Www. Copyright 2003 CCNA 3 Chapter 8 Spanning Tree Protocol By Your Name

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CCNA 3 Chapter 8 Spanning Tree Protocol

ByYour Name


Objectives

• Redundant topologies• Spanning Tree Protocol


RedundancyRedundant networking topologies are designed to ensure that networks continue to function in the presence of single points of failure.


Redundant Topologies

• A goal of redundant topologies is to eliminate network outages caused by a single point of failure.

• All networks need redundancy for enhanced reliability.


Redundant Switched Topologies


Broadcast Storms


Multiple Frames Transmission


MAC Database Instability

In a redundant switched network, it is possible for switches to learn the wrong information. A switch can learn that a MAC address is on a port when it is not.


Spanning Tree Protocol


Bridging Loops for Redundancy


Spanning Tree


Spanning-Tree Costs


Spanning-Tree Operation

• One root bridge per network.

• One root port per nonroot bridge.

• One designated port per segment.

• Nondesignated ports are unused.


Selecting the Root BridgeBridge protocol data unit (BPDU)


Spanning-Tree Port States


Spanning-Tree Recalculation

A switched internetwork has converged when all the switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocked state.


Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

• Clarification of port states and roles

• Definition of a set of link types that can go to forwarding state rapidly

• Allowing switches, in a converged network, to generate their own BPDUs rather than relaying root bridge BPDUs

The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1w, will eventually replace the Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1D.

Documents

Www. Copyright 2003 CCNA 3 Chapter 8 Spanning Tree Protocol By Your Name