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Frederick H. Hackeman CAMP 85C
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Next Camp Meeting**TBD**, 2020 - 6 p.m.
Location - Lincoln Twp Library, 2099 W John Beers Rd, Stevensville
Commander’s RamblingsBrothers, Well, here we are, still in limbo. At some point here we will need
to find a way to come together for a meeting and get to nominations and election of 2020/2021 officers. And then look forward to the next year’s schedule of meetings. So I am open to suggestions for both of these items. Presumably, almost all members have access to a computer and the Internet. Or, for Glen maybe a visit with a Brother with access. This possibility could mean that we could have a Zoom meeting to conduct the more important agenda items from above. I have participated in a few of these and it does provide a means of keeping a group involved. Albeit in not the perfect way that a in person meeting does. The upside is that any Brother who might not be able to travel to get to the meeting can participate vir-tually.
So. Now to the nitty-gritty. I want all camp brothers to think about these things and to send me your thoughts/suggestions on:• Nominations of Officers. Basically, who do you want to nomi-
nate for Commander, Senior Vice-Commander, Junior Vice-Com-mander, three members of the Camp Council, Secretary, Trea-
In this IssuePage 1 - Commander’s RamblingsPage 2 - Maj Gen John C FremontPage 3 - Alonzo Goodenough storyPage 4 - List of Pensioners on the RollPage 4 - National & Department EventsPage 5 - Civil War Time LinePage 10 - Book ReviewPage 11 - Member Ancestors ListPage 12 - Berrien County in Civil War
Commander to Page 5
Page 2
Meeting Schedule
Our meeting schedule is Al-ternate months between September through May meeting on the 2nd Thursday of every month except as not-ed. At 6:00 PM.
Location - Currently - Lincoln Twp Public Library
7th corps Kepi patch
Camp Training Aids As located on the Department of MIchigan web site. It is.recommended that Camp
members visit these URLs and familiarize themselves with the information contained within these documents.
Handbook of Instruction for the Department Patriotic Instructorhttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Department%20PI%20Handbook.pdf
Handbook of Instruction for the Camp Patriotic InstructorMissing link
Handbook of Instruction for the Civil War Memorials Officerhttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Michigan%20CWM%20Handbook.pdf
Department Membership Initiativehttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/DeptMemInitiative.pdf
Department of Michigan Member Recruitment & Retention Reporthttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Dept%20of%20Michigan%20Member%20Recruit-
ment%20&%20Retention.pdf
National Chaplain’s Handbookhttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Dept%20of%20Michigan%20Member%20Recruit-
ment%20&%20Retention.pdf
Recommended Education & Additional Department Officer Dutieshttps://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Department%20Orders/Series%202017-18/Recommend-
ed%20Ed%20&%20Add%20Dept%20Officer%20Duties.pdf
Frémont Emancipation The Frémont Emancipation was part
of a military proclamation issued by Major General John C. Frémont (1813–1890) on August 30, 1861 in St. Louis, Missouri during the early months of the American Civil War. The proclamation placed the state of Missouri under mar-tial law and decreed that all property of those bearing arms in rebellion would be confiscated, including slaves, and that confiscated slaves would subsequently be declared free. It also imposed capital punishment for those in rebellion against the federal government.
Frémont, a career army officer, fron-tiersman and politician, was in com-mand of the military Department of the West from July 1861 to October 1861. Although Frémont claimed his procla-mation was intended only as a means of deterring secessionists in Missouri, his policy had national repercussions, po-tentially setting a highly controversial
precedent that the Civil War would be a war of liberation.
For President Abraham Lincoln Fremont to page 6
Unknown author - McClure’s Mag-azine, May, 1907, p. 43; scanned by Bob Burkhardt
Page 3
Donations to SUVCW
Can you write off donations to a 501 C 4?Contributions to civic leagues or other section 501(c)(4) or-
ganizations generally are not deductible as charitable contri-butions for fed-eral income tax purposes. They may be deduct-ible as trade or business expens-es, if ordinary and necessary in the conduct of the taxpayer’s business.
Commander from Page 1
Ancestor Bi-ographies Needed
Whatever you may have on your ancestor’s life story submit for inclusion of future issues. It can be short or long as it takes to tell us about your ancestor’s life, i.e., what he did before the war, where he served, and if he survived, what he did after the war - farmer, merchant, politi-cian, etc. And if your family history has a pho-tograph submit that, too.
surer (or Secretary-Treasurer), Camp Delegate(s) and Alternate(s) to the Department Encampment.
• What do you suggest for 2020-2021 meeting schedule? First meeting in September and then in NOvember (in-stallation)? Maintain an alternate monthly meeting even during winter months? Or, a hiatus during winter and pick up in March and continue through June/July? Or some other arrangement?
So the ball is in your court. Send me your thoughts on the above items please. I’ll send out the replies after receiving all suggestions. And as always, PLEASE send me stories about your ancestor for inclusion - note Ray’s submission at right. Include any picture you may have of your ancestor.
Yours in Fraternity, Charity, and LoyaltySteve Williams, Frederick H. Hackemann, Camp 85 Commander
Ray Truhn’s AncestorThis was my Great-
grandfather, Alonzo Goodenough. DOB - DOD. (20 March 1841 -. 13 March 1916)
Apprenticed as a black-smith in his father’s blacksmith shop.
Enlisted in the 2nd Vermont Infantry - 27 May 1861representing the town of Readsboro, Vermont. Mustered into service 20 June 1861 as Private in Company A. The 2nd Vermont’s first engagement was the Battle of First Bull Run 21July 1861. Promoted to Corporal 06 February 1863. Wounded at battle of Marye’s Heights 03 May 1863. Hit with a mini-ball in the left leg. First enlistment time is up and mustered out of the service 29 June 1864. Re-enlisted 25 August 1864 and rejoins his old unit, Company A, 2nd Vermont Infantry as Pri-vate. Promoted back to rank of Corporal, 17 Oc-tober 1864. Wounded at battle of Cedar Creek 19 October 1864. Hit with a mini-ball in right shoulder. The ball entered his armpit, traveled under his skin, down his arm and exited at his elbow. Promoted to rank of Sergeant 01 Novem-ber 1864. The 2nd Vermont’s last engagement was the Battle of Sailor’s Creek 06 July 1865.
09 April 1865 General Lee surrenders. 02 June 1865 General Smith surrenders. War was former-ly over.
The service of the 2nd Vermont Infantry closed with participation in the Grand Review of the Union Armies at Washington, after which the Regiment returned to Burlington, Vermont.
Alonzo was mustered out of military service 15 July 1865. There were 866 originally members of the 2nd Vermont mustered in in 1861. During the course of the war, there were an additional 992 gains as replacements for killed, wounded, sick, mustered out, captured, promoted to other regiments, etc. Bringing the total membership over the life of the war to 1858. Of the 1858 total membership, 224 were killed in action or died of their wounds. 136 died of disease, 22 died in Confederate prison camps, 3 died from accidents and 1 executed. 692 were wounded and 129 taken prisoner. There were additional losses from desertion and dishonorable discharges.
Alonzo moved to Galien, Michigan in the fall of 1865 where he met Margaret Heckathorn and they married March 1866. Bought a farm and raised 9 Children.
Alonzo’s brother, Francis, enlisted in the 20th Indiana Infantry, Company E. Was wounded and crippled for life at Gettysburg.
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Upcoming EventsNational
Stay tuned for information about the 2020 National Encampment being hosted by our Brothers in the Department of Georgia and South Carolina.
Atlanta Marriot Buckhead Hotel and Convention Center3405 Lenox Road North East, Atlanta, GA 30326Dates: August 13 – 16, 202
Camp .
• September TBD 2020 Camp meeting TBD
Officers 2020 - 2021
Camp Commander: Steven Williams
SVC: Rex Dillman
JVC: Charles L Pfauth Sr
Secretary :Ray Truhn
Treasurer : Ray Truhn
Council 1: Charles L Pfauth Jr
Council 2: Keith Chapman
Council 3: Charles L Pfauth Sr
Patriotic Instructor: Ted Chamberlain
Chaplain : Steven Williams
Graves & Memorials: Rex Dillman
Historian: Rex Dillman
Signals Officer:
Steven Williams
Guide: Jeff Chubb
Guard: Jeff Chubb
Color Bearer: Rex Dillman
JROTC contact: Unassigned
EditorSteve Williams
47th Congress, 2d Session Ex. Doc. 84, Part 4
List of Pensioners on the RollJanuary 1, 1883
THE NAME OF EACH PENSIONER, THE CAUSE FOR WHICH PENSIONED, THE POST OFFICE ADDRESS, THE RATE OF PEN-
SION PER MONTH, AND THE DATE OF ORIGINAL ALLOWANCEWASHINGTON: Government Printing Office, 1883.
Surname/Given - Middle/Cause/Monthly Rate/Certificate No./Original Date/Post Office/Co.
CHAMBERLAIN - ElizaA. - widow - $8.00 - 27716 - x- Pipestone - Berrien
GOODENOUGH - Alonzo - g.s.w.r.shoulder - $6.00 - 197117 - Oct. 1881 - Three Oaks -Berrien
GOODENOUGH - Francis H - g.s.w.thro.l.hip - $10.00 - 55937 - x - Three Oaks - Berrien
g.s.w. = gun shot wound l. = left
r. = rightthro. = through
http://www.mifamilyhistory.org/civilwar/1883Pension/county.aspx?id=Berrien Transcribed and © copyright by Donna Hoff-Grambau, 2001
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The purpose of this newsletter is to inform the members of Frederick H. Hackeman Camp 85 of activities and events related to the mission of the SUVCW and its interests.
If you wish to place a civil war article or SUVCW item please submit to the Editor at [email protected]
The Editor reserves the right to censor and/or edit all material submitted for publication to the Camp Com-municator newsletter without notice to the submitter.
Camp WebsiteBe sure and visit our Camp Website at http://www.suvcwmi.org/camps/camp85.php.
Sutler LinksLink to list of vendors for any items to fill out
your uniform and re-enactor accessories.
http://www.fighting69th.org/sutler.htmlhttp://www.ccsutlery.com/
http://www.crescentcitysutler.com/index.htmlhttp://www.regtqm.com/
http://www.cjdaley.com/research.htmhttp://www.fcsutler.com/
https://www.militaryuniformsupply.com/civil-war-reenactment-clothing-gear
Department of Michigan Officers Commander - Terry McKinch, PCC Senior VC - Nathan Smith, CCJunior VC - David RamseyMembers of the Council - Charles Worley, PDC Steven S Martin, CC David S. SmithSecretary - Dick Denney,CCTreasurer - Bruce S.A. GoslingChief of Staff Donald ShawCounselor - James B. Pahl, PCinCChaplain - Steve Williams, CCPatriotic Instructor - David Kimble, CCColor Bearer - Edgar J. Dowd, PCCSignals Officer - Robert R. Payne, PCCEditor, “Michigan’s Messenger” - Richard E. Danes, PCCHistorian - Keith G Harrison, PCinCGuide - L. Dean Lamphere, Sr.Guard - Gene TaylorGraves Registration Officer- Richard E. Danes, PCCGAR Records Officer- Gary L. Gibson, PDCCivil War Memorials Officer- John H. McGillEagle Scout Coordinator - Nathan TingleyCamp-At-Large Coordinator - L. Dean Lamphere, Jr., PDCCamp Organizer James B. Pahl, PCinCMilitary Affairs Officer - Edgar J. Dowd, PCCAide-de-camp Keith Harrison
Civil War Time line:
August in the Civil War1861
August 2 Congress passed the first national Income tax measure calling for 3% on incomes over $800. The bill also provided for new and stiffer tariffs. (It was never enforced and was revised in 1862) Sporadic skirmishes throughout the states. August 10 Battle of Wilson’s Creek (MO) Au-gust 14 – Maj. Gen. Fremont declared martial law in St Louis MO. President Davis proclaimed banishing of aliens who did not acknowledge the authority of the Confeder-ate States of America. August 16 President Lincoln pro-claimed that the inhabitants of the Confederate States “are in a state of insurrection against the United States , and that all commercial intercourse, “ with certain exceptions, between loyal and rebellious states was unlawful. August 20 Maj. Gen. George B McClelland assumed command of the newly organized Department and the Army of the Potomac for the Union. August 27 Attack on Cape Hatteras Forts Begin August 28 Capture of Fort Hatteras August 30 Fremont’s Emancipation Proclamation Maj. Gen. John Charles Fre-mont wrote and then issued his famous unauthorized eman-cipation proclamation and order of confiscation. Declaring martial law throughout Missouri.
1862
August 4 President Lincoln ordered a draft of 300,000 militia to serve for nine months. Unless discharged sooner. This draft was never put into effect. August 5 Engage-ment at Baton Rouge, Louisiana. August 6 Loss of CSS Arkansas The Federal ironclad Essex and four other ves-sels attacked Arkansas at Baton Rouge August 9 Battle of Cedar Mountain or Slaughter Mountain, Virginia August 12 John Hunt Morgan was active again, capturing Gallatin, Tenn and a Union garrison. August 17 Sioux Uprising begins In southwestern Minnesota on this day the tragic Sioux uprising began and lasted until September 23. The Sioux, allegedly facing semi-starvation on their reserva-tions, revolted. August 24 CSS Alabama commissioned. Near the Azores in the Atlantic, CSS Alabama was commis-sioned as a cruiser of the Confederate Navy and received its armament and supplies. August 26 Second Bull Run or Manassas Campaign begins at Manassas Junction August 28 Groveton or Brawner’s Farm, Virginia and Bragg Be-gins Confederate Campaign into Tennessee and Kentucky August 29 Second Battle of Manassas or Bull Run, Virginia August 30 Second Battle of Manassas or Bull Run, Virginia Concluded and Battle of Richmond, Kentucky
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1863
August 1 Prominent Confederate spy Belle Boyd was in prison in Washington for the second time after her arrest in Martinsburg, W VA. August 17 First Great Bombardment of Fort Sumter August 19 Northern authorities resumed the draft in New York City with no difficulties, although troops protected the draft headquarters against a repetition of the disastrous riots of July. August 21 Sacking of Lawrence Kansas August 29 In Charleston Harbor the Southern submarine H. L. Hunley sank with five men lost..
1864
August 5 Battle of Mobile Bay …Adm. Farragut, in the ort rigging of the Hartford, is said to have shouted, “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead.” August 9 A tremendous explosion rocked City Point VA, killing 43, injuring 126 and causing vast property damage. August 18 Battle of the Weldon Railroad, Virginia, Begins August 19 Battle of the Weldon Railroad, Virginia, Continues August 25 Battle of Ream’s Station, Virginia August 30 Sherman severed one of the last to railroads into Atlanta and marched rapidly towards the Macon line. The Democrats meeting in Chicago adopted a platform and placed in nomina-tion for President Maj Gen George B McClellan. August 31 General McClellan Nominated for President and Battle of Jonesboro, Georgia.
Source: The Civil War Day by Day, An Almanac 1861-1865, E B Long, 1971, Doubleday. Source: The
Civil War Day by Day, An Almanac 1861-1865, E B Long, 1971, Doubleday.
Military Order of the Loyal Legion
of theUnited States
Hereditary membership in the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS) is open to men who are descendants (e.g., great great grandson, great grand nephew, etc.) of commis-sioned officers of the Union forces during the Civil War. Web site - http://suvcw.org/mollus/mbrfrm.htm
Please Note: Non-hereditary membership (Associate Compan-ion) may be available in some (but not all) of the Commander-ies. Associate affiliation is based on a percentage of the number of hereditary members in each Com-mandery. Consequently, move-ment to elect Associates may be delayed until such time as there are enough hereditary Compan-ions present in the particular Commandery.
the proclamation created a difficult situation, as he tried to balance the agendas of Radical Repub-licans who favored abolition and slave-holding Unionists in the American border states whose support was essential in keeping the states of Missouri, Kentucky and Maryland in the Union.
Nationwide reaction to the proclamation was mixed. Abolitionists en-thusiastically supported the measure while conservatives demanded Fré-mont’s removal. Seeking to reverse Frémont’s actions and maintain po-litical balance, Lincoln eventually ordered Frémont to rescind the edict on September 11, 1861. Lincoln then sent various government officials to Missouri to build a case for Frémont’s removal founded on Frémont’s al-leged incompetence rather than his abolitionist views. On these grounds, Lincoln sent an order on October 22, 1861, removing Frémont from com-mand of the Department of the West. Although Lincoln opposed Frémont’s method of emancipation, the episode had a significant impact on Lincoln, shaping his opinions on the appropriate steps towards emancipation and eventually leading, sixteen months later, to Lincoln’s own Emancipation Proclamation.
Born in Savannah, Georgia in 1813, John Charles Frémont would be-come one of the nation’s leading antislavery politicians in the 1850s. Fré-mont was granted a second lieutenant’s commission in the U.S. Army’s Bu-reau of Topographical Engineers in 1838, primarily through the support of Secretary of War Joel Poinsett. As a young army officer, Frémont took part in several exploratory expeditions of the American West in the 1840s. For his success in mapping a route across the Rocky Mountains to then Mexi-can California via the Oregon Trail, Frémont earned the nickname, “the Pathfinder” and attained the status of a national hero. During the Mexican–
Fremont from page 2
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American War (1846–1848), Major Frémont took command of the Californian revolt of American settlers against Mexico and was appointed mili-tary governor of California in 1847. Frémont’s in-dependent actions ran at cross-purposes with the senior U.S. Army officer in California during the Mexican War—Stephen Watts Kearny. Frémont was arrested, brought to Washington, D.C. for a court-martial and resigned from the Army in 1848. Returning to the Pacific coast, Frémont became one of the first senators from California when it was granted statehood in 1850. In 1856, Frémont became the first Presidential candidate of the new Republican Party which established a platform ad-vocating the limitation of slavery to those states in which it already existed. Frémont won 33 percent of the popular vote, but lost to Democratic Party candidate James Buchanan.
At the onset of the Civil War in April 1861, Frémont sought to resume his service in the Regu-lar Army and was commissioned major general, becoming the third highest ranking general in the U.S. Army (according to date of appointment), just behind Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan. Frémont was placed in command of the Department of the West which included all states and territories be-tween the Mississippi River and the Rockies as well as the state of Illinois and the western part of Kentucky. The department was headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Frémont arrived there and as-sumed command on July 25, 1861. His chief task was to establish control within the state of Mis-souri.
At the commencement of the Civil War, Mis-souri was a deeply divided state. Missouri had chosen to remain in the Union, and initially main-tained a policy of neutrality towards both the Union and the Confederacy. However, Missouri was also a state in which slavery was still legal, a factor which generated sympathy for the Con-federacy and secession. The governor of Missouri at the start of the war, Claiborne Jackson, was in favor of secession and attempted to use the Mis-souri State Militia to resist the build-up of Union forces in his state.
A painting depicting an American Civil War battle. In the foreground soldiers in blue surround a high-ranking officer on a white horse. The offi-cer has been shot and is falling into the arms of one of the soldiers. They are fighting another group of soldiers who stand in the background wearing grey uniforms and firing weapons.
Before Frémont, two generals had previous-ly served as head of the Department of the West during the first four months of the war. Brigadier General William S. Harney had taken a diplomatic approach in Missouri, attempting to respect Mis-souri’s neutrality through the Price-Harney Truce, negotiated with Sterling Price, commander of the Missouri State Militia. The truce was unaccept-
able to many Unionists and particularly to Presi-dent Lincoln, as continued neutrality in Missouri would result in the state’s refusal to supply men for the Union army. Harney was removed on May 30 and replaced with the hard-line Radical Republican Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon. Earlier, while still a subordinate of Harney’s, Lyon had raised tensions in Missouri to a fever-pitch by acting independently and capturing a portion of the Missouri State Militia during the Camp Jack-son Affair on May 10, 1861. Although the maneu-ver eliminated a threat to the St. Louis Arsenal, it also caused a riot in St. Louis. As commander of the Department of the West, Lyon met with Gov. Jackson and informed him that, “rather than concede to the State of Missouri for one single instant the right to dictate to my government in any matter...I would see you...and every man and woman and child in the State dead and buried.” After this, open warfare commenced between pro-Confederate militia and Union forces in Mis-souri. Gov. Jackson fled St. Louis, and the Mis-souri State Militia was re-organized to become the Missouri State Guard—a pro-secession force under the command of Sterling Price and Gover-nor-in-Exile Jackson.
By the time Frémont took command in St. Louis on July 25, 1861, Union forces under Lyon had fought in several engagements against the Missouri State Guard. On August 10, a com-bined force of Missouri State Guard, Confeder-ate States Army, and Arkansas Militia, consist-ing of about 11,000 troops, closed in on Lyon’s Union force numbering approximately 5,000 near Springfield, Missouri. During the ensuing Battle of Wilson’s Creek, Lyon was killed and the fed-eral force routed. Pro-secession sentiment surged throughout Missouri following the Battle of Wil-son’s Creek. Estimates by Union army officials placed the number of armed secessionists in Mis-souri at roughly 60,000. Alarmed by the increas-ing turbulence, Frémont declared martial law in the state of Missouri on August 30, 1861.
Proclamation and reactionJust before dawn on August 30, Frémont fin-
ished penning his proclamation of martial law and read it to his wife and a trusted advisor, Ed-ward Davis of Philadelphia. Davis warned that officials in Washington would never stand for such a sweeping edict. Frémont responded that he had been given full power to put down seces-sion in Missouri and that, as a war measure, the proclamation was entirely warranted.
The most controversial passage of the proc-lamation, and the one with the greatest political consequences, was the following:
All persons who shall be taken with arms in their hands within these lines shall be tried by court-mar-tial, and, if found guilty, will be shot. The proper-ty, real and personal, of all persons in the State of
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Michigan’s Messenger
is a quarterly publication of and for the mem-bership of the Department of Michigan, Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War.
Current Spring Issue is athttps://www.suvcwmi.org/messenger/2019/V28_N2.pdf
National OfficersCommander-in-Chief Edward .Norris, PDC [email protected] Vice CinC Brian C. Pierson, PDC [email protected] Vice CinC Michael A. Paquette, PDC [email protected] Secretary Jonathan C. Davis, PDC [email protected] Treasurer D. Michael Beard, PDC [email protected] Quartermaster James L. Lyon [email protected]
Council of AdministrationCouncil of Admin (20) Kevin P. Tucker, PDC [email protected] of Admin (21) Bruce D. Frail, PDC [email protected] of Admin (21) Peter J. Hritsko, Jr, PDC [email protected] of Admin (22) Harry W.Reineke IV, PDC [email protected] of Admin (22) Kevin L. Martin, PDC [email protected] of Admin Donald W. Shaw, PCinC [email protected]
Non-voting
Banner Editor James B. Pahl, PCinC [email protected] Signals Officer James P. McGuire, PDC [email protected]
Missouri who shall take up arms against the United States, and who shall be directly proven to have taken active part with their enemies in the field, is declared to be confiscated to the public use; and their slaves, if any they have, are hereby declared free.
The two extreme measures described within this passage threatened to alienate Unionists in each of the border states. Drawing a line from Cape Girardeau, Missouri to Leavenworth, Kan-sas, Frémont declared capital punishment would be administered to any secessionists bearing arms north of that line. Further, the proclamation freed the slaves of any secessionists who took up arms against the government. Frémont issued his proc-lamation without consulting any authority in Mis-souri or Washington.
The proclamation freed very few slaves. First, and most prominently, two slaves belonging to an aide of the former Gov. Jackson, Frank Lewis and Hiram Reed, were given their manumission papers. This act received significant coverage by the St. Louis press. Frémont then issued papers to 21 other slaves. However, the greatest signifi-cance of the proclamation came in the form of political ramifications. The proclamation set a political precedent, over which there was tremen-dous disagreement, that the Civil War was a war against slavery. This threatened to tip the delicate political balance in border states. Missouri, Ken-tucky, and Maryland all might have been pushed towards secession if such a precedent had been backed by the federal government at the begin-ning of the war.
Unionists in Missouri were divided in their reaction. Radical Republicans, who favored ab-olition, were overjoyed. This included much of the St. Louis press. Frémont surrounded himself with men of this faction, and several Radical Re-publican politicians had come to St. Louis with him as aides and advisors. These included Illinois Congressman Owen Lovejoy (brother of the an-tislavery journalist Elijah Lovejoy who had been murdered in 1837 by an anti-abolitionist mob), Ohio Congressman John A. Gurley and Indiana Congressman John P.C. Shanks. All ardent abo-litionists, these men encouraged and influenced Frémont’s proclamation. More moderate Union-ists were troubled by Frémont’s proclamation and pro-slavery conservatives were outraged. Most important, among the moderates in Mis-souri alienated by Frémont’s proclamation was the new governor of Missouri, Hamilton Rowan Gamble, whose authority Frémont had now su-perseded by declaring martial law. Feeling that Frémont had greatly overstepped his authority, Gamble began to work for Frémont’s removal.[In neighboring Kentucky, there was widespread out-rage. Although the proclamation pertained only to the state of Missouri, Kentuckians feared that a similar edict might be applied by Frémont to their state. Most slaves in Kentucky belonged to Unionists and threatening to free them could have
pushed the state into the Confederacy.
Lincoln’s reaction and Frémont’s removal
President Lincoln learned of Frémont’s proc-lamation by reading it in the newspaper. Disturbed by Frémont’s actions, Lincoln felt that emancipa-tion was “not within the range of military law or necessity” and that such powers rested only with the elected federal government. Lincoln also rec-ognized the monumental political problem that such an edict posed to his efforts to keep the border states in the Union. He was particularly worried about reports he heard of the furor in Kentucky over the edict, writing, “I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole game. Ac-cording to Lincoln in a letter to a supporter of Frémont, a unit of Kentucky militia fighting for the Union, upon hearing of Frémont’s proclama-tion, threw down their weapons and disbanded. Lincoln determined the proclamation could not be allowed to remain in force. However, to override the edict or to directly order Frémont to strike out or modify the paragraph had its own political dangers—such an act would outrage abolitionists
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throughout the North. Sensitive to the political pitfalls on all sides, Lincoln wrote to Frémont, “Allow me to therefore ask, that you will, as of your own motion, modify that paragraph...”
Frémont wrote a reply to Lincoln’s request on September 8, 1861 and sent it to Washington in the hands of his wife, Jessie Benton Frémont, who met with the President in the White House on September 10. In the letter, Frémont stated that he knew the situation in Missouri better than the President and that he would not rescind the proclamation unless directly ordered. Angered, Lincoln wrote Frémont the next day, directly or-dering him to modify the emancipation clause to conform with existing federal law—that only slaves themselves acting in armed rebellion could be confiscated and freed.
Lincoln could not allow Frémont’s insubordi-nation to go unpunished. However, his dilemma again lay in politics. Removal of Frémont over the emancipation issue would infuriate radicals in Congress. Lincoln determined that if Frémont were to be removed, it would have to be for mat-ters unrelated to the proclamation. He therefore sent Postmaster General Montgomery Blair and Quartermaster General Montgomery C. Meigs to Missouri to evaluate Frémont’s management of his department. On his return, Blair reported that a tremendous state of disorganization exist-ed in Missouri and Frémont “seemed stupified...and is doing absolutely nothing.” When Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas made his own inspec-tion and reported to Lincoln that Frémont was, “wholly incompetent,” Lincoln decided to leak Thomas’s report to the press. Amidst the result-ing public outrage against Frémont, Lincoln sent an order on October 22, 1861, removing him from command of the Department of the West.
AftermathFor Frémont, the personal repercussions of
his proclamation were disastrous. His removal from command of the Western Department did irreparable damage to his reputation.[3] Giving Frémont a second chance, Lincoln approved his appointment to command the strategically im-portant Mountain Department, overseeing the mountainous region surrounding the Virginia and Kentucky border. Frémont’s forces were badly defeated, however, in the Battle of Cross Keys in Virginia on June 8, 1862. He eventually resigned from frustration at being passed over when Lincoln appointed Maj. Gen. John Pope to command of the Army of Virginia, and spent the rest of the war awaiting a new appointment which never came.
For Lincoln, the immediate effects of Fré-mont’s removal resulted in the furor the presi-dent had anticipated from northern abolitionists. Massachusetts Governor John Albion Andrew, a
Radical Republican and abolitionist, wrote that Lincoln’s actions had a “chilling influence” on the antislavery movement. The outrage was only a short-term effect, however, and soon subsided.
The most significant long-term consequence of the Frémont Emancipation was the effect it had on Lincoln’s perceptions of emancipation and, specifically, how it should be accom-plished. As historian Allen Guelzo describes, Lincoln became determined, after Frémont’s failed proclamation, that emancipation could not be a matter of martial law or some other temporary measure that would later be chal-lenged in courts. To ensure its permanence, Lincoln felt, emancipation would have to be put into effect by the federal government in a man-ner that was incontrovertibly constitutional. Equally important, the timing of emancipation would need to be orchestrated carefully, so as not to interfere with the war effort. Although in 1861, Lincoln had not yet espoused the idea of immediate emancipation and still hoped to work with state governments to accomplish gradual and perhaps even a compensated emancipation, the Frémont incident solidified Lincoln’s belief that emancipation was the President’s respon-sibility and could not be accomplished by scat-tered decrees from Union generals. This real-ization was one of several factors that led to Lincoln’s own Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862.
ReferencesAdams, George Rollie (2001). General William
S. Harney: Prince of Dragoons. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-1058-2.
Catton, Bruce (2004) [1960]. The Civil War. New York: American Heritage, Inc. ISBN 0-618-00187-5.
Eicher, David J.; Eicher, John H. (2001). Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-82490-6. Team of Rivals.
Guelzo, Allen C. (2004). Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-2182-6.
McPherson, James M. (1988). Battle Cry of Free-dom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford Univer-sity Press. ISBN 0-19-503863-0.
Nevins, Allan C. (1992) [1939]. Frémont: Path-maker of the West. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-8032-8364-4.
Violette, Eugene Morrow (1918). A History of Missouri. Boston: D.C. Heath & Co. OCLC 3423629.
Volpe, Vernon L. (1999). “John C. Frémont”. Dictionary of Missouri Biography. Columbia, Mis-souri: University of Missouri Press.
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Book ReviewThe 16th Michigan Infantry in the Civil War
by Kim Crawford
On the hot summer evening of July 2, 1863, at the climax of the struggle for a Pennsylvania hill called Little Round Top, four Confederate regiments charge up the western slope, attacking the smallest and most exposed of their Union foe: the 16th Michigan Infan-try. Terrible fighting has raged, but what happens next will ultimately—and unfairly—stain the reputation of one of the Army of the Potomac’s veteran combat outfits, made up of men from Detroit, Saginaw, On-tonagon, Hillsdale, Lansing, Adrian, Plymouth, and Albion. In the dramatic interpretation of the struggle for Little Round Top that followed the Battle of Get-tysburg, the 16th Michigan Infantry would be remem-bered as the one that broke during perhaps the most important turning point of the war. Their colonel, a young lawyer from Ann Arbor, would pay with his life, redeeming his own reputation, while a kind of code of silence about what happened at Little Round Top was adopted by the regiment’s survivors. From soldiers’ letters, journals, and memoirs, this book re-lates their experiences in camp, on the march, and in battle, including their controversial role at Gettys-burg, up to the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House.
“Author Kim Crawford has utilized a large selection of primary and secondary sources to provide an out-standing narrative that relates the untold Civil War story of the 16th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regi-ment. The author’s real contribution to the history of the 16th Michigan is not the chronological descrip-
tion of their involvement in the war, which is presented in a fine manner, but rather the detailed mi-nutiae of life in the regiment, which really provides great interest and flavor to the book. Information gathered from unpublished diaries, correspondence, period newspapers, and military service records provides a lively regimental history that is infused with soldiers’ observations and anecdotes as well as their perspectives on issues of a military, political, and social nature. Additionally, copious endnotes and a solid bibliography attest to the scholarship that the author brings to this composition.”—David D. Finney Jr., author of Remembering Michigan’s Civil War Soldiers
About the AuthorKim Crawford is a retired newspaper reporter and author of The Daring Trader: Jacob Smith in the Michigan Territory and coauthor of The 4th Michigan Infantry in the Civil War. He has written about Michigan Civil War soldiers for Michigan History magazine, served as guest curator for the Flint Sloan Museum’s 2012 Civil War exhibit, The Brave and the Faithful, and has given talks on both the 4th and 16th Michigan Infantry regiments to historical societies and Civil War roundtables.
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We are always looking for content suggestions, com-ments, Book Reports, Family Civil War stories, advice.
Send your contributions to the Editor at [email protected]
Member AncestorsCompiled from current and past member information. Red Text indicates publication of a biography in the Camp Communicator
Current Members Ancestor Unit
Theadore J Chamberlain Chamberlain Jeremiah M Pvt, Co B 176th OH Vol Inf
Keith Alan Chapman Stillman Samuel Pvt, Co B 94th IL Inf
Steven Chapman Stillman Samuel Pvt, Co B 94th IL Inf
Jeffrey L Chubb Brownell (William) Henry Pvt., Merrill’s Horse, MO
Harold L Cray Bassett George W Pvt., Co F 54th Reg Ohio InfRex Dillman Yaw Benjamin Franklin Pvt, Co G 26th MI Inf Reg,
Richard Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Rodney Samuel Krieger Krieger Jacob Pvt, Co I, 19th MI Inf
Glenn Palen Palen Charles Pvt Co E 128th IN Inf
Charles L Pfauth Jr Shopbach Henry Pvt, Co F 52nd PA Vol Inf
Charles L Pfauth Sr Shopbach Henry Pvt, Co F 52nd PA Vol InfRay Truhn Goodenough Alonzo Pvt, Co A 2nd VT Inf
Steven Allen Williams CarterMountjoy/Munjoy
WetmoreWetmoreWetmore
Oren George W
Abiather Joy/JAGilbertHelon/Hellen
Pvt, Co B 186 th NY Vol InfPvt, 11th MI Vol Cavalry & 1st MI SharpshootersPvt 66th IL InfPvt 2nd Reg NE CavalryPvt 13th Reg IA Inf
Matthew Carter Williams Carter Oren Pvt, Co B 186 th NY Vol Inf
Past Members Ancestor UnitRoger C Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Kenneth A Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Dennis L Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Michael Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Irving Hackeman Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery
Richard Horton Horton, Jr William
Virlin Dillmam Mason Daniel W
Daniel Stice Pegg Henry Riley Co E 17 IN
Amasa Stice Pegg Henry Riley Co E 17 INDouglas Chrissopher Morales Terwilliger Albert Eugene Co B Batt 9 NY HA
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Berrien County in the American Civil War
Thomas Prentice Starr, b. Aug. 1, 1826, Marcellus, NY, d. Jan. 5, 1894, Three Oaks, MI, buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Three Oaks, MI, Block 17, lot 15. Thomas is buried next to his wife, Julia A. Keefer Starr, b. Jan. 18, 1826, Ontario County, NY, d. May 5, 1886, Three Oaks, MI, buried Forest Lawn Cemetery, Three Oaks, MI, Block 17, lot 15. Thomas was brought up in Greenfield, Ohio from age of 6. He lived 7 years in Ingham Co., MI; thence to LaPorte Co., Indiana; then to Three Oaks, MI. He married Ju-lia Ann Keefer Feb. 23, 1847. Thomas’ sister, Mary Prentice Starr, married Thomas brother-in-law, John Keefer. Thomas was a Methodist, a farmer per 1880 census records. His son, Theron Starr, and Theron’s family lived next door.
Per pension record (# SC411.749) he described himself as 5 feet, 9 inches, complexion: light, hair: dark, eyes: blue. He enlisted in the Michi-gan Infantry on August 12, 1862. “On the 22nd of September 1862, at Three Oaks, Michigan” in Co. F, 25th Reg’t. Mich. Vols. and served until the close of the war. The Regiment was mus-tered into the service of the United States. After the surrender of the Con-federate Army, the Regiment was sent to Salisbury, NC to be mustered out on the 24th of June 1865, then sent by rail to Michigan, arriving at Jackson on the
2nd of July where they were paid off and disbanded.”
25th Michigan Infantry Regimental Flag: The 25th Mich-igan Infantry was mustered into service near Kalamazoo in September 1862, the regiment was recruited throughout the southwest part of the state. It’s soldiers saw much of their ac-tion in Georgia. Much is known of the regiment’s history, but little about their specific flag. During their term of Federal service the 25th Michigan Infantry, Company F was engaged in:
Munfordville, KY, Tebb’s Bend, KY, Kingston, TN, Mossy Creek, TN, Tunnel Hill, GA, Rocky Face, GA, Re-saca, GA, Cassville, GA, Etowah River, GA, Kingston, GA, Altoona, GA, Pine Mountain, GA, Lost Mountain, GA, Culp’s Farm, GA, Kenesaw, GA, Nickajack Creek, GA, Chat-tahoochie River, GA, Decatur, GA, Atlanta, GA, East Point, GA, Utoy Creek, GA, Siege of Atlanta, GA, Jonesboro, GA, Rome, GA, Cedar Bluff’s, AL, Pine Creek, TN, Franklin, TN & Nashville, TN.
Total Enrollment: 968. Killed in action: 22. Died of Wounds: 13. Died of Disease: 129. Total Casualty Rate: 16.9%. Submitted by: Paula Connolly
LEWIS, James Lafayette: was born 27 Dec 1841 in LaGrange County, Indiana, the son of Olmstead Lewis. He died 25 Apr 1910 in Lake, Berrien, MI. He married Emaline Permella Reynolds on 12 Aug 1866 in Noble County, In-diana. She was born Jan 1836 in New York, and died in 1922. The family appears in the 1870 cen-sus in Berrien Springs. In the 1890 Veterans Cen-
sus, Lafayette is in Lake, as he is in 1900 and 1910. He served as a private in Company K of the 29th Indiana Infantry from 28 Sep 1864 to 26 Jun 1865 (8 months, 28 days). He received an invalid pension on 6 Aug 1888, and his widow received a pension on 19 May 1910. The couple had three children born in Ber-rien County, JJohn E. Lewis, b. March 1868, Harriet Lewis, born 3 Aug 1870, and William Henry Lewis, born 8 May 1873. Lafayette and Emeline are buried in Glendora Cemetery in Weesau, along with their son William Henry and his wife, the former Maude V. Klasner.
Submitted by Kathleen T. Choi (Kathy is a g-g niece thru his sister Emily (Mrs Andrew) Clymer)
Chatterson, Joshua: was born on the 1st day of December 1843, in Utica, NY to Joshua and Margaret Chatterson. Joshua served in the Civil War as a Private in the 12th
Wisconsin. Joshua married Mary Amelia Spencer on the 8th day of February 1851. There were eight children born to that union, seven are known: Joshua, Elno, Arthur, Leno, Lillie, Freeman, and Benja-min. He lived in Three Oaks, Ber-rien County, Michigan until his death on the 24th day of January 1904, at the age of 60 yrs. Joshua is buried in the Forest Lawn Cem-
etery, in Three Oaks Township.Submitted by Suzanne Levy
Moyer, Joel Henry: was born on the 27th day of November 1841 in Pine Grove, Pennsylvania, to Daniel D. and Lydia (Bechtel) Moyer. Joel lived in Hinchman, Oro-noko Township. He served in the Civil War as a Pri-vate, in the Union Army. Joel served as Commander of the Grand Army post in Berrien Springs for years. After the war, Joel married Sarah Marie Stemm on the 10th day of October 1874 in Berrien Springs. To this union there were eight (8) known children: Virginia Clementine, Murry Adam, John Clarence, Charles Fremont, Verna Regina, Lester Henry, Edna Cecelia and Ralph Elmer. Joel died on the 6th of February 1925 in Hinchman, at the age of 83 years and is buried in the Salem Cemetery in Hinchman.
Submitted by Scott Kater (great-great-grandson)
Price, Christopher: was born 11 June 1837 in Franklin County, Ohio to Nehemiah and Miriam (Nash) Price. His mother died and his father remarried Sarah Carrell. Christopher
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lived with a Edwin and Margaret Babcock in Saw-yer, Michigan, prior to his marriage and enlistment. He enlisted in South Bend, St. Joseph, Co., Indiana on August 11, 1862 and fought in the Civil War in Co. K, 48th Indiana Infantry. Christopher later trans-ferred to Co. A, 48th Indiana. He fought at the battle
of Vicksburg. He was sent to a hospital in Lagrange, Tennes-see on Nov. 11, 1862 and was honorably discharged in Mem-phis, Tennessee the 8th of July, 1863. Christopher was a farmer and broom-maker. On 11 June 1874 he married Elizabeth Jane John-son in Warren Twp, South Bend, Indiana.
He and Elizabeth lived in New Troy, Michigan, and had 13 children: Miriam Mae, Mable Etta, Medford William, Mary Hester, Myrtle Adell, Milford Chris-topher, Alfred Willet, Alma Luretta “Retta”, Charles Calvin, Phebe Kathryn, David Thurston, John Syl-vester, and Delbert Earl. In 1893 the family was liv-ing in Newton, Michigan. Christopher entered the Soldier’s Home in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the 16th of August 1901, where he died in 1902. He is bur-ied in Hinman Cemetery in Baroda Twp. His wife, Elizabeth Jane, died 20 March 1919 and is buried in Riverview Cemetery in South Bend, Indiana.
Submitted by Susan Gates Davis, http://www.an-gelfire.com/mi/GatesDavisGene
Steinbeck, Bernadotte: was born on the 17th day of August 1835 to Peter and Anna (Keck) Stinebeck in Indiana. Bernadotte lived in Oronoko Township, Ber-rien County. He married Frances Harriet Davis on the 14th day of January 1856. Bernadotte and Fran-cis had one (1) daughter, Esther and two (2) sons, Charles and William. Next, Bernadotte served in the Civil War as a Sergeant in the Union Army. After the war he married three (3) more times, all in the Coun-ty of Berrien. He married Cornelia E. Loshbough on the 8th day of September 1864. Bernadotte and Cor-nelia had one child known
only as Infant(name unknown). Bernadotte married Eliza P. Stayton on the 7th day of December 1866 and to that union was born a Son (name unknown), Edith, Effie, James, and Allegra. Last Bernadotte married Marilla Haws on the 4th day of November 1874. Bernadotte left this life at the age of 64 years on the 29th day of April, 1900 in Oronoko Township.
He is buried in the Rosehill Cemetery, Ber-rien Springs, Berrien County, Michigan.
Submitted by Vicki L. Swank
Sylvester Benoni Kimball was born 3 April 1843 in New York to Ruth A
Fairfield and Benoni Kimball. He enlisted as a Private on 26 August 1862 at the age of 19 in Com-pany F, 18 Infantry Regiment Michi-gan. He received a disability discharge from Company F, 18 Infantry Regiment Michigan on 19 March 1863 at Lex-ington, Kentucky. He was then drafted into Company I, 15th Infantry Regiment Michigan and was discharged from that
company on 13 August 1865 at Little Rock, Arkansas. He moved to Benton Township in 1887. He served many years in the Grand Army of the Republic, Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 14 in Benton Harbor Michigan. In Ben-ton Harbor he was a Justice of the Peace and a Notary Public. He died 14 September 1911 in Benton Harbor, Berrien County, Michi-gan. His widow, Anna Eliza Harris and their two children, Sylvenus Benoni and Mary El-lyn, survived him. The photo on the left was taken of Sylvester and his third wife Anna Eliza Harris about 1904. He is dressed in his uniform from the G.A.R. The photo on the right shows his Notary Public building be-hind him and fellow members of the Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 14 in Benton Harbor. Submitted by Ann Merewether.
https://berrienmi.genealogyvillage.com/tribute.htm
Camp CommunicatorCamp CommunicatorSons of the Union Veterans of the Civil War
Frederick H. Hackeman CAMP 85Happy August Birthday to Brothers
Jeffrey Chubb - August 6Charles Pfauth Sr - August 7Rodney Krieger - August 8Steve Williams - August 14
Gregory Scygiel - August 16
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