:;;: ... l1li. (J)3 Z a: f-2

2 3 4 THICKNESS OF LEAD (INCHES)

.\MERSHAM - RADIATION SAFETY HANDBOOK

FIGURES

57

FIGURES

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 THICKNESS OF IRON (INCHES)

58 AMERSHAM - RADIATION SAFETY HANDBOOK

FIGURES

o 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 THICKNESS OF CONCRETE (INCHES)

AMERSHAM - RADIATION SAFETY HANDBOOK 59

FIGURES

1.0

60

2.0 THICKNESS OF TUNGSTEN (INCHES)

3.0

AMERSHAM - RADIATION SAFETY HANDBOOK

1.0 2.0 THICKNESS OF URANIUM (INCHES)

AMERSHAM - RADIATION SAFETY HANDBOOK

FIGURES

3.0

61

Exposure parameters: COMMON LOGARITHMS STRUCTURIX 02,03 s.c., 03,04, OS, 07, 08 Log number Log number Log number Log number Log number Log number 200 kV - Pb-screens 0,00 1,00 0,55 3,55 1,05 11,2 1,60 39,8 2,05 112 2,60 398

STRUCTURIX o6R, F08p 0,05 1,12 0,60 3,98 1,10 12,6 1,65 44,7 2,10 126 2,65 447 0,10 1,26 0,65 4,47 1,15 14,1 1,70 50,1 2,15 141 2,70 501 200 kV - RCF-screens (5s exposure) 0,15 1,41 0,70 5,01 1,20 15,9 1,75 56,2 2,20 159 2,75 562

Processing parameters: 0,20 1,59 0,75 5,62 1,25 17,8 1,80 63,1 2,25 178 2,80 631 8utOm. proc.: 8 min cycfe, 0,25 1,78 0,80 6,31 1,30 20,0 1,85 70,8 2,30 200 2,85 708

devef. G 135 0,30 2,00 0,85 7,08 1,35 22,4 1,90 79,4 2,35 224 2,90 794 82.4 of (28C) 0,35 2,24 0,90 7,94 1,40 25,1 1,95 89,1 2,40 251 2,95 891

0,40 2,51 0,95 8,91 1,45 28,2 2,00 100,0 2,45 282 3,00 1000 0,45 2,82 1,00 10,00 1,50 31,6 2,50 316 0,50 3,16 1,55 35,5 2,55 355

Exposure charts can be very useful for setting the correct exposure. The charts shown here are meant only as a guide, as the correct exposure will depend on the equipment used and on the development conditions.

~j 'I

i I i

I

I

~FJJdhIilUMiD.AIASH.EET . FUJI !NDUSTR!"'IAiiADI0Gf.IAAldJGtfilLlM

~CTERISTIC CURVE

.?;-'(;5 c Q) o

Manual Processing

4.5.---~~-r--~---.--~~--~--~---.--~----r---;----r--~---.

4.0

EXPOSURE: 200KV Xrays . SCREEN: Lead screens O.03mm (",",0.001 inch) ........ i ................. -.i ................ _ ... ; ......... .

thick front & back :;:1 FILTER: Steel9mm (~O.35 inch) 1. :.: 1. PROCESSOR: Manual Tank DEVELOPING TIME AND DEVELOPER TEMPERATURE:

5min./20C (68F) .. DEVELOPER: FUJI HIRENDOLI

3.5 1-----7: --+--:;:---1---:;--+, --:-; -.-Hr--~; r--+-:r--:-: -#,-. -1--+/ --7:---1 -L___ -__J_ -----+---j---)--. --- L--i-r

3.0' ." ,. .,

........... ; ........... i

1.0~--~--4---~--~--~--~--~~--++~++--+r--~---+---+--

.......... -:-- ............... _-_.-:._-_ .. . . .

.

0.5~--~---+--~~-A~--~/L-~--~~~~~~--~--~~--~---7--~

O.OL-__ ~ __ L_ __ ~ __ L_~ __ ~~~~ __ L_~ __ ~ __ ~ __ ~~~--~ o 1.0 2_0 3.0

Log Relative Exposure

Automated Processing 5 Minute Development 68F.

o 1.0 2.0 3.0

LOG RELATIVE EXPOSURE Characteristic curves of KODAK INDUSTREX Films. Processing-KoDAK Industrial X-OMAT Proces'sor, Model B, with KODAK INDUSTREX Developer Replenisher at 81 0 F, and KODAK INDUSTREXFixer and Replenisher. Exposure-200 kilovolt x-rays with lead screens(as specified in ANSI PH2.8). Curves for other x-ray and gamma-ray qualities will be approximately the same shape but spaced differently along the log relative exposure axis.

)0-r-Z 2.0 LJ.J Cl

Manual Processing

R-(Sing Ie . ..

. '

Exposure Charts

KODAK Industrex R Film (Single Coated)

KODAK Industrex R Film (Double Coated)

w 0::: ,., :::> . VI o a. >< W 1 .

I " o 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75

Inches of Steel (Thickness)

L I , o 0.25 050 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75

Inches of Steel (Thickness)

KODAK Industrex M Film

KODAK Industrex TMX Film

UJ 0:: ::.) Vl 0 Cl... X UJ UJ

~ ~ -1 UJ 0::

UJ 0:: ::.) Vl 0 Cl... X UJ I.U > ~ -1 UJ 0::

100 , ,

10 , ,

100 , ,

10 9

0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 Inches of Steel (Thickness)

0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 Inches of Steel (Thickness)

1.50

1.50

1.75

1.75

Exposure Charts

KODAK Industrex T Film

KODAK Industrex AA Film

KODAK Industrex AX Film

100 ,

w 0::: ' :J VI o a.. X W 3 ...

L.i ililll~~ , . , .

..

J.

o 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.7 5 Inches of Steel (Thickness)

w 0::: :J . VI o a.. X W 3..

! '111111111111111111 " I.. I " I

o 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 Inches of Steel (Thickness)

Iridium 192

Cobalt 60

w 0::: :J Vl o 0... X W

~ ~ w 0:::

w 0::: :J Vl o 0... X W W > ~ ...J W 0:::

100

o

.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Inches of Steel (Thickness)

2 3 4 5 Inches of Steel (Thickness)