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XIII. Development of the New South. Things to Know. 1. Developments in the South status of African American--rise of segregation and African-American response, i.e. W. E. B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington . Need to Know. Jim Crow Laws legalized segregation. 1883 Civil Rights Cases - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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XIII. Development of the New South
Things to Know1. Developments in the South
status of African American--rise of segregation and African-American response, i.e. W. E. B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington
Need to KnowJim Crow Laws
legalized segregation
1883 Civil Rights CasesCongress could not outlaw discrimination by
private individuals and orgs.
Plessey v. Fergusonlegalized “separate but equal”
XIV. Development in the West
Things to Know1. Developments in the West:
successive frontiers--mining frontier and cattle kingdom
relations with native Americans and development of federal policy
Need to KnowComstock Lode
first U.S. discovery of silver
Central Pacific RailroadCalifornia to Utahpart of transcontinental
Union Pacific Railroad
Promontory Pointpoint where transcontinental railroad was
completed
long drivecattle drive
Joseph Gliddenbarbed wire
Great American Desertwestern part of Great Plains
Sand Creek MassacreCO militia attacked Indian village during
Indian Wars
Battle of Lil BighornCuster’s Last Stand
Nez PerceNative Americans of the Pacific Northwest
Wounded Kneelast conflict b/t Sioux and America
Important Definitions
XV. Industrial America
Things to Know
Need to KnowJohn D. Rockefeller
Standard Oil Co.created trusts
Standard Oiloil producing, transporting, refining, etc
Andrew Carnegiesteel baron…Gospel of Wealth
J.P. MorganU.S. Steel, mergers
horizontal integrationconsolidating to monopolize a given market
(Rockefeller)
vertical integrationcontrolling every factor of production
(Carnegie)
Social Darwinismsurvival of the fittest
Sherman Anti-trust Actfirst federal act to stop monopolies
National Labor UnionWilliam H. Sylvis8 hr day, federal dept. of labor, higher wages
Knights of Laborlabor org., arbitration not violence
Terence Powderlyleader of Knights of Labor
American Federation of LaborSamuel Gompersused political tactics
Samuel GompersAFL
company townall business owned by same company
closed shoponly union members
Cornelius Vanderbiltrailroads, steel rail
Pullman sleeping car
Philip Armour and Gustavus Swiftmeatpacking industry
Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
XVI. Urban Society
Need to KnowWhiskey Ring (Grant)
gov’t officials bribed so distillers get around excise taxes
Credit Mobilier (Grant)railroad scandal
“Boss” Tweed“boss” of Tammany Hall political machine
Tammany HallDem. party political machine
Social GospelChristian ethics to social problems
Salvation Armyattracted poor w/ marching bands, preaching
YMCAhousing and recreation for migrants to cities
Important Definitions
XVII. Populism and Progressivism
Things to Know
Need to KnowThe Grange
Patrons of Husbandryencouraged farmers to band together for well
being
long v. short haulrailroad rates over distances, discrimination
Munn v. Illinoisallowed states to regulate railroads
Interstate Commerce Commissionpower to investigate railroads
William Jennings Bryanfree silver, Populist
merit systempromoted according to ability
Greenback Partysupported paper money
Pendleton Civil Service Actended spoils systemestablished United States Civil Service
Commission
Robert LaFollette
Ida TarbellmuckrakerHistory of the Standard Oil Company
Lincoln SteffensmuckrakerShame of the Cities (corruption)
Upton SinclairThe Jungle, exposed meatpacking practices
Gifford Pinchotfirst chief of United States Forest Service
Northern Securities Case (TR)first anti-trust case against corporate
interests
Hepburn Act (TR)gave Interstate Commerce Commission
power to set max railroad rates (restricted free passes)
Meat Inspection Actsafe food for consumers
Pure Food and Drug Acttruth in labeling
Payne Aldrich Tarifflowered certain tariffs
Eugene Debsunion leader (IWW), socialist pres. candidate
Bull Moose PartyProgressive Party, formed by TR after split in
Republicans
Underwood Tarifflowered tariff rates
Clayton Anti-trust Actlaid out restrictions against monopolies and
punishments
Josiah Strongfounder of Social Gospel Movement
John Haydon’t worry about
Louis BrandeisSupreme Court Justice, Progressive“the people’s lawyer”
Carrie Chapman Cattpres. of National American Woman Suffrage
Associations
Alice Paulsuffrage
Jane AddamsHull House
Frances Willardeducator, suffragist
settlement houseshelped lower income residents of cities
(immigrants)
Jacob RiisHow the Other Half Lives
Important Definitions
XVIII. America as World Power
Things to Know
Need to KnowAlfred Thayer Mahan
control of sea was key to world poweradvocated buildup of navy
DeLome LetterSpanish official criticizes McKinleyone of causes of Sp/Am War
Teller ResolutionU.S. would not annex Cuba once Spanish
kicked out
Emilio AguinaldoFilipino independence leader against US
Open Door Policyall Euro nations and U.S. could trade w/ China
Boxer Rebellionagainst Westerners (China)
Treaty of Portsmouthended Russo-Japanese War (1905)
Gentlemen’s AgreementU.S.
would not limit Japan immigrationJapan
would limit immigration themselves
Platt Amendment (Cuba)withdrew U.S. troopsgave U.S. mil/econ claims (Guantanamo)
Roosevelt CorollaryU.S. can intervene in Lat. Am. economic
affairs
Pancho VillaMexican general
General Pershingleader of American Expeditionary Forces
(WWI)
LusitaniaBrit passenger shipsinking brought U.S. into WWI
Sussex PledgeGerman promise that passenger ships would
not be sunk
Zimmerman TelegramMex. gets old territory if allies w/ Germ
Treaty of Brest-LitovskRussia’s exit from WWI
Selective Service Actauthorized draft
War Industries Boardcoordinated purchase of war supplies
Bernard Barucheconomic advisor to Wilson and FDR
Creel Committeeinfluenced U.S. public opinion on entry into
WWI
Fourteen Pointslaid out Wilson’s plan for postwar peace and
prosperity
Paris Peace Conferencemeeting of Allied victors to set peace terms
Treaty of Versaillesended WWI
Henry Cabot Lodge
Important Definitions
XIX. The Twenties
Things to Know
Need to KnowA. Mitchell Palmer
raids against “Red Scare”
Ohio Gangpoliticians associated w/ Hardingknown for corruption
Teapot Dome Scandal (Harding)leased oil lands w/o competitive bidding
Andrew MellonSec of Treasury under Harding
Hawley Smoot Tariffraised tariffs to record levelscontributed to G. Depression
Emergency Quota Act (1921)
Emergency Quota Act (1924)limited immigration to 2% of the current
American pop. from that country
Charles Lindberghfirst to solo the Atlantic
T.S. Eliotpoet, playwright of modernist movement
F. Scott Fitzgeraldauthor of the Jazz Age
Theodore Dreiserfounder of naturalist school, character’s
value is in overcoming obstacles
Sinclair Lewisfirst American to win Nobel Prize for
Literature
Ernest Hemingway
Gertrude Smithcatalyst of modern art and literature
Harlem Renaissanceblossoming of Afr. Am. culture and arts
Langston Hughespoet, most well known of Harl. Ren
Marcus GarveyUnited Negro Improvement Associationled first black mass movement in America
flappersrebellious women of the 20s
speakeasiessecret clubs w/ alcohol during prohibition
fundamentalismliteral belief in the Bible
bootleggers“moonshine runners”
Henry FordModel T, assembly line
Frederick Taylorfounder of scientific management (efficiency
in factories)
Margaret Sangerbirth control
Volstead Actprohibition
prohibitionalcohol illegal
Lost Generationwriters “lost” in a greedy, materialistic world
Important Definitions