Www.unctad.org/ecommerce/ 10/19/2015 / 1 Electronic Commerce Branch UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Dr. Susanne Teltscher United

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Electronic Commerce BranchElectronic Commerce BranchUNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

Dr. Susanne Teltscher

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

National National ICT strategies ICT strategies for for DevelopmentDevelopment

Workshop on Workshop on Telecom & ICT Telecom & ICT regulationregulation

1-7 December1-7 December 2004 2004GenevaGeneva



Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline What are national ICT strategies?What are national ICT strategies? ICT strategies for trade and enterprise ICT strategies for trade and enterprise

developmentdevelopment ICT policies – legal and regulatory issues, ICT policies – legal and regulatory issues,

education, economic environment, e-education, economic environment, e-governmentgovernment

ICT monitoring and evaluationICT monitoring and evaluation Design and implemention of ICT Design and implemention of ICT

strategiesstrategies Conclusions and UNCTAD’s workConclusions and UNCTAD’s work



What is a national ICT strategy?What is a national ICT strategy?

Beyond TelecomBeyond Telecom: cross-sectoral : cross-sectoral approach to creating an enabling approach to creating an enabling environment for ICTs environment for ICTs

Mainstreaming ICTsMainstreaming ICTs into national into national development policiesdevelopment policies

National ICT plans cover all sectorsNational ICT plans cover all sectors: : telecom, trade, finance, investment, telecom, trade, finance, investment, education, government, health, media education, government, health, media etc.etc.



National ICT strategies and National ICT strategies and WSIS Geneva Plan of ActionWSIS Geneva Plan of Action

Paragraph 8Paragraph 8Development of national e-strategies, including Development of national e-strategies, including the necessary human capacity building, should the necessary human capacity building, should be encouraged by all countries by 2005, taking be encouraged by all countries by 2005, taking into account different national circumstances.into account different national circumstances.

Paragraph 13Paragraph 13To maximize the social, economic and To maximize the social, economic and environmental benefits of the Information environmental benefits of the Information Society, governments need to create a Society, governments need to create a trustworthy, transparent and non-discriminatory trustworthy, transparent and non-discriminatory legal, regulatory and policy environment. legal, regulatory and policy environment.



ICT strategies for trade and ICT strategies for trade and enterprise developmententerprise development

Covers a range of national policies:Covers a range of national policies:

TelecommunciationsTelecommunciations Education and trainingEducation and training Legal frameworkLegal framework Economic environment (trade, finance, Economic environment (trade, finance, investment)investment) E-governmentE-government Monitoring and evaluationMonitoring and evaluation



ICT policy model frameworkICT policy model framework



Basic telecommunicationsUniversal accessHuman capacity buildingAffordable technology and appropriate softwareFinancing ICTsLocal language and local contentE-government Standards in manufacturing, safety and healthICT-laws (e-signatures, cyber crime)Security – information, system, networkAuthentification and certificationBroadband access (corporate, home)Deregulation and liberalization ICT investmentsE-payment infrastructureConsumer protection and privacy, spamTaxationIPR protection

Concerns of less developed

countries

Concerns of more developed

countries

E-strategy divideE-strategy divide



ICT strategy and national policies ICT strategy and national policies (1)(1)

TelecommunicationsTelecommunications Key areaKey area:: no telecommunications no telecommunications

infrastructure = little use of ICTinfrastructure = little use of ICT Liberalization and reform: Liberalization and reform:

balanced with the needs of national balanced with the needs of national public operatorspublic operators

Protection ofProtection of consumer interestsconsumer interests Cost of infrastructure - role ofCost of infrastructure - role of FDIFDI



ICT strategy and national ICT strategy and national policies (2)policies (2)

TelecommunicationsTelecommunications

Universal accessUniversal access is critical for bridging is critical for bridging the digital divide – role for government the digital divide – role for government interventionintervention

Universal Service ObligationsUniversal Service Obligations Shared accessShared access rather than householdsrather than households Role ofRole of competitioncompetition to promote choice to promote choice

and competitive pricesand competitive prices



ICT strategy and national ICT strategy and national policies (3)policies (3)Education and trainingEducation and training

Access not enoughAccess not enough: : need to know how need to know how and why use ICTs (ICT literacy)and why use ICTs (ICT literacy)

Importance of Importance of good quality basic good quality basic educationeducation for development to benefit for development to benefit from ICTfrom ICT

Need for Need for ICT-competent workforceICT-competent workforce Management and organizational skills to Management and organizational skills to

take advantage oftake advantage of e-business e-business opportunitiesopportunities



ICT strategy and national ICT strategy and national policies (4)policies (4)Legal frameworkLegal framework Need for legal infrastructure Need for legal infrastructure supportive of supportive of

and conducive to e-businessand conducive to e-business Legal infrastructure to Legal infrastructure to enable security and enable security and

trusttrust Adaptation of national legal frameworks to Adaptation of national legal frameworks to

consider the consider the global nature of ICT and e-global nature of ICT and e-commercecommerce

E-signatures, privacy and data E-signatures, privacy and data protection, IPR protection, cybercrime, protection, IPR protection, cybercrime, spam, taxationspam, taxation




Economic and business Economic and business environmentenvironment

Trade and investmentTrade and investment Open standards and technologies, Open standards and technologies,

FOSS FOSS Finance and e-paymentsFinance and e-payments Role of SMEs in e-business and Role of SMEs in e-business and

creation of local contentcreation of local content Promotion of the ICT industryPromotion of the ICT industry




E-GovernmentE-Government

Three key roles of government at Three key roles of government at national level:national level:

Producers: Producers: delivering ICT goods, services delivering ICT goods, services and infrastructureand infrastructure

Facilitators:Facilitators: creating an enabling creating an enabling environmentenvironment

Leaders:Leaders: implementing e-government implementing e-government (e.g. online services to citizens, e-(e.g. online services to citizens, e-procurement)procurement)




Monitoring and evaluationMonitoring and evaluation ToTo measure developmentsmeasure developments in ICTin ICT

readiness, usage and impact at the readiness, usage and impact at the national levelnational level

To To evaluate the impactevaluate the impact of national ICT of national ICT strategiesstrategies

ToTo take strategic ICT policy decisionstake strategic ICT policy decisions To To benchmark national information benchmark national information

societiessocieties vis-à-vis those of other vis-à-vis those of other countries countries




Measuring ICTMeasuring ICT

National statistical offices and National statistical offices and sector ministriessector ministries::

Produce statistical ICT indicators onProduce statistical ICT indicators on basic telecom access basic telecom access household and business access and household and business access and usageusage ICT in schools, government etc.ICT in schools, government etc.



Global Partnership on Measuring Global Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development ICT for Development

Partners: Partners: ITU, OECD, UNCTAD, UIS, UN Regional ITU, OECD, UNCTAD, UIS, UN Regional Commissions, UN ICT Task Force, World BankCommissions, UN ICT Task Force, World Bank

Objectives:Objectives: (i) common set of core ICT indicators (i) common set of core ICT indicators harmonized internationally; (ii) enhanced ICT harmonized internationally; (ii) enhanced ICT statistical capacity of NSOs in developing statistical capacity of NSOs in developing countries; (iii) global database on ICT indicators countries; (iii) global database on ICT indicators

http://measuring-ict.unctad.orghttp://measuring-ict.unctad.org



Measuring-ict WebsiteMeasuring-ict Website



Designing and implementing Designing and implementing national ICT strategiesnational ICT strategies

Key questionsKey questions How will the implementation of the strategy How will the implementation of the strategy

be be organized and coordinatedorganized and coordinated?? Who are the Who are the main partners and main partners and

stakeholdersstakeholders involved in the involved in the implementation process?implementation process?

Which poliy areas should be given Which poliy areas should be given prioritypriority over others re: resources?over others re: resources?

What What institutional aspectsinstitutional aspects need to be need to be taken into consideration?taken into consideration?



Key stakeholdersKey stakeholders

• Business associations• IT industry• Telecom Regulators• Banks• Lawyers• Development org.• Consumers

• Donors• Industry represent.• Ministries (trade, S&T,

customs, education etc.)

• NGOs• Universities• Other public institutions



ConclusionConclusionssSuccessful ICT strategies need:Successful ICT strategies need: Leadership from the top (head of state)Leadership from the top (head of state) Involve all stakeholders in implementationInvolve all stakeholders in implementation A holistic approach covering all sectorsA holistic approach covering all sectors A liberalized economic environmentA liberalized economic environment Monitoring of ICT developmentsMonitoring of ICT developments Tailoring towards countries’ reqirementsTailoring towards countries’ reqirements Mainstreaming ICT into national economic Mainstreaming ICT into national economic

and social development plan and social development plan



UNCTAD E-Commerce and UNCTAD E-Commerce and Development ReportsDevelopment ReportsFree downloads: www.unctad.orgFree downloads: www.unctad.org

2003:2003: Chapter 3Chapter 3ICT strategiesICT strategies

2004:2004: launchlaunch15 December 15 December

20042004



www.unctad.org/ecommerce

measuring-ict.unctad.org

[email protected]

Thank youThank youWorkshop on Workshop on Telecom & ICT Telecom & ICT regulationregulation

1-7 December1-7 December 2004 2004GenevaGeneva

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Www.unctad.org/ecommerce/ 10/19/2015 / 1 Electronic Commerce Branch UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Dr. Susanne Teltscher United