XXXIX Rencontres de Moriondhome.fnal.gov/~klima/Moriond04_Experimental_Summary.pdf · Moriond/QCD '04 - Experimental Summary Boaz Klima, Fermilab 9 Pentaquarks? mass: 1522 ±3 MeV

XXXIX Rencontres de MoriondQCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions

Experimental Summary

Boaz KlimaFermilab

[email protected]

La Thuile, ItalyApr. 4, 2004

Moriond/QCD '04 - Experimental Summary Boaz Klima, Fermilab 2

Dedicated to the Memory of

1930 - 2003

Great physicist, HEP leader, very creative, and supporter of young scientists and new ideas

For me:Outstanding example, mentor & friend

Lucien Montanet


The Scope

Many exciting talksExcellent resultsNice composition of topics

I enjoyed them a lot – thanks!But…

Monumental task – impossible to cover everythingToo many exciting presentations

~65(!) experimentalToo much excellent material

I had to make choices – picked highlightsNo names will be mentioned - the results are the work of thousands of physicists worldwideExplanation of controversies & puzzles - in the theoretical summary by A. Czarnecki…


Outline

Main Accelerators: present and futurePhysics Highlights

Multi-Quark StatesHeavy Ion InteractionsCore QCDHeavy FlavorsW, Top, and HiggsNew Phenomena Searches

ConclusionsAlmost all results are new and preliminary


World’s Main Machines

The currently active accelerators are working well and producing first-rate collisions

Looks good!

Tevatron

HERA

RHIC

PEP-II

KEK

Au-Au

p - p

CESR

Peak

IntegratedBES-IIDAPHNE

???

Remember

LEP !

And others…

JLAB ITEP


2004200520062007

Lpeak Lint

12.518.22330

(1033) fb-1

260395580880

Near Future

The currently active accelerators are expected to work even better and produce a lot more data

Integrated luminosity vs FY 2004 plan

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2004

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Date

Inte

grat

ed lu

min

osity

ActualBaseDesign

Tevatron

Looks great!0

1

2

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5

6

7

8

9

10

9/29/03 9/29/04 9/30/05 10/1/06 10/2/07 10/2/08 10/3/09

Start of Fiscal Year

Inte

grat

ed L

umin

osity

(fb

-1)

Design Projection

Base Projection

PEP-IIKEK

For example:

And so are the others…


Longer Term

The next generation of accelerators are going to be very exciting (still lots to do to get there…)

The future looks bright!LHC LC “C”

LHC to solve the origin of mass…

…and much, much more

C++…SLHC

? ??


Multi-Quark States


Pentaquarks?

mass: 1522 ± 3 MeVwidth: <20 MeV

Also see Θ-

“New Era in Spectroscopy”

No evidence at BES-II, HERA-B and DELPHI

Have been seen in Fixed Target experiments

(LEPS, DIANA, CLAS, SAPHIR, HERMES,…)

Now seen at NA49, ZEUS, H1,…

Θ+ nK+ or pKs

Ξ5++ Ξπ-

M=1862 ± 2 MeVΓ <18 MeV

First Observation

No evidence at WA89

A Word of Caution


Charmed Pentaquark?

mass: 3099±3(stat) ±5(syst) MeV width: 12 ±3 MeV (exp. resolution)

• signal observed in both D*+ p and D*- p

• (D*p) signal region is enriched in D*

compared to sidebands

• signal observed also in photoproduction

• statistical significance > 5σ

First Observation

No evidence at

The Tevatron experiments should be looking for this object and also for

Beautified Pentaquark (in B0p or B+n)

M ~ 6400 ± 50 MeV

Or Chiral Doubler of…


X(3872)

BELLE’s discovery of the X(3872)

MX = 3873.4 ± 1.4 MeV/c2

Confirmed by BaBar

More studies are being conducted by both collaborations…


X(3872) – Tetraquark?

Both CDF & DØ have confirmed BELLE’s discovery of the X(3872)What is it? Charmonium? DD molecule?? Tetraquarks???

MX = 3871.3 ± 0.7 (stat) ± 0.4 (sys) MeV/c2

∆M = .7749 ± .0031(stat) ± .0030(sys) GeV/c2

X(3872) – ψ(2S) comparison

More studies are being conducted byboth collaborations…


Hexaquarks?

First Observation

Is there another one around 3.85 GeV ?

Searched in: See anomalous structure (inconsistent with phase space):

?


Heavy Ion

Interactions


Introduction

Au+Au collisions @ 200 GeV

The goal: Study Quantum Chromomany-body Dynamics: QGP, CGC

The means: Compare hard scattering production in diff. colliding had. systems

QGP – Quark Gluon Plasma

CGC – Color Glass Condensate

QCD Vacuum (reference) – p+pCold QCD Medium - d+AuHot QCD Medium - Au+Au

Looks scary…


Particle Production

Bulk Observables in p-p, d-Au and Au-Au at RHIC


Exploring (x,Q2) plane

Factor ~2 suppressionpT = 1-3 GeV/c hadron production at η = 3.2

(x2 ~ 10-4 in Au)

Perturbative

non-perturbative

First time a large “shadowing” is seen at small-x and high pT in nuclear syst

So far unexplored perturbative region of nuclear (x,Q2) plane


Nuclear Effects1/

Ntr

igge

rdN

/d(

)

(radians)

Large pT hadrons are suppressedin Au-Au relative to p-p

Large pT angular correlationdisappeared at away side

Low pT angular correlation isthere and stronger than p-p

CGC?

QGP?


Centrality & Rapidity

• Significant centrality dependence of enhancements in Pb-Pb at 158 A GeV/c

• Saturation for the two-three most central bins ?• Enhancements are there at 40 A GeV/c

with the same hierarchy, E(Λ) < E(Ξ)• General agreement with NA50, NA49, and WA97 at 158 A GeV/c; disagreement with NA50 at 40 A GeV/c

NA57NA57

Rapidity dependence of the high PThadron yield suppression (compilation of d-Au data)

CGC?


Peripheral vs Central

Different behaviour between p-A and A-B collisionsStrong suppression of ψ' between peripheral and central A-B interactionsThe ψ' suppression is the same in S-Uand Pb-Pb collisions as a function of centrality

In A-B collisions the ψ' departs from the expected absorption curve

for less central reactions with respect to the J/ψ

CGC?


Charm & Deconfinement

Present models without deconfinement in the early phase do not reproduce the

details of the energy dependence

Phase transition scenario in Statistical Model of the Early stage is compatible with the data

0.0

1.0

2.0STAR Preliminary

Charm Production in d-Au collisions

QGP?


Future

ALICE will exclusively reconstruct D0 mesons in Pb-Pb collisions with dNch/dy = 6000!

Hard probes in AA at LHC with ALICELow mass di-µ

production

J/ψ suppression


Core QCD


Diffraction & ISR

New measurements of the diffractive structure function at large Q²=> good agreement with QCD fit

Diffractive photoproduction of J/ψ at large t => sign of BFKL evolution?

Positive scaling violations (at lowxP=1) till high β value hard pomeron is gluon dominated

New measurements at high Q2

e+e−→π+π− π+π−

BABAR 89.3 fb-1

R measurement from the sum of exclusive

channelswill improve the accuracy

of the hadroniccontribution to

(g-2)µ and αQED(MZ2)

ISR studies at BABAR


The evaluated particle ratios in pA (HERA-B) interactions look very similar to the AA ones (RHIC)

Particle Production

-0.5

0

0.5

-0.5

0

0.5

-0.5

0

0.5

0.1 0.2 0.3

HERMES PRELIMINARYnot corrected for smearing and acceptance effects

Ph⊥/Mπ weighted8% scale uncertainty

AU

T

sin

(φ+φ

s)

π+

AU

T

sin

(φ+φ

s)

π- ″Collins″ angle

xB

AU

T

sin

(φ+φ

s)

π0Maximum possible effect of exclusive vector mesons

z0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

1st measurement of transverse

target spin asymmetries in

DIS

The Cronin Effect

e+/- p → e p γ

Signal of DVCS processDescribed by GPD calculation

DVCS – Deep Virtual Compton Scattering

GPD – Generalized Parton Distributions

HERA-B


Puzzles?

(Still…) More New QCD studies using LEP I data

New ideas & New analysis methods


Particle Correlations

LEP

00SS KK

MC-ref

MIX-ref

Bose-Einstein Fermi-Dirac

pp

MIX-ref

MC-ref

UNLIKE-ref

Fermi-Dirac correlations:

R = 0.10 ± 0.02 ± 0.02 fm (ALEPH)

R = 0.16 ± 0.04 ± 0.03 fm (DELPHI)

Bose-Einstein correlations:

R = 0.57 ± 0.04 ± 0.06 fm (ALEPH)

“Real” Radius or “Apparent” radius?

Size ~ 1 fm

Chaoticity ~ 0.4


Strange & Charm

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

Data2++ states0−+ states2−+ states

M(π+π−π0) [ GeV ]

σ(π+ π− π0 )

[ nb

]

L3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

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80

90

1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4

Data

Fit

Tensor mesons

Scalar mesons

KsKs mass spectrum [ GeV ]

Eve

nts

/30M

eV

L3

Observation of the 2nd

nonet of tensor mesons

58M J/Ψ + 14M Ψ’

See clear σ signal

Observe N*(2020)

Evidence for Ψ(3770) J/Ψπ+ π -

B(J/ Ψ π+π-π0) higher than PDG

a sample positive asymmetry (black)

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-0.025

-0.02

-0.015

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0

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0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Red = s+s- param

Blue = κ-α param

Black = CTEQ-like xs-

x

xs- (x

)

Is the positive strange sea asymmetry the reason that the sin2θw measurement at NuTeV is far off SM?

(see discussion at theoretical summary)

KLOE in energy range 0.35<s0<0.95 GeV:a0

HAD =(376.5 ± 0.8stat ± 5.4syst+theo) 10-10

Good agreement with CMD-2 (VEPP-2M)Confirm the deviation between Theory and Experiment seen for the muon anomly a0

DAΦNE is a Φ Factory


"AVE Transverse" Charge Density: dN/dηdφ

0.0

0.2

0.4

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1.0

0 50 100 150 200 250

ET(jet#1) (GeV)

"Tra

nsve

rse"

Cha

rge

Den

sity

CDF Preliminarydata uncorrectedtheory + CDFSIM

1.96 TeV Charged Particles (|η|<1.0, PT>0.5 GeV/c)

Leading Jet

Back-to-Back

PY Tune A

HW

Jets

Highest mass di-jet event so far

Mjj=1364 GeV/c2

Underlying event studies – tuning MC to agree with data, e.g. charged

particle density (very important!)

Dijet Cross Section – agrees nicely with NLO prediction

Inclusive Jet Cross Section – generated excitement during Run I; Run II - so far so good…


Photons

σ(γ+γ)

Consistent with NLO

σ(γ+b)

Consistent with LO

Tests of QCD; (Diphoton is Background to H→γγ)

Possible signature of New Physics


W/Z Production & Width

MeV402071)( ±=Γ W

Current World Average: 2118 ± 42 MeVStandard Model Prediction: 2092 ± 2.5 MeV

R = 10.94 ± 0.15 (stat) ± 0.13 (syst)

Extracting the W Width:

W Width


Heavy Flavors


Charm

ψ’ KSKL ψ’ ωf2

CDF’s SVT proved to be a huge success (so far, all papers

published by CDF in Run II are on charm!). D0 is now commissioning a

similar system

Best world measurements obtained (Tevatron = Charm Factory)

M(Ds+)-M(D+)=

99.41±0.38(stat.)±0.21(syst.) MeV

“B Factory is also a Charm Factory”14M ψ’ – world’s largest sample


Open Charm

283±24±34240±55±59

276±66

34.1±6.5±4.225+8

-7

38.7±5.3±2.923±5

45.6± 8.0

WidthPDG03BELLE

2403±14±352407±21±35

2308± 36

3.1±1.9±0.90 ± 3.3

2467.6±1.5±0.762459±4

2464.5±1.1±1.92458.9±2.02461.6± 3.9

MassPDG03BELLE

18754±21899810 ± 26573474±670±6565776±869±696Yield

“D+1/2”“D0

1/2”D2*+-D2

*0D2*+D2

*0

Errors on D2* masses and widths smaller than or equal to PDG03 - agreement with

the recent BELLE result

CLEO-III

CLEO-c


1

10

10 2

400 500 600 700 800 900

R. Bonciani

N. Kidonakis

et al.

et al.

E789E771

HERA-B 2000Preliminary 2004

Proton energy (GeV)

σ(

) (

nb/n

ucle

on)

bb–

Beauty

Smaller discrepancy (than before) between data and NLO QCD in γP as well as in DIS

γP DISσbb = 12.3+3.5

-3.2 nb/nucl.Combined J/p ee/µµ

BABAR

GeVGeVmGeVGeVm

eXBBrV

c

b

c

cb s

)02.006.007.018.1()1()02.004.005.061.4()1(

)%06.016.061.10()(10)6.02.04.04.04.41(||

s

s

SL

HQEexp

HQEexp

HQEexp

3HQEexp

α

α

α

ν

±±±=±±±=

±±=→×±±±±= −

Γ

B(B→Xclν), |Vcb| and mb determined with precision of 2% or better!

This is the world’s best measured quark mass to-date - a challenge to

the Tevatron wrt Top mass

HERA II is prepared to

wake the sleeping beauty!

B→DK

Dπ

DK


HQET, mb(µ), and Υ

Testing HQET in B decays

Moments of distributions

constraint parameters

HQET – Heavy Quark Effective Theory


Charmless B Decays

Sin(2β) measurements

All new BaBar resultswith ~110 fb-1

(~120M BB events)

Rare decays aren’t so “rare”

Remember, just 10 years ago this plot was empty…


Λb and Bs

M(Bs) = 5365.50 ± 1.29 (stat) ± 0.94 (sys) MeV/c2

M(ΛB) = 5620.4 ± 1.6 (stat) ± 1.2 (sys) MeV/c2

World’s best measurements from CDF

~400 Bs in ~225 pb-1World’s largest Bs sample from D∅

B0/B0 mixing

∼250 pb-1

∆md = 0.506 ± 0.055 (stat) ± 0.049 (syst) ps-1

Towards Bs mixingDØ RunII Preliminary, Luminosity = 250 pb-1

0

1000

2000

3000

1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2M(φ π+) GeV/c2

B → µ- φ π+ X

9481±253 Ds→φ π+

3365±239 D+→φ π+

µ- φ π+

µ- φ π-


W, Top & Higgs


W mass & WW/WZ

Di-boson Production Cross-sections at

√s=1.96 TeV

W mass measurements(update from LEP)

Using ~40K WW events (world’s largest sample)

0.039

(soon?)


Top Production Cross Section

Combined value will be calculated soon

Double-tag e-µ event


Top Quark MassRecent Updates

Run I data (revisited), ~125 pb-1

mt = 180.1 ± 3.6 ± 3.9(syst) GeV/c2Run II data, ~126 pb-1mt=175.0 +17.4

-16.9 ± 8.4 (syst) GeV/c2

Run II data, ~102 pb-1mt=177.5 +12.7

-9.4 ± 7.1 (syst) GeV/c2

Run II measurements will be more precise than Run I results soon

In the meantime Run I Tevatron average was re-done with D0’s new update

Run II data, ~126 pb-1 Lepton + Jetsmt=177.8 +4.5

-5.0 ± 6.2 (syst) GeV/c2 Likelihood MethodLate Breaking News(approved 5h after talk)


Top Quark MassNew Run I Combination

mHiggs = 117 +67 –45 GeV/c2

Or

mHiggs < 251 GeV/c2 (95% CL)


Top Quark Properties

Single Top Production

σt < 8.5 pb-1 @ 95% CL

<15.8<7.9σs+t (pb)

<19.8<9.0σt (pb)

<13.8<6.4σs (pb)

With SystematicsWithout Systematics

Sensitivity already better than Run I

t-channel search

σs+t < 13.7 pb-1 @ 95% CL

Combined search

Direct Measurement of B(t→Wb)

222-tag

19121-tag

≥4-jet3-jet

49.039.054.0)( +

−=→WbtB

Measurement of W Helicity

New Run I measurement:F0 = 0.56 ± 0.31(stat+mt) ± 0.07 (syst)

More to come soon…


Top at the LHC

Top spin correlations

ATLAS150 pb-1

Reconstruct top without

b-tagging

Today’s signal, tomorrow’s background

LHC is top factoryσ(tt)~830 pb-1 ; 107 events in first year

Precise determination of top mass

If everything works well - 1 GeV error on Top mass by Moriond 2008…


Standard Model Higgs

Understanding the backgroundsW(→eν)bb

At least one b-tag

Good agreement between data and MC in both cases

No b-tagSimilar studies done also in Z(→ee/µµ)b

Search for H → WW(*)

→ l+l-νν where l = e, µ

Excluded cross section times Branching Ratio

at 95% C.L.

“Very demanding analysis –everything has to work very well”


Future of SM Higgs

LHC

) 2

(GeV/cHHiggs Mass m100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140

)-1

Int.

Lu

min

osi

ty p

er E

xp. (

fb

1

10

SUSY/Higgs Workshop(’98-’99)

Higgs Sensitivity Study (’03)statistical power only(no systematics)

Discoveryσ5 Evidenceσ3

95% CL Exclusion

Tevatron

• Results similar to previous study (1999) but now better established• New approaches for background rejection and dijet mass reconstruction show promise• Open Questions:

–What will Tevatron Deliver?–Will the Silicon Detectors Last?

Higgs Sensitivity Study (2003)Fermilab-Pub-03/320-E


Beyond the Standard Model Higgs

(GeV)h(fermiophobic) M60 80 100 120 140

)γγ→

B(h

10-1

1

-1Run I 100 pb

benchmarkmodel

MC prediction-12 fb

LEP

-1Run II 191 pb

DØ Run II Preliminary

(GeV)h(fermiophobic) M60 80 100 120 140

)γγ→

B(h

10-1

1

(GeV)h(topcolor) M60 80 100 120 140

)γγ→

B(h

10-1

1DØ Run II Preliminary

MC prediction-12 fb

Search for H→γγ

H++/-- Search

(GeV)Am80 100 120 140

βta

n

50

100

150DØ Run II Preliminary

MSSM Higgs bosons

= h, H, Aφ), b b→(φbbExc

lude

d at

LE

P

(GeV)Am80 100 120 140

βta

n

50

100

150

Search for Neutral Higgs in MSSM


New Phenomena Searches


SUSY

Search for chargino/neutralino using tri-lepton and missing energy signatureextended the cross section limit for 103 GeV chargino from 1.6 pb (Run1) to 0.6 pb and will soon reach theory prediction of 0.39 pb

New system (CDF TOF) was used to search for long lived particles –

7 events were observed with expected 2.9 +/- 0.7 (stat) +/- 3.1 (sys). The result is used to exclude stop (charged NLSP) masses up to

108 GeV

Many Searches…


Non-SUSY

search in dielectronchannel. Look for mass bumps in the invariant mass distribution. No

excess interpreted under many models

D0’s Search for LED in ee/γγRun I + II : Ms > 1.43 TeV

most restrictive limit to date

Many Searches…

CDFDØ

1.43diEm ( I+II)

0.880100µµ

1.112001.36200diEm

95%C.L(TeV)

L(pb)

95%C.L (TeV)

L(pb)


LHC

Low tan β region:first few weeks of LHC:

reconstruction of squark (res. ~12%)

first year:reconstruction of sbottom and gluino (resolutions ~6÷8%)

Intermediate tan β:first year:

dilepton edge hardly visibleno reconstruction in e,µ channel

high integrated luminosity:reconstruction of squarks, sbottom (~11%) and gluino(~15%)

High tan β:no reconstruction possible in the e-µchannel even with high statisticsReconstruction in the τ channel exploited. Work is going on…

sbottom squarkgluino

Lots of studies these days – Lots of searches in 2007…

…

AFTER AFTER DISCOVERYDISCOVERY

SUSY SUSY SPECTROSCOPYSPECTROSCOPY


Conclusions

Tremendous progress was made over the last yearHuge samples (“factories”) are paying off big timeMajor accomplishments produced exciting resultsBeautiful talks – I really enjoyed them! Thanks!!The field is certainly moving forward nicely in many areas (don’t forget EW, Neutrinos, Cosmology,…)

I will not waste your time repeating (again?!) everything I showed in the last X minutes…

The next several years are going to be very exciting

HEP is doing very well on all frontiers


Thanks!

All the speakers who gave such impressive talks and provided all the exciting resultsThe organizers, lead by Tran Thanh Van and Etienne Auge, for a job very well doneThe administrative staff, lead by Claude Barthelemy, for all the help and supportThe hotel personnel for being effective and courteousThe sun, snow, ski, food and wine for making the atmosphere extremely pleasant and open (and hence productive in many ways…)

Documents

XXXIX Rencontres de Moriondhome.fnal.gov/~klima/Moriond04_Experimental_Summary.pdf · Moriond/QCD '04 - Experimental Summary Boaz Klima, Fermilab 9 Pentaquarks? mass: 1522 ±3 MeV