WWI: The Beginnings

Announcements

• KEEP THE WINDOWS SHUT! We need to test the AC to see if it is able to keep the room cool. It was 71 at the beginning of 3rd. If it gets too hot, we will open the window.

• Turn on a fan if you are hot! • Tests are graded and in IC!

Bellringer

Prior Knowledge:

What do you know about WWI?

Setting the Stage

• 1900’s

• European nations were mostly at peace for the past 30 years

• Efforts to outlaw war

• Achieve a permanent peace had been gaining momentum in Europe since Napoleon

• Peace organizations

• Peace congresses convened regularly

• Some Europeans believed that progress had made war a thing of the past

The Rise of Nationalism

• What is nationalism?

• Serve as unifying force within a country

• Intense competition among nations

• Fierce rivalry between Europe’s Great Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy and France

• Competition for materials and markets

• Territorial disputes

• Intense nationalism among ethnic groups who demand independence

Imperialism and Militarism

• Fight over land in Africa and Asia pushed European nations to brink of war

• Sense of rivalry and mistrust

• European arms race

• To be great-must have a powerful military

• Important to quickly mobilize

Otto von Bismarck and Alliances

• What is an alliance?

• Alliance system to keep peace?

• Otto von Bismark (Prussia)o chancelloro Used war to unify Germanyo Maintain peace in Europeo Saw France as great threato Wanted revenge for defeat in

Franco-Prussian Waro Goal to isolate France

Alliance System-Triple Alliance

• Otto von Bismarck

• Prussia

• Formed Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria Hungary

• Triple Alliance-Italy joins

• Russia is separate ally to Prussia

Kaiser Wilhelm II

• Kaiser Wilhelm IIo Ruler of Germanyo Forced Bismarck to resigno Show the world how powerful

Germany becameo Ended Russian treaty

Russia responded by forming a defensive military alliance with France

o Two-front war?o Work to build up navy

Alliance System-Triple Entente

• Great Britain formed an entente with France as a result

• Triple Entente-Great Britain, France, Russia

• Triple Alliance vs. Triple Entente

Crisis in the Balkans: Restless Region

• Assortment of ethnic groups

• History of nationalist uprisings and ethnic clashes, known as “powder keg.”

• Ottomans in decline

• Balkan struggle to free themselves from Ottoman Turks

• Some had broken away from Turkish rulers and formed Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia

• Nationalism is powerful in those nations

About to Light a Match

• 1908 Austria annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Serbian leaders outraged

• Tensions between Serbia and Austria rose

• Serbs vowed to take Bosnia and Herzegovina away from Austria

• Austria-Hungary vowed to crush any Serbian effort to undermine its authority in Balkans

Match is Lit

• Archduke Franz Ferdinando Heir to Austro-Hungary

• June 28, 1914o Couple visited capital of

Bosniao Ferdinand and wife shot

point-blank range as they rode through the streets of Sarajevo in an open car

o Gavrilo Princip, 19 year old Serbian and member of Black Hand

Shot Rings Throughout Europe

• Because Princip was a Serbian, Austria decided to use the murders as an excuse to punish Serbia

• July 23o Austria presented Serbia with

ultimatumo If refused, result in waro Serbian leaders agree but want

to negotiate

• July 28o Austria rejects Serbia’s offero Declares war

Response to Murder

• After Austria declares war---

• Russian leaders order mobilization of troops toward the Austrian border

• Why Russia?o Ally of Serbia, large Slavic

population

• Leaders all over Europe notice

• European stability about to collapse into armed conflict

• British foreign minister, Italian government, Kaiser Wilhelm urged Austria and Russia to negotiate

Today’s Activity

Should you always support an ally?WWI has begun. You are the leader of a European country and must decide

what to do. Your nation is one of several that have agreed to support each other in the event of war. Some of your allies have joined the fight.

You must decide what to do…

How will you decide?How will you win your people over?

What You Will Do

As a nation, you have to work together to make decisions.

Therefore, as a nation you have to work as a group to make tough decisions.

As a group, you must come to a joint decision with what you will do, and how you will handle the situation.

4th Block Groups

• Quinton, Johnathan, James• Jacob L., Susannah, Terron• Austin B., Kirkland• Justin C., Ryan, Jay• Kyle, Colby, Alexis• Casey, Nick, Chad• Sevren, Jacob S., Zach P., Kerrigan, • Hieu, Zach H., Kayla, Travis

5th Block Groups

• Matthew, Josiah, Johnathan• Merita, Hunter, Jasmine• Brianna, Michelle, Jordan• Christa, Emily, Kari• Lucas, Reese, Kaitlyn, Megan• Alexsis, Jonathan, Susannah• Elliott, Josh, Samantha• Mikea, Nathan S., Jordan

As a group-You MUST decide:

1. Are you going to go to war?a. If no-how will you tell your allies?

2. How will you support your allies?a. Either way-yes or no.

3. How will you win your people over?a. How will you get your people to join the forces?

b. How can you get support from your people if you don’t?

4. Make a propaganda poster to make people join your side.

What are WWI propaganda posters?

Examining the Issues

• Should you always support a friend, no matter what he or she does?

• What might be a long-term consequences of refusing to help an ally?

When finished…

• Turn into bucket• Work on another assignment

• Vocab!

• Play on phone