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WW II. U.S. ENTRANCE 1941 –45 PEARL HARBOR TO A BOMB. 33 JAPANESE SHIPS INCLUDING 6 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS SAILD 200 MILES UNDETEDTED. LAUNCHED 353 AIRCRAFT 6AM – 715AM. 8 AM THEY CONVEREGED ON BATLE SHIP ROW AT PEARL HARBOR 1PM ALL BUT 29 RETURNED BY 1945 32 OF THE 33 SHIPS WOULD BE SUNK. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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WW IIWW II
U.S. ENTRANCE 1941 –45U.S. ENTRANCE 1941 –45
PEARL HARBOR TO A BOMBPEARL HARBOR TO A BOMB
PEARL HARBOR PEARL HARBOR OAHU DEC 7OAHU DEC 7THTH 1941- 1941-
33 JAPANESE SHIPS 33 JAPANESE SHIPS INCLUDING 6 INCLUDING 6 AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT CARRIERS SAILD CARRIERS SAILD 200 MILES 200 MILES UNDETEDTED.UNDETEDTED.
LAUNCHED 353 LAUNCHED 353 AIRCRAFT 6AM – AIRCRAFT 6AM – 715AM 715AM
8 AM THEY 8 AM THEY CONVEREGED ON CONVEREGED ON BATLE SHIP ROW BATLE SHIP ROW AT PEARL HARBORAT PEARL HARBOR
1PM ALL BUT 29 1PM ALL BUT 29 RETURNED RETURNED
BY 1945 32 OF THE BY 1945 32 OF THE 33 SHIPS WOULD 33 SHIPS WOULD BE SUNKBE SUNK
PEARL HARBOR DEC 7PEARL HARBOR DEC 7THTH
7AM USS WARD 7AM USS WARD SINKS JAPANESE SINKS JAPANESE MINI SUBMINI SUB
7AM RADAR PICKS 7AM RADAR PICKS UP JAPANESE UP JAPANESE AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT IGNOREDIGNORED
7:55 AIR RAID 7:55 AIR RAID PEARL HARBORPEARL HARBOR
12 B-17’S ATTEMPT 12 B-17’S ATTEMPT TO LANDTO LAND
8:25 2000 8:25 2000 AMERICANS KILLED AMERICANS KILLED ON BATTLESHIP ON BATTLESHIP ROWROW
ARIZONA SUNK IN ARIZONA SUNK IN 9 MINUTES 1100 9 MINUTES 1100 MEN STILL ON MEN STILL ON BOARDBOARD
PEARL HARBOR DEC 7THPEARL HARBOR DEC 7TH
ATTACK WAS NOT ATTACK WAS NOT EXPECTED SUNDAY EXPECTED SUNDAY MORNING- ALL MORNING- ALL SHIPS LINED UP SHIPS LINED UP TIED TO TENDERSTIED TO TENDERS
ALL AIRCRAFT ALL AIRCRAFT LINED UP ON LINED UP ON RUNWAYS RUNWAYS
USS NEVADA ONLY USS NEVADA ONLY SHIP TO GET SHIP TO GET UNDERWAYUNDERWAY
DELIBERATLY DELIBERATLY GROUNDED SO AS GROUNDED SO AS NOT TO BLOCK NOT TO BLOCK ENTRANCE TO ENTRANCE TO HARBORHARBOR
TACTICAL VICTORY TACTICAL VICTORY STRATEGIC DEFEATSTRATEGIC DEFEAT
JAPANESE GAINED JAPANESE GAINED TOTAL AND TOTAL AND COMPLETE COMPLETE SURPRISESURPRISE
LOST ALL SUBS LOST ALL SUBS AND ONLY 29 AND ONLY 29 PLANESPLANES
DESTROYED DESTROYED PACIFIC FLEET PACIFIC FLEET
JAPANESE MISSED JAPANESE MISSED OIL FIELDSOIL FIELDS DRY DOCKSDRY DOCKS AND THE 3 AND THE 3
AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT CARRIERS CARRIERS LEXINGTON – LEXINGTON – YORKTOWN- YORKTOWN- SARATOGASARATOGA
Fall of the PhillipinesFall of the Phillipines
DEC 1941-MAY DEC 1941-MAY 19421942
OUTGUNNED OUTGUNNED OUTNUMBERED NO OUTNUMBERED NO WAY TO WAY TO REINFORCE – REINFORCE – PACIFIC FLEET WAS PACIFIC FLEET WAS DESTROYED ON DESTROYED ON DEC 7THDEC 7TH
Battan Death MarchBattan Death March
76000 AMERICAN 76000 AMERICAN AND PHILLIPINOS AND PHILLIPINOS SURRENDERED SURRENDERED
6 DAY 60 MILE 6 DAY 60 MILE FORCED POW FORCED POW MARCH – MARCH – RESULTED IN 5000 RESULTED IN 5000 MURDERSMURDERS
CORREGIDOR FALLSCORREGIDOR FALLS
LAST BASTION TO LAST BASTION TO SURRENDER SURRENDER ISLAND GUARDING ISLAND GUARDING ENTRANCE TO ENTRANCE TO MANILA BAYMANILA BAY
CALLED THE ROCKCALLED THE ROCK MAC ARTHUR’S MAC ARTHUR’S
LAST STRONHOLDLAST STRONHOLD
Doolittle RaidDoolittle Raid
APRIL 18APRIL 18THTH 1942 1942 16 B25 BOMBERS 16 B25 BOMBERS
LEFT USS HORNET LEFT USS HORNET TO BOMB TOKYOTO BOMB TOKYO
MORAL BOOST MORAL BOOST ONE WAY MISSION ONE WAY MISSION
71 OF THE 80 MEN 71 OF THE 80 MEN SURVIVEDSURVIVED
ISLAND HOPPINGISLAND HOPPING
1942 United States begins to take 1942 United States begins to take back Pacificback Pacific
Islands used as airfields and supply Islands used as airfields and supply stations stations
Japanese would fight to the death on Japanese would fight to the death on themthem
RabaulRabaul Last Japanese to surrender would be in Last Japanese to surrender would be in
the 1960’sthe 1960’s
CORAL SEA –CORAL SEA – USS LEXINGTON USS LEXINGTON
MAY 4-10 1942MAY 4-10 1942 FIRST NAVAL FIRST NAVAL
BATTLE WHERE BATTLE WHERE SHIPS NEVER SAW SHIPS NEVER SAW EACH OTHEREACH OTHER
TURNING POINT TURNING POINT JAPANESE JAPANESE
ADVANCE IS ADVANCE IS STOPPEDSTOPPED
MIDWAYMIDWAYB-17 STRIKE ON HIRYUB-17 STRIKE ON HIRYU
JUNE 4-7 1942JUNE 4-7 1942 SECOND NAVAL SECOND NAVAL
BATTLE WHERE BATTLE WHERE SHIPS DID NOT SEE SHIPS DID NOT SEE EACH OTHEREACH OTHER
DEVESTATING TO DEVESTATING TO JAPANESE JAPANESE CARRIERSCARRIERS
Battle of Solomon’sBattle of Solomon’s
AUGUST 1942AUGUST 1942 PART OF THE PART OF THE
ISLAND HOPING ISLAND HOPING CAMPAGIAN TO CAMPAGIAN TO CAPTURE CAPTURE AIRFIELDS AND AIRFIELDS AND PROTECT SUPPLY PROTECT SUPPLY ROUTES TO ROUTES TO GUADACANALGUADACANAL
Battle for GuadacanalBattle for Guadacanal
AUGUST 1942-AUGUST 1942-FEBRUARY 1943FEBRUARY 1943
90 MILES LONG 25 90 MILES LONG 25 MILES WIDEMILES WIDE
HALTS JAPANESE HALTS JAPANESE ADVANCE IN ADVANCE IN PACIFICPACIFIC
TARAWATARAWA
NOVEMBER 1943NOVEMBER 1943 11STST AMPHIBIOUS AMPHIBIOUS
ASSAULT TO HAVE ASSAULT TO HAVE RESISTANCERESISTANCE
3 DAY BATTLE FOR 3 DAY BATTLE FOR AIRFIELD 3301 US AIRFIELD 3301 US CASUALITIES 4836 CASUALITIES 4836 JAPANESE KILED JAPANESE KILED ALL BUT 146ALL BUT 146
Battle for Leyte GulfBattle for Leyte Gulf
OCTOBER 23-26 OCTOBER 23-26 19441944
MACARTHURS MACARTHURS RETURN TO THE RETURN TO THE PHILLIPINES PHILLIPINES
IWO JIMAIWO JIMA
February –March February –March 1945 1945
Important island Important island for B-29’sfor B-29’s
Japanese fought to Japanese fought to the death 21000 the death 21000 entire force killedentire force killed
6821 Americans 6821 Americans lostlost
Proved mainland Proved mainland invasion costlyinvasion costly
OKINAWAOKINAWA
April-June 1945April-June 1945 Last step to Last step to
mainland Japan – mainland Japan – needed as B-29 needed as B-29 base – more would base – more would die on this island die on this island than both of the A-than both of the A-Bombs victimsBombs victims
12,281Americans12,281Americans 110,000 Japanese110,000 Japanese
ENOLA GAYENOLA GAY
Col. Tibbits Aug 6 Col. Tibbits Aug 6 19451945
9000 pound Little 9000 pound Little Boy dropped 8:15 Boy dropped 8:15 am from 31,000 am from 31,000 feet feet
72,000 killed72,000 killed 70,000 of 76,000 70,000 of 76,000
buildings destroyedbuildings destroyed
The BombsThe Bombs
Hiroshima = Little Hiroshima = Little Boy and B-29 Enola Boy and B-29 Enola GayGay
Aug 6 1945Aug 6 1945 Uranium Uranium 20,000 tons of TNT20,000 tons of TNT Instantly killed Instantly killed
70,00070,000
Nagasaki = Fat Nagasaki = Fat Man and B-29 Man and B-29 Bock’s CarBock’s Car
Aug 9 1945Aug 9 1945 PlutoniumPlutonium 21,000 tons TNT21,000 tons TNT Instantly killed Instantly killed
40,00040,000
The bombings caused a fraction The bombings caused a fraction of the casualties of WW IIof the casualties of WW II
Fire raids on Tokyo in 1945 killed Fire raids on Tokyo in 1945 killed over 100,000 and wounded over a over 100,000 and wounded over a million – in all WW II had 55 million million – in all WW II had 55 million casualtiescasualties
Hiroshima chosen as the only city not Hiroshima chosen as the only city not to have American POWs – military to have American POWs – military communication center population communication center population 300,000300,000
Nagasaki secondary target Steel and Nagasaki secondary target Steel and Arms plant owned by MitsubshiArms plant owned by Mitsubshi
Why the BombWhy the Bomb
Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project As the U.S forces approached Japan – As the U.S forces approached Japan –
the United States realized the the United States realized the Japanese people would fight to the Japanese people would fight to the death if an invasion occurred – death if an invasion occurred – measured in the battles of Iwo Jima measured in the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawaand Okinawa
Cost 1 million American lives – after Cost 1 million American lives – after first bomb Japan refused to surrender first bomb Japan refused to surrender – –
SURRENDERSURRENDER
September 2 1945 September 2 1945 aboard USS aboard USS MissouriMissouri
After 2 A-BombsAfter 2 A-Bombs Fighting from Fighting from
1936-19451936-1945 Declaration of war Declaration of war
by Soviet Union on by Soviet Union on JapanJapan
U.S. END OF WW IIU.S. END OF WW II
America left the America left the war stronger than war stronger than when they enteredwhen they entered
Cost 405,000 Cost 405,000 deathsdeaths
Controlled 50%of Controlled 50%of the worlds wealththe worlds wealth
Pride in the Pride in the defense of freedom defense of freedom and democracyand democracy
U.S.S.R. END WW IIU.S.S.R. END WW II
Western Soviet Western Soviet Union destroyed Union destroyed by 1945by 1945
20 million Soviets 20 million Soviets died in the wardied in the war
Left 25 million Left 25 million homelesshomeless
Developed buffer Developed buffer states – in eastern states – in eastern Europe Europe