WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Sound generation

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Dynamic microphone needs no batteries

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Condenser microphone needs batteries or phantom power

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Microphone sensitivity

Omnidirectional Cardioid

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Microphone sensitivity

Hypercardioid Cardioid

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Microphone sensitivity

Shotgun of supercardiod Cardioid

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Microphone sensitivity

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Sampling rate

44.1 kHZ(cycles per second)

Twice the highest frequency that a healthy human can hear (22 kHZ)

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Bit depth(number of divisions per sample). Greater bit depth provides smoother, more accurate sound. 16 bits is the professional radio standard.

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Graphic representation of sound in Audacity editing program

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

0 dB analog is standard -12 dB digital with peaks no greater than 0 dB

VU (analog) and Digital meters register average recording levels

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Clipping means the peaks of sound curves are cut off making recordings sound harsh and highly irritating

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Clipping in an audio editing program

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Cables, connectors and plugs — make sure you have the right ones

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

“Balanced” XLR cables. The standard for professional sound support — public address, musicians, radio & TV. Heavy duty, locking connectors, free from interference over long distances.

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Cables, connectors and plugs

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

TS (tip-sleeve) cable with 1/4” plug. Has two

conductors but no ground, for

short distances only.

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TRS (tip-ring-sleeve) balanced cable. Has two conductors plus ground. Same as XLR cable but with 1/4” plugs. Can run long distances.

Cables, jacks and plugs

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1/4” jacks

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WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Miniature stereo phone plugsStandard connectors for computer and portable audio components

Cables, jacks and plugs

WVUncovered: Recording Theory

RCA jacks

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RCA (home stereo) cables, jacks and plugs. One

conductor plus ground. Keep as short as possible.

1/8” stereo plug (male) to RCA jack

(female).

1/8” stereo jack (female) to two RCA monaural plugs (male).

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WVUncovered: Recording Theory

Mixer inputs: 4 XLR mic input jacks (right), 5 RCA audio component jacks (center), 1 XLR (male) mic output plug plus 1 RCA output jack (left)

Cables, connectors and plugs