationPROFS Professional Office System (software)Prolog Programming logic (programming language)PROM Programmable ROM (memory)PROSIGN Procedure SignPROTEL Procedure Oriented Type Enforcing Language

(software)Protn protectionPROWORD Procedure WordPRR Pulse Repetition Rate (parameter)



PRS 1. Premium Rate Service2. Personal Radio Service3. Primary Reference Source (network clock)4. Pattern Recognition System

PRSL Primary Rate Switch LocatorPRSM Post Release Software ManagerPRT Planar Resistor TechnologyPrtSc Print Screen (PC keyboard).ps Name extension for PostScript printer files (computer)ps picosecond (10K12 second)PS 1. Power Supply

2. Paging System3. Phase Shift4. Portable Station5. Packet Switching

PS-ACR Power Sum-Attenuation-to-Crosstalk RatioPS-NEXT Power Sum-Near-End CrossTalkPS/2 Personal System/2 (IBM PCs)PSA 1. Point of Service Activation (Inmarsat)

2. Protected Service Area (FCC)3. Public Service Agreement (Inmarsat)4. Polysilicon Self-Aligned (bipolar transistor)

PSAI Processor-to-Switch Applications Interface (AT&T)PSAP Public Safety Answering PointPSB Pink-Slip Blizzard (microwave)PSC 1. Public Services Committee (IMSO)

2. Packet-Switched Capable (GMPLS)3. Public Services Commission (U.S.A.)4. Path Switching Count5. Permanent-Split Capacitor (motors)

PSCS Personal Space Communication ServicePSD 1. Power Spectral Density (carrier frequency)

2. Phase Sensitive DetectorPSDN Public-Switched Data Network

Packet-Switched Data NetworkPSDS Public-Switched Data Service (AT&T)PSDTS Public-Switched Data Transmission Service (AT&T)PSE 1. Packet Switching Exchange

2. Please (Morse code transmissions)psec picosecondPSELFEXT Power Sum Equal Level Far-End CrossTalkPSG Programmable Sound Generatorpsi pounds per square inch (telephone cables)


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PSI 1. Packet Switching Interface2. Program Specific Information (broadcasting)

PSID Private System Identifier (signaling)PSK Phase-Shift Keying (modulation)PSL Physical Signaling Sublayer (LANs and MANs)PSM 1. Phase-Shift Modulation

2. Pulse-Spacing Modulation3. Power Supply Module

PSMBS Public-Safety Mobile Broadband SpecificationsPsmc-channel Packet-mode channel for system management and

controlPSMM Pilot Strength Measurement MessagePSN 1. Packet-Switched Network

2. Packet Switching Node3. Public-Switched Network4. Processor Serial Number (Intel Pentium III)

PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT (cabling)PSO 1. Public Service Obligations

2. Ports and Shipping Organization (Iran)PSOP Plastic Small Outline Package (microchips)PSP 1. PCS Service Provider

2. Payphone Service Provider3. Purchase Service Provider4. Programmable Signal Processor5. Power Supply Production company (Iran)

PSPDN Packet-Switched Public Data NetworkPSPP Public Safety Partnership ProjectPSQM Perceptual Speech Quality MeasurePSR 1. Petabit Switch Router

2. Professional Satellite ReceiverPSRAM Pseudo-Static RAM (memory)PSRCP Public Safety Radio Communication ProjectPSRR Power Supply Rejection RatioPSS 1. Packet-Switched Service

2. Packet-switched Streaming Service3. Physical Signaling Sublayer (OSI model)

PSS1 Private Signaling System number 1PSTLXN Public-Switched Telex NetworkPSTN Public-Switched Telephone NetworkPSU 1. Power Supply Unit

2. Packet Switch UnitPSW Path SwitchPSWAC Public Safety Wireless Advisory CommitteePSWN Public Safety Wireless Network



PT 1. Payload Type (ATM)2. Personal Telecommunications3. Path Termination

PTA Programmable Tracking AntennaPTC 1. Portable Teletransaction Computers

2. Personal Telecommunications Center3. Pacific Telecommunications Council (U.S.A.)4. Positive Temperature Coefficient (thermistors)5. Public Telecoms Corporation (Yemen)

PTCE Permanent Test Control ElementPTCL Pakistan Telecoms Company LtdPTE Path Terminating Element (SONET)PTF 1. Patch and Test Facility

2. Polymer Thick-FilmPTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene (cables)PTI 1. Payload Type Indicator (ATM)

2. Power Terrestrial Interface3. Primary Terrestrial Interface

PTK Pars Telephone Kar company (Iran)PTM 1. Pulse-Time Modulation

2. Path Trace Mismatched (MUX)3. Packet Transfer Mode

PTMPT Point-To-MultipointPTN Public Telecommunications NetworkPTNX Private Telecommunications Network ExchangePTO 1. Public Telephone Operators

2. Public Telecommunications Operator3. Patent and Trademark Office (U.S.A.)

PTP Point-To-Point (microwave)PTR 1. pointer (MUX)

2. Problem Tracking ReportPTS 1. Personal Telecommunications System

2. Profile Test Specification3. Proceed To Select tone (Inmarsat)4. Presentation Time Stamp (MPEG2 encoder)

PTSE PNNI Topology State Element (ATM)PTSP PNNI Topology State Packet (ATM)PTT 1. Post, Telephone and Telegraph administrations

2. Push-To-Talk (wireless systems)PTTI precise time and time intervalPTTC Paper Tape Transmission CodePTY partyPU 1. Physical Unit (IBM SNA)

2. Power Unit


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pub short for public (directory)PUC 1. Public Utilities Commission

2. Personal Unlocking CodePUCP Physical Unit Control Point (SNA)PUK PIN Unblocking Key (GSM)PUMA Product Upgrade ManagerPUP PARC Universal PacketPUT Programmable Unijunction Transistor (semi-

conductors)pV picovolt (10K12 Volt)PV Photovoltaic (electronics)PVA Perigee Velocity Augmentation (satellite)PVC 1. Permanent Virtual Circuit (frame relay)

2. Private Virtual Circuit3. Permanent Virtual Connection4. Polyvinyl Chloride (cables)5. Premises Visit Charge

PVCC Permanent Virtual Channel Connection (ATM)PVD 1. Peak Voltage Detect

2. Physical Vapor DepositionPVDF Polyvinyl Diflouride (cables)PVDM Packet Voice Data ModulePVN Private Virtual NetworkPVPC Permanent Virtual Path Connection (ATM)PVR Personal Video RecorderPVT Performance Verification TestPvtDN Private Data NetworkpW picowatt (10K12 Watt)PWB Printed Wiring BoardPWD Print Working DirectoryPWL Pass word Listing (file)PWM Pulse-Width ModulationpWp picowatt, psophometrically weightedPWR power (electronics)PWS Power SupplyPWT 1. Personal Wireless Telecommunications

2. Personal Wireless TelephonyPX Private ExchangePXE Preboot Execution EnvironmentPXI PCI Extension for InstrumentationPXML Private Exchange Master ListPXP Packet Exchange ProtocolPZT Piezoelectric Transducer (electronics)



Q q

q 1. Symbol for quantum value2. Symbol for electric charge in coulomb

Q 1. Symbol for Quality factor (electronics)2. Queue

Q Bit Qualifier data Bit (X.25 packet switching)Q factor Quality factorQ.SIG Q Interface SignalingQ&A Question and Answer (teleconferencing)Q-band Radio frequency band ranging from 36 to 46 GHzQ-Tel Qutar Telecommunications Company (operator)QA 1. Quality Assurance (hardwares)

2. Queued Arbitrated (SMDS)QAM 1. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

2. Quaternary Amplitude Modulation3. Quadrature Asynchronous Multiplexer (Timeplex)4. Queued Access Method5. Quad Asynchronous I/O Module (Intelsat)

QAPSK Quadrature Amplitude PSK (modulation)QAS Quick Arbitrate and SelectQASK Quadrature ASK (modulation)QBE Query By Example (databases)QBF “Quick Brown Fox” (test text message)QC 1. Quality Control (of products)

2. Quantum Cascade (laser)

AU5866—CHAPTER Q—Q—12/7/2007—12:37—GANESHV—274419—XML MODEL E – pp. 269–271

Q

269

QCELP Qualcomm Codebook Excited Linear Prediction (voicecoding)

QCIF Quarter-Common Intermediate Format (videocompression)

QCPSK Quadriphase Coherent PSK (modulation)QCT Qualcomm CDMA TechnologiesQD Queuing DelayQDOS Quick and Dirty Operating System (Microsoft)QDR Quad Data RateQDU Quantizing Distortion Unit (voice quality)QE Quantum Efficiency (photomultiplier)QFA Quick File AccessQFB Quad Flat Butt-leaded package (microchips)QFC Quantum Flow Control (ATM)QFD Quality Function DeploymentQFM Quadrature Frequency ModulationQFP Quad Flat Pack (microchips)QIC Quarter Inch Cartridge (tape storage)QICC 1. Quad Integrated Communications Controller

(microchips)2. Quad International Communications Corporation

QIFM Quadrature Intermediate Frequency MixerQIP 1. Quadritek Internet Protocol (software)

2. Quad In-line Package (microchips)QJDP QIP Joint Developer ProgramQL Query Language (programming)QLLC Qualified Logical Link Control (X.25)QM 1. Quadrature Modulation

2. Qualification Model3. Quantum Mechanics4. Queue Management

QML Qualified Manufacturers List (of products)QMS Queue Management SystemQO Quartz OscillatorQO-CDMA Quasi-Orthogonal CDMA (access)QoR Query-on-Release (databases)QoS Quality of ServiceQoSR Quality of Service Routing (IETF)QPAM Quadrature Phase-Amplitude ModulationQPL 1. Qualcomm Pure-Voice Library

2. Qualified Products ListQPM Quasi-Phase-MatchedQPR Quadrature Partial ResponseQPRS Quadrature Partial Response Shift



QPSK Quadrature PSK (modulation)QPSX Queued Packet Synchronous Exchange (LANs)QR 1. Queuing Requirements

2. Quasi-RandomQRA Quick Response AlarmQRNS Quadratic Residue Number SystemQRSS 1. Quasi-Random Sequence Signal

2. Quasi-Random Signal SourceQS Quasi-SynchronousQSAM Quadrature Sideband Amplitude ModulationQSDG Quality of Service Development GroupQSIG Q-Interface Signaling (protocol)QSL Morse Question code for ‘Do you Acknowledge

Receipt of a good Signal Level of my station?’ (HamRadio)

QSLing The act of receiving QSL card of a short wave radiostation by a listener (Ham Radio)

QSLs QSL cards of a short wave radio station (Ham Radio)QSM 1. Quad Synchronous Module

2. Queued Serial ModuleQSOP Quad Small-Outline Package (microchips)QSS Quasi-Stellar Radio Source (Intelsat).qt Name extension for Quick Time files (computer)QT Qualification TestQTAG Quality Test Action GroupQTAM Queued Telecommunications Access Method (IBM)QTC Quick Time Conference (Apple Macintosh)QTCP Quad Tape Carrier Package (microchips)QTSS Quick Time Streaming ServerQTVR Quick Time Virtual RealityQuAD Quorum Associate DistributorQuad IW Quad Inside-WireQUALDIR Qualification Directive (wireless)QUICC Quad Integrated Communications ControllerQUIL Quad In-Line (microchips)QUIP Quad In-line Package (microchips)QVGA Quad Video Graphics Array (monitors standard)QW Quantum WellQWERTY Q,W,E,R,T,Y (left side, top row of letter keys on the

keyboard)QWIP Quantum Well Infrared PhotodetectorQWR Quarter-Wave RuleQZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (Japan)


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R r

r Symbol for revolutionr/m revolutions per minuter/s revolutions per secondR 1. Symbol for Resistor or Resistance (electronics)

2. Symbol for Roentgen (unit of X-rays exposure dose)R&D Research and DevelopmentR&E 1. Research and Education

2. Research and EngineeringR&O Report and OrderR&QA Reliability and Quality Assurance (Intelsat)R&S Research and StatisticsR&TTE Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment

directiveR-BGAN Regional BGAN terminal (Inmarsat)R-channel Random-access channelR/T 1. Receive and Transmit

2. Real-TimeR/W Read and Write (memories)RA 1. Real Audio

2. Return Authorization3. Rate Area4. Remote Access5. Routing Area

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RA# Return Authorization numberRA-EN Radio Amateur Emergency NetworkRA/TDMA Random-Access mode TDMA (access)RAAN Right Ascension of the Ascending Node (satcom)RAB Radio Advertising BureauRABAL Radiosonde Balloon (meteorology)RABC Radio Advisory Board of CanadaRAC 1. Radio Amateurs of Canada

2. Remote Access Concentrator3. Repeat Automated Command

RACE 1. Research in Advanced Communications in Europe2. Random-Access Computer Equipment

RACES Radio Amateur Civil Emergency ServiceRACF 1. Resource Access Control Facility

2. Radio Access Control Function (PCS)RACH Random-Access Channel (GSM)RACON Radar transponder beaconRACS 1. Remote Access Control Services

2. Remote Access Calibration Services/System3. Remote Access Computing Services/System

rad radian (unit of angle)RAD 1. Rapid Application Development (SQL databases)

2. Radiation Absorbed Dose (medicine)3. Radiance4. Random-Access Device5. Recorded Answering Device6. Remote Antenna Driver

RADA Random-Access Discrete Address (Intelsat)RADAN Radar Doppler Automatic Navigation systemradar radio detecting and rangingRADARSAT Radar Satellite (Canada)RADB Routing Arbiter DatabaseRADHAZ Radiation Hazard (electromagnetism)RADIAC Radioactivity Detection, Identification,

And ComputationRADINT Radar IntelligenceRADIR Random-Access Document Indexing and RetrievalRADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (ISPs)RADL 1. Radio Laboratory

2. Reticular Agent Definition Language (programming)RADNOS Radio fadeout (no signal) caused by Solar explosionsradome radar domeRADP Remote Access Data ProcessingRADSL Rate-Adaptive DSL (access)



RADTR radiatorRAE Rafsanjan Asre Electronic company (Iran)RAF Rate Adjustment FactorRAG Request Handling and Assignment Generation

(Intelsat)RAI Remote Alarm IndicationRAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks (data storage)RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (GPS)RAIN Redundant Array of Independent NetworksRAIS Redundant Array of Independent SystemsRAM 1. Random-Access Memory (data storage)

2. Radar-Absorbing Material (microwave)3. Remote Access Multiplexer4. Reliability, Accessibility, and Maintainability

RAMAC Random Access (IBM)RAMARK Radar MarkerRAMDAC Random-Access Memory Digital-to-Analog ConverterRAMS Random-Access Measuring SystemRAN 1. Regional Area Network

2. Recorded trunk Announcement3. Return Authorization Number (defective hardware)

RAND 1. Random number (GSM)2. Rural Area Network Design3. Reasonable And Non-Discriminatory (licensing)

RANP Regional Air Navigation Plan (aviation)RAO 1. Radio Astronomy Observatory

2. Revenue Accounting OfficeRAP 1. Remote Access Point

2. Route Access Protocol3. Radar-Absorbing Paint (microwave)

RAPCON Radar Approach ControlRAPID Reserved Alternate Path with Immediate Diversion

(frame relay)RARC Regional Administrative Radio Conference (Intelsat)RARE Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne

(France)RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (networking)RAS 1. Radio Astronomy Station

2. Remote Access Server3. Remote Access Service4. Random-Access Storage5. Registration, Admission, and Status (protocol)6. Row Address Strobe (logic signal)7. Russian Academy of Sciences


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RASC 1. Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation of NorthAmerica2. Royal Astronomy Society of Canada

raser radio amplification by stimulated emission of radiationRASSP Rapid prototyping of Application Specific Signal

ProcessorsRAT Remote Access Trojan (network computer)RATCC Radar Air Traffic Control CenterRATP Reliable Asynchronous Transfer ProtocolRATS Radio Amateur Telecommunications SocietyRATT Radio TeletypewriterRAVE Real-time Audio/Visual EnvironmentRAW Read After Write (memories)rawin 1. radar wind

2. radio windRAWOL Radar Without Line-of-sightRAX Rural Automatic ExchangeRAYDAC Raytheon Digital Automatic ComputerRAYNet Radio Amateur Emergency NetworkRB 1. Reference Burst

2. Radar Beacon3. Reverse Battery

RB1 Reference Burst 1RB2 Reference Burst 2RBB Residential Broadband (service)RBBS Remote Bulletin Board SystemRBC Radiation Boundary ConditionsRBDS Radio Broadcast Data SystemRBER Residual Bit-Error Rate (transmission)RBOC Regional Bell Operating CompanyRBR Radar Bind RangeRBS 1. Robbed-Bit Signaling

2. Radio Base Station3. Radar Bind Speed

RBT Receive Burst TimingRBV Return Beam Vidicon camera (remote sensing)RBW 1. Reverse Band Working

2. Resolution Band width (oscilloscopes)RBWG Residential Broadband Working Group (ATM)RbXO Rubidium-Crystal OscillatorRC 1. Remote Control

2. Radio Control3. Resource Controller4. Restricted Channel



5. Reference Clock6. Reflection Coefficient (fiber optics)7. Rate Center8. Resistance–Capacitance (electronic circuits)

RCA 1. Regional Calling Area (of a telephone company)2. Remote Control Access3. Radio Corporation of America cables (company)

RCAT Radio Communications Analysis TestRCC 1. Rescue Coordination Center (COMSAR)

2. Rectangular Chip Carrier3. Radio Common Carrier (cellular networks)4. Regional Commonwealth in the field ofCommunications5. Radiocommunications Consultative Council(Australia)6. Reduced Complexity Computing

RCDD Registered Communications Distribution DesignerRCEE Resource Control Execution Environment (Telcordia

Technologies)RCF 1. Radio Control Function (PCS)

2. Radio Chretiennes en France (broadcaster)3. Remote Call Forwarding (service)4. Remote Control Facility

RCG Reverberation-Controlled Gain (circuit)RCI Remote Card IdentifierRCIT Research Center Information TechnologyRCL Restrictive Cabling License (Australia)

1. recall (cellular phone)2. Runtime Control Library

RCM 1. Remote Carrier Module2. Release Complete Message3. Radar-Countermeasure (electronics)

RCP 1. Remote Copy Protocol2. Remote Copy Program (Berkeley UNIX)3. Remote Control Panel4. Radar Communication Processor5. Real-time Control Program6. Radio Control Point7. Right-Circular Polarization (antennas)

RCS 1. Revision Control System2. Remote Control System3. Radar Cross-Section4. Radio Corporation of Singapore (broadcasting)5. Radio Communications Service


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RCT 1. Remote Craft Terminal2. Reduced Carrier Transmission

RCTL Resistor–Capacitor–Transistor Logic (digitalelectronics)

RCU Remote Concentration UnitRCV receiveRCVO Receive Only (satcom)RCVR receiverrd rad (unit of absorbed radiation exposure dose)Rd-channel Random-access channel (data communication)RD 1. Routing Domain (ATM)

2. Routing Diagram3. Routing Directory4. Directional Radiobeacon5. Received Data (logic signal)6. Reflection Density (fiber optics)

RDB 1. Receive Data Buffer2. Remote Database

RDBMS Relational Database Management SystemRDBS Routing Database SystemRDC 1. Remote Digital Concentrator

2. Redirect Confirm packet (CDPD)RDCCH Reverse Digital Control Channel (cellular networks)RDF 1. Radio Direction Finder/Finding (equipment)

2. Rate Decrease Factor (ATM)RDI 1. Remote Defect Indication (ATM)

2. Restricted Digital Information3. Restricted Digital Information (ISDN)

RDIST Remote file Distribution ProgramRDM Receive Driver ModuleRDMA Remote Direct Memory AccessRDMS Relational Database Management System (ICT)RDN Radio Data NetworkRDO Remote Data Objects (Visual Basic)RDP 1. Radar Data Processing

2. Reliable Data ProtocolRDPC Remote Data Port CardRDQ Redirect Query packet (CDPD)RDR Redirect Request packet (CDPD)RDRAM Rambus Dynamic RAM (memory)RDS 1. Radio Data System

2. Radio Determination ServiceRDSI The Spanish equivalent for ISDNRDSS Radio Determination Satellite Service (ITU-T)



RDT 1. Recall Dial Tone2. Remote Digital Terminal3. Request Data Transfer (control character)4. Romanian Domestic Telephony

RE Radio ExchangeREA Rural Electrification AdministrationREAC Reeves Electronic Analog ComputerREAD Relative Element Address DesignateRec recommendation (ITU)RECAPSS Remote Cable Pair Switching SystemReCCIT Research Center for Communications and Information

TechnologyRECO Resources (people), Equipment, Circuits, and Other

(IBM)RECON ReconnaissanceRECT rectifier (electronics)RED 1. Random Early Detection (QoS)

2. Reflection Electron Diffraction (crystals)REED Restricted Edge-Emitting DiodeREG 1. Range Extender with Grain (transmission)

2. RegeneratorREGEDIT Registry EditorREGNOT Registration Notification (wireless)REJ Reject (link protocol command)REL release (message)RELP Residually Excited Linear Prediction (voice coding)RELURL Relative URLREM 1. Remote Equipment Module

2. Ring Error Monitor (LANs)3. Roentgen Equivalent Man

Remod remodulationREMOS Resources Management Online SystemREN 1. Ringer Equivalence Number (telephone set)

2. Rename the current file (MS DOS Command)REO Removable Erasable OpticalRep repeaterREP 1. Roentgen Equivalent Physical

2. Right-Elliptical Polarization (antennas)REPACCS Remote Cable-Pair Cross-Connect SystemREPROM Reprogrammable ROM (memory)REQ requestRES 1. Remote Earth Station

2. Regional Earth Station3. Residential Enhanced Service


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4. reserved (ATM)5. Radio Equipment and System

RET returnRETMA Radio-Electronics-Television Manufacturers

AssociationREV reverseREW rewindREX Routine ExerciseREXX Restructured Extended Executor (programming

language)RF 1. Radio Frequency (10 kHz to 3 MHz range)

2. Reference Frequency3. Range Finder4. Rating Factor5. Raster File

RFA 1. Radio Frequency Allotment2. Request For Action3. Receive Frame Acquisition4. Remote File Access

RFAC Restricted Forced Authorization CodeRFB Radio Frequency BoardRFBP Request For Business Plan (contracts)RFC 1. Request For Comments (Internet)

2. Required For Compliance3. Radio Frequency Choke (electronics)

RFCA Radio Frequency Channel AllotmentRFCOH Radio Frame Complementary Overhead bitRFD Request For Discussion (Internet)RFE Radio Free Europe (broadcaster)RFF 1. Radio Frequency Fingerprinting

2. Raster File FormatRFHMA Random Frequency Hopping Multiple AccessRFI 1. Request For Information (contracts)

2. Radio Frequency Interference3. Radio France Internationale (broadcaster)4. Remote Failure Indication

RFICs Radio Frequency Integrated CircuitsRFID Radio Frequency IdentificationRFMD RF Micro Devices company (China)RFMU Radio Frequency Monitoring UnitRFO Reseaux France Outre-mer (broadcaster)RFOI Radio Fiber Optic IntegrationRFP 1. Request For Proposal (contracts)

2. Radio Fixed Part (GSM)



RFQ Request For Quotation (contracts)RFS 1. Receive Frame Synchronization

2. Request For Service3. Ready For Service4. Remote File Sharing (networking)5. Radio Frequency System6. Radio Frequency Simulator7. Radio Frequency Shift (broadcasting)8. Range Finding System9. Real File Store

RFT 1. Radio Frequency Transceiver2. Receive Frame Timing

RFT DCA Revisable-Form-Text Document Content ArchitectureRFTS Remote File Transfer System

Radio Frequency Test SetRFU Radio Frequency UnitRG 1. Radio Guide

2. Ring GeneratorRGB Red–Green–Blue (TV and CRT monitors)RGO Royal Greenwich ObservatoryRGP Raster Graphics ProcessorRGS Route Guidance SystemRH 1. Request Header

2. Response HeaderRHC Regional Holding CompanyRHCP Right-Hand Circular Polarization (microwave)RHEED Reflected High-Energy Electron DiffractionRHEP Right-Hand Elliptical PolarizationRHET Resonant-tunneling Hot-Electron Transistor (semi-

conductors)Rhm Roentgen-per-hour-at-one-meterRHP Reconfigurable Hardware ProductsRHR 1. Radar Horizon Range

2. Radio Horizon RangeRI 1. Ring-Indicator (RS232)

2. Radio Interference3. routing indicator

RIA Routing Indicator AllocationRIAA Recording Industry Association of AmericaRIACS Research Institute for Advanced Computer ScienceRIAS Research Institute for Advanced StudiesRIB 1. Routing Information Base (BGP)

2. RenderMAN Interface BytestreamRIBE Reactive Ion Beam Etching


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RIC 1. Regional Information Center2. Rafsanjan Industrial Complex (Iran)

RIE Reactive Ion EtchingRIF 1. Routing Information Field (LANs)

2. Rate Increase Factor (ATM)RIFF Raster Image File FormatRII Routing Information IndicatorRILD Remote ISDN Line DrawerRIM 1. Remote Integrated Multiplexer

2. Research In MotionRIME RelayNet International Message ExchangeRIMM Rambus In-line Memory Module (Macintosh, PCs.)RIMPATT Read IMPATT (diode)RIMS Ranging and Integrity Monitoring Station (navigation)RIN Relative Intensity NoiseRIO Reusable Information ObjectRIP 1. Routing Information Protocol (networking)

2. Remote Imaging Protocol3. Raster Image Processor4. Refractive Index Profile (waveguides)

RIPE Reseaux IP Europeens (a group)RIPL Remote Intelligent Parallel Load (method)RIPscript Remote Imaging Protocol script (language

programming)RIPSO Revised Interconnection Protocol Security OptionRIR Regional Internet RegistriesRIS Retroreflector In Space (remote sensing)RISC 1. Reduced-Instruction-Set Computing (processor

chips)2. Reduced Instruction Set Chip

RISLU Remote Integrated Services Line Unit (LucentTechnologies)

RISR Remote Interrupt Service RoutineRiSU Remote indoor Service Unit (cable telephony)RIT Rate of Information TransferRITL Radio In The Loop (cable telephony)RIU Ring Interface UnitRJ Registered JackRJE Remote Job Entry (terminal)RJEP Remote Job Entry ProtocolRKA Rossiskaja Kosmitaska Agentura (Russian Space

Agency)RL 1. Return Loss

2. Radio Locator



3. Rotating Linear (antenna pattern)4. Resistor-Coil (circuit)

RLAN Radio LANRLB Remote Loop-BackRLC 1. Release Complete message

2. Resistance–Inductance–Capacitance (electroniccircuits)3. Run Length Coding4. Remote Line Concentrator

RLCE Remote Line Concentrate EquipmentRLCM Remote Line Concentrating ModuleRLCS Remote Live Call Screening (Panasonic phone)RLE 1. Run Length Encoding (data compression)

2. Research Laboratory of ElectronicsRLES Regional Land Earth Station (Inmarsat)RLG Ring Laser GyroscopeRLIN Research Libraries Information NetworkRLL 1. Run Length Limited (data encoding)

2. Radio Local LoopRLLS Radio Location Land StationRLMS Radio Location Mobile StationRLN Remote LAN NodeRLOGIN Remote Log-In applicationRLP 1. Radio Link Protocol (TIA)

2. Resource Location ProtocolRLQ Rate-Limiting QueuesRLR Receive Loudness RatingRLS 1. release button (telephone set)

2. Remote Live Screening (telephone feature)RLSD Received Line Signal DetectRLT Release Link TrunkRM 1. Resource Management (ATM)

2. Reference Model (OSI model)RMA 1. Radio Manufacturers Association

2. Random Multiple Access3. Remote Memory Access4. Returned Merchandise Authorization code5. Returned Merchandise Authorization Number

RM-Cell Resource Management Cell (ATM)RMAS Remote Memory Administration SystemRMATS Remote Maintenance And Test SystemRMCP Remote Mail Checking ProtocolRME Remote Mediation EquipmentRMF Remote Management Facility


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RMI 1. Radio Magnetic Interference2. Resource Manager Interface

RMII Reduced Media Independent InterfaceRMM Real-Mode Mapper (Windows)RMON Remote Network Monitoring (networking)RMOS Refractory Metal-Oxide SemiconductorRMP Roving Monitor Portrms root-mean-square (output power parameter)RMS Record Management SystemRMS-D1 Remote Measurement System Digital 1RMTP Reliable Multicast Transport ProtocolRMU Remote Mask UnitRMW Read-Modify-Write (software)RNA 1. Ring No Answer (modems)

2. Remote Network AccessRNC Radio Network Controller (cellular networks)RNCC Regional Network Control CenterRND Radio Network DesignRNE Railway Network ExchangeRNG Random Number GeneratorRNLS Radio Navigation Land StationRNMS Radio Navigation Mobile StationRNO Radio Network OptimizationRNP Radio Network PlanningRNR Receiver Not Ready (link protocol command)RNS Radio Navigation Satellite (ITU)RNSS Radio Navigation Satellite Service (ITU)RNX Restricted Numeric ExchangeRO 1. Routing Organization (Inmarsat)

2. Receive-Only (earth station)3. Read-Only (ATM)4. Remote Operation5. Recovery Operation6. Ring-Off

R/O Radio Officer (shipping)ROA Recognized Operating Agency (ITU)ROADS Robust Open Architecture Distributed SwitchingROBO Remote Office/Branch Office marketROC 1. Ring Operations Center

2. Rate Of Convergence3. Record Of Comments4. Regional Operating Company (Bell)

ROD Rewritable Optical DiskRODB Runtime Object Data Base



ROE Return On EnquiryROH 1. Receiver Off Hook (telephone set)

2. Ringer Off HookROHS Restriction Of Hazardous Substances (directive)ROI Return On InvestmentRoIP Radio over IP (service)ROLC Routing Over Large CloudsROM 1. Read-Only Memory (data storage)

2. Rough Order of MagnitudeROM BIOS Read-Only Memory Basic Input/Output SystemRON Routing Organization NumberROP Raster Operation (graphics)RORA Region Oriented Resource AllocationROS 1. Read-Only Storage (data storage)

2. Remote Operations ServiceROSAT Roentgen SatelliteROSE Remote Operations Service Element (protocol)ROTA rotating schedule (call centers)ROTHR Relocatable Over-The-Horizon RadarROTL Remote Office Test LineROTS 1. Rotary Out-Trunk Switch

2. Rugged Off-The-ShelfROV Remotely Operated VehicleROW Remote Order-WireRP 1. Registration Point

2. Radio Part (GSM)3. Range Processor4. Rapid Prototyping

RPAD Remote Playout And DistributionRPC Remote Procedure Call (programming)RPDU Response Protocol Data UnitRPE Radio Paging EquipmentRPE-LTP Regular Pulse Excitation—Long-Term Prediction

(GSM)RPF Reverse Path Forwarding (Internet)RPG Report Program Generator (programming language)RPI Radio Physical InterfaceRPL 1. Remote Procedure Load

2. Remote Program Load3. Repair Parts List

rpm revolutions per minute (hard drives)RPM 1. Remote Packet Module

2. Red-hat Packet Manager (files)RPN 1. Reverse Polish Notation (as in HP calculators)


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2. Residual Phase NoiseRPOA Recognized Private Operating Agency (common

carrier)RPOL Role Playing OnlineRPOP Remote Post Office ProtocolRPQ Request for Price Quotation (contracts)RPR Resilient Packet RingRPRINTER Remote Printer (Novell NetWare)rps revolutions per secondRPS 1. Repetitive Pattern Suppression (data compression)

2. Ring Protection Switching (SONET)3. Radar Processing System4. Radio Protection Switch

RPT repeatRPV Remotely Piloted VehicleRQC Repair and Quick Clean (in industry)RQS Rate Quote SystemRR 1. Radio Regulations (ITU)

2. Radio Resource3. Receiver Ready (link protocol command)4. Return Rate5. Rural Route6. Round Robin (Internet)

RRC 1. Radar Resolution Cell2. Raised-Root Cosine (mathematics)

RRD Remote Reconciliation DescriptorRRE 1. Receive Reference Equivalent

2. Radar Range EquationRREI Radio-Relay Equipment InterfaceRRI Request Randomization IndexRRM Radio Resource Management (UMTS)RRME Radio Resource Management Entity (AT&T)RRN Routing Recording Number (AT&T)RROCP Restricted Radio Operator’s Certificate of Proficiency

(shipping)RROP Restricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit (FCC)RRPI Radio-Relay Physical Interface (MUX)RRR Radio-Relay Regenerator (MUX)RRRP Radio-Relay Reference Point (MUX)RRS 1. Remote Radar Station

2. Radio-Relay SystemRRSF RACF Remote Sharing Facility (PCS)RRSP Resource Reservation Setup ProtocolRRST Radio Regenerator Section Termination



RRT Radio-Relay TerminalRS 1. Remote Site

2. Reduced Slope (optical fiber)3. Remote Station4. Regenerator Section (MUX)5. Recommended Standard6. Read Solomon code (error correction)7. Record Separator (character control code)8. Radio Satellite9. Remote Single-layer (ATM)

RS-1 Russian amateur Satellite 1RSA 1. Reliable Service Area (cellular networks)

2. Rural Service Area3. Rural Statistical Area (FCC)4. Remote Storage Area5. Repair Service Answering (AINs)6. Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (encryption algorithm)

RSAC Recreational Software Advisory CouncilRSB Repair Service BureauRSC 1. Remote Switching Center

2. Repair Service Center3. Radio Station Central

RSCC Russian Satellite Communication CompanyRSCH Radio Service Channel UnitRSD Remote Specific DescriptorRSE 1. Remote Subscriber Equipment

2. Remote Single-layer Embedded test method(ATM)

RSF Rostered Staff Factor (call centers)RSFG Route Server Functional Group (ATM)RSGB Radio Society of Great BritainRSH Remote Shell (UNIX)RSID Residential System Identifier (cellular networks)RSL 1. Request and Status Link (PBXs)

2. Received Signal Level (radio receiver)3. Radio Signaling Link (GSM)

RSM 1. Remote Switching Module (AT&T)2. Radio Subsystem Management (wireless)

Rsmc-channel Random-access channel for system management andcontrol

RSN 1. Radio Station Nodal2. Robust Security Network (802.11i)

RSOH Regenerator Section Overhead (MUX)RSPI Radio SDH Physical Interface (MUX)


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RSPX Remote Sequenced Packet Exchange (Novell NetWare)RSRB Remote Source Route Bridgingrss root sum squareRSS Remote Switching SystemRSSI 1. Received Signal Strength Indicator

2. Received Signal Strength IntensityRST 1. Radio Station Terminal

2. Regenerator Section Termination (MUX)3. Readability, Strength, and Tone (Ham Radio)4. Running Status Table (broadcasting)

RST-RR Regenerator Section Termination for STM-1 Radio-Relay (MUX)

RSU 1. Remote Subscriber Unit2. Remote Service Unit (cable telephony)3. Remote Switching Unit

RSUP Reliable SAP Update Protocol (Cisco)RSVP Resource Reservation ProtocolRSW 1. Rotary Switch

2. Relative Spectral WidthRSZI Regional Subscription Zone Identity (GSM)RT 1. Radio Telephony

2. Real-Time3. Rise-Time (pulses)4. Runtime5. Remote Terminal or Termination (DLC)6. Recorder Tone7. Routing Table

RT-VBR Real-Time Variable Bit Rate (ATM)RTA Remote Trunk ArrangementRTANI Real-Time ANIRTB Regional Test BedRTC 1. Receive Timing Controller

2. Runtime Control (SCSA)3. Runtime Code4. Remote Tunable Combiner5. Real-Time Clock

RTCA 1. Requirements and Technical Characteristics forAviation2. Radio Technical Commission of Aeronautics

RTCP Real-Time Conferencing ProtocolRTD 1. Round-Trip Delay (ATM)

2. Resonant-Tunneling Diode3. Real-Time Display4. Resistance-Temperature Detector (probe)



RTDF Radio Telephone Distress FrequencyRTDM 1. Real-Time Data Migration

2. Rough Terrain Diffusion ModelRTDMS Real-Time Database Management SystemRTDP Radar Target Data ProcessorRTDS Real-Time Data SystemRTE 1. Registered Terminal Equipment

2. Remote Terminal EmulationRTF 1. Rich Text Format

2. Radio Terminal FunctionRTFD Recommended Technical Framework DocumentRTFS Remote Throttled First Service (ATM)RTG Radio TelegraphyRTI 1. Radiation Transfer Index (transmission)

2. Real-Time Interrupt (electronics)RTIP Real-Time IPRTK Real-Time Kinematic Surveying (GSM)RTL 1. Resistor–Transistor Logic (digital electronics)

2. Relative Transmission Level3. Radio Television Luxemburg (broadcaster)4. Runtime License

RTM 1. Ready To Manufacture2. Runtime Monitor

RTMA Radio–Television Manufacturers AssociationRTML 1. Real-Time Markup Language (programming)

2. Rich Text Markup Language (programming)3.RoboticTelescopeMarkup Language (programming)4.RemoteTelescopeMarkup Language (programming)

RTMOS Room Temperature MOS (semiconductors)RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol (networking)RTN Routing Transport Number (AT&T)RTNDA Radio–Television News Directors AssociationRTNDF Radio–Television News Directors FoundationRTNR Ring Tone No ReplyRTO-IS Ready To Order—In ServiceRTOS Real-Time Operating SystemRTP 1. Real-time Transport Protocol (IETF)

2. Rapid Transport Protocol (IETF)3. Routing Table Protocol (Banyan Systems)4. Release To Pivot5. Radio E Televisao de Portugal (broadcaster)

RTS 1. Request-To-Send (RS232 signal)2. Real-Time System3. Reliable Transfer Service (OSI model)


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RTSE Reliable Transfer Service Element (OSI model)RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol (IETF)RTSU Remote Terminal Sub-UnitRTT 1. Round-Trip Time (ATM)

2. Radio and Telecommunications Terminal3. Radio Transmission Technologies4. Remote Traffic Terminal

RTTU Remote Trunk Test UnitRTTY Radio TeletypeRTU 1. Remote Terminal Unit

2. Remote Termination Unit3. Remote Telemetry Unit4. Right To Use

RTV Real-Time VideoRTX Request to TransmitRU 1. Request Unit

2. Response Unit3. Rack Unit

RUA Remote User Agent (X.400)RUBS Resource Usage Billing System (Inmarsat)RUC Resource Utilization Charge (Inmarsat)RUR Repair, Update, and Refurbish (in industry)RURL Relative Uniform Resource LocatorRUS Rural Utilities ServiceRVA 1. Recorded Voice Announcement

2. Reactive Volt–Ampere (electrical engineering)RVC Reverse Voice ChannelRVDT Rotary Variable Differential TransducerRVE Reference Vector EqualizationRVP Remote Voice PortRVPC Remote Voice Port CardRVPP Revenue Volume Pricing Plan (finance)RW 1. Read and Write (data storage)

2. Re-Writable (compact disks)3. Remote Workstation

RWhois Referral Whois (service)RWI 1. Radio and Wire Integration

2. Radio-Wire InterfaceRWR Radar Warning ReceiverRWT Recorder Warning ToneRWW Read-While-Write (data storage)RX Receiver or ReceptionRXD Receive-Data (RS-232 signal)RXLEV Receiving Level on the air-interface (GSM)



RXQUAL Receiving Quality on the air-interface (GSM)RZ Return-to-Zero level (data encoding)RZ-AMI Return-to-Zero level–-Alternate Mark Inversion (data

encoding)RZL Return-to-Zero Level (data encoding)


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S s

s 1. Symbol for second (of time)2. Symbol for synchronous

S 1. Fixed-Satellite service (ITU-T)2. Symbol for Strength of a signal3. Symbol for Source (FETs)4. Symbol for Siemens (unit of conductance)5. Symbol for Surface area

S port Slave port (FDDI Architecture)S SEED Symmetric Self Electro-optic Effect Device (switching)S&F Store-and-Forward (messaging technique)S&H Sample-and-Hold (PCM)S&R Store-and-Retrieve (messaging technique)SCCNCCD Signal plus Noise plus DistortionSCCN//N Signal plus Noise-to-Noise (ratio)S-ALOHA Slotted ALOHA (protocol)S-band Radio frequency band ranging from 1700 to 2360 MHzS-BCCH System Broadcast Control ChannelS-CDMA Synchronous CDMA (access)S-DAB Satellite Digital Audio BroadcastingS-HTTP Secure Hypertext Transfer ProtocolS-ISUP Satellite ISDN User Part (SS7)S-PCN Satellite Personal Communications NetworkS-Video Super Video

S

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S/C Signal-to-Cross talk (ratio)S/D 1. Synchro-to-Digital (electronics)

2. Signal-to-Distortion (ratio)S/DMS SONET Digital Multiplex SystemS/EOS Standard Earth Observation SatelliteS/H Sample-and-Hold (ADC)S/I Signal-to-Interference (ratio)S/MAIL Secure MAILS/MIME Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (e-mail

attachments)S/N Signal-to-Noise power (ratio)S/P Serial-to-ParallelS/P DIF Sony and Philips Digital Interface FormatS/Q Signal Quality Value (Intelsat)S/R Symbol Rate (satellite TV broadcasting)S/S Stop and Start (control character)S/W SoftwareS/WAN Secure Wide Area NetworkSA 1. Service Agent

2. Source Address (LANs)3. Section Adaptation Function (MUX)4. Space Application and meteorology service (ITU-T)5. Selective Availability (GPS)6. Security Associations

SA-RR Section Adaptation for STM-1 Radio-Relay (MUX)SAA 1. Supplemental Alert Adapter (AT&T)

2. Systems Application Architecture (IBM standard)3. Standard Association of Australia

SAAL Signaling ATM Adaptation LayerSABER Situation Awareness Beacon ReplySABM Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode command (X.25)SABME Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended (X.25)SAC 1. Satellite Access Controller

2. Single Attached Concentrator (FDDI or CDDI)3. Single Attachment Concentrator (FDDI)4. Service Access Code (INs)5. Special Area Code6. STN-to-ATM Converter (MUX)7. Shelf Alarm Card8. Special Access Code (Inmarsat)9. Subscriber Acquisition Cost

SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel (GSM)SACD Supper-Audio Compact DiskSAD Serial Analog Delay Line



SADL Synchronous Auto Dial Language (Racal Vadic)SAE Society of Automotive EngineeringSAF-TE SCSI Accessed Fault—Tolerant EnclosuresSAFDT Store And Forward Data TransmissionSAFE Security And Freedom through Encryption (Act)SAFEAct Security And Freedom through Encryption ActSAFENet Survivable Adaptable Fiber Optic Embedded Network

(U.S. Navy)SAG Self-Aligned Gate technologySAGE Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (air defense)SAI 1. Serving Area Interface

2. Status Computer Application Interface (PBX switch)3. Standards Australia International Ltd.

SAIC Science Applications International Corporation(U.S.A.)

SAID Speech Activated Intelligent DialingSAIL Stanford Artificial Intelligence LaboratorySAIS Section Alarm Indication Signal (MUX)SAM 1. Self-Administered Maintenance (technology)

2. Serving Area Multiplex3. Service Activation Manual (Inmarsat)4. Switched Access with Multiplexer5. Serial Access Memory6. Subscriber Access Management

SAMA Spread ALOHA Multiple AccessSamaCom Sama Communications Company (U.A.E.)SAN 1. Storage Area Network (Cisco)

2. Satellite Access Node (Inmarsat)SANZ Standard Association of New ZealandSAP 1. Service Access Point (Internet)

2. Satellite Access Provider (Satcom)3. Service Advertizing Protocol (networking)4. Session Announcement Protocol5. Secure Audio Path (Microsoft)6. Server Application Programming7. Software Acquisition Planing

SAPI 1. Service Access Point Identifier (ISDN)2. Speech Application Programming Interface

SAPS Service Access Processing SystemSAR 1. Search And Rescue (IMO)

2. Search And Replace (softwares)3. Segmentation And Reassembly (ATM)4. Synthetic-Aperture Radar (remote sensing)5. Specific Absorption Rate (radio wave exposure)

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6. Surface-Array Recording (optical discs)SARA Software Architecture for Reuse in AccessSARAH Search And Rescue And HomingSARBE Search And Rescue BeaconSAREX Shuttle Amateur Radio ExperimentSARFT State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television

(China)SARM Set Asynchronous Response Mode (X.25)SARP Search And Rescue ProcessorSARPs Standards And Recommended Practices and

Procedures (ICAO)SARSAT Search and Rescue Satellite-Aided TrackingSART Search And Rescue TransponderSARTS Switched Access Remote Test SystemSAS 1. Satellite Access Station (Inmarsat)

2. Survivable Adaptive System3. Subscriber Alerting Signal4. Single Attached Station (FDDI)5. Simple Attachment Scheme6. Silicon Asymmetrical Switch7. Severely errored frame/Alarm indication Signal8. Switched Access Service

SASE Specific Application Service ElementSASG Special Autonomous Study Group (ITU-T)SASI Shugart Associates System InterfaceSASL Simple Authentication and Security Layer (Internet)SASMO Syrian Arab Standardization and Metrology

OrganizationSASO Saudi Arabian Standards OrganizationSASS Seasat-A Satellite Scatterometer (remote sensing)SAT 1. satellite

2. Site Acceptance Tests3. Stand-Alone Terminal4. Subscriber Access Terminal (SMDS)5. Supervisory Audio Tone (cellular networks)

SATA Serial ATA (specification)SATAN Security Administrator Tool for Analyzing Networks

(networking)SATCOM Satellite CommunicationsSatMex Satelites MexicanosSatNav Satellite Navigationsatphone satellite telephoneSatVOD Satellite Video-On-Demand (service)SAU Signaling Access Unit



SAW Surface Acoustic Wave (filter)SB 1. Synchronous Burst (GSM)

2. Secondary Body (orbit)3. Signal Battery lead

SB-ADPCM Sub-Band Adaptive Differential PCM (modulation)SBAN Services-oriented Building Area NetworkSBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System (navigation)SBC 1. Sub-Band Coding

2. Subsequent Bill Company3. Single-Board Computer

SBCA SatelliteBroadcasting andCommunicationsAssociation(U.S.A.)

SBCF Single-Bit Cipher FeedbackSBCS Satellite-Based Cellular SystemSBD Smart Battery DataSBE Society of Broadcast EngineersSBIC Shared Bus Interface ControllerSBM 1. Shared Buffer Memory (Alcatel)

2. Subnet Bandwidth Manager (signaling scheme)SBO Service-Based Operator (VPNs)SBR 1. Spaceborne Radar

2. Subsystem Backup RoutingSBRC Subsystem Backup Routing ControlSBS 1. Satellite Base Station (Inmarsat)

2. Smart Battery System3. Shift Bit Select

SBTS Sistema Brasilero de Telecomunicaceos por Satellite(Brazil)

SBUR Software Blocking/Unblocking ReceptionSBus Sun Microsystems data BusSBUS Software Blocking/Unblocking SendingSBUV Solar Backscatter Ultra-Violet Experiment (remote

sensing)SC 1. Service Channel

2. Sub-Committee (ISO)3. Suppressed Carrier (modulation)4. scrambler5. System Controller6. Secondary Center (switching)

SC242 Slot Connector 242SC330 Slot Connector 330SCA 1. Selective Call Acceptance

2. Signal Communications Axis (military)3. Supplemental Communications Authority

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4. Subsidiary Communications Authorization (FCCregulation)5. Sub-Carrier Adapter6. Special Customer Arrangement (billing)

SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (remotecontrol)

SCAI Switch to Computer Applications Interface (protocol)SCAM SCSI Configured Automatically (scuzzy card devices)SCAN Switched Circuit Automatic NetworkSCAP Silicon Capacitive Absolute Pressure (sensor)SCAPI SCSA Application Programming InterfaceSCbus SCSA bus (computer architecture)SCC 1. Satellite Control Center (Inmarsat)

2. Satellite Communications Control System3. Serial Communications Controller4. Supercomputing Center5. Specialized Common Carrier (AT&T)6. Signal Channel Codec7. Signal Communications Center8. Smart-Card Chip9. Space Communications Corporation (Japan)10. Saudi Communications Commission (Saudi Arabia)11. System Control Computer (CATV)12. Standards Council of Canada

SCCE Service Circuits Control ElementSCCP Simple Client Control ProtocolSCCS 1. Secure Code Control System

2. Switching Center Control SystemSCD 1. Signaling Channel Descriptor

2. Source-Controlled Drawing (semiconductors)SCDMA Synchronous CDMA (access)SCDPI SCSA Device Programming Interface (computer

architecture)SCE 1. Service Creation Environment (INs)

2. Storage Control ElementSCEF Service Creation Environment Function (INs)Scelbi Scientific, electronic, and biological (early computers)SCEP Service Creation Environment Point (INs)SCF 1. Shared Channel Feedback (wireless)

2. Service Control FacilitySCFL Source-Coupled FET Logic (digital electronics)SCH Synchronization Channel (GSM)SCI 1. Scalable Coherent Interface (transmission)

2. Serial Communication Interface



SCI-PHY Saturn-Compliant Interface—Physical (protocol)SCIA Smart-Card Industry AssociationSCICT Supreme Council of ICT (Iran)SCIM Single-Chip Integration ModuleSCL 1. Supervisory Control Language (programming)

2. Space-Charge Layer3. Serial Clock

SCM 1. Subscriber Carrier Module2. Service Circuit Module3. Single-Chip Module4. Station Class Mark (cellular networks)

SCMS 1. Smart-Card Manufacturing System2. Serial Copyright Management System(TV broadcasting)

SCOI Standing Communications Operating InstructionSCONUL Society of College, National and University Libraries

(U.K. ICT)scope 1. oscilloscope

2. radarscopeSCORM Shareable Content Object Reference ModelSCOT Sealed Chips On TapeSCOTS 1. Surveillance and Control of Transmission Systems

2. Switched Circuit-Oriented and Tracking System(MCI)

SCP 1. System Control Processor2. Satellite Communications Processor (NorthernTelecom)3. Session Control Protocol4. Service Control Point (INs)5. Switching Control Point (GSM)6. Signal Control Point (AINs)

SCPC Single Channel Per CarrierSCPC-FM SCPC Frequency ModulationSCPC-PSK SCPC Phase Shift Keying (modulation)SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable InstrumentsSCR 1. Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (semiconductors)

2. Sustainable Cell Rate (ATM)3. System Clock Reference4. SCSA Call Router

SCR NRZ Scrambled Non-Return-to-Zero (data encoding)SCRL Signal Corps Radio LaboratoriesSCS 1. Silicon-Controlled Switch (semiconductors)

2. Structured Cabling System3. Scattering Cross Section

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4. Split Charging Service5. Syrian Computer Society

SCSA Signal Computing System ArchitectureSCSI Small Computer Systems Interface (scuzzy card)SCSI3 SCSI version 3 (scuzzy card)SCSR Single-Channel Signaling RateSCSU Supervisory, Control & Switching UnitSCT 1. System Control Terminal

2. Secretaria de Comunicaciones y Transportes(Mexico)

SCTE 1. Society of Cable Television Engineers, Inc.(standards)2. Serial Clock Transmit External (modems)

ScTP Screened Twisted Pair (cabling)SCTP 1. Simple Computer Telephony Protocol (Internet)

2. Stream Control Transmission ProtocolSCU 1. System Control Signal Unit

2. Service Channel Unit3. Signaling and Control Unit4. Signaling Channel Unit5. Selector Control Unit

SCVF Single-Channel Voice FrequencySCWD Spontaneous Call Waiting DisplaySCXI Signal Conditioning Extension for InstrumentationSD 1. Space-Diversity (MUX)

2. Signal Degrade (MUX)3. Starting Delimiter (LANs)

SDAP Service Discovery Application Profile (Bluetooth)SDARS Satellite Digital Audio Receiver ServiceSDBGA Super-Dissipation Ball-Grid Array (microchips)SDC 1. Synchro-to-Digital Converter

2. Security Database ComputerSDCA Short Distance Charging AreaSDCC Section Data Communication Channel (MUX)SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel (GSM)SDCD Secondary Data Carrier DetectSDCM Serial Data Converter ModulesSDE 1. Synchronization Distribution Expander

2. Submission and Delivery Entity (X.400)3. Secure Data Exchange (IEEE)

SDF 1. Specialized Database Functions2. Standard Delay Format3. Standard Delay File4. Sub-Distribution Frame (trunk cable and LAN)



5. Service Data Function6. Service Definition Function

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (MUX)SDI 1. Serial Data Interface

2. SDH physical Interface3. Synchronization Distribution Interface

SDIO Secure Digital Input/OutputSDIP Shrink Dual Inline Package (microchips)SDK System Developer’s Kit (ICT)SDL Specification and Description Language (ITU-T)SDLA Successive Detection Log AmplifierSDLC 1. Synchronous Data Link Control (protocol)

2. Software Description Language CSDLLC Synchronous Data Logical Link Control (Cisco)SDLT Super DLT (tape data format)SDLVA SuccessiveDetection Log Video Amplifier (microwave)SDM 1. System Definition Manual (Inmarsat)

2. Sub-rate Data Multiplexing3. Space Division Multiplexing4. SuperNode Data Manager

SDMA 1. Space Division Multiple Access2. Station Detail Message Accounting

SDMF Single Data Message FormatSDMI Secure Digital Music InitiativeSDN 1. Software Defined Network

2. Secondary Distribution NetworkSDNP Sustainable Development Networking Program

(Bangladesh)SDNS Secure Data Network SystemSDOs Standard Development OrganizationsSDP 1. Session Description Protocol (IETF)

2. Service Data Point (INs)3. Service Delivery Point4. Service Discovery Protocol (INs and Bluetooth)5. Simple Discovery Protocol (Martin Hamilton)6. SAR Data Provider (COMSAR)7. Severely Disturbed Period (MUX)

SDPC Synchronous Data Port ClusterSDR 1. Software Defined Radio (FCC)

2. Signal-to-Distortion Ratio3. Session Detail Record4. Special Drawing Right (billing)

SDRAM Synchronized Dynamic RAM (memory)SDRP Source Demand Routing Protocol

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SDS 1. Short Data Service (TETRA)2. SDH Data Sub-network

SDSAF Switched Digital Services Applications ForumSDSC Standards and Data Services CommitteeSDSL 1. Symmetrical DSL (access)

2. Single-line DSL (access)SDT 1. Structured Data Transfer

2. Service Description Table (broadcasting)SDTI Serial Data Transport Interface (data standard)SDTP Serial Data Transport ProtocolSDTV Standard-definition Digital Television (broadcasting)SDU 1. Service Data Unit (OSI model)

2. Satellite Data Unit (Inmarsat)SDUS Small-scale Data Utilization Station (remote sensing)SDV Switched Digital Video (network architecture)SDVB Switched Digital Video BroadcastingSDVN Switched Digital Video NetworkSDX Storage Data Acceleration (technology)SDXC Synchronous Digital Cross Connect (MUX)SE 1. Switching Element (ATM)

2. System Engineering3. Software Engineering

.sea Name extension for self-extracting Macintosh archivefiles

SEA–ME–WE South East Asia–Middle East–West Europe(cable consortium)

SEA Self-Extracting ApplicationSEAC Standard Eastern Automatic ComputerSEAL Simple and Efficient Adaptation Layer (ATM)SEC 1. SDH Equipment Clock

2. Synchronous Equipment Clock3. Security Encoding Computer4. Service Entrance Cable

SECABS Small Exchange Carrier Access Billing SpecificationsSECAM Sequential Color And Memory (French TV broadcast

format)SECC Single Edge Contact Cartridge (processor cartridge)SECO Sequential ControlSECOR Sequential Collation Of RangeSECORD Secure voice CORD board (no more exists)SECS Semiconductor Equipment and Material International’s

Communications StandardSECTEL Secure TelephoneSED Smoke-Emitting Diode



SEDFB Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback (laser)SEED Self-Electro-optic Effect Device (switches)SEF 1. Support Entity Function

2. Severely Errored Framing (SONET)3. Secure Explicit Forwarding (transmission)

SEFS Severely Errored Framing SecondsSEI 1. Software Engineering Institute

2. Secondary Electron Imaging3. Shiraz Electronics Industries

SEL 1. selector (ATM)2. Surface-Emitting Laser

Selcall Selective callingSELED Surface-Emitting Light-Emitting DiodeSelsyn Self-synchronousSELV Safety Extra Low VoltageSEM 1. Space Environment Monitor (remote sensing)

2. Scanning Electron Microscope3. Synchronous Equipment Management (MUX)4. Standard Electronic Module

SEM-E Standard Electronic Module E-type (avionics)SEMF Synchronous EquipmentManagement Function (MUX)SEMI Semiconductor Equipments and Materials

InternationalSEP Symbol Error ProbabilitySEPP 1. Secure Electronic Payment Protocol (bank card

transactions)2. Software Engineering for Parallel Processing(project)

SEPT Signaling Endpoint Translator (SS7)SEQUEL Structured English Query Language (programming)SER Satellite Equipment RoomSERN Software Engineering Research NetworkSERVORD Service OrderSES 1. Ship Earth Station (Inmarsat)

2. Satellite Earth Station3. Source End Station (ATM)4. Severely Errored Seconds (MUX)

SESR Severely Errored Seconds Ratio (MUX)SET 1. Secure Electronic Transaction (protocol)

2. Secure Encryption Technology3. Single Electron Transistor

SETA Southeastern Telecommunications AssociationSETAMS System Engineering, Technical assistance And

Management Services

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SETI Search for Extraterrestrial IntelligenceSETS Synchronous Equipment Timing SourceSEU Single Event UpsetSEVAS Secure Voice Access SystemSF 1. Single-Frequency (signaling)

2. Secondary Frequency3. Shared Frequency (ITU-T)4. Super Frame5. Signal Failure (MUX)

SFBI Shared Frame-Buffer InterfaceSFC 1. Switch Fabric Controller

2. Shannon–Farro Coding (data compression)SFD 1. Saturation Flux Density

2. Start Frame DelimiterSFDR Spurious Free Dynamic Range (receiver)SFG Simulated Facility GroupSFH Slow Frequency Hopping (GSM)SFINX Service for French Internet ExchangeSFM Synthesizer Filter ModuleSFN Single-Frequency Network (broadcasting)SFQL Structured Full-text Query Language (programming)SFR Societe Francaise du Radiotelephone (French GSM

operator)SFROM Smart Flash ROM (memory)SFS Standard Frequency and Time signal Satellite (ITU)SFT 1. Single-Frequency Tone

2. System Fault ToleranceSFTA Scalable Fault Tolerance ArchitectureSFTP Simple File Transfer ProtocolSFTS Standard Frequency and Time SignalSFU Store-and-Forward Unit (Inmarsat)SG 1. Super Group (MUX)

2. Study Group (ITU-T)3. Signaling Gateway4. Signal Ground

SG2 Study Group 2 (ITU-T)SGA Solder-Grid Array (microchips)SGCC Shahid Ghandi Communication Cable Company (Iran)SGCP Simple Gateway Control Protocol (Telcordia

Technologies)SGDF Super-Group Distribution FrameSGI Silicon Graphics Incorporated (company)SGLS Space Ground Link System



.sgm The MS-DOS/Windows3.x name extension for SGMLfiles

.sgml Name extension for SGML files (computer)SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language

(programming)SGMP Simple Gateway Monitoring ProtocolSGRAM Synchronous Graphics RAM (memory)SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node (cellular networks)SGW Service GatewaySHA 1. Secure Hash Algorithm (digital signature)

2. Sidereal Hour Angle (earth rotation)3. Sample-and-Hold Amplifier (ADC)

SHARP Self-Healing Alternate Route Protection (SONET)SHDSL Single-pair High-bit-rate DSL (access)SHF Super-High Frequency (3–30 GHz range)SHG Second Harmonic GeneratorSHIELD Silicon Hybrids with Infrared Extrinsic Long-wave-

length DetectorSHIRAN S-band High-accuracy RangingSHOALS Scanning by Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar

SurveySHODOP Short-range Dopplershoran short-range aid to navigationSHOT Society for the History Of TechnologySHP Signaling Handoff Point (SS7 networks)SHPD Sample and Hold Phase DetectorSHPO State Historic Preservation OfficerSHR Self-Healing RingSHT 1. Short Hold Time

2. Suppressed High-level differential Transfer (circuit)SHTML Server-parsed HTML (programming)SHVIA Satellite Home Viewer Improvement ActSi Silicon (semiconductors)Si-APD Silicon Avalanche Photo Diode (semiconductors)Si–Ge Silicon–Germanium (semiconductors)Si3N4 Silicon Nitride (semiconductors)SI 1. Shift-In (character control code)

2. Service Indicator (SS7)3. Systeme International D’unites (French)4. International System of Units5. Semi-Insulator

SIA 1.Satellite IndustryAssociation (standards organization)2. Securities Industry Association3. Semiconductor Industry Association (U.S.A.)

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SIBB Service Independent Building Blocks (TelcordiaTechnologies)

SIBH Semi-Insulated Buried Heterostructure (laser)SiC Silicon Carbide (semiconductors)SIC 1. System Interface Cluster

2. Station Identification Code3. Selectively Implanted Collector4. Service Initiation Charge5. Service Information Compiler (TV broadcast)6. Standard Industrial Classification (numbering code)

SICL Standard Instrument Control LibrarySID 1. System Identifier

2. Security ID3. Silence Descriptor (GSM)4. Society for Information Display

SIDN Security Industry Digital NetworkSIDR SES ID RecordSIF 1. Standard Image Format (video images)

2. SONET Interoperability Forum (U.S. standardsorganization)3. Signaling Information Fields (SS7)

.sig Name extension for the e-mail signature files(computer)

SIG 1. signal (transmissions)2. Special Interest Group (SDR Forum)3. SMDS Interest Group

SIGCOMM Special Interest Group on data CommunicationsSiGe Silicon–Germanium (semiconductors)SIGGRAPH Special Interest Group on Computer GraphicsSIGINT Signal IntelligenceSII System Integration Interface (NTT)SIIA Software & Information Industry AssociationSILC Selective Incoming Load ControlSILO Signal Intercept from Low OrbitSILS Standard for Interoperable LAN Security (IEEE)SIM 1. Subscriber Identity Module (GSM)

2. Single Interface Module (NEC)3. Society for Information Management

SIMD Single-Instruction, Multiple-Data (processorinstruction)

SIMM Single In-line Memory Module (Macintosh PCs)SiN Silicon Nitride (semiconductors)SINAD Signal-to-Noise-And-Distortion (ratio)SINCGARS Single-Channel Ground and Airborne Radio Systems



SingTel Singapore Telecommunications Ltd. (company)SinoSat Sino Satellite Communications (company)SINPO Signal strength, Interference, Noise, Propagation, and

Overall quality (signal quality rating system for radiosignals)

SINS Ship’s Inertial Navigation SystemSiO 1. Silicon Oxide (semiconductors)

2. Serial Input and Output (port)3. Scientific or Industrial Organization (ITU)4. Service Information Octet (SS7)

SIP 1. SDMS Interface Protocol2. Session Initiation Protocol3. Single Inline Package (microchips)4. SMDS Interface Protocol

SIPO Serial-In Parallel-Out (port)SIPP 1. Simple Internet Protocol Plus

2. Single Inline Pinned Package (microchips)SIR 1. Sustained Information Rate (SMDS)

2. Substrate-Incident Recording3. Serial Infrared data transmission system (Hewlett-Packard)4. Speaker Independent Recognition5. Signal-to-Interference Ratio6. Surface Insulation Resistance7. Stepped Impedance Resonator

SIS 1. Sound-In-Sync (transmission)2. Standardiseringen I Sverige (Sweden)

SISO Soft Input–Soft Output technique (FEC).sit Name extension for a Macintosh file compressed with

StuffITSIT 1. Simple Internet Transition (protocol)

2. Satellite Interactive Terminal3. Special Information Tone

SITA Societe Internationale de TelecommunicationAeronautique

SIVR Speaker Independent Voice RecognitionSK Telecom South Korea Telecom (company)SKAM Skills, Knowledge, Access, and MotiveSKED Schedule (Morse code transmissions)SKIP Simple Key management for Internet ProtocolSKU Stock-Keeping Unit (E-Commerce)SKW Satellite-Keeping Window (satcom)SL 1. satellite

2. Synchronous Line

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3. stripline4. Session Layer

SLA Service Level Agreement (contracts)SLAM Scanning Laser Acoustic MicroscopeSLAR Side-Looking Airborne RadarSLARP Serial Line Address Resolution Protocol (Cisco)SLC 1. Subscriber Loop Carrier

2. Subscriber Line Charge3. Signaling Link Code (SS7)4. Straight-Line Capacitance (electronics)5. System Life Cycle6. Simple Line Code (transmission)7. Single Layer Ceramic8. Surface Laminar Circuit

SLCC 1. Subscriber Line Carrier Circuit2. Subscriber Loop Carrier Circuit

SLD 1. Super Luminescent Diode2. Secure Level Debugger

SLDRAM Sync Link Dynamic RAM (memory)SLE Satellite Link EmulatorSLED 1. Single Large Expensive Disk

2. Single Large Expensive Drive3. Superluminescent LED

SLEE Service Logic Execution Environment (AINs)SLF 1. Super Low Frequency

2. Straight-Line Frequency (electronics)SLI Service Logic Interpreter (INs)SLIC 1. Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (VoIP)

2. Subscriber Line Interface Card3. Standard Linear Integrated Circuit (electronics)

Slicc Slightly larger than IC carrier (microchips)SLICE Simulation Language for Integrated Circuit EmphasisSLIP Serial Line Internet ProtocolSLIP/PPP Serial Line Internet Protocol to Point-to-Point ProtocolSLM 1. Service Level Management

2. System Load Module3. Signal Label Mismatched (SONET)4. Spatial Light Modulator5. Single Longitudinal Mode (laser)

SLMQW Strained Layer Multiple Quantum WellSLOs Service Level Obligations (contracts)SLP 1. Service Location Protocol (IETF)

2. Service Logic ProgramSLR 1. Send Loudness Rating



2. Source Local Reference (SS7)3. Service Level Reporter

SLS 1. Signaling Link Selection code (SS7)2. Softlanding Linux System

SLSA Single-Line Switching ApparatusSLSI Super Large-Scale Integration (microchips)SLT 1. Single-Line Telephone

2. Subscriber Line Terminal3. Subscriber Line Test

SLTE Subscriber Line Terminal EquipmentSLW Straight-Line Wavelength (electronics)SM 1. Switch Module

2. Service Module (ADSL)3. Single Mode (optical fiber)4. Synchronous Multiplexer (MUX)5. Spectrum Management (ITU-T)6. Session Management

SMA 1. Spectrum Management Agency2. Semiconductor Manufacturers Association (U.K.)3. Surface-Mounted Assembly

SMAE System Management Application EntitySMAP Service Management Access Point (INs)SMART 1. Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology

2. Stress-Marginality andAccelerated-ReliabilityTesting3. StandardModuleAvionicsRepair and Test (software)

SMAS Switched Maintenance Access SystemSMASE System Management Application Service EntitySMATV Satellite Master-Antenna TelevisionSMB 1. Server Message Block (networking protocol)

2. Shared-Memory BufferSMBus System Management Bus (Intel standard)SMC 1. System Management Center

2. Standard Management Committee3. Surface-Mount Components (electronics)4. SAR Mission Coordinator (COMSAR)5. Subscriber Management Center

SMCC Sun Microsystems Computer CompanySMD 1. Surface-Mount Device (electronics)

2. Solder Mask Defined3. Storage Module Drive

SMDA Station Message Detail AccountingSMDI 1. Station Message Desk Interface (data link)

2. Simplified Message Desk Interface (data link)

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SMDR Station Message Detail RecordingSMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Services (MANs)SMDSU Switched Multimegabit Data Service UnitSME 1. Signaling Management Equipment

2. Security Management Entity3. Small-to-Medium Enterprise

SMEMA Surface-Mount Equipment Manufacturers AssociationSMF 1. Service Management Function (TMN)

2. Single-Mode Fiber3. Sub-Multiframe (MUX)

SMFA Specific Management Function AreaSMG 1. Super Master Group (MUX)

2. Special Mobile Group (former name of GSM)SMI 1. Structure of Management Information

2. Small- and Medium-sized Industries3. System Management Interrupts (power)4. Sample Matrix Inversion

SMII Serial Media Independent InterfaceSMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integrated Language

(programming)SMIP Strategic Management Information PlanSMIS Society for Management Information SystemsSMM System Management Mode (power)SMMR Scanning Multichannel Microwave RadiometerSMMS Spatial Metadata Management SystemSMN Synchronous Management NetworkSMO Stabilized Master OscillatorSMOBC Solder Mask Over Bare CopperSMOP Small Matter Of ProgrammingSMP 1. Service Management Point (INs)

2. Symmetric Multiprocessing (ICT)3. SCSA Message Protocol4. Simple Management Protocol5. Sub-Miniature Push-on (connectors)6. Surface-Mount Package (microchips)

SMPGA Surface-Mount Pin-Grid Array (microchips)SMPI SCSA Message Protocol InterfaceSMPP Short Message Peer-to-Peer (networking protocol)SMPS Switched-Mode Power SupplySMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television EngineersSMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers

(U.S.A.)SMR Specialized Mobile RadioSMRP Simple Multicast Routing Protocol



SMRT 1. Single Message-unit Rate Timing2. Surface-Mount and Reflow Technology

SMS 1. Short Message Service (GSM)2. Satellite Multiservice3. Subscribers Management System4. Service Management System (INs)5. SDH Management Sub-network

SMS-MO SMS Mobile Originated (GSM)SMS-MT SMS Mobile Terminated (GSM)SMS-PP SMS Point-to-Point (GSM)SMSA Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (FCC)SMSC Short Message Service Center (GSM)SMSCB SMS Cell Broadcast (GSM)SMSCH Short Message Service Channel (GSM)SMSK Serial MSK (modulation)SMSR Side-Mode Suppression Ratio (fiber optics)SMT 1. Surface-Mount Technology (electronics)

2. Simultaneous Multitasking3. Station Management (FDDI Architecture)

SMTA 1. Single-line Multiextension Telephone Apparatus2. Surface-Mount Technology Association

SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (Internet)SMU 1. Subscriber Carrier Module-100 URBAN

2. Surface-Measure UnitSMU-R Subscriber Carrier Module-100 URBAN—RemoteSMUG Spokane Microcomputer User GroupSN 1. Switching Node

2. Services Node (AINs)3. Subscriber Number4. Sequence Number (ATM)

SNA 1. Systems Network Architecture (IBM)2. Scalar Network Analyzer3. SDH Network Aspects (MUX)

SNAC 1. Single Network Access Code (Inmarsat)2. SMS/800 Number Administration Committee

SNACP SNA Control ProtocolSNADS SNA Distribution Services (IBM)SNAP 1. Sub-Network Access Protocol (IEEE)

2. Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary PowerSNC Sub-Network Connection (MUX)SNC/I Sub-Network Connection with Inherent Monitoring

(MUX)SNC/N Sub-Network Connection with Non-intrusive Moni-

toring (MUX)

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SNCP 1. Satellite Network Control Processor2. Sub-Network Connection Protection (MUX)

.snd Name extension for Sun and Next Machine audio filesSND send (cellular language)SNDCF Sub-Network Dependent Convergence FunctionSNDCP Sub-Network Dependent Convergence ProtocolSNEK Satellite Network node computerSNES Special Network Exchange SmallSNet SONET Network (Northern Telecom)SNET Southern New England Telephone CorporationSNG Satellite News Gathering systemSNI 1. System Network Interconnection (IBM)

2. Subscriber Network Interface (SMDS)SNIR Signal-to-Noise plus Interference Ratio (signal quality)SNM Sub-Network ManagementSNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (networking)SNOBOL String-Oriented Symbolic Language (programming)SNOC Satellite Network Operations CenterSNPA Sub-Network Point of AttachmentSNPP Simple Network Paging Protocol (IETF)SNR 1. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (signal quality)

2. Sub-Network Router3. Saved Number Redial

SNRM Set Normal Response Mode (command)SNVT Standard Network Variable TypeSO 1. Shift Out (character control code)

2. Serving Office3. Serial Output4. Small-Outline

SO-DIMM Small Outline-Dual In-line Memory Module (MaintoshPCs)

SOA Semiconductor Optical AmplifierSOAP Simple Object Access ProtocolSOB Small-Outline Butt-leaded package (microchips)SOC 1. System Operator Console

2. Statement Of Compliance3. State Of Charge4. System-On-a-Chip (microchips)

SoD Service-on-DemandSOD Source-Over-Drain (FETs)SOF Start Of Frame (TDMA)SOFAR Sound Fixing And RangingSOG Source-Over-Gate (FETs)SOH 1. Start Of Header (control character)



2. Section Overhead (MUX)SOHO 1. Small Office, Home Office (computer market)

2. Solar and Heliospheric ObservatorySOI 1. Signal Operating Instruction

2. Silicon-On-Insulator (semiconductors)3. Second-Order Intercept

SOIC Small-Outline Integrated Circuit package (microchips)SOJ Small-Outline ICs with J-leads (microchips)SOLA Short, Open, Load, and Air-capacitorSOLAS Safety Of Life At Sea (IMO convention)Solion Solution ION (electrochemical device)SOLR Short-Open-Line-Reciprocal (calibration)SOLT Short-Open-Load-Through (calibration)SOLV Solenoid Value (electronics)SOM 1. Start Of Message

2. System Object Model (IBM architecture)SOMO Small Office, Medium Office (computer market)SON Service Order Number (local exchange carrier)sonar sound navigation and rangingSONET Synchronous Optical Network (standard)SONIA Sun Microsystems, Oracle Corp., Netscape Corp., IBM,

Apple, Inc.SOP 1. Standard Operating Procedure

2. Small-Outline Package (microchips)SOPC System On a Programmable Chip (microchips)SOR Start Of RecordSORA Satellite-Oriented Resource AllocationSORF 1. Start Of Receive Frame

2. Small-Outline Radio Frequency (microchips)SORMF Start Of Receive MultiframeSOS 1. Save Our Souls or Ship (international distress signal)

2. Silicon-On-Sapphire (semiconductors)SOSCARD Secure Operating System CARDSOSIC Silicon-On-Sapphire Integrated Circuit

(semiconductors)SOSTEL Solid-State Electronic Logic (digital electronics)SOSUS Sound Surveillance SystemSOT Small-Outline Transistor (semiconductors)SOTF Start Of Transmit FrameSOTMF Start Of Transmit MultiframeSOVA Soft-Output Viterbi AlgorithmsSP 1. Service Provider

2. Support Processor3. Stream Protocol

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4. Signal Processor5. Span Processor6. Signaling Point7. Signal Present8. Switch Port (Ericson)

SP3 Third-order SuppressionSP3T Single-Pole 3 Throw (switches)SPA 1. Special Photographic Area

2. Software Publishers Association (U.S. standardsorganization)3. Shared Printer Access (ISDN)

Spacecom Space Communications CorporationSPACH SMS messaging, Paging, and Access response ChannelSPADATS Space Detection And Tracking SystemSPADE SCPC PCM Multiple Access Demand—assignment

EquipmentSPAG Standard Promotion and Application Group (Europe)SPAM Specialized Automated Mail (e-mail)SPAN Switched Port Analyzer (Cisco)SPAP Secure Password Authentication ProtocolSPARC Scalable Processor Architecture (Sun Microsystems)SPARS Society of Professional Audio Recording StudiosSPATA Speech And dataSPB 1. Satellite Processor Board

2. Synchronous Port Block (MUX)SPBX Satellite Private Branch ExchangeSPC 1. Stored Program Control (telephone system)

2. Semi-Permanent Connection3. Signaling Point Code (SS7)4. Statistical Process Control

SPCAS SPC Allocation ServiceSPCM Subscriber PCM (modulation)SPCP Spectrum Cellular error-correction ProtocolSPCS Stored Program Controlled SwitchSPD 1. Security Production Development

2. Serial Presence Detect (SDRAM memories)3. spreader

SPDIP Shrink Plastic Dual Inline Package (microchips)SPDM Scalable Polynomial Delay ModelSPDT Single-Pole Double-Throw (switches)SPDU Session Protocol Data UnitSPE 1. Semi-Public Environment

2. Switch Processing Element3. Signal Processing Element



4. Synchronous Payload Envelope (MUX)spec specificationSPEC 1. Speech Predictive Encoded Communication

2. Standard Performance Evolution CorporationSPECT Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography

(medicine)SPF 1. Shortest Path First (routing algorithm)

2. Stateful Packet FilteringSPG Signal Processing GainSPHIGS Simple PHIGSSPI 1. Service Provider Interface

2. Serial Peripheral Interface (Motorola)3. Serial-to-Parallel Interface (electronics)4. Security Parameters Index5. Synchronous Public Input6. Synchronous Pixel Interface7. SDH Physical Interface (MUX)8. Stateful Packet Inspection (firewall monitoringsystem)

Spice Simulation program with integrated circuits emphasisSPID 1. Service Profile Identifier (ISDN)

2. Service Protocol Identifier (ISDN)SPIE 1. Society of Photometric Industry Engineers

2. Society of Photo-optical InstrumentationEngineering

SPIN Service Provider Identification NumberSPINA Subscriber Personal Identification Number AccessSPINI Subscriber Personal Identification Number InterceptSPIRIT 1. Special Purpose Integrated Remote Intelligence

Terminal2. Secure Planning and Integrated Resources forInformation Technology (PHS of Japan)

SPIROU Signalization Pour l’ Interconnexion des ReseauxOuverts

SPISN Security Protocols to explore security Issues in SensorNetworks

SPITE Switching Processing Interface Telephony EventSPKR speakerSPL Sound Pressure Level (sound power)SPLD SimpleProgrammable LogicDevice (digital electronics)SPLIC Special Purpose Linear Integrated Circuit (electronics)SPM 1. Self-Phase Modulation

2. Satellite Propulsion Module3. Spectrum Peripheral Module

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4. Service Provider Messages5. Subscriber Private Meter6. Scanning Probe Microscope

SPMT Single-Pole Multiple-Throw (switches)SPN 1. Service Provider Networks

2. Subscriber Premises NetworkSPNA Secure Public Networks Act (U.S. Senate)SPNE Signal Processing Network EquipmentSPNI Service Provider Network IdentifierSPOC 1. SAR Point Of Contact (COMSAR)

2. Single-Point-Of-ContactSPOI Signaling Point Of Interface (SS7)SPOOL Simultaneous Peripheral Operations OnlineSPOT 1. Sequential Proxy Optimization Technique

2. Secondary-location Point of Termination3. Smart Personal Object Technology (Microsoft)

SPP 1. Service Provision Point (IN)2. Scalable Parallel Processing (multiprocessingarchitecture)3. Sequenced Packet Protocol4. Signal Processing Platform5. Serial Port Profile (Bluetooth)

SPRE 1. Special Prefix code2. Satellite Position Reporting Equipment

SPS 1. Standard Positioning Service (GPS)2. Signaling Protocol and Switching3. Sound-Processing Software4. Standby Power System5. Samples Per Second

SPST Single-Pole Single-Throw (switches)SPT Stationary Plasma ThrusterSPTS Single-Program Transport Stream (MPEG-2)SPU Satellite Position UncertaintySPUD Small Planned Unit DevelopmentSPUDT Single-Phased Uni-Directional TransducerSPX Sequenced Packet Exchange (protocol)Sq Square (SI Units)SQAM 1. Staggered Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

2. Sound Quality Assessment MaterialSQC Statistical Quality Control (products)SQCIF Sub-Quarter Common Intermediate Format (video

compression)SQE Signal Quality Error (Ethernet)SQFP Shrink Quad Flat Pack (microchips)



SQL Structured Query Language (databases)SQPSK Staggered Quadrature PSK (modulation)SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Devicesr steradianSR 1. Set and/or Reset (flip-flops)

2. Scanning Radiometer3. Spectral Responsivity4. Shift Register (digital electronics)5. Secondary Radar6. Speech Recognition7. Source Routing8. Selective Repeat

SRA System Reliability ArchitectureSRAM Static RAM (memory)SRAPI Speech Recognition Application Programming

InterfaceSRB 1. Secondary Reference Burst

2. Source Route Bridging (LANs)3. Synchronization Reference Burst

SRC 1. Strategic Review Committee (ETSI)2. Stupid Rich Customer (telecom products)3. Semiconductor Research Corporation

SRD Super-Radiant DiodeSRD Industries Saamaaneh Rahe Dour Industries (Iran)SRDC Sub-Rate Digital Cross connectSRDM Sub-Rate Data MultiplexerSRE Send Reference EquivalentSREJ Selective RejectSRES Signed Response (GSM)SRF 1. Special Resource Function (AINs)

2. Specifically Routed FrameSRGF Speech Recognition Grammar FormatSRGP Simple Raster Graphics Package (software)SRI Sorry (Morse code transmission)SRL 1. Structured Return Loss (cable)

2. Shift Register Latch (microchips)SRM 1. Sub-Rate Multiplexing

2. Service Resource Management3. Selective Ringing Module4. Signaling Route Management

SRMS Service Request Management SystemSRO Standards Related OrganizationSRP 1. Spatial Reuse Protocol (fiber optics)

2. Source Routing Protocol

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3. Suggested Retail PriceSRR Search and Rescue Region (COMSAR)SRS 1. Space Research Service

2. Statistical Repository System3. Shared Registry System4. Stimulate Roman Scattering (optical fiber)

SRSC Silkroad Refractive Synchronization CommunicationSRT 1. Station Ringing Transfer

2. Source Route Transparent bridging (Ethernet, TokenRing)

SRTS 1. Synchronous Residual Time Stamp (clock recovery)2. Secondary Request To Send

SRTT Saco River Telegraph & Telephone CompanySRU Search and Rescue Unit (COMSAR)SS 1. Supplementary Services (GSM)

2. Spread Spectrum3. Satellite Switching4. Selection Signal5. Subscriber Station

SS-CDMA Spread-Spectrum CDMA (access)SS-LORAN Skywave-Synchronized LORANSS-TDMA 1. Spread-Spectrum TDMA (access)

2. Satellite-Switched TDMA (access)SS1 Signaling System Number 1SS2 Signaling System Number 2SS7 Signaling System Number 7SSA Serial Storage Architecture (IBM)SSAC13 Signaling System Alternating Current No. 13SSAC15 Signaling System Alternating Current No. 15SSAP Session Service Access PointSSAS Ship Security Alarm System (IMO)SSAT System Software Acceptance TestSSB 1. SingleSideband (modulation)

2. Superframe Short BurstSSB-SC Single-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (modulation)SSB/AM Single-Sideband operation with Amplitude

ModulationSSBW Surface-Skimming Bulk WaveSSCC Selective Sequence Control Computer (IBM)SSCF Service Specific Coordination Function (ISDN)SSCOP Service Specific Connection-Oriented Protocol (ATM)SSCP 1. Service Switching and Control Point (INs)

2. System Services Control Point (networking)SSCS Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (ATM)SSCSG Spread-Spectrum Code Sequence Generator



SSD 1. Shared Secret Data2. Service Selection Dashboard (Cisco)3. Simultaneous Signal Detection4. Solid-State Disk5. Solid-State Drive6. Stop–Start Distortion

SSDA Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm (remotesensing)

SSDH Satellite SDHSSDR Stop–Start Distortion RatioSSE Streaming SIMD Extensions (Intel processors)SSET Switching System Exchange TerminationSSF 1. Service Switching Function (INs)

2. Sub-Service Field (SS7)SSFDC Solid-State Floppy Disk CardSSG Small-Signal GainSSH 1. Secure Shell

2. Security Server Host3. Simultaneous Sample-and-Hold (data acquisition)

SSI 1. Small-Scale Integration (microchips)2. Server Side Includes (code)

SSID Ships’ Station Identification numberSSL Secure Sockets Layer (Internet)SSM 1. Second Surface Mirror

2. Synchronous Status MessageSSMA Spread-Spectrum Multiple AccessSSMF Standard Single-Mode FiberSSML Speech Synthesis Markup Language (programming)SSMM Solid-State Mass MemorySSMP Simple Screen Management ProtocolSSMS Space Spectrum Monitoring SystemSSN 1. Subsystem Number (SS7)

2. Station Serial NumberSSO 1. Single Sign-On (networking)

2. Sun Synchronous Orbit (Sun Microsystems)SSOG Satellite System Operations Guide (Intelsat)SSOP Shrink Small-Outline Package (microchips)SSP 1. Service Switching Point (INs)

2. Signal Switching Point (AINs)3. Storage Service Provider4. Service Signaling Point

SSPA Solid-State Power AmplifierSSPE Single Solid-Phase EpitaxySSPI Society of Satellite Professionals International (U.S.A.)

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SSR 1. SES Status Record2. Solid-State Relay (electronics)3. Secondary Surveillance Radar4. Surface Search Radar5. Scalable Sampling Rate

SSRM Space Segment Resources ManagementSSRP Simple Server Redundancy ProtocolSSRT Sub-Second Response TimeSSS Switching SubsystemsSST 1. Spread-Spectrum Technology

2. Solid-State Technology3. Simultaneous Self-Test4. Standard Star Tracker (remote sensing)

SSTL 1. Stub-Series-Terminated Logic (digital electronics)2. Surrey Satellite Technologies Ltd (U. K.)

SSTO Single Stage To OrbitSSTP Switched Services Transport ProtocolSSTV Slow-Scan TelevisionSSU 1. Subsequent Signal Unit

2. Synchronization Source Unit3. Stratospheric Sounding Unit4. Session Support Utility

SSUC Space Segment Utilization ChargeSSUPS Solid-State UPS (power)SSUS Solid Spanning Upper StageSSV Sub-Supervisory equipmentST 1. Signaling Terminal

2. System Test3. start (signal)4. Stuffing Table (broadcasting)5. Scheduled Transfer6. Straight Tip (connectors)

ST2C Stream protocol version 2CST-Bus Serial Telecom BusSTA 1. Spanning Tree Algorithm (IEEE)

2. Science and Technology Agency3. Special Temporary Authority

STALO Stablized Local Oscillator (electronics)STAR 1. Speech Technology And Research Laboratory

2. Special Telecommunications Action for RegionalDevelopment

STAR TAP Science, Technology, And Research Transit AccessPoint

STATMUX Statistical Multiplexer



STB Set-Top Box (integrated TV receiver decoder)

STC 1. Sub-Technical Committee (ETSI)2. Society of Telecommunications Consultants3. Saudi Telecoms Company (Saudi Arabia)4. System Time Clock5. Sensitivity Time Control6. Supplemental Type Certification (aviation)

STD 1. Subscriber Trunk Dialing (telephone exchange)2. Synchronous Time Division3. standard4. State Transition Diagram

STDM 1. Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing (transmission)2. Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing(transmission)

STE 1. Spanning Tree Explorer2. Special Test Equipment3. Section Terminating Equipment (SONET)4. Syrian Telecommunications Establishment (Syria)

STECS Synchronous Terminal Equipment Control SystemSTEP Short-Term Error PerformanceSTEREO Solar Terrestrial Relations ObservatorySTFS Standard Time and Frequency Signal (service)STG Scale To Gray (graphics)STI 1. Secondary Terrestrial Interface

2. Speech Transmission IndexSTICI Self-Teaching Imperative Communicating Interface

(E-learning)STID Service Termination Identifier (ISDN)STK SIM Toolkit (GSM)STL 1. Standard Template Library (CCC programming)

2. Studio-to-Transmitter Link (broadcast)3. Schottky Transistor Logic (digital electronics)4. Standard Telegraph Level

STM 1. Synchronous Transport Module (MUX)2. Service Traffic Management

STM-0 Synchronous Transport Module level-0 (51.48 Mb/sMUX)



STM-16 Synchronous TransportModule level-16 (2488.32 Mb/sMUX)

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STM-N Synchronous Transport Module level-NSTM-NC Synchronous Transport Module level-N ConcatenatedSTM-RR Synchronous Transport Module for Radio-Relay

(MUX)STMR Sidetone Masked loudness RatingSTN Super-Twisted Nematic display (LCD)STOP Satellite Tracking of PollutersSTP 1. Shielded Twisted Pair (cable)

2. Signaling Transfer Point (SS7)3. Spanning Tree Protocol (Ethernet switching)

STP-A Shielded Twisted Pair-ASTPC Southwest Technical Products CorporationSTR Symbol Timing RecognitionSTRADIS Structured Analysis, Design, and implementation of

Information SystemsSTRICOM Simulation, Training, and Instrumentation Command

(U.S. Army)STRIFE Stress and life (testing)STS 1. Satellite Transportation System

2. Space Transportation System3. Synchronous Transport Signal (SONET)4. Shared Tenant Services

STS-1 Synchronous Transport Signal 1 (SONET)STS-3 Synchronous Transport Signal 3 (SONET)STS-n Synchronous Transport Signal n (SONET)STSC 1. Software Technology Support Center

2. Station-To-Station Connectivity3. Scandinavian Telecommunications Satellite Comittee

STSK Scandinavian Telecommunications Satellite CommitteeSTSP Solar Terrestrial Science Programme (remote sensing)STT 1. Secure Transaction Technology (ICT)

2. Set-Top TerminalSTTL Schottky Transistor-to-Transistor Logic (digital

electronics)STU 1. Secure Telephone Unit

2. Set-Top Unit (TV reception)STU-III Secure Telephone Unit 3rd generationSTUN Serial TunnelSTV 1. Subscriber TV

2. Subscription TVSTW Surface Transverse Wave (microwave)STX 1. Start of Text (control character)

2. Start Transmission



SU 1. Signaling Unit (RF modem)2. Subscriber Unit3. Service User

SUB substitute (character control code)subNMS sub-Network Management SystemSUERM Signal Unit Error Rate Monitor (SS7)SUI Speech User Interface (multimedia)SUIRG Satellite Users Interference Reduction GroupSUMAC Super-HIPPI Media Access ControllerSunOS Sun Microsystems’ variety of Operating SystemSUPARCO Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission

(Pakistan)SUPV SupervisionSUS 1. Station Unit Sharing

2. Silicon Unilateral SwitchSUT 1. System Under Test (ATM)

2. Service User TableSV Supervisory UnitSVC 1. Switched Virtual Circuit (ATM and frame relay)

2. Switched Virtual Connection3. Smart Virtual Circuit4. Soft Virtual Circuit

SVCC Switched Virtual Channel ConnectionSVCD Super Video Compact DiskSVD Simultaneous Voice and DataSVGA Super Video Graphics Adapter (800!600 pixels

monitor)SVHS Super VHS (video format)SVHS-C Super VHS—Compact (video format)SVID System V Interface DefinitionSVIIX Silicon Valley International Internet ExchangeSVN Subscriber Verification Number (ISDN)SVOD Standard Video-On-DemandSVP Surge Voltage ProtectorSVPC Switched Virtual Path ConnectionSVS 1. Short Voice Service (GSM)

2. Switched Voice ServiceSVU Siran Virtual University (Syria)Sw switchSW 1. Short Wave (radio broadcast)

2. Standing Wave3. Station Wire4. switch

SWAC Standard Western Automatic Computer

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SWACT Switch of ActivitySWAG Scientific Wild Ass GuessSWAN Satellite WAN (networking)

SWAP 1. Simple Workflow Access Protocol2. Shared Wireless Access Protocol

SWATS Standard Wireless AT command SetSWC Service Wire CenterSWDL Software DownloadSWEDAC Swedish Board for Technical AccreditationSWHK Switch HookSWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial

TelecommunicationsSwiftBB Swift64 Broadband (Inmarsat)SWIGs Special Working Interest GroupsSWIP Shared Who is Project (ARIN)SWIR Short Wavelength Infrared Radiometer (remote

sensing)SWL Short Wave Listener (amateur radio)SWLing Short Wave Listening (amateur radio)SWLs Short Wave Listeners (amateur radio)SWM Software ModuleSWR Standing-Wave Ratio (transmission lines parameter)SWS Structured Wiring SystemSWVR Standing-Wave Voltage Ratio (transmission lines)SXGA Super-extended Graphics Adapter (1600!1200 pixel

monitors)SXGACC Super-extended Graphics Adapter Plus (1800!1440

monitors)SXS 1. Step-by-Step Switching (telephony)

2. Synchronous Cross-connect SystemSYLK file Symbolic Link file (spreadsheet data)symlink symbolic linkSYN Synchronous idle (character control code)Sync 1. Synchronization

2. Synchronous Control Charactersynchro synchronoussynth synthesizer.sys Name extension for system configuration files

(computer)sysop systems operator (BBS)SYSREQ System Requestsystray system tray (Windows taskbar)SYU Synchronization signal Unit



T t

t time (mathematics)T 1. Symbol for prefix tera-, denoting 240 or 1012

2. Symbol for Tesla (unit of magnetic induction)3. Symbol for Trunk level4. Symbol for Transformer (circuit diagrams)

T Carrier Trunk CarrierT Connector T-shaped ConnectorTPAD Terminal Packet Assembler/DisassemblerT&A Test and AcceptT&C Telemetry and Command (satcom)T&E Technology and Evaluation LabT&EC Tests and Evaluation Center (Intelsat)T&L Teaching and Learning (e-learning)T&M Test and MeasurementT&T Thrane and Thrane (company)T-Berd Another name for T-1 CarrierT-BGA Tape Ball Grid Array (microchips)T-Bird Another name for T-1 CarrierT-Carrier Trunk Carrier (T-1 and T-2)T-CCS Transparent Common Channel SignalingT-channel TDMA channelT-Load Technology Load

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T-1 The North American Trunk Carrier level-1 transmissionline operating at 1.544 Mbps

T-1 CAS T-1 Channel-Associated SignalingT-1C Trunk level-1 CombinedT-2 The North American standard for Digital Signal level-2

transmission line operating at 6.312 MbpsT-3 The North American standard for Digital Signal level-3

transmission line operating at 44.736 MbpsT-4 The North American standard for Digital Signal level-4

transmission line operating at 274.176 MbpsT/H Track and HoldT/R Transmit and ReceiveT/V Thermal VacuumT2L Transistor–Transistor Logic (digital electronics)T3POS Transaction Processing Protocol for Point Of SaleTA 1. Terminal Adapter (ISDN)

2. Terminal Acquisition3. Timing Advance (GSM)4. Technical Assembly (ETSI)5. Technical Advisory (Telcordia Technologies)6. Telecommunication Administration7. Transistor Amplifier

TAAPM Two-Axis Antenna Positioning Mechanism (Intelsat)TAB 1. Tone Above Band

2. Tape-Automated Bonding3. Technical Application Bulletin

TABS Telemetry Asynchronous Block Serial protocol (AT&T)TAC 1. Test Access Controller

2. Terminal Access Controller3. Type Approval Code (GSM mobile station)

TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access Control System(IETF)

tacan tactical air navigation (military)TACC Tracking And Control CenterTACOS Transmission Accurate-purchase Control SystemTACS Total Access Communications System (cell phone

standard)TACSAT Tactical Satellite (U.S.A.)TACSIM Tactical Simulation (military)TACT Trend Analysis for Circuit TroublesTAD Telephone Answering DeviceTADIL Tactical Data Information Link (military)TADIXS Tactical Data Information Exchange System (military)TADM Traffic Analysis Data Management



TADS 1. Teletypewriter Automatic Dispatch System2. Test And Display System

TADSS Tactical Automatic Digital Switching System(messaging)

TAE Trans-Asia Europe (Cable Consortium)TAF 1. Targeted Accessibility Fund

2. Terminal Adaptation Function (GSM)TAFAS Trunk Answer From Any StationTAG Technical Advisory Group (GSM)TAI International Atomic TimeTAL Telephone Acoustic LossTALI Tekelec Adaptation Layer Interface (Tekelec)TAM 1. Telephone Answering Machine

2. Telephone Account Management3. Telephony Access Module4. Telecommunication Access Method5. Total Assignment Message (Intelsat)

TANC 1. Thrust Actuated Nutation Damping Control (Intelsat)2. Thruster Active Nutation Control (Intelsat)

TANDM Traffic Analysis Data ManagementTANE Telephone Association of New EnglandTAO 1. Telephony Application Object

2. Track At Once (CD data storage)TAP 1. Transit Access Point

2. Test Access Part3. Transferred Account Procedure (GSM)4. Telocator Alphanumeric Protocol (messaging)5. Terrain Analysis Package (software)6. Two-step Approval Process (ETSI)

TAPAC Terminal Attachment Program Advisory CommitteeTAPI Telephony Application Program InterfaceTAPS TETRA Advanced Packet Service.tar Name extension for the TAR program files (computer)TAR 1. Total Accounting Rate

2. Tape ArchiveTARD Towed Active Radar DeviceTARE Telegraph Automatic Relay EquipmentTARGA Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics AdapterTARM Telephone Answering and Recording MachineTARP Target ID Address Resolution Protocol (SONET)TARS Turn Around Ranging StationTAS 1. Telecommunication Authority of Singapore

2. Telephone Answering Service3. Terminal Acquisition Support


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TASC Telecommunications Alarm, Surveillance, andControl system

TASI Time Assignment Speech Interpolation (telephonetechnique)

TASO Television Advisory Standards OrganizationTAT Trans-Atlantic Telephone (cable)TAV Transverse Acoustic-wave VoltageTAXI Transparent Asynchronous Transmitter and

Receiver InterfaceTb Terabit (240 or 1024 times gigabit)TB 1. Terabyte

2. Traffic Burst3. Transparent Bridging (ATM)

TB/s Terabyte per secondTB1 Traffic Burst 1TBn Traffic Burst nTBA 1. Transmit Burst Acquisition

2. To Be Announced later onTBB 1. Transnational Broadband Backbone

2. Telecommunications Bonding BackboneTBBIBC TBB Interconnecting Bonding ConductorTBC To Be Confirmed later onTBD 1. To Be Defined later on

2. To Be Decided later onTBE Transient Buffer Exposure (number of cells)TBM Transport Bandwidth Manager (Northern Telecom)TBOP Transparent Bit-Oriented ProtocolTBOS Telemetry Byte-Oriented Serial (protocol)TBR 1. Technical Basis for Regulation (ETSI)

2. Timed BreakTBS Transmit Burst SynchronizationTC 1. Transmission Control code

2. Transmission Convergence (ATM)3. Tandem Connection4. transcoder5. Terrestrial Channel6. Toll Center7. Temperature Coefficient (electronics)8. telecommand9. Time Committed (frame relay)10. Timing Clock11. Telecommunications Closet12. Technical Committee (ETSI)13. Transmission Coefficient (parameter)



TC SMG Technical Committee, Special Mobile Group (ETSI)TC&F Telecom Certification & Filing, Inc.TC&R Telemetry, Command, and RangingTCA 1. Telecommunications Association (U.S.A.)

2. Target Channel Adapter (fiber optics)3. Threshold Crossing Alert

TCAM Telecommunications Access Method (IBM)TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part (SS7)TCAS 1. T-Carrier Administration System

2. Traffic Alert and Collision and Avoidance SystemTCB Trusted Computer BaseTCC 1. Trunk Control Circuit

2. Temperature Coefficient of Capacitance(electronics)3. Telephone Country Code

TCCF Tactical Communications Control FacilityTCCGB Telephone Card Club of Great BritainTCCM Total Country Connectivity MeasureTCE 1. Thomson Consumer Electronics (company)

2. Technical Computing Environment3. Thermal Coefficient of Expansion

TCF 1. Training Check Frame2. Technical Control Facility

TCG Teleport Communications Group (SONET)TCH Traffic Channel (GSM)TCI 1. Telecommunications, Inc. (company)

2. Telecommunications Company of Iran (operator)TCIC 1. Telecommunication & Computer Industries

Consortium (Iran)2. Trunk Circuit Identification Code (SS7)

TCIF Telecommunications Industry Forum (standardsorganization)

TCL 1. Tool Command Language (programming)2. Terminal Coupling Loss

TCLw Weighted Terminal Coupling LossTCL/TK Tool Command Language ToolkitTCLE Temperature Coefficient of Linear ExpansionTCM 1. Trellis-Coded Modulation

2. Time-Compression Multiplexing (transmission)3. Traveling Class Mark4. Telecommunications Manager

TCM-4D Trellis-Coded Modulation 4-DimensionalTCN Table of Collective NumbersTCNS Thomas Conrad Networking System


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TCO 1. Tandem Connection Overhead (SONET)2. Total Cost of Ownership (Network Computer)

TCP 1. Transmission Control Protocol (ARPAnet)2. Termination Connection Point3. Tape Carrier Package (microchips)

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(DARPA)

TCPA Telephone Consumer Protection ActTCR 1. Transaction Confirmation Report

2. Telemetry, Command, and Ranging (Intelsat)3. Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (electronics)4. Tagged Cell Rate (ATM)

TCS 1. Transmission Convergence Sublayer (ATM)2. Tactical Communications System3. Traffic Control System

TCSF Telecommunications and Customer Service Forum(Canada)

TCTS Trans-Canada Telephone SystemTCU 1. Timing Control Unit

2. Teletypewriter Control Unit3. Telematics Control Unit4. Table of Closed User group

TCUA Terminal Control Unit for A-interfaceTCV Table of Address ConversionTCVXO Temperature-Compensated Voltage-controlled Crystal

OscillatorTCW Taping Command WordTCXO Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator

(electronics)TD 1. Time Division

2. Time Delay3. Tunnel Diode (electronics)

TD-CDMA Time Division CDMA (access)TD-SCDMA Time Division Synchronous CDMA (access)TDAC Time Domain Alias CancellationTDAS Traffic Data Administration SystemTDC 1. Time Division Controller

2. Table of Dial CodesTDCS Theater Deployable Communications SystemTDD 1. Telecommunications Device for the Deaf

2. Time Division Demultiplexed (cellular networks)3. Time Division Duplexing (transmission)

TDDRA Telephone Disclosure and Dispute Resolution ActTDDS Time Division Duplex System



TDE Time Delay EqualizerTDEL Technical Development and Evaluation LaboratoryTDEV Time DeviationTDF 1. Trunk Distributing Frame

2. Transborder Data Flow3. Telediffusion de France

TDHS Time Domain Harmonic ScalingTDI 1. Trade Data Interchange

2. Transmit Digital IntertieTDM 1. Time Division Multiplexing (transmission)

2. Trunk Data ModuleTDM0 Primary NCS TDM carrier (transmission)TDM1 Secondary NCD TDM carrier (transmission)TDMA Time Division Multiple AccessTDMA/RA TDMA with Random Assignment (access)TDMA/SS TDMA with Satellite Switching (access)TDMA-3 A TDMA system supporting 3 calls in a single carrier

(access)TDMA-6 A TDMA system supporting 6 calls in a single carrier

(access)TDMQPSK Time DivisionMultiplexQuadrature PSK (modulation)TDMS 1. Time Division Multiplex System

2. Technical Document Management System3. Transmission Distortion Measuring Set

TDOA Time Difference Of Arrival (radio direction finding)TDP 1. Telocator Data Protocol

2. Tag Distribution Protocol3. Transmit Digital Processing (circuit)

TDQM Total Data Quality ManagementTDR 1. Time-Domain Reflectometer (test equipment)

2. Temperature-Dependent Resistor (electronics)TDRS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (remote sensing)TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (NASA)TDS 1. Test-case Definition System

2. Time Division Switching3. Terrestrial Data Service4. Terrestrial Digital Service5. Transmission Data Service

TDSAI Transit Delay Selection And IndicationTDT 1. Total Delay Time

2. Time and Data Table (broadcasting)TDU 1. Tape Drive Unit

2. Topology Database UpdateTDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar


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TE 1. Terminal Equipment (ISDN)2. Terminal Endpoint3. Transit Exchange4. Trunk Exchange5. Telecom Egypt (operator)6. Transverse Electric waveform (waveguides)

TE1 Terminal Equipment type 1 (ISDN)TE2 Terminal Equipment type 2 (ISDN)TEA Transferred Electron Amplifier (electronics)TEA laser Transversely-Excited Atmospheric-pressure laserTEC 1. Total ionospheric Electron Content

2. Thermo-Electric Cooler3. Thermal Electric Cooler4. Telecommunications and Electronic Consortium

TECF Traffic Editor Control FileTED 1. Threshold Extension Demodulator

2. Transferred Electron Device3. Transmission Electron-Diffraction contrastmicroscopy4. Traffic Engineering Database (fiber optics)5. Trunk Encryption Device

TEDIS Trade Electronic Data Interchange System (ICT)TEF Telecommunications Entrance FacilityTEFG Terminal Endpoint Functional GroupTEGFET Two-dimensional Electron Gas FET (semiconductors)TEHO Tail End Hop-Off (traffic engineering)TEI Terminal Endpoint Identifier (ISDN)TEK Traffic Encryption KeyTEL telephoneTELCOs Telephone CompaniesTELEC Telecom Engineering Center (company)telecast television broadcast (transmission)Telecom telecommunicationsTelecoms telecommunicationsTELESA Telecom Services Association ( Japan)TELESAT Canadian Domestic Satellite Telecommunications

Systemteleran television radar air navigationTelex Teletypewriter exchange (service)TELNet Teletypewriter Network protocol (DARPA)TELRIC Total Element Long-Run Incremental CostTELSET Telephone SetTEM 1. Transverse Electromagnetic waveform (waveguides)

2. Transmission Electron Microscope



TEMCO Telecommunications Equipment ManufacturingCompany (Iran)

tempco temperature coefficientTEN 1. Transformer Exciting Network

2. Trans-European Telecommunications NetworkTENet Texas Educational Network (e-learning)TEO 1. Transferred Electron Oscillator

2. Telephone Equipment OrderTERENA Trans-European Research and Education Networking

Association (e-learning)TERM 1. Telegraph Error Rate Measuring (equipment)

2. Terminal ModeTERRA Tandem Accelerator for Environmental and Radar and

Radiolocation Analysis (remote sensing)TES Test Execution SystemTESC Technology Sub-CommitteeTESP Telecommunications Electric Service PriorityTET Telegraph End Terminal (equipment)TETRA 1. Terrestrial Trunked Radio (new name)

2. Trans-European Trunked Radio system (old name)TeV Teraelectronvolt (1012 eV)TEW Trapped Electromagnetic WaveTexel Texture element (textured 3D objects)TF 1. Time signals and Frequency standards emission

2. Transfer Function (mathematics)TFD Thin-Film Detector (semiconductors)TFEL Thin-Film Electro-luminescent (semiconductors)TFF Thin-Film FilterTFJ Television Francaise Juvie (broadcaster)TFL Thin-Film LaserTFLOPS Tera (one trillion) Floating-point Operations

(computer speed)TFM Tamed Frequency ModulationTFOM 1. Thin-Film Optical Modulator

2. Thin-Film Optical MultiplexerTFOS Thin-Film Optical SwitchTFOW Thin-Film Optical WaveguideTFT Thin-Film Transistor (semiconductors)TFTP Trivial File Transfer ProtocolTFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone SystemTFU Time and Frequency UnitTG 1. Task Group (IEEE)

2. Trunk Group (switching)3. Terminator Group


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.tga Name extension for Targa format files (graphics)TGA Short form for Targa (raster graphics file format)TGB 1. Trunk Group Busy (switching)

2. Telecommunications Grounding BusbarTGC Transmission Group Control (IBM SNA)TGE Terminator Group—type ETGF 1. Terminator Group—type F

2. Through Group FilterTGM Trunk Group MultiplexerTGS Test-case Generation SystemTGW Trunk Group WarningTH Transmission Header (SNA)THAAD Theater High-Altitude Area DefenseTHB Temperature Humidity BiasTHD Total Harmonic Distortion (parameter)THDCN Total Harmonic Distortion plus NoiseTHEOS Thai Earth Observation System (Thailand)thermistor thermal resistor (electronics)THF Tremendously High Frequency (300–3000 GHz

range)THI Telephone Handset Integratorthicknet thick Ethernet coaxial cablethinnet thin Ethernet coaxial cableTHL Trans-Hybrid LossTHz Terahertz (1012 Hz)TI 1. Terrestrial Interface

2. Transaction Identifier (GSM)TIA 1. Telecommunications Industry Association (U.S.A.)

2. Time-Interval Analyzer3. International Atomic Time

TIB Tone-In-Band (modulation)TIBS Tactical Information Broadcast ServiceTIC 1. Terminal International Center

2. Token-Ring Interface Coupler (IBM)3. Telecommunications Infrastructure Company(Iran)

TIC Trunk Tandem InterLATA Connecting TrunkTICL Temperature-Induced Cable LossTID 1. Terminal Identification (ISDN)

2. Target IdentifierTIE 1. Telephone Interconnect Equipment

2. Terrestrial Interface Equipment3. Trusted Information Environment (encryption)4. Time-Interval Error



TIES 1. Time Independent Escape Sequence (modems)2. Telecom Information Equipment and Services

.tif Name extension for TIF image files (graphics)TIF 1. Tagged Image File (image format)

2. Terminal Interface nodeTIFF Tagged Image File Format (graphics)TIFF-F Tagged Image File Format—Fax (graphics)TIGA Texas Instruments Graphics ArchitectureTIIAP Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure

Assistance ProgramTIM 1. Terrestrial Interface Module

2. Teletyper Input Method3. Telecom Italia Mobile4. Trace Identifier Mismatch5. Telecom Italia Mobile (Italian GSM operator)

TIMA The Interactive Media AllianceTIMS Transmission Impairment Measurement SetTiN Titanium Nitride (semiconductors)TINA Telecommunications Information Networking

Architecture (TMN)TINA-C Telecommunications Information Networking

Architecture Consortium (TMN)TINS Thermal Imaging Navigation SetTIP 1. Transaction Internet Protocol

2. TETRA Interoperability Profile3. Terminal Interface Processor

TIPHON Telecommunications and IP Harmonization OverNetworks (ETSI)

TIPI Telephone Industry Price IndexTIQ Telrate International QuotationsTIR Total Indicated ReadingTIRKS Trunks Integrated Records Keeping System (Telcordia

Technologies)TIROS Television Infrared Observation Satellite (U.S.A.)TIS Technical Information SheetTISOC Telecom Industry ServicesOperatingCenter (Bell

Atlantic)TISSS Tester Independent Software Support System (DoD

program)TIU Terrestrial Interface UnitTJF Test Jack Frame (PBX)TL 1. Tie Line (power system)

2. Transmission Level3. Transport Layer


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TL1 Transaction Language 1TLB 1. Terminal Loop-Back

2. Test Loop-Back3. Translation-Look-aside Buffer

TLD Top-Level Domain (Internet)TLDN Temporary Local Directory Number (wireless

networks)TLEC Terminating Local Exchange CarrierTLF Trunk Link Frame (crossbar exchanges)TLI Transport Layer InterfaceTLM 1. telemetry

2. Transmission Line Matrix3. Triple-Layer Metal

TLMA Telematic Agent (X.400)TLP Transmission Level PointTLS 1. Transparent LAN Service

2. Transport Layer Security (protocol)3. Telemetry Land Station

TLSU Token-Ring LAN Service Unit (ATM)TLV Type-Length-Value (encoding rules)TLX telexTM 1. Tracking Module

2. Traffic Management (network events)3. Trouble Management (ATM)4. Transverse Magnetic waveform (waveguides)5. Terminating Multiplexer (SONET)6. Terminal Mobility7. Thematic Mapper (remote sensing)8. telemetry9. Transverse Magnetic (wave)

TM/TC Telemetry and TelecommandTMA 1. Telecommunication Managers Association

2. Tower Mounted AmplifierTMC 1. TimeslotManagement Channel (cordless messaging)

2. Tracking Mode Coupler (antenna, earth station)3. Traffic Management Center4. Transfer Mode Converter

TMD Tactical MAP DisplayTME Telocator Message Entry (protocol)TMF Telemanagement Forum (U.S. standards organization)TMGB Telecommunications Main Grounding BusbarTMGT telemanagementTMI TRMM Microwave Imager (remote sensing)TMIB Traffic Message Interchange Bus



TML Telephony Markup Language (programming)TMN 1. Telecommunications Management Network

2. Telecomunicacoes Moveis Nacionais (Portugal GSMoperator)3. Traffic Management Network

TMP 1. Test Management Protocol (ATM)2. Theoretical Mid-Point (private line circuit)

TMR Trunked Mobile RadioTMRC Technology Marketing and Research CouncilTMRS Traffic Measurement and Recording SystemTMS 1. Time Multiplexed Switch (AT&T)

2. Times Microwave Systems (company)3. TOPS Message Switch4. Trouble Management System5. Teleport Monitoring System (Intelsat)6. Transmission Measuring Set

TMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (GSM)TMSL Test and Measurement Systems LanguageTMU Terminal Make-UpTMUX transmultiplexerTN 1. Telephone Number

2. Time slot Number (GSM)3. Terminal Number (Nortel)4. Transit Network5. Twister Nematic (display technology)

TNA Telematics Network for AdministrationsTNC Treaded Naval ConnectorTNDS Total Network Data SystemTNID Terrestrial Network Identification codeTNL Terminal Net LossTNLCD Twisted-Nematic Liquid-Crystal DisplayTNPP Telocator Network Paging ProtocolTNR Transmission Not ReadyTNS Transit Network Selection (ATM)TNSP Transmission Network Service ProviderTNT Transparent Networking Transport (service)TNX 1. Tetra Node Exchange

2. Thanks (Morse code transmissions)TO 1. Telecommunication Operator

2. Transmit Only3. Tandem Office4. Toll Office5. Time Out (protocols)

TOA/NPI Type Of Address/Numbering Plan Identifier


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TOC Technical Operating CenterTOCC Technical and Operational Control Center (Intelsat)TOD Time Of DayTOF 1. Time Out Factor (ATM)

2. Top-Of-FileTOGAF The Open Group Architectural FrameworkTOH Transport Overhead (SONET)TU Teraohm (electronics)TOI Third-Order InterceptTOK Test OkayTOM 1. Thin-film Optical Modulator

2. Thin-film Optical Multiplexer3. Telecom Operations Map

TOMS Total Ozone Mapping SpectrometerTOP 1. Technical and Office Protocol (Ethernet)

2. Thin Outline PackageTOPS 1. Traffic Operator Position System (Northern

Telecom)2. Transfer Orbit and Payload-testing Support

ToS Type of Service (DARPA)TOS 1. Transfer Orbit Stage (satcom)

2. Thin-film Optical SwitchTOSR Telecommunications Office of Shovak RepublicTOVS TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (remote sensing)TOW Thin-film Optical WaveguideTP 1. Twisted Pair

2. Transport Protocol (ISO)3. Tunneling Protocol (VPNs)4. Transition Point5. transponder (satcom)6. Test Point7. Toll Plant8. Transaction Processing

TP monitor Transaction Processing monitorTP-DDI Twisted-Pair Distributed Data InterfaceTP-MIC Twisted-Pair Media Interface ConnectorTP-PMD Twisted-Pair Physical Media Dependent technologyTP0 Transmission Protocol 0 (OSI model)TP4 1. Transmission Protocol 4 (OSI model)

2. Transport Protocol class 4 (ISO)TPA Telephone Pioneers of AmericaTPAD Terminal Packet Assembler/DisassemblerTPC 1. Turbo Port Card

2. TOPS Position Controller



3. Transaction Processing Council4. Transmit Power Control

TPC-D Transaction Processing Council Benchmark-DTPCC Third-Party Call Control (ATM)TPDDI Twisted-Pair Distributed Data InterfaceTPDU Transport Protocol Data Unit (OSI model)TPEX Twisted-Pair Ethernet TransceiverTPF Twists Per Foot (wires and cables)TPG Test Pattern Generator (TV broadcast)TPI 1. Tracks Per Inch (data recording parameter)

2. Telephone Plant IndexTPM 1. Traffic Processor Module

2. Total Productive Maintenance3. Teleprocessing Monitor4. Terminating Point Masterfile5. Transactions Per Minute (ICT)

TPMR Trunked Professional Mobile RadioTPN Totally Private NetworkTPOA Telecommunications Private Operating AgencyTPON Telephony over Passive Optical NetworkTPOS Training, Planning & Operational Support (NCS)TPQFP Test-Pad Quad Flat Pack (microchips)TPR transponderTPRC Telecommunications Policy Research ConferenceTPS 1. Telephone Preference Service

2. Television Par Satellite (France)TPU Time Processor UnitTPV Third-Party Verification (FCC)TPWG Technology Policy Working GroupTQ Toll QualityTQC Total Quality Control (of products)TQFP Thin Quad Flat Pack (microchips)TQM Total Quality of Management (ICT)TR 1. Technical Requirement

2. Token Ring (LANs)3. Trouble Report4. Technical Reference (Telcordia Technologies)5. transistor (circuit diagrams)6. Transfer Request7. Transmit–Receive8. Transient Response

TR tube Transmit–Receive tubeTRA 1. Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Egypt)

2. Telecommunications Resellers Association (U.S.A.)


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TRAC Technical Recommendations Application Committeetracert trace route (routing)TRACON Terminal Radar Approach ControlTRADACOMS Trading Data CommunicationsTRAM 1. Transputer RAM (memory)

2. Transimpedance Amplifiertransceiver transmitter and receiverTRANSEC Transmission Securitytransistor transfer resistortransponder transmitter responder (satcom)transputer transistor computerTRAP 1. Tandem Recursive Algorithm Process

2. Tactical Receive Application Protocal (military)TRAPATT Trapped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transitor

(semiconductors)TRAU Transcoding and Rate Adaptation Unit (GSM voice

coding)TRC 1. Transit Routing Control Table

2. Transverse Redundancy Check (data streams)TRCO Trouble Reporting Central OfficeTRD Technical Requirement DocumentTRE Telecommunications Research EstablishmentTREE Transient Radiation Effects on ElectronicsTREES Tropical Ecosystems Environment observation by

SatelliteTREX Transmission ExpertTREG Telecommunications Regulatory E-mail GrapevineTRF 1. Tracking & Receiving Facility

2. Tuned Radio Frequency (circuit)TRFR transferTRG Technical Review GroupTRI-CWDM Tri-Color Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (fiber

optic lines)triac triode AC (semiconductor switch)TRIB tributaryTRIBES Tri-Band Earth Station (CMI)triode A three-electrode electron tubeTRIP 1. Telephone Routing over IP (protocol)

2. Token-Ring Interface ProcessorTRIS Tactical Reconnaissance Intelligence ServiceTrL Transmission LineTRL 1. Transistor–Resistor Logic (digital electronics)

2. Through-Reflect-Line (calibration)TRM 1. Technical Reference Model



2. transmitter3. terminal4. Terminal Mode5. Terminal Multiplexer

TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (remote sensing)TRMS Transmission Resource Management SystemTRN Token-Ring NetworkTRO Temporary Restraining OrderTRS 1. Telecommunication Relay Service

2. Telephone Relay Service3. Trunked Radio System4. Tip, Ring, Sleeve (cables)

TRT Timing Reference TransponderTRU Tone Receiver Unit (telephone set)TRX 1. transceiver (Transmitter and Receiver)

2. Transmission and Reception UnitTRxxx Technical Reference numberTS 1. Transport Stream (ATM)

2. Traffic Shaping (ATM)3. Technical Specification4. Time Stamp (ATM)5. Time Slot (switching)6. Time Sharing7. Transaction Server8. Transmission Scheme9. Toll Switch

TS3 Time Stamp version 3 (ATM)TSA 1. Time Slot Allocation

2. Time Slot Assignment3. Tapered-Slot Antenna4. Telecommunications System Architecture

TSAC Time-Slot Assigner CircuitTSACC Telecommunications Standards Advisory Council of

CanadaTSAG Telecommunications Standardization Advisory GroupTSAP Transport Service Access Point (OSI model)TSAPI Telephony Services Application Programming

Interface (AT&T)TSAT T-1 Small Aperture Terminal (satcom)TSB 1. Telecommunications Standardization Bureau

(ITU-T)2. Telecommunications System Bulletin

TSC 1. Transit Switching Center2. Training Sequence Code (GSM)


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3. Transport Stream Combiner (TV broadcast)4. TDM-Switched Capable (GMPLS)5. Two-Six Code6. Transmission System Construction7. Technical Service Centers

TSCM Technical Surveillance CountermeasuresTSDU Transport Service Data Unit (OSI model)TServer Telephony ServerTSF 1. Through Supergroup Filter

2. Telecoms Sans Frontiers (France)3. Trail Signal Failure (MUX)

TSG Time Signal GeneratorTSI 1. Time Slot Interchange

2. Transmitting Subscriber Information3. Telecommunication System Integration

TSIC Time Slot Interchange Circuit (PCM)TSIU Time Slot Interchange Unit (switching)TSK Transmission Security KeyTSM 1. TDMA System Monitor

2. Terminal Server Manager3. Telecommunications System Management4. Topology-Specific Module (networking)

TSO 1. Time Sharing Operation2. Time Sharing Option (IBM)3. Telecommunications System Operator4. Technical Support Operations

TSOP Thin Small-Outline Package (microchips)TSP 1. Telecommunications Service Priority (FCC)

2. Technical Support Planning3. Transport Stream Processor4. Temperature-Sensitive Parameter5. Telematics Service Provider

TSPS Traffic Service Position SystemTSR 1. Terminate-and-Stay-Resident (programs)

2. Telephone Service Representative (agent)3. Telecommunications Service Request4. Tag Switching Router

TSRM Telecommunication Standards Reference ManualTSS 1. Telecommunication Support System

2. Telecommunication Standard Section (ITU)3. Traffic Scheduling System4. Time Space Switch

TSSI Time Slot Sequence IntegrityTSSOP 1. Thin-Scaled Small-Outline Package (microchips)



2. Thin-Shrink Small-Outline Package (microchips)TST 1. Time–Space–Time system (switching)

2. testTSTN Triple Super-Twisted Nematic (display technology)TSTS Transaction Switching and Transport ServiceTSU Tone Sender Unit (telephone set)TSW Transmit SwitchTT 1. Traffic Terminal

2. True Type (Windows fonts)3. Touch-Tone4. Transaction Time5. Tunisie Telecom (Tunisia)6. Turk Telecom (operator)

TT&C 1. Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (satellites)2. Telemetry, Tracking, and Control Center (Intelsat)

TT&P Technical Training and PublicationsTTA Telecommunications Technology AssociationTTAB Transparent Tone Above BandTTC 1. Transmit Timing Controller

2. Telecommunications TechnologyCommittee (Japan)3. Time-To-Collection (data acquisition)

TTC&M Telemetry, Tracking, Command, and Monitoring(satellites)

TTCP Test TCPTTD True Time Delay (phase shifters)TTF Transport Termination FunctionTTI 1. Transmit Terminal Identification (fax machine)

2. Team Telecom InternationalTTIA Telecommunications Technology Investment ActTTIB Transparent Tone In BandTTL 1. Transistor–Transistor Logic (digital electronics)

2. Time-To-Live (packet data transmission)TTMF Trunk Type Master File (MCI)TTP 1. Trail Termination Point

2. Trusted Third Party (contracts)TTR Touch-Tone ReceiverTTRT Target Token Rotation Time (FDDI)TTS 1. Text-To-Speech Synthesis

2. Transaction Tracking System (networking)TTTN Tandem Tie Trunk NetworkTTX Teletypewriter Exchange (service)TTY teletype (or teletypewriter)TTY OW Teletypewriter Order-WireTU 1. Traffic Unit


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2. Transmit Unit3. Terminal Unit4. Tributary Unit (MUX)5. Traveling User (SDNS)

TUA Telecommunications Users Association (U.K.)TUANZ Telecommunications Users Association of New

ZealandTUBA TCP and UDP with Bigger Address (Internet)TUC 1. Total User Cell (ATM)

2. Total User CallsTUG 1. Telecommunication User Group

2. Tributary Unit Group (MUX)TUI Telephone User InterfaceTUP 1. Telephone User Part (SS7)

2. Transponder Uplink system (satcom)TUR 1. Traffic Usage Recorder

2. Trunk Utilization ReportTURN The Utilities Reform NetworkTUST Tunneling and Underground Space TechnologyTUV Technischer Uberwachungs-Verein (Germany)TV 1. television

2. Technical VulnerabilityTV/PC TV with PC smarts (Microsoft)TVC Trunk Verification by CustomerTVE Transversal EqualizerTVI Television InterferenceTVM Time-Varying Media (SCSA)TVOR Terminal VHF Omni-RangeTVRO Television Receive-Only (broadcasting)TVS 1. Trunk Verification by Station

2. Transient Voltage SuppressorTVSS Transient Voltage Surge SuppressorTWA 1. Traveling-Wave Amplifier (electronics)

2. Two-Way Alternate (communication system)TWAIN Toolkit Without An Interesting Name

(scanners standard)TWAT Traveling-Wave Amplifier Tube (electronics)TWC Two-Wire CircuitTWS 1. Two-Way Simultaneous (transmission)

2. Track-While-ScanTWT Traveling-Wave Tube (microwave)TWTA Traveling-Wave Tube AmplifierTWX Teletypewriter Exchange (service)TX 1. transmit or transmission



2. transmitter3. Transit Exchange (switching)4. Terminal Exchange

TXD Transmit-Data (RS232 signal)Tx/Rx Transmitter and Receiver.txt Name extension for ASCII text files (computer)


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U u

U Symbol for radiation intensity (antennas)U Frame Unnumbered FrameU Plane User Plane (ATM)U-band Optical Frequency band ranging from 1625 to 1675 nmU-C User Central (ADSL)U-NII Unlicensed-National Information InfrastructureU-R User Remote (ADSL)U/C Up-Converter (satcom)U/D Up/Down Chain (Intelsat)U/L Up-LinkUA 1. Unnumbered Acknowledge response (X.25)

2. User Agent (OSI Application)UAC User Agent Client (OSI Application)UADSL Universal Asymmetrical DSL (access)UAE 1. User Access Equipment

2. User Agent Entity (message systems)UAEnic United Arab Emirates network information centerUAF Universal Active Filter (electronics)UAL User Agent Layer (OSI model)UAMPT Union of African and Malagasy Post and

TelecommunicationsUAN Universal Access Number (INs)UAPT Union of African Post and Telecommunications

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U

347

UARS Upper Atmospheric Research SatelliteUART Universal Asynchronous Receiver–Transmitter

(computer chips)UARTO United Arab Republic Telecommunications

OrganizationUAS 1. User Agent Server (OSI Application)

2. Unified Antenna StructureUASs Unavailable SecondsUAT User Acceptance TestingUAV 1. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2. Unpiloted Aerial VehicleUAWG Universal ADSLWorking GroupUAX Unit Automatic ExchangeUBR Unspecified Bit Rate (ATM)UBS Uninterruptible Battery SystemUC 1. Unified Communications

2. Universal Controller3. Unit Controller4. Unit Call5. User Channel

UCA Utility Communications ArchitectureUCAID University Corporation for Advanced Internet

DevelopmentUCB Unit Control BusUCC Uniform Commercial CodeUCD Uniform Call DistributorUCF UNIX Computing ForumUCITA Uniform Computer Information Transaction ActUCM 1. Universal Call Model (SS7 routing)

2. Universal Controller ModuleUCS 1. Uplink Control System (software)

2. Universal Character SetUCT Universal Coordinated TimeUDC 1. Universal Digital Carrier

2. Universal Device Connector3. Universal Data Classification

UDDI Universal Description Discovery and Integration(e-commerce)

UDF Universal Disk Format (GIS imaging)UDI Unrestricted Digital Information (ISDN)UDK Universal Dialing Keyset (GTE)

UDLC 1. Universal Digital Loop Carrier2. Universal Data-Link Control (protocol)



UDLR Uni-Directional Link RoutingUDLT Universal Digital Loop TransceiverUDMA Ultra-DMAUDOP Ultimate Dumb, Open Programmable (switches)UDP 1. User Datagram Protocol (Internet)

2. Unacknowledged Datagram Protocol (Internet)UDP/IP User Datagram Protocol /Internet ProtocolUDPU Universal Data Patch UnitUDSL Unidirectional High bit-rate DSL (access)UDT Uniform Data Transfer (OLE technology)UDTS Universal Data Transfer Service (Intelsat)UDTV Ultra-Definition Television (broadcasting)UDWDM Ultra-Dense Wavelength-Division MultiplexingUECT Universal Encoding Conversion TechnologyUEM Universal Equipment Module (Northern Telecom)UEPS Unit Eruptible Power SupplyUER Undeleted Error RatioUET Unattended Earth TerminalUFB Unfit For Broadcast (Intelsat)UFMOP Unintentional Frequency Modulation On PulseUFO UHF Follow-OnUFOs Unidentified Flying ObjectsUFSS Upstream Failed Signal StateUG Under-GroundUGWG User Glossary Working Group (Internet)UHF Ultra-High Frequency (300 MHz to 3 GHz range)UHTP Unidirectional Hypertext Transfer ProtocolUHV 1. Ultra-High Voltage (power)

2. Ultra-High VacuumUI 1. User Interface (GSM)

2. Unnumbered Information3. Unix International (consortium)

UICC Universal Integrated Circuit CardUID User IDUIFN Universal International Freephone NumberUIL User Interface LanguageUIM Universal Identity ModuleUIR 1. Upper flight Information Region (aviation)

2. Uniform Impedance ResonatorUIS Universal Information Services (AT&T)UIT Union Internationale Des TelecommunicationsUJT Uni-Junction Transistor (semiconductors)UKERNA United Kingdom Education and Research Networking

Association (e-learning)


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UKISC United Kingdom Industrial Space Committee (U.K.)UKNet University of Kentucky’s campus NetworkUKOLN U.K Office for Library and Information Networking

(ICT)UL Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (U.S. standards

organization)ULANA Unified Local Area Network Architecture (U.S. Air

Force)ULF Ultra-Low-Frequency (300–3000 Hz range)ULH Ultra-Long-Haul (fiber optics)ULL Ultra-Low-Loss (optical fibers))ULP Upper Layer Protocol (OSI model)ULS User Location ServiceULSI Ultra-Large-Scale Integration (microchips)UM 1. Unified Messaging

2. Unit Manager3. Unintentional Modulation

UMA 1. Upper Memory Area (computer)2. Unlicensed Mobile Access

UMB Upper Memory Block (computer)UME UNI Management Entity (ATM)UMIB Utility Message Interchange BusUMIG Universal Messaging Interoperability GroupUML Unified Modeling Language (programming)UMS 1. Universal Messaging Service

2. Unified Messaging ServiceUMSP Unified Memory Space ProtocolUMTS UniversalMobileTelecommunicationsSystem(Europe)UMTSF UMTS Forum (wireless)UN United NationsUNA Unified Network ArchitectureUNC Universal Naming Convention (file naming)UNCOPUOS United Nations Committee On Peaceful Uses of Outer

SpaceUNE Unbundled Network ElementsUNE-P Unbundled Network Elements—PlatformUNI User-to-Network Interface (frame relay)UNI-RZ Unipolar—Return-to-Zero (data encoding)UNIBOL Unix version of COBOL (programming)UNII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure

(wireless)UNIVAC Universal Automatic ComputerUNIX Universal Network Information Exchange (operating

system)



UNMA Universal Network Management ArchitectureUNMR Universal Network Management RecordUNO Universal Networked ObjectsUNTDI United Nations Trade Data InterchangeUOI Utilities Operating InstructionsUPC 1. Uplink Power Control

2. Usage Parameter Control (ATM)3. Universal Product Code (bar code naming)

UPCS Unlicensed Personal Communications Services(FCC)

UPI User Protocol InterfaceUPM 1. Utility Processor Module

2. Ultra-Portable MultiplexerUPN Universal Personal Number (GSM)UPnP Universal Plug and Play (computer standard)UPP Universal Payment PreambleUPS 1. Uninterruptible Power Supply (power)

2. Ultraviolet Photoelectron SpectroscopyUPSR Unidirectional Path-Protection Switched Ring

(MUX)UPT Universal Personal TelecommunicationsUPTAA UPT Access AddressUPTAC UPT Access CodeUPTAN UPT Access NumberUR 1. ultrared

2. your (Morse code transmissions)URA Uniform Resource Agent (Internet)URC 1. Uniform Resource Characteristic (Internet)

2. Uniform Resource Citation (Internet)URE User Range ErrorURFS Up-link RF System (TV satellite broadcast)URI Uniform Resource Identifier (Internet)URL Universal Resource Locator (Web page address)URM User Request ManagerURN Uniform Resource Name (Internet)URSEC Unidad Reguladora de Servicios de Comunicaciones

(Uroguay)US Unit Separator (character control code)USAC Universal Service Administrative CompanyUSACII U.S.A Standard Code of Information InterchangeUSAN Unites States Advanced NetworkUSART Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/

TransmitterUSAT Ultra-Small Aperture Terminal (satcom)


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USB 1. Universal Serial Bus (computer)2. Unified S-Band3. Upper Side-Band (modulation)

USCM Universal Service Component ModelUSD Universal Synchronous DataUSDC United States Digital CellularUSDLA United States Distance Learning Association

(standards)USDN United States ISDNUSEDA Users Society for Electronic Design AutomationUSENET User’s Network (networking)UserID User IdentificationUSF 1. Universal Single Frequency

2. Universal Service telephone Fee (U.S.A.)USGS United States Geological SurveyUSHR Unidirectional Self-Healing RingUSIIA United States Internet Industry AssociationUSIM UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (cellular networks)USITA United States Independent Telephone AssociationUSKA 1. Union Schweizerischer Kurzwellen-Amateure

2. Union of Swiss Shortwave Amateurs (Switzerland)USNO United States Naval ObservatoryUSO Universal Service ObligationsUSOA Uniform System Of Accounts (FCC)USOC Universal Service Order Code (AT&T)USOP User Service Order ProfileUSOS United States On-orbit SegmentUSP 1. Universal Service Plan

2. Usage Sensitive Pricing (tariff)USPID User Service Profile IdentifierUSPTO United States Potent and Trademark OfficeUSRT Universal Synchronous Receiver-Transmitter

(computer chip)USS 1. Unstructured Supplementary Services (GSM)

2. Unilateral Synchronization SystemUSSA United States Suppliers AssociationUSSB United States Satellite Broadcasting (company)USSC Upper Sideband Suppressed Carrier (modulation)USSD Unstructured Supplementary Subscriber Data (GSM)USSI Universal Synchronous Serial InterfaceUSTA United States Telephone Association (U.S.A.)USTSA United States Telephone Suppliers Association (U.S.A.)USTTI United States Telecommunications Training Institute

(standards)



UT 1. Universal Time2. User Terminal3. Upper Tester (ATM)

UTA Utilities Telecommunications Association (U.S.standards)

UTAM Unlicensed Transition And Management (microwave)UTC 1. Universal Time Coordinated

2. United Telecom CouncilUTDR Universal Trunk Data RecordUTF-8 UCS Transformation Format-8UTOPIA Universal Test and Operations Interface for ATMUTP Unshielded Twisted-Pair (cables)UTQFP Ultra-Thin Quad Flat Pack (microchips)UTR Universal Tone ReceiverUTRA UMTS Terrestrial Radio AccessUTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access NetworkUTS Universal Telephone ServiceUTSOP Ultra-Thin Small-Outline Package (microchips)UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol.uud Name extension for the binary files translated to ASCII

format using UUDecode (computer)UUD UNIX-to-UNIX Decoding (computer)UUDECODE Unix-to-Unix Decoding (computer).uue Name extension for the binary files translated to ASCII

format using UUEncode (computer)UUE UNIX-to-UNIX Encoding (computer)UUENCODE Unix-to-Unix EncodingUUI 1. Unified User Interface

2. Unique User Identifier3. User-to-User Indicator (ATM)4. User-to-User Information (ISDN)

UUID Universally Unique IdentifierUUT Unit Under TestUV 1. Ultra-Violet

2. Unified VoiceUV-PROM Ultra-Violet erasable PROM (memory)UVA Ultra-Violet AlphaUVB Ultra-Violet BetaUVLO Under Voltage Lock-Out (thresholds)UW Unique WordUWB Ultra-Wide-BandUWC Universal Wireless CommunicationsUWCC Universal Wireless Communications ConsortiumUXGA Ultra-Extended Graphics Array (monitors standard)


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V v

v Symbol for velocityV 1. Symbol for Volt (unit of voltage or potential

difference)2. Symbol for Vertical polarization (satcom)3. Symbol for Voltmeter or an electron Vacuum tube4. Vocabulary and related subjects (ITU-T)

V.Chip Violence Chip (TV filter)V.ASVD VersionAnalog SimultaneousVoice andData (modems)V.AVD Version Alternating Voice and Data (modems)V.DSVD VersionDigital Simultaneous Voice andData (modems)V.fast Version Fast-speed (modems)V.FC Version Fast Class (modems)V.PCM Version Pulse-Code Modulation (modem)V&H Vertical & HorizontalVCD Voice Plus DataV-band Radio frequency band ranging from 40 to 75 GHz

(radar)V-Commerce Voice CommerceV-MOS V-groove MOS (semiconductors)V-pol Vertical polarizationV-root Virtual rootV/D Voice and DataV/F Voltage-to-Frequency converter (electronics)

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355

V/m Volts per meter (electric field gradient)V/T Virtual Time (Internet)VA Volt–Ampere (electronics)VAB 1. Value-Added Business partner (Hewlett-Packard)

2. Voice Answer Back3. Vehicle Assembly Building (Kennedy Space Center,Florida)

Vac Volts Alternating Current (electronics)VAC 1. Voice Activity Compression

2. Vehicle Access Control3. Value-Added Carrier

VACC Value-Added Common CarrierVAD 1. Voice Activated Dialing

2. Voice Activity Detector (GSM)3. Value-Added Dealer4. Vapor-phase Axial Deposition process (opticalfibers)

VADIS Voice And Data Integrated SystemVADS Value-Added Data ServiceVADSL Very-high-speed Asymmetrical DSL (access)VAFC VESA Advanced Feature ConnectionVAIVR Voice Activated Interactive Voice ResponseVAM 1. Value-Added Module (fiber optics)

2. Versatile Access MultiplexerVAN Value-Added Network (Intelsat)VANA Vector Automatic Network AnalyzerVANS Value-Added Network Service (data transmission)VAP 1. Value-Added Process (networking)

2. Vector Adaptive Predictive (coding)3. Virtual Assembly Program

VAPD Voice Activated Premier DialingVAPN Voice Access to Private NetworkVAR 1. Value-Added Reseller (ICT)

2. Visual-Aural Range3. Volt-Ampere-Reactive (power generators)4. variable

varactor variable reactance diode (semiconductors)varicap variable capacitance diode (semiconductors)varistor variable resistor (semiconductors)VARTI Value-Added Reseller Telephone Integrator (PC

telephony)VAS Value-Added ServiceVASP Value Added Service ProviderVASCAR Visual Average Speed Computer And Recorder



VAX Virtual Address Extension (minicomputers)VB Visual Basic (software)VBA Visual Basic for Applications (computer)VBD Voice-Band DataVBE VESA BIOS ExtensionsVBI Vertical Blinking Interval (TV signal)VBNS Very-high-speed Backbone Network Service (optics)VBR 1. Variable Bit Rate (ATM)

2. Breakdown Voltage (FETs)VBRE Variable Bit Rate EncodingVBS Variable Bit-rate ServiceVBScript Visual Basic Scripting edition (software)VBW Video BandwidthVBX Visual Basic ExtensionVC 1. Virtual Channel (SONET and ATM)

2. Virtual Container (MUX)3. Virtual Circuit (X.25)4. Virtual Connection (ATM)5. Virtual Call (X.25)6. Video Cipher7. Video Conferencing

VCA 1. Voice Connecting Agreement2. Voltage-Controlled Amplifier (electronics)3. Virtual Channel Adaptation (MUX)

VCACHE VFAT driver CACHE (Windows 95)vCalendar virtual CalendarVCAPS Vertical Cavity Amplifying Optical SwitchvCard Virtual CardVCC 1. Virtual Channel Connection (ATM)

2. Supply Voltage—positiveVCCS Voltage-Controlled Current Source (electronics)VCD 1. Video Compact Disk

2. Variable Capacitance Diode (electronics)3. Vector Correlation Detection

VCD IC Vector Correlation Detection Interference CancellerVCEP Video Compression/Expansion Processor (chip)VCF Virtual Card FileVCFU Video Crypt Feedback Unit (TV broadcast)VCI Virtual Channel Identifier (ATM)VCL 1. Virtual Channel Link (ATM)

2. Visual Component Library (Borland Delphiproducts)

VCM 1. Voice Coding Module2. Virtual Channel Memory


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V

VCN 1. Virtual Corporate Network2. Virtual Circuit Number (X.25)

VCO Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (electronics)VCOMM Virtual Communications (device driver)VCOS Visible Caching Operating SystemVCPI Virtual Control Program Interface (MS-DOS programs)VCPU Video Compression Processor UnitVCR Video-Cassette RecorderVCS Virtual Communications SystemVCSEL Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting LaserVCSELD Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser DiodeVCSN Virtual Channel Sub-NetworkVCT Virtual Channel Termination (MUX)VCVA Voltage-Controlled Variable AttenuatorVCVS Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source (electronics)VCXC Virtual Circuit Cross-Connect (MUX)VCXO Voltage-Controlled Crystal Oscillator (electronics)VD Virtual DestinationVDAP Voice and Data Access PointVDB Visitor DatabaseVDC Volts, Direct Current (electronics)VDD Virtual Device DriverVDD Voltage Drain-Drain (electronics)VDDD VNET International Direct Distance Dialing (feature)VDE 1. Visual Development Environment

2. Video Decompression EngineVDF Voice Distribution FrameVDI 1. Video Device Interface

2. Virtual Device InterfaceVDIF VESA Display Information ForumVDISK Virtual DISKVDL Vienna Definition Language (programming)VDM 1. Voice Data Multiplexer

2. Video Display MetafileVDO Voltage Drop-OutVDPC Voice Data Port CardVDRV Variable Data Rate VideoVDS Variable-Depth SonarVDSL Very-high-data-rate DSL (access)VDT 1. Video Display Terminal (CRT)

2. Video Dial Tone (service)VDU 1. Video Display Unit (computer monitor)

2. Visual Display UnitVEN Virtual Ethernet Network



VERONICA Very Easy Rodent Oriented Netwide Index toComputerized Archives (Internet)

VERT Vertical (polarization)VES Virtual Environment SoftwareVESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationVESDA Very Early Smoke Detection AlarmVF 1. Voice Frequency (signal or channel)

2. Variance Factor (ATM)3. Vacuum Fluorescent (display)

VFAT Virtual File Allocation Table (computer)VFC 1. Version Fast Class (modems)

2. Voltage-to-Frequency Converter (electronics)VFCTG Voice Frequency Carrier TelegraphVFD Vacuum Fluorescent DisplayVFDF Voice Frequency Distribution FrameVFDN Voice Frequency Directory Number (Northern

Telecom)VFET Vertical FET (semiconductors)VFG Virtual Facilities GroupVFIP Voice File Interchange ProtocolVFO Variable-Frequency Oscillator (electronics)VFRAD Voice Frame Relay Access DeviceVFS 1. Virtual File Store

2. Virtual File SystemVFTG Voice Frequency TelegraphVG 1. Videotex Gateway

2. Voice Grade (local loop)VGA 1. Video Graphics Adapter (640!480 pixel monitors)

2. Video Graphics Array (monitors standard)3. Video Graphic Accelerator (circuit)4. Variable Gain Amplifier (electronics)

VGC 1. Voice Grade Channel2. Voice Grade Circuit

VGE 1. Voluntary Group of Experts (ITU)2. Voice Grade Equivalent

VGF Voice Grade FacilityVGPL Voice Grade Private LineVGrep Visual Grep (UNIX utility)VHADSL Very High-bit-rate Asymmetric DSL (access)VHD Very High Density (data storage)VHDCI Very High Density Cable Interconnect (PC cable)VHDL 1. Very High-speed IC hardware Description Language

2. VHSIC Hardware Description Language(programming)


V v & 359

V

3. Very High-Density Logic (digital electronics)VHDSL Very High-bit-rate DSL (access)VHE Virtual Home Environment (GSM)VHF Very High Frequency (30–300 MHz range)VHI Virtual Host InterfaceVHLL Very High-Level Language (programming)VHS Video Home Systems (video format)VHSD Very High-Speed DataVHSIC Very High-Speed Integrated CircuitVI Virtual InstrumentVIA 1. Vendors ISDN Association

2. Virtual Interface ArchitectureVIC Voice Interface Card (Cisco)VIDA Voice, Interoperability, Data and AccessVIDF Vertical Intermediate Distributing FrameVIEWS Visualizing Impacts of Earthquakes With Satellite

(Japan)VIL Vertical InlineVIM 1. Voice Interface Module

2. Vendor Independent MessagingVINES Virtual Networking Software (networking)VIP 1. Versatile Interface Processor (Cisco)

2. Virtual Internet Protocol (Cisco)VIPA 1. Virtual Image Phased Array

2. Virtual Internet Protocol AddressingVIPR 1. Virtual Internet Protocol Routing (Cisco)

2. Voice over IP RouterVIR Vertical Interval Reference (video)VIRR Visible and Infrared Radiometer (remote sensing)VIRS Visible and Infrared Scanner (remote sensing)VISA 1. Virtual Instrument Software Architecture

2. VXI System Alliance (standard)VisiCalc Visible Calculator (historic software)VISSR Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (remote

sensing)VISTA VLSI Integrated Set Top Architecture (broadcasting)Visual JCC Java Visual programming environment (Microsoft)VITA 1. Volunteers In Technical Assistance

2. VME International Trade AssociationVital VHDL Initiative Toward ASIC Libraries (organization)VITC Vertical Interval Time Code (VCR)VITS Vertical Interval Test SignalVIU Voice Interface UnitVL Bus VESA Local Bus (computer)



VLAN Virtual LANVLB VESA Local Bus (computer)VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry (remote sensing)VLC Variable Length CodingVLD 1. Variable Length Decoding

2. Vehicle Location Detection systemVLDB Very Large DatabaseVLF Very Low Frequency (10 Hz–30 KHz range)VLIW Very Long Instruction Word (microprocessor

architecture)VLM 1. Virtual Loadable Module (networking)

2. Very Large MemoryVLN Visitor Local Number (GSM)VLR Visitors Location Register (cellular networks)VLRE Very Low Rate EncodingVLS 1. Virtual Library System

2. Virtual LAN Link State protocol (Cabletron Systems)VLSI Very Large-Scale Integration (microchips)VLSIC Very Large-Scale Integrated CircuitVLSM Variable-Length Subnet MaskVLT Video Look-up TableVM 1. Voice Mail

2. Voice Messaging3. Virtual Memory4. Virtual Machine

VMC VESA Media Channel (bus)VME 1. Virtual Machine Environment (operating system)

2. Versa Module EurocardVMEbus Versatile Modular E-busVMEC Voice Messaging Educational Committee (e-learning)VMF Validation Message FraudVMI 1. V Series Modem Interface

2. Vehicle Management InformationVMOS Vertical MOS (semiconductors)VMR Validation Monitoring and RemovalVMS 1. Voice Mail Service

2. Voice Messaging Service (fix and mobile)3. Virtual Messaging Service (fix telephony)4. Virtual Memory System (operating system)5. Vessel Monitoring System (shipping)

VMTP Versatile Message Transaction ProtectionVMUIF Voice Messaging User Interface ForumVMWI Visual Message Waiting IndicatorVMX Voice Message Exchange


V v & 361

V

VN Virtual NetworkVNA 1. Vertical Network Analyzer

2. Vector Network AnalyzerVNET Virtual private Network (MCI)VNIR Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer (remote sensing)VNL Via Net Loss (transmission)VNLF Via Net Loss Factor (parameter)VNN Voice News Network (broadcaster)VNS 1. Virtual Network Service

2. Virtual Network SystemVO Verification OfficeVOA 1. Variable Optical Attenuator

2. Voice Of America (broadcaster)VoATM Voice over ATM (service)VoBB Voice over Broad-BandVOC Virtual Operator’s Consolevocoder voice coderVoD Video-on-Demand (service)VODAS Voice Operated Device Anti-Sing (telephone circuits)VODER Voice Operation DemonstratorVoDSL Voice over DSL (service)VoFR Voice over Frame-Relay (service)VOGAD Voice-Oriented Gain-Adjusting DeviceVoHDLC Voice over HDLC (service)VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol (service)VoIPF Voice over Internet Protocol ForumVOL volume control (circuit diagrams)VOLCAS Voice-Operated Loss-Control And Signaling (device)VOM Volt-Ohm-Milliameter (test equipment)VoMBN Voice-over-Multiservice Broadband NetworkVON Voice-On-the-Net (service)VoP Voice-over-Packet (service)VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range (navigation system)VORC Voice-Operated Relay CircuitVORDAC VHF Omnidirectional Range and Distance-measuring

equipment for Area CoverageVortac VHF omnidirectional range tacan (air navigation)VORTAC VOR collocated and/or combined with TACANVOST VESA Open Set Top (group)VOTS VMS OSI Transport ServiceVOW Voice Order WireVOX 1. Voice-Operated Transmit

2. Latin word for Voice meaning Telephone numberother than that of Fax number (on business cards)



Voxel Volume pixel (3D image)VoxML Voice Markup Language (programming)VP 1. Voice Port

2. Virtual Path (MUX)3. Video Processor

VP PBX Voice Port PBXVP TEL Voice Port TelephoneVPA 1. Variable Power Attenuator

2. Virtual Path Adaptation3. Voice Port Adapter

VPACK Vertical PackageVPAR Voice Port Adapter RackVPC 1. Voice Port Cluster

2. Virtual Path Connection (ATM)VPCI Virtual Path Connection IdentifierVPD 1. Variable Phase Divider

2. Virtual Printer Device driver3. Vapor-Phase Dissolution (semiconductors)

VPDN Virtual Private Data NetworkVPDS Virtual Private Data Service (MCI)VPE Vapor-Phase Epitaxy (semiconductors)VPEC Virginia Power Electronics Center (U.S.A.)VPI 1. Variable Path Identifier (ATM)

2. Virtual Packet Identifier (MPLS)VPIM Voice Profile for Internet MessagingVPL Virtual Path Link (ATM)VPM Voice Processing Module (Sprint)VPN Virtual Private Network (Internet)VPO Pinch-Off Voltage (FETs)VPOTS Very Plain Old Telephone ServiceVPP VXI Plug-and-PlayVPS 1. Variable Phase Shifter

2. Vapor-Phase SolderingVPSN Virtual Path Sub-NetworkVPT 1. Virtual Path Termination

2. Virtual Private Trunking3. Virtual Printer Technology

VPU 1. Virtual Physical Unit2. Voice Processing Unit

VPXC Virtual Path Cross-Connect (MUX)VQ Vector QuantizationVQFP Very-fine-pitch Quad Flat Pack (microchips)VQL Variable Quantizing Level


V v & 363

V

VR 1. Virtual Reality (ICT)2. Voice Recognition3. Voltage Regulator (electronics)

VRAM Video RAM (memory)VRC Vertical Redundancy Check (transmission)VRD 1. Virtual Ring Down

2. Virtual Retina DisplayVRID Virtual Router IdentifierVRM Voice Recognition ModuleVRML 1. Virtual Reality Modeling Language (programming)

2. Virtual Reality Markup Language (programming)Vrms Volt root-mean-square (electronics)VROOMM Virtual Run-time Object-Oriented Memory ManagerVRPRS Virtual Route Pacing Response in SNAVRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (IETF)VRU Voice Response Unitvs versus (technical curves)VS 1. Virtual Scheduling (ATM)

2. Virtual Source3. Virtual Storage4. Vertical Synchronization

VS&F Voice Store and Forward (service)VS/VD Virtual Source/Virtual DestinationVSA Virtual Scheduling AlgorithmVSAC Very Small Aperture CheckVSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal (satcom)VSB 1. Vestigial Side-Band (modulation)

2. VME Subsystem BusVSC 1. Vertical Service Code (telephony)

2. Virtual Switch Controller (telephony)3. Variable Speech Control (tape recording)

VSE Voice Services EquipmentVSELP Vector Sum Excited Linear Predictive coding (voice

coding)VSIM Virtual Surface Image MemoryVSM Vestigial-Sideband ModulationVSNET Virtual SS7 NetworkVSNL Videsh Sanchar Nigam, Ltd (Indian operator)VSO Very Small OutlineVSOP Very Small Outline Package (Japanese)VSR Very Short Reach (fiber optics)Vss Voltage Source-Source (electronics)VSS 1. Voice Server System

2. VHDL System Simulator



VSW Voice SwitcherVSWR Voltage Standing-Wave Ratio (transmission)VSX Verification Suite for X/openVSYNC Vertical Sync (video signals)VT 1. Virtual Tributary (SONET)

2. Virtual Terminal (ISO)3. Virtual Trunk4. Vertical Tabulation (character)5. Video Teleconferencing

VT fuse Variable-Time fuseVT2 Virtual Tributary-2VT6 Virtual Tributary-6VTA 1. Video Terminal Adapter (ISDN)

2. Virtual Trunk AgentVTAC Vermont Telecommunications Applications CenterVTAM Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (IBM PCs)VTC Video Tele-Conference (U.S. Air Force)VTCO Voltage–Temperature Cut-Off (battery charging)VTD Virtual Timer Device driverVTG 1. Voltage Timing Generator

2. Virtual Tributary GroupVTI Vietnam Telecom InternationalVTIR Visible and Thermal Infrared Radiometer (remote

sensing)VTM 1. Voltage-Tunable Magnetron

2. Voltage Transformation Module3. Vessel Traffic Management (shipping)

VTN Vendor Type NumberVTNS Virtual Telecommunications Network ServicesVTO Voltage Tuned OscillatorVToA Voice and Telephony over ATM (service)VTOH Virtual Tributary OverheadVTP 1. Virtual Trunking Protocol (Ethernet)

2. Virtual Terminal Protocol (ISO)VTPP Variable Term Pricing Plan (AT&T)VTR Video-Tape Recorder (equipment)VTS 1. Vehicular Technology Society

2. Vessel Traffic Service (navigation)3. Virtual Terminal Service

VTTH Video To The HomeVTU 1. Voucherless Top Up

2. Video Teleconferencing UnitVTU-C VDSL Transmission Unit—Central OfficeVTU-O VDSL Transmission Unit—ONU


V v & 365

V

VTU-R VDSL Transmission Unit—RemoteVTVM Vacuum-Tube Voltmeter (test equipment)VTX VideotexVVA Voltage-Variable AttenuatorVU Volume Unit (speech power parameter)VU Meter Volume Unit MeterVUG Voice User GroupVUI Video User InterfaceVVA Voltage-Variable Attenuator (microwave)VWP Variable Wavelength PathVxD Virtual device DriverVXI VME Extension for InstrumentationVXIbus VME bus Extension for InstrumentationVXML Voice XML (programming language)VXO Variable Crystal Oscillator (electronics)VY Very (Morse code transmissions)



W w

W 1. Symbol for Watt (unit of electric power)2. Symbol for wideband3. Wait (Hayes compatible modems)

W-band Radio frequency band ranging from 75 to 110 GHz(radar)

W-CDMA Wideband CDMA (access)W-DCS Wideband Digital Cross-connect SystemW-OFDM Wideband OFDM (transmission)W/G WaveguideW/sr Watt per steradianW3 World-Wide WebW3C World-Wide Web Consortium (standards organization)W3C2 World-Wide Web Conference CommitteeWA DSP Wideband Acquisition—Digital Signal ProcessingWAA Wireless Advertising AssociationWAAS Wide-Area Augmentation System (navigation)WABI Windows Application Binary Interface (software)WAC Wireless Access ControllerWACK Wait before transmitting positive AcknowledgementWACS White Alice Communications System (AT&T)WADP Wireless Application Delivery PlatformWADS Wide-Area Data ServiceWAE Wireless Application Environment

AU5866—CHAPTER W—W—12/7/2007—08:04—VELU—274425—XML MODEL E – pp. 367–374

W

367

WAG Wireless Application Group (WAP Forum)WAGPS Wireless Assisted Global Positioning SystemWAIP Wireless Application Infrastructure ProviderWAIS Wide-Area Information Server (Internet)WAM Wireless SpamWAN Wide-Area NetworkWANMC WAN Management CenterWAP 1. Wireless Application Protocol

2. Wireless Access PointWAPvert An advertisement on a WAP deviceWAR Wireless Application Reader (WAP)WARC World Administrative Radio Conference (ITU events)WARC-G WARC—General (ITU)WARC-ST WARC for Space Telecommunicationswares softwares (ICT)WAS Wireless Access SystemWASI Wide-Area Service IdentifierWASO Western-Area Switch OperationsWASP Wireless Application Service ProviderWATM Wireless ATMWATS Wide-Area Telephone Services (AT&T)WATSS Wide-Area Telephone Service SystemWATTC World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone

Conference.wav Name extension for Windows waveform audio

format filesWAW Waiter-Actor-WebmasterWAWS Washington Area Wideband SystemWb Weber (unit of magnetic flux)WB 1. Wide-Band

2. Wire BondedWBA Wireless Broadcast AccessWBC 1. Wide-Band Channel (FDDI)

2. Wide-Band CombinerWBCS 1. Wide-Band Communications Service

2. Wide-Band Communications SystemWBD Wide-Band Data (channel)WBEAF Wide-Band Earth station Antenna Feed (Intelsat)WBEM Web-Based Enterprise Management (network

management)WBFH Wide-Band Frequency Hopping (FCC)WBFM Wide-Band Frequency ModulationWBMCS Wireless Broadband Multimedia Communications

Systems



WBPA Wide-Band Power Amplifier (Intelsat)WBPM Wide-Band Phase ModulationWBT Web-Based Training (e-learning)WBTIC Web-Based Training Information Center (e-learning)WBVTR Wide-Band Video Tape RecorderWC Wireless ConsortiumWCA 1. Web Clipping Application

2. Wireless Communications AssociationWCAPs Wireless Competitive Access ProvidersWCAV Web Clipping Application ViewerWCBC West Coast Billing CenterWCC Wireline Common CarrierWCCP Web-Cache Control ProtocolWCDMA Wideband CDMA (IMT-2000 access)WCP 1. Wireless Certificate Profile (WAP Forum)

2. Wireless Communication Platform/Product3. Wireless Communications Protocol4. Web Clipping Proxy (server)

WCS Wireless Communications ServicesWCT WIPO Copyright TreatyWCV Weighted Call ValueWD 1. Withdrawn and Deleted

2. Wavelength DivisionWDA Wireless Digital AssistantWDCS Wideband Digital Cross-connect SystemWDEF Windows Definition Function (Macintosh application)WDF Wireless Data ForumWDGPS Wide-area Differential GPSWDL Windows Driver LibraryWDM Wavelength-Division MultiplexingWDMA Wavelength-Division Multiple AccessWDMUX Wavelength DemultiplexerWDP 1. Workforce Development Program

2. Wireless Datagram Protocol (WAP Forum)WDT Watch-Dog TimerWDU Winchester Drive UnitWeb World-Wide WebWebcam Web digital video cameraWebcast A Broadcast by using World Wide WebWebinar Web-based seminarWebNFS Web Network File System (client/server protocol)Webphone Internet telephoneWebTV AWeb access device for that uses a TV as a displayWebzine Web-based magazine


W w & 369

W

WEC Western Electric CompanyWECA Wireless Ethernet Compatibility AllianceWECC Web-Enabled Contact CenterWECO Western Electric CompanyWEEE Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment

directiveWELL Whole Earth Lectronic Link (Web site)WEP Wired Equivalency Privacy (LANs)WESTAR Western-states Air Resources CouncilWFC Winchester Floppy ControllerWFM Wired For Management Baseline (Intel)WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing (data transmission)WFS Woodstock File Server (Xerox)WFW Windows For WorkgroupsWFWG Windows For Work-GroupsWG Working Group (IEEE)WGDTB Working Group on Digital Television BroadcastingWGET Working Group on Emergency Telecommunications

(ITU)WGIG Working Group on Internet Governance (United

Nations)WGIH Working Group on Information Highway (TSACC)WGN White Gaussian NoiseWGS Worldwide Geodetic SystemWh Watt-hour (power)WH 1. West Hemispheric beam

2. Western HostWi-Fi Wireless Fidelity (IEEE)Wi-Fi5 Wireless Fidelity at 5 GHz range (IEEE)Wi-LAN Wireless LANWIA 1. World Internetworking Alliance (Internet)

2. Wireless Institute of AustraliaWIC WAN Interface Card (Cisco)WID 1. Wireless Integration Device

2. Wireless Interface DeviceWIDS Wireless Intrusion Detection SystemsWIFS Wide-Field Sensor (remote sensing)WIG Wireless Interoperability Group (WAP Forum)WiLL Wireless Local Loop system (Motorola)WIM 1. WAP Identity Module

2. Wireless Instant Messaging (cellular networks)WiMAX Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access

(standard)WIMP Windows Icons Menus Pointing device (ICT)



WIN 1. Wireless Intelligent Network2. Wireless In-building Network

WIN95 Windows 95WIN98 Windows 98WIN2000 Windows 2000WIN CE Windows CEWindows ME Windows Millennium EditionWindows NT Windows New TechnologyWINDS Wideband Inter Networking engineering test and

Demonstration Satellite (Japan)WINF Wireless Information Networks Forum, IncWinG Windows gamesWinISDN An ISDN communications API designed for Windows

(interface)WINS Windows Internet Naming ServiceWinSock Windows Socket API (program)Wintel A computer using Windows Operating System and

Intel’ CPUWIP 1. Washington Internet Project

2. Work In Process (equipment)WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization (Geneva)WISP Wireless Internet Service ProviderWIT Washington International TeleportWITS 1. Wireless Interface Telephone System

2. Washington Integrated Telecommunications System(U.S.A.)

WITSA World Information Technology and Services AllianceWIXC Wavelength Interchanging Cross-Connect (fiber

optics)wizywig Same as WYSIWYGWLAN Wireless Local-Area NetworkWLANA Wireless LAN Alliance (U.S. standards organization)WLI Wireless LAN InteroperabilityWLIF Wireless LAN Interoperability ForumWLL Wireless Local LoopWLNP Wireless Local Number PortabilityWLRL Wireless LAN Research Laboratory (U.S.A.)WM Wavelength Modulation.wma Name extension for Windows Media Audio files

(computer)WMAN Wireless Metropolitan-Area NetworkWMATV Wireless Master Antenna TV system.wmf Name extension for WMF files (graphics)WMF 1. Windows Metafile Format (Image format)


W w & 371

W

2. Wireless Multimedia ForumWMI Windows Management Instrumentation (Microsoft)WML 1. Wireless Markup Language (programming)

2. Website Meta Language (programming)WMO World Meteorological OrganizationWMPN World’s Most Powerful Network (consortium)WMUX Wavelength Multiplexer.wmv Name extension for Windows Media Video files

(computer)WOL Wake-On-LAN (computer motherboard)WOM Write-Only Memory (data storage)WORA “Write Once, Run Anywhere” (Java slogan)WORM Write Once, Read Many times (optical memory disks)WORN Write Once, Read Never (as a joke)WOS Wholesale Operator ServiceWOSA Windows Open System ArchitectureWOTAN Wavelength-Agile Optical Transport and Access

Network projectWOTS Wireless Office Telecommunications System.wp Name extension for Word Perfect word processor files

(computer)WP 1. Word Processing

2. Wire PhotoWP/8B Working Party 8B (ITU-R)WPA Wi-Fi Protected AccessWPABX Wireless PABXWPAD Web Proxy Auto-Discovery (protocol)WPAN Wireless Personal-Area NetworkWPBX Wireless Private Branch Exchange.wpg Name extension for WordPerfect Graphics format files

(graphics)WPG Wireless Protocols Group (WAP Forum)WPKI 1. Wireless Public Key Infrastructure

2. Wearable Public Key InfrastructureWPM Words Per Minute (parameter)WPS 1. Words Per Second (parameter)

2. Wireless Priority Services3. Work Place Shell (OS/2)

WQAM Weighted Qaudrature Amplitude ModulationWR 1. Withdrawn and Replaced

2. Write (logic signal)WRAM Windows RAM (memory)WRBYV White, Red, Blue, Yellow, and Violet (telephone cable)WRC World Radiocommunications Conference (ITU)



WREC Web Replication and CachingWRED Weighted Random Early Detection (QoS).wri Name extension for Microsoft Write format files

(computer)WRL Wireless Rural LoopWRS Worldwide Reference System (Landsat)WRSS Western Region Switch SupportWRU “Who Are You” (telex control character)Ws Wattsecond (power)WS Work StationWS-ANI Wireless Subscriber—Automatic Number IdentificationWSA Wireless Specialty Apparatus CompanyWSC 1. Wireless Switching Center

2. Wireless Server CertificateWSDL Web Service Description Language (programming)WSEAS World Scientific and Engineering Academy and SocietyWSF Work Station Function blockWSG Wireless Security Group (WAP Forum)WSI 1. Wireless Systems International

2. Wafer Scale Integration (microchips)WSIS World Summit on the Information SocietyWSP 1. Wireless Service Provider

2. Wireless Session ProtocolWST 1. WAP Security Toolkit

2. Wireless Subscriber TerminalWSTA Wall Street Telecommunications Association

(standards)WSW World Space Week (events)WSXC Wavelength Selective Cross-Connect (fiber optics)WT Wireless TelephonyWTA Wireless Telephony Application (WAP Forum)WTAC World Telecommunications Advisory Council (ITU)WTB Wireless Telecommunications Bureau (FCC)WTDC World Telecommunications Development ConferenceWTLS Wireless Transport Layer Security (WAP Forum)WTN Working Telephone NumberWTNG WaitingWTO World Trade Organization (Switzerland)WTP Wireless Transaction ProtocolWTPF World Telecommunication Policy ForumWTSC World Telecommunications Standardization

Con-ferenceWU-ATS Western Union—Advanced Transmission SystemsWUD Would (Morse code transmissions)


W w & 373

W

WUI 1. Web User Interface (GUI)2. Western Union International (MCI)

WUT Wafer Under TestWV Working Voltage (electronics)WVDC Working Volts DC (power)WVI Web Voice IntegrationWVTR Wideband Video Tape RecorderWW 1. Wire-Wound (electronics)

2. Wire-Wrap (electronics)WWAN Wireless Wide-Area NetworkWWDD World-Wide Direct DialingWWDM Wide Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (GBE)WWDSA World Wide Digital System ArchitectureWWMCCS World Wide Military Command and Control SystemWWNWS World-Wide Navigational Warning Service (IMO)WWV World-Wide VacuumWWW 1. World-Wide Web (Internet)

2. World Weather Watch (remote sensing)WWWC World-Wide Web ConsortiumWX Weather Report (Morse code transmissions)Wz West Zone beamWZ1 World Zone 1



X x

X 1. Symbol for exchange or interchange2. Symbol for extension3. Symbol for words commencing with letters soundinglike ‘X’ such as DBx which stands for Data BaseAccelerator4. Sign for cross or cross-connection or coupling5. Sign of prefix trans- (from one place or state toanother)6. Symbol for a Crystal component7. Symbol for an unknown quantity or distance

X.25 ITU protocol standard for WAN communicationsX-Band Radio Frequency band (8 GHz–12 GHz)X-MOS High-speed MOS (semiconductors)X-Off Control character to stop information flowX-On Control character to start information flowX-On/X-Off Transmitter On and Transmitter OffX-strap Cross-strap (Intelsat)XA 1. Extended Architecture (CD-ROM)

2. Exchange AccessXA-SMDS Exchange Access—SMDSXAPIA X.400 Application Program Interface AssociationXAUI 10GbE Attachment Unit InterfaceXbar Crossbar

AU5866—CHAPTER X—X—12/7/2007—11:32—VELU—274426—XML MODEL E – pp. 375–378

X

375

XC Cross-Connect (MUX)XCA Extended Communication AdapterXCE 1. Transponder Command Electronics

2. Transponder Control ElectronicsXCM 1. Cross-Connect Module (MUX)

2. Cross-Connect Multiplexer (MUX)XCMD External Command (hyper card)XCOPY Copy Extended (MS-DOS Command)XCVR Transceiver (Morse code transmissions)XDCR Transducer (electronics)XDF Extended Distance FeatureXDI XRI Data InterchangeXDMA Xing Distributed Media Architecture (Xing

Corporation)XDMCP X Display Manager Control ProtocolXDP Extra Device Port (Panasonic)XDR 1. External Data Representation

2. Exchange Data RepresentativexDSL A generic term for DSL technologies (access)xEMS xDSL Element Manager SystemXENIX Microsoft version of UNIX for microprocessors (OS)XFCB Extra-Fast Complementary BipolarXFCN External Function (hyper card)XFN X/Open Federated Naming (Sun Microsystems)XFR TransferXGA 1. Extended Graphics Adapter (1024!768 pixel

monitors)2. Extended Graphics Array (monitors standard)

XGL Extended Graphics LibraryXHTML 1. XML—compatible Version of HTML (programming)

2. Extensible HTML (programming)XID Exchange IdentificationXIF XPD Improvement FactorXIP Execute-In-Place (graphics)XIPS Xenon Ion Propulsion SubsystemXIWT Cross-Industry Working TeamxLC xDSL Line CardXL Symbol for Inductive ReactanceXLib X Library (Windows System)XLIU X.25/X.75 Link Interface UnitXLL Extensible Linking Language (programming)XLR X-Series Lockheed Rubber (connectors)XMA Extended Memory AccessXmission Transmission (Ham radio)



Xmit Transmit (Ham radio)Xmitter Transmitter (Ham radio)XMF eXtensible Music FormatXML Extensible Markup Language (programming)XMP X/Open Management ProtocolXMPP Extensible Messaging and Presence ProtocolXMS Extended Memory SpecificationXMS API X.400 Message Store Application Program InterfaceXMSN TransmissionXMT Transmit (Ham radio)XMTR Transmitter (Morse code transmissions)XMUX TransmultiplexerXnLC XDSL Line Card in Access node ExpressXNS Xerox Network Systems (protocol)XO Crystal OscillatorXOFF Transmitter Off (control character)XOMAPI X.400 OSI data Manipulation Application Program

InterfaceXON Transmitter On (control character)XON/XOFF Transmitter On and Transmitter Off (protocol)XOR Exclusive-OR gate (digital electronics)Xover CrossoverXPAD External Packet Assembler/DisassemblerXPC Extended Processing CabinetXPD 1. Transponder

2. Cross-Polarization Discrimination3. Cross-Polarization Decoupling

XPDR TransponderXPG X/Open Portability Guide (standard group)XPI 1. Cross-Polarization Isolation (Intelsat)

2. Cross-Polarization Interference (Intelsat)XPIC Cross-Polarization Interference Canceller

(Intelsat)XPL Cross-Polarization LevelXPM 1. Extended Peripheral Module

2. Cross-Phase ModulationX-POL 1. Cross-Polarized (Intelsat)

2. Cross-Polarization (antennas)Xponder TransponderXPS X-ray Photoelectron SpectroscopyXRB Transmit Reference BurstXref Cross-referenceXRF 1. Extended Recovery Facility

2. X-Ray Fluorescence (spectroscopy)


X x & 377

X

XSG 1. Extended Service Group2. X.25 Service Group

XSL Extensible Style-sheet Language (programming)XSMP X Session Manager ProtocolXT 1. Crosstalk

2. Extended Technology (IBM PCs)Xtal CrystalXtalk CrosstalkXTELs Teleservices protocol (Sun Solaris)Xterm A terminal for the X Windows systemXTI X/Open Transport InterfaceXTL Teleservices architecture for Sun Solaris (Sun

Microsystems)XTP 1. Express Transport Protocol

2. Express Transfer ProtocolXUI X Windows System User Interface (toolkit)XWA Experimental Wireless ApparatusXWS X Windows SystemXXX Triple X (protocol)XXXX The last four digits of a telephone numberXYL Former Young Lady (morse code transmission)



Y y

y Symbol for prefix yocto-, denoting 10K24 or 2K80

Y 1. Symbol for prefix yotta-, denoting 1024 or 280

2. Symbol for admittance (electronics)3. Symbol for Yttrium4. Symbol for luminosity

Y cable A Y-shaped cableY/C luminosity and Color splitter (color image encoding)Y2K Year 2000 (Millennium Bug)YAG Yttrium–Aluminium Garnet crystalline material (laser

electronics)YAHOO 1. Yet Another Hierarchically Officious Oracle (Web

portal)2. Yet Another Hierarchically Organized Oracle (Webportal)

YB Yottabyte, which is 1024 or 1024 times zettabyteYBCO Yttrium–Barium–Copper–Oxide (microwave devices)yd yard (unit of area)yd2 square yardYEL yellowYIG Yttrium–Iron Garnet crystalline material (microwave

devices)

AU5866—CHAPTER Y—Y—12/7/2007—11:35—VELU—274427—XML MODEL E – pp. 379–380

Y

379

YL Young Lady (Morse code transmissions)YP Yellow Pages (British Telecom)YTF YIG Tuned Filter (microwave)YTO YIG-Tuned Oscillator

AU5866—CHAPTER Y—Y—12/7/2007—11:35—VELU—274427—XML MODEL E – pp. 379–380


Z z

z Symbol for prefix zepto-, which is 10K21 or 2K70

.z Name extension for UNIX files compressed with the gzip

Z 1. Symbol for prefix zetta-, which is 1021 or 270

2. Symbol for impedance (electric circuits)3. Zulu time

Z time Zebra timeZ-CAL Zero Range Calibration (Intelsat)Z-marker Zone markerZ0 Characteristic Impedance (transmission line)Z80 An 8-bit microprocessor developed by Zilog CompanyZAK Zero Administration Kit (software)ZAW Zero Administration Windows (operating system)ZB Zettabyte, which is 1021 or 1024 times ExabytesZBTSI Zero Byte Time Slot Interchange (control technique)ZCS 1. Zero Code Suppression

2. Zero Current SwitchingZD Zero DefectsZDNet Ziff Davis NetworkZDSF Zero Dispersion Shifted FiberZDW Zero Dispersion WavelengthZIF socket Zero Insertion Force socket (Intel)ZiffNet See ZDNet

AU5866—CHAPTER Z—Z—12/7/2007—11:36—VELU—274428—XML MODEL E – pp. 381–382

Z381

Zin Input Impedance.zip Name extension for archive files compressed by PKZIPZip zippedZIP 1. Zone Information Protocol

2. Zone Information Plan3. Zigzag Inline Package

Ziv Lempel–ZivZl load ImpedanceZnO Zinc Oxide (semiconductors).zoo Name extension for archive files Zoo compression

utilityZout output ImpedanceZRL Zero Relative LevelZRT Zero Range Transponder (Intelsat)Zs source Impedancezsh Z shell (UNIX)ZT Zone Time (Intelsat)ZTLP Zero Transmission Level Point (telephony)ZUM Zone Usage MeasuredZV Zoomed VideoZVA Zero Voltage Activated circuit (electronics)ZVS Zero Voltage Switching

AU5866—CHAPTER Z—Z—12/7/2007—11:36—VELU—274428—XML MODEL E – pp. 381–382


Annex-A (SpecialCharacters)

. dot or period sign’ 1. apostrophe or quote sign

2. meaning “feet” used when defining length ofsomething3. meaning “minutes” used when defining latitude andlongitude

" 1. Quotation mark (called ditto)2. meaning “inches” used when defining dimensionsof something3. meaning “seconds” used when defining latitudesand longitudes4. the same word as above

“ Double opening quote” Double closing quote‘ Single opening quote’ Single closing quote— Em dashd 1. En dash (also called hyphen)

2. meaning “to” when defining ranges of values/ 1. Oblique stroke or Forward slash (also called

diagonal)2. Fraction sign meaning “to” or “conversion to”

\ Backward Slash (also called back slash): Colon; Semicolon

AU5866—CHAPTER —AnnexA—12/7/2007—11:37—VELU—274429—XML MODEL E – pp. 383–385

383

Z Equals; is the same as (mathematics)s Does not equal; is different from# Sign of “number” (also called Hash)z Is approximately equal to (mathematics)O Is more than (mathematics)! Is less than (mathematics)8 Symbol for degree (plane angle)8C Symbol for degree Celsius8F Symbol for degree Fahrenheit8R Symbol for degree Rankine (absolute temperature

scale)& Sign of “and” (called Ampersand)@ “At” sign (Internet e-mail addresses)D Greek letter “delta” (sign of refractive index contrast)D-b Delta–Beta (switch)D-l Delta–Lambda (spectral width)D-S Delta–Sigma (modulation)3 Greek letter “epsilon” (sign of electrical permittivity)l Greek letter “Lambda” (sign of wavelength)l0 Zero-dispersion wavelength (fiber optics)lcc cutoff wavelength (fiber optics)m 1. Greek Letter “mu”

2. Symbol for permeability3. Sign of prefix micro-, (one-millionth or 10K6)

mA microampere (electronics)mbar microbarmC microcomputermCi microcuriemF microfarad (electronics)mH microhenry (electronics)mLx microluxmm micrometer or micronmmho micromho (electronics)mU microohm (electronics)mp microprocessormrd microradmR microroentgenmrem microremmrep microrepms microsecondmS microsiemensmV microvolt (electronics)mm micromicro (pico-)mW microwatt (power)



u Greek letter “omega”; symbol for angular frequencyU 1. Greek letter “omega”

2. Sign of ohm (unit of resistance and impedance)U/V ohm per Volt[ Upside-down capital omega (unit of conductivity

‘mho”)4 Greek letter “phi” (sign of angle of phase)FM Phase Modulationp Greek letter “pi”, symbol for the number 3.1416

(mathematics)? Question markr Greek letter “rho” (unit of electric charge density)s Greek letter “sigma” (unit of electrical conductivity)* Symbol for marking an important point (called asterisk,

splat, star)q Copyrightw Registerede Trademark$ U.S. Dollar (currency)£ Pound Sterling (currency)V Euro (currency)¥ Yen (currency)% Percent


Annex-A (Special Characters) & 385

Annex-B (Metric Prefixes)

Symbol Prefix Numerical Exponential

Y yotta- 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1024

Z zetta- 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1021

E exa- 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 1018

P peta- 1,000,000,000,000,000 1015

T terra- 1,000,000,000,000 1012

G giga- 1,000,000,000 109

M mega- 1,000,000 106

k kilo- 1000 103

h hecto- 100 102

da deca 10 101

d deci- 0.1 10K1

c centi- 0.01 10K2

m milli- 0.001 10K3

m micro- 0.000,001 10K6

n nano- 0.000,000,001 10K9

p pico- 0.000,000,000,001 10K12

f femto- 0.000,000,000,000,001 10K15

a atto- 0.000,000,000,000,000,001 10K18

z zepto- 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,001 10K21

y yocto- 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,000,001 10K24

AU5866—CHAPTER —AnnexB—12/7/2007—12:24—GANESHV—274430—XML MODEL E – pp. 387

387

Documents

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