[XLS]webcivil.comwebcivil.com/liftinglug.xls · Web view1 Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation K1c We =R- Dh/2 Fd a / (Dh / 2 + a) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Stress in

Sample CalculationThickness of Lug (t) = 20 mmWidth of Lug (W) = 200 mmRadius of Circular Section (R) = 100 mm

= 60 mm

= 57 mmDistance from centre of hole to Welding (h)= 100 mmArea of Cross Section = 20 x 200 = 4000Length of Crack ( a ) = 4.5 mm

Temperature (T) = 15

= (60 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m)For -140 < T < 150

= 63

Check For Geometry= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

By Yeild TheoryYeild Strength of Plate = 345 MPaEffective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 = 131Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =

By Fracture Theory=

=

Where, d =d = 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5) = 0.13

= 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]= 2.61

s = Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003Area

=63 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)

1 Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation

Diameter of Hole ( Dh)

Diameter of Pin ( Dp)

Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =oC

Fracture Toughness ( k1c)

K1c oC

We =R- Dh/2

We =R- Dh/2

We =R- Dh/2

K1c Fd . s. Sqrt( p. a)

Fd 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]

a / (Dh / 2 + a)

Fd


Load ( P) = 812 kN

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

1 31 30 66 0.032 3.157 14921.5 31.5 30 66 0.048 3.059 12572 32 30 66 0.063 2.97 1121

2.5 32.5 30 66 0.077 2.89 10313 33 30 66 0.091 2.812 967

3.5 33.5 30 66 0.104 2.743 9184 34 30 66 0.118 2.67 8825 35 30 66 0.143 2.546 827

5.8 35.8 30 66 0.162 2.457 7967 37 30 66 0.189 2.337 7628 38 30 66 0.211 2.246 7419 39 30 66 0.231 2.167 725

10 40 30 66 0.25 2.096 711


1 31 15 63 0.032 3.157 14241.5 31.5 15 63 0.048 3.059 12002 32 15 63 0.063 2.97 1070

2.5 32.5 15 63 0.077 2.89 9843 33 15 63 0.091 2.812 923

3.5 33.5 15 63 0.104 2.743 8764 34 15 63 0.118 2.67 842

4.5 34.5 15 63 0.13 2.61 8126 36 15 63 0.167 2.434 7547 37 15 63 0.189 2.337 7278 38 15 63 0.211 2.246 7089 39 15 63 0.231 2.167 692

10 40 15 63 0.25 2.096 678

Length of Crack ( a )

(mm) (Dh / 2 + a)Temperature (T) oC

Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

Temp = Zero Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

1 31 0 60 0.032 3.157 13561.5 31.5 0 60 0.048 3.059 11432 32 0 60 0.063 2.97 1019

2.5 32.5 0 60 0.077 2.89 9373 33 0 60 0.091 2.812 879

3.5 33.5 0 60 0.104 2.743 8343.7 33.7 0 60 0.11 2.711 8215 35 0 60 0.143 2.546 7526 36 0 60 0.167 2.434 7187 37 0 60 0.189 2.337 6938 38 0 60 0.211 2.246 6749 39 0 60 0.231 2.167 659

10 40 0 60 0.25 2.096 646

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

1 31 -15 57 0.032 3.157 12891.5 31.5 -15 57 0.048 3.059 10862 32 -15 57 0.063 2.97 968

2.5 32.5 -15 57 0.077 2.89 8903 33 -15 57 0.091 2.812 835

3.1 33.1 -15 57 0.094 2.796 8264 34 -15 57 0.118 2.67 7625 35 -15 57 0.143 2.546 7156 36 -15 57 0.167 2.434 6827 37 -15 57 0.189 2.337 6588 38 -15 57 0.211 2.246 6409 39 -15 57 0.231 2.167 626

10 40 -15 57 0.25 2.096 614




Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

1 31 -30 54 0.032 3.157 12211.5 31.5 -30 54 0.048 3.059 10292 32 -30 54 0.063 2.97 918

2.5 32.5 -30 54 0.077 2.89 8432.6 32.6 -30 54 0.08 2.873 8323.5 33.5 -30 54 0.104 2.743 7514 34 -30 54 0.118 2.67 7225 35 -30 54 0.143 2.546 6776 36 -30 54 0.167 2.434 6467 37 -30 54 0.189 2.337 6238 38 -30 54 0.211 2.246 6079 39 -30 54 0.231 2.167 593

10 40 -30 54 0.25 2.096 581


1 31 -45 51 0.032 3.157 11531.5 31.5 -45 51 0.048 3.059 9712 32 -45 51 0.063 2.97 867

2.15 32.15 -45 51 0.067 2.947 8423 33 -45 51 0.091 2.812 747

3.5 33.5 -45 51 0.104 2.743 7094 34 -45 51 0.118 2.67 6825 35 -45 51 0.143 2.546 6396 36 -45 51 0.167 2.434 6107 37 -45 51 0.189 2.337 5898 38 -45 51 0.211 2.246 5739 39 -45 51 0.231 2.167 560

10 40 -45 51 0.25 2.096 549



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC

> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

> 1.5xDh ; Hence OK

Both side of Hole

35 mm

Mpa. Sqrt(m) (60 for Steel WT Caterary 4)

> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

< 5t ; Hence OK

> 2t ; Hence OK

mm814 kN

P

Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

mm2

LOAD (P)

100

mm

200 mm

100

mm

60 mm Dia. hole

Crack Length (a)

Fracture Theory

601 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture510 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture458 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture424 135 838 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture401 134 832 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture383 133 826 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture371 132 820 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture354 130 807 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture344 128.4 797 345 Net Section will Fracture336 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture332 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture330 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture329 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

573 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture487 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture437 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture405 135 838 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture383 134 832 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture366 133 826 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture354 132 820 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture344 131 814 345 Net Section will Fracture327 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture321 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture317 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture315 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture314 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Yeild Theory

Stress in the Net Section

Effective width of

Plate (mm)

Load (P) (kN) -Yeild

TheoryYeild Stress (s)

Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 30 oC

Load (P) (kN) - Fracture Theory

Load (P) (kN) -Yeild Theory

a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

Fracture Theory

546 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture463 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture416 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture386 135 838 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture364 134 832 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture349 133 826 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture344 132.6 823 345 Net Section will Fracture321 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture312 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture305 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture302 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture300 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture299 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

519 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture440 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture396 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture366 135 838 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture346 134 832 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture343 133.8 831 345 Net Section will Fracture321 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture305 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture296 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture290 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture287 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture285 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture284 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC



a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

491 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture417 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture375 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture347 135 838 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture343 134.8 837 345 Net Section will Fracture314 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture304 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture289 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture281 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture275 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture272 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture270 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture269 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

464 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture394 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture354 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture345 135.7 843 345 Net Section will Fracture310 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture296 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture287 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture273 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture265 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture260 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture257 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture255 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture254 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN)

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius


Temp = Zero Degree Celcius

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius


Load (P) (kN) -Yeild Theorya (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400








Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400








Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400








Load

(kN

)

Sample CalculationThickness of Lug (t) = 20 mmWidth of Lug (W) = 200 mmRadius of Circular Section (R) = 100 mm

= 60 mm

= 57 mmDistance from centre of hole to Welding (h)= 100 mmArea of Cross Section = 20 x 200 = 4000Length of Crack ( a ) = 4.5 mm

Temperature (T) = 15

= (40 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m)For -140 < T < 150

= 43

Check For Geometry= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

= 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm

By Yeild TheoryYeild Strength of Plate = 345 MPaEffective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 = 131Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =

By Fracture Theory=

=

Where, d =d = 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5) = 0.13

= 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]= 2.61

s = Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003Area

=43 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)

1 Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation

Diameter of Hole ( Dh)

Diameter of Pin ( Dp)

Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =oC

Fracture Toughness ( k1c)

K1c oC

We =R- Dh/2

We =R- Dh/2

We =R- Dh/2


Fd 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]

a / (Dh / 2 + a)

Fd


Load ( P) = 554 kN


1 31 30 46 0.032 3.157 10401.5 31.5 30 46 0.048 3.059 8762 32 30 46 0.063 2.97 782

2.5 32.5 30 46 0.077 2.89 7183 33 30 46 0.091 2.812 674

3.5 33.5 30 46 0.104 2.743 6404 34 30 46 0.118 2.67 6155 35 30 46 0.143 2.546 577

5.8 35.8 30 46 0.162 2.457 5557 37 30 46 0.189 2.337 5318 38 30 46 0.211 2.246 5179 39 30 46 0.231 2.167 505

10 40 30 46 0.25 2.096 495


1 31 15 43 0.032 3.157 9721.5 31.5 15 43 0.048 3.059 8192 32 15 43 0.063 2.97 731

2.5 32.5 15 43 0.077 2.89 6723 33 15 43 0.091 2.812 630

3.5 33.5 15 43 0.104 2.743 5984 34 15 43 0.118 2.67 575

4.5 34.5 15 43 0.13 2.61 5546 36 15 43 0.167 2.434 5157 37 15 43 0.189 2.337 4968 38 15 43 0.211 2.246 4839 39 15 43 0.231 2.167 472

10 40 15 43 0.25 2.096 463



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

Temp = Zero Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

1 31 0 40 0.032 3.157 9041.5 31.5 0 40 0.048 3.059 7622 32 0 40 0.063 2.97 680

2.5 32.5 0 40 0.077 2.89 6253 33 0 40 0.091 2.812 586

3.5 33.5 0 40 0.104 2.743 5563.7 33.7 0 40 0.11 2.711 5475 35 0 40 0.143 2.546 5016 36 0 40 0.167 2.434 4797 37 0 40 0.189 2.337 4628 38 0 40 0.211 2.246 4499 39 0 40 0.231 2.167 439

10 40 0 40 0.25 2.096 431


1 31 -15 37 0.032 3.157 8361.5 31.5 -15 37 0.048 3.059 7052 32 -15 37 0.063 2.97 629

2.5 32.5 -15 37 0.077 2.89 5783 33 -15 37 0.091 2.812 542

3.1 33.1 -15 37 0.094 2.796 5364 34 -15 37 0.118 2.67 4945 35 -15 37 0.143 2.546 4646 36 -15 37 0.167 2.434 4437 37 -15 37 0.189 2.337 4278 38 -15 37 0.211 2.246 4169 39 -15 37 0.231 2.167 406

10 40 -15 37 0.25 2.096 398




Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

1 31 -30 34 0.032 3.157 7691.5 31.5 -30 34 0.048 3.059 6482 32 -30 34 0.063 2.97 578

2.5 32.5 -30 34 0.077 2.89 5312.6 32.6 -30 34 0.08 2.873 5243.5 33.5 -30 34 0.104 2.743 4734 34 -30 34 0.118 2.67 4545 35 -30 34 0.143 2.546 4266 36 -30 34 0.167 2.434 4077 37 -30 34 0.189 2.337 3928 38 -30 34 0.211 2.246 3829 39 -30 34 0.231 2.167 373

10 40 -30 34 0.25 2.096 366


1 31 -45 31 0.032 3.157 7011.5 31.5 -45 31 0.048 3.059 5912 32 -45 31 0.063 2.97 527

2.15 32.15 -45 31 0.067 2.947 5123 33 -45 31 0.091 2.812 454

3.5 33.5 -45 31 0.104 2.743 4314 34 -45 31 0.118 2.67 4145 35 -45 31 0.143 2.546 3896 36 -45 31 0.167 2.434 3717 37 -45 31 0.189 2.337 3588 38 -45 31 0.211 2.246 3489 39 -45 31 0.231 2.167 340

10 40 -45 31 0.25 2.096 334



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory



Fracture Toughness

( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory

Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC

> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

> 1.5xDh ; Hence OK

Both side of Hole

35 mm

Mpa. Sqrt(m) (40 for Steel W 350)

> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

< 5t ; Hence OK

> 2t ; Hence OK

mm814 kN

P

Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

mm2

LOAD (P)

100

mm

200 mm

100

mm

60 mm Dia. hole

Crack Length (a)

Fracture Theory

419 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture355 137 851 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture319 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture296 135 838 345 Net Section will Fracture279 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture267 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture259 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture246 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture240 128.4 797 345 Net Section will Fracture234 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture232 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture230 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture229 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

391 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture332 137 851 345 Net Section will Fracture298 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture276 135 838 345 Net Section will Fracture261 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture250 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture242 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture235 131 814 345 Net Section will Fracture223 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture219 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture216 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture215 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture214 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

Fracture Theory

364 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture309 137 851 345 Net Section will Fracture278 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture257 135 838 345 Net Section will Fracture243 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture232 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture229 132.6 823 345 Net Section will Fracture214 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture208 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture204 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture201 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture200 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture199 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

337 138 857 345 Net Section will Fracture286 137 851 345 Net Section will Fracture257 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture238 135 838 345 Net Section will Fracture225 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture223 133.8 831 345 Net Section will Fracture208 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture198 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture192 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture188 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture186 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture185 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture184 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

309 138 857 345 Net Section will Fracture263 137 851 345 Net Section will Fracture236 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture219 135 838 345 Net Section will Fracture216 134.8 837 345 Net Section will Fracture198 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture191 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture182 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture177 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture173 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture171 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture170 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture169 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture

Fracture Theory

282 138 857 345 Net Section will Fracture239 137 851 345 Net Section will Fracture215 136 845 345 Net Section will Fracture210 135.7 843 345 Net Section will Fracture188 134 832 345 Net Section will Fracture180 133 826 345 Net Section will Fracture174 132 820 345 Net Section will Fracture166 130 807 345 Net Section will Fracture161 128 795 345 Net Section will Fracture158 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture156 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture155 122 758 345 Net Section will Fracture155 120 745 345 Net Section will Fracture


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



Yeild Theory


Effective width of

Plate (mm)



0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000








Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000








Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800




a (mm)

Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

400

600

800

1000








Load

(kN

)

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

200

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Load

(kN

)

Documents

[XLS]webcivil.comwebcivil.com/liftinglug.xls · Web view1 Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation K1c We =R- Dh/2 Fd a / (Dh / 2 + a) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Stress in