Upload
dr-muhammad-mushtaq-mangat
View
101
Download
6
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
A brief introduction of different spinning and weaving method
Citation preview
Technical Textile Yarns Basic information about Technical Textile fibers by Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Mangat www.mushtaqmangat.org Dec 3, 2012
Hand Spinning One of the early inventions of human
Lecture Contents Yarn
Introduction of different spinning techniques
Yarn parameters
Fabric
Discussion about weaving styles and techniques
Technical Textile Yarns A brief description of Technical Textile yarns used for
the production of Technical Textiles
Technical Textile Yarns Basic raw material for Technical Textiles
Production method: Special techniques for yarn manufacturing
Blending of different fibers
Spinning Ring spinning invented in 1830s in USA, widely used
[1]
Wool Spinning [1]
Rotor Spinning [1]
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=rotor+spinning+machine&go=&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=rotor+spinning+machine&sc=0-16&sp=-1&sk=#x0y3847
Friction Spinning Kind of open open end spinning technique
Friction rolls are used instead of rotor
Friction rolls collect the opened-up fibres and twist them into the yarn [1]
Friction Spinning [1]
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=friction+spinning+machine&view=detail&id=FCD51FC4C525E2DBCCF6DD62653BEC2C96B0377A&FORM=IDFRIR
Wrap Spinning In wrap spinning, twist less staple fibers are warped by
a continuous binder
Hollow spindle machine is used for this purpose
First introduced in 1979 ITMA
Hollow spindle rotates and bobbin wraps the binder strap [1]
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=wrap+spinning&view=detail&id=CE071B28342358A6430E2A1977E051228B1835E1&first=31&FORM=IDFRIR
Fancy yarn made by using wrap spinning
http://www.indiantextilejournal.com/articles/FAdetails.asp?id=1739
Wrap Spinning [1]
Air Jet Spinning Invented by Du Pont in 1963, commercially available in
1980
One jet by Du Pont but two jets by Murata, more yarn strength
Air Jet Spinning [1]
Twist Less Spinning Filaments are bonded together with the help of any
adhesive
Adhesive is removed after making the fabric
Used for special purposes, not very common [1]
Twist Less Spinning [1]
Vortex Spinning Vortex is a region with in a fluid, where fluid is in spinning position around an imaginary axes e.g. hurricanes, tornado
Vortex Spinning A new kind of spinning, where tip of the fibers is focused towards center, with the help of compressed air
A unique yarn is produced
Each fiber is spun toward the center of the yarn and
wrapped by other fibers
Fibers are strongly held and no slippage is possible
Minimum hairiness
[http://www.muratec-vortex.com/1_1.html]
VORTEX
Ply Yarn Two or more than two similar or distinctive yarns yarns are used to
produce ply yarn
This is done to achieve special properties
Very old and common technique
It increases the strength and modulus
Regular, smoother and hard weaving is possible from ply yarns
Some special yarns are produced having low stretch and high strength (yarn for tire)
Types of Technical Textiles
[1]
[2]
Few Technical Textile Yarns
http://www.kolonindustries.com/Eng/down/akilen.pdf
http://www.kolonindustries.com/Eng/down/akilen.pdf
http://www.kolonindustries.com/Eng/down/akilen.pdf
[1]
[1]
Technical Fabric Structures: Woven Fabrics
Technical Textiles have substantial surface area with respect to thickness
Strong cohesion for better functioning and mechanical strength.
Mostly woven but knitting, felting, felting, lace making, net making, nonwoven processes and tufting processes are also used
Commonly two-dimensional but three-dimensional woven fabrics are also available
Two sets are used in plain weaving
In triaxial and in three-dimensional fabrics yarns are arranged differently [3].
Technical Textile Fabric Parameters
End use requirements of Technical Textile:
Strength, thickness, extensibility, porosity and durability, functionality, required thermal properties and chemical properties
Types of Weaving Long list of types of weave, but most common are three
basic methods:
Plain
Twill
Satin
We can have many more types by making changing in these weaves.
Images of weaves
Plain weave [3]
[Visual dictionary]
[http://www.weavingideas.net/us/applications-products/woven-wire-cloth-general/terminolgy/types-of-weave.html]
Triaxial Weave
Two sets of warp are inserted at 60° to the weft
[K2 Triaxial braiding machine]
[4]
[4]
Tetra-axial Weave Tetra-axial fabrics where four sets of yarns are inclined
at 45° to each other [3]
[4]
[4]
[4]
Summary There are a number of methods for spinning
Types of weaving is countless
Selection depends upon the final parameters
References [1] Gong, R.G., and Chen, X., Technical yarns, in Handbook of Technical Textiles A.R. Horrocks, Anand, S. C.,
Editor 2000, Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge.
[2] Sezgin, H., Bahadir, S., Boke, Y. E., Kalaoglu, F. , EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONDUCTIVE YARNS ON HEATING BEHAVIOUR OF FABRICS, in RMUTP International Conference: Textiles & Fashion 20122012: Bangkok Thailand.
[3] Sondhelm, W.S., Technical fabric structures – 1.Woven fabrics, in Handbook of Technical Textiles A.R. Horrocks, Anand, S. C., Editor 2000, Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge.
[4] Badawi, S.S., Development of the Weaving Machine and 3D Woven Spacer Fabric Structures for Lightweight Composites Materials, in Von der Fakultät Maschinenwesen2007, Technischen Universität Dresden.