Xenics Presentation - STEMMER IMAGINGpages.stemmer-imaging.de/techforum-download/pdf/XENICS-GDZ_Ho… · Outline • Xenics Company Introdcution ~ 3 min • Which IR Basics should

Xenics Presentation A 25 minute crash course in Thermography How to improve accuracy / repeatability on non-contact temperature measurement by selecting the right IR spectrum

Copyright 2015 | Guido DEUTZ

Outline Xenics Company Introdcution ~ 3 min Which IR Basics should you be aware of? ~ 6 min

- Atmospheric Windows - Infrared Reflected Light vs. Thermal Imaging vs. Thermography

Where does Thermography reliably works?~ 12 min - Spectral Intensity of ideal IR radiator - Material categories and relevant object criteria

Conclusions ~ 3 min - Benefits of non-contact temperature measurement - What you should have learned ! - Infrared & Thermal IR @ Xenics / Stemmer Imaging

Question & Anwers ~ 1 min 2

Xenics Company Introduction

Xenics Introduction & History

Independent, European supplier of IR cameras & detectors Leading supplier of line-scan and 2D InGaAs SWIR detectors Founded October 16th, 2000 as Spin-off of IMEC

(institute for nanoelectronics of University of Leuven) Profitable since 2004

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HQ in Leuven (East of Brussels)

Core Competences

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Detector technology

ROIC design

Electronics

Mechanics

Embedded software

User software

Radiometry

Image enhancement

Mission Statement

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Our mission is to be a worldwide leading provider of infrared / thermal cameras and SWIR detectors.

Which IR Basics should you be aware of ? Atmospheric Windows Infrared Reflected Light vs. Thermal Imaging vs. Thermography

Atmospheric IR Windows

LWIR: 8 to 14m

SWIR: 0,9 to 1,7 / 2,5 m

MWIR BB: 1 to 5m VisNIR/SWIR: 0,4 to 1,7 m

Overview of atmospheric transmission under typical ambient conditions. Not all radiation can travel free in space. Air transmission distortion results from absorption bands of e.g. water vapor, carbon dioxide etc. Transmission curve depends on air temperature, water vapor (=> e.g. IR use on open sea)

Infrared @ Xenics: Vis = Visible Light VisNIR/SWIR = Visible - SWIR SWIR = Short Wave IR MWIR = Mid Wave IR LWIR = Long Wave (IR) FIR = Far IR

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Im

pac

Infra

red

MWIR: 3 to 5 m

SWIR vs. LWIR Imaging

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X-Ray UV VIS NIR SWIR MWIR LWIR

X-Ray Ultra Violet Visible Near

IR Short Wave Mid Wave

Long Wave

0.01-10 nm

10-400 nm

400750 nm

750-1100 nm

1.1-2.5 um

3.0-5.0 um

7.0-14 um

Dr. Austin Richards Active NIR / SWIR

reflectivity Passive thermal

radiation

Thermal Imaging vs. Thermography Thermal Imaging Thermography

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Non-uniformity correction (NUC) vs. black body (BB) radiators allows: See temperature distribution

on the same surface ! No relative temperature quantification

(= No T on the same surface) No absolute temperature determination

(= No Tabs on surface 1, surface 2, )

NUC + LUT + sensor calibration algorithm on given BB temperature allows: See temperature distribution

on the same surface ! Relative temperature quantification

(= T on the same surface) Absolute temperature determination via

surface emissivity ( ) (Tabs on the same surface) (Tabs on surface 1 vs. Tabs on surface 2, )

Just Imaging Imaging + Temp.Measurement

Colder tire sidewall

Warmer tire shoulder

~ 5 C on tire sidewall

> 30 C on tire shoulder

~ 25C on wheel rim

Hotter wheel rim ?

Where does Thermography reliably works ? Spectral Intensity of ideal IR radiator Material categories and relevant object criteria

Spectral Intensity of ideal IR radiator

Wiens Displacement Law describes that the max. spectral intensity of an emitting black body shifts towards shorter wavelengths as the temperature rises

Copyright 2015 | 12 Thermography introduction

LWIR: 8 to 14m

SWIR: 0,85 to 2,5 m

MWIR: 3 to 5m

NIR: 0,9 to 1,1 m

Plancks Law Radiance over wavelength

Apart of the idealized theory were living in the real world and have to follow real life scenarios

As a matter of fact each material has his individual ability to radiate heat which is called Emissivity and typically used with the letters or e - Remember school physics:

White vs. Black object in the sun. Which object becomes warmer?

Why do we need to speak about Emissivity?


Typical Emissivity of Real-Life Objects

Scenario 1: = 0 IR Non-Transparent

100% IR Temp.Signal = Emitted Temp. () + Reflect.Temp () + Transm.Temp. ()

TBackground

TObject

TBehind_Object

Signal

Scenario 2: 0 IR Transparent

100% = + TBackground

TObject

TBehind_Object

Signal

100% = + +


Which type of material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?

So called Non-Metals Typ. Materials:

Plastics Fluids Rubber Painted parts Paper Asphalt Ceramics Wood Textiles Glass Food Coated metals

LWIR: 8 to 14m

NIR/SWIR: 0,85 to 2,5 m

MWIR: 3 to 5m

vs.


Which typical material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?

So called Metals

LWIR: 8 to 14m


MWIR: 3 to 5m

Typ. Materials: Ferrous Metals

Iron Steel

Non-Ferrous Met. Aluminium Copper Lead Nickel Zinc

vs.



IR transparent Materials: Glass (Soda-Lime)

LWIR: 8 to 14m


MWIR: 3 to 5m

vs.

vs.

Attention: Other sorts of glass (e.g. brown, green, ..) may have a slightly different e-curve!



IR transparent Materials: Thin HDPE films (e.g. PE, PP)


Attention: Do not measure the background signal by too broad selected IR spectrum

3,43m

Temperature reading errors caused by 10% wrong emissivity settings

Reading error caused by 10% wrong -setting. E.g. TObject = 1.000C TError @ 814m = 80 C TError @ 4,55,5m = 55 C TError @ 2,02,8m = 30 C TError @ 1,41,8m = 20 C TError @ 0,71,1m = 12 C

Recommendation: Select the measurement wavelength

to be as short as possible to increase accuracy and repeatability to

improve reading as good as possible!


And in practice?

A practical example for a house man living in Belgium at our booth!

The Xenics 100 C iron OR How to determine emissivity?

Black HighTemp Paint Up to 650C

Silver HighTemp Paint Up to 800C

5mm thick Glass Aluminum Foil


Aluminum Foil

A practical example for a house man living in Belgium at our booth!

The Xenics 100 C iron OR How to determine emissivity?

Black HighTemp Paint Up to 650C

Silver HighTemp Paint Up to 800C

5mm thick Glass Aluminum Foil


100C e = 100%

50C e = 50%

30C e = 30%

90C E = 90C

Conclusions Benefits of non-contact temperature measurement What you need to be aware of ! Infrared & Thermal IR @ Xenics / Stemmer Imaging

Conclusion: Benefits of non-contact temperature meas.

Thermal IR as non-contact thermometry method allows to: - Measure temperatures on moving objects e.g.

passing car tire and brakes

- Temperature measurement on objects at long distances e.g. rotary kilns in cement industry

- Act w/o reading interference as contact-thermometry e.g. thermocouples on ICs, PCBs,

- Maintenance-friendly sensor as thermocouples will worn-out resp. destroyed in high temperature applications or in aggressive environments


Conclusion 1: What you should have learned !

Material categories - IR Non-Transparent

Non-Metals Metals

- IR (Semi-) Transparent Glass Thin plastic foils

Relevant object (material) criteria - Average emissivity at used wavelength

and applicable reading error NIR/SWIR MWIR LWIR


Conclusion 2: What you hopefully learned?

What did you hopefully learned today? - Some guys in Belgium have very strange irons - To look at an iron by an infrared device can be a cool thing to do - To handle Emissivity and measure temperatures by IR is easy as

long as I use my brain:

Non-Metals are easy to measure in LWIR due to a good overall emissivity

Metals are okay in NIR/SWIR/MWIR if you take care of background reflections

IR transparent materials e.g. glass or plastics have sometimes weird e-curves. Fist look up for those information before selecting the spectral wavelength. Copyright 2013 | Thermography introduction 26

Infrared & Thermal IR @ Xenics

Xenics offers - Industrial reliable un-cooled & cooled

SWIR / MWIR / LWIR Cameras

- Optional or on-board camera calibration for Xenis Thermography cameras

- Analytic Software End-User Pakages and Windows/Linux SDKs (C# and LabVIEW)

- Dedicated technical support incl. application teams via established sales channel partners

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SWIR Bobcat-Series

LWIR Gobi-Series

MWIR Onca-Series

100% = + +

Xeneth

Reference literature used

Reference and to Infrared-Thermometer Handbook (LTI)

Copyright 2013 | Thermography introduction 28

Full Basics of Physical principles Properties of real

objects Emissivity of

various materials Determining

emissivity of an object

Choosing the spectral response

Thank you for your attention Hope to see you again & Enjoy Thermography !

Xenics PresentationOutlineXenics Company IntroductionXenics Introduction & HistoryCore CompetencesMission StatementWhich IR Basics should you be aware of ?Atmospheric IR WindowsSWIR vs. LWIR ImagingThermal Imaging vs. ThermographyWhere does Thermography reliably works ?Spectral Intensity of ideal IR radiatorWhy do we need to speak about Emissivity?Typical Emissivity of Real-Life ObjectsWhich type of material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?Which typical material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?Which typical material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?Which typical material group exist and what are their typical emissivity's?Temperature reading errors caused by 10% wrong emissivity settingsAnd in practice?A practical example for a house man living in Belgium at our booth!A practical example for a house man living in Belgium at our booth!ConclusionsConclusion:Benefits of non-contact temperature meas.Conclusion 1:What you should have learned !Conclusion 2:What you hopefully learned?Infrared & Thermal IR @ XenicsReference literature usedThank you for your attention

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Xenics Presentation - STEMMER IMAGINGpages.stemmer-imaging.de/techforum-download/pdf/XENICS-GDZ_Ho… · Outline • Xenics Company Introdcution ~ 3 min • Which IR Basics should