WV Spatial Data Infrastructure

Kurt Donaldson Craig Neidig

WV Spatial Data InfrastructureWV Core Layers:

Orthoimagery

Hydrography

Transportation

Elevation

Boundaries(Governmental Units)

Land Ownership (Cadastral)

Structures

Geographic Names

Geodetic Control

Build Once, Use Many Times

Why build “Framework” base layers?

• Commonly used base spatial data – almost always need it to make a map

• High resolution spatial and temporal accuracies• Spatial databases complete in geometry and attribution• Standards-based, well-documented • Enhanced functionality (i.e., NHD stream flow, linear referencing)

• Seamless across political or other collection area boundaries• Reduces costly data duplication efforts• Facilitates data exchange (i.e., NHD to TIGER/Line)• Certified, consistent base layers for The National Map

Trends for Statewide Core Data SetsGeospatial Trends for Statewide Core Data Sets

1:24,000 Scale1990’s-present

1:100,000 Scale

1980’S

1:4800 ScaleFuture

Orthoimagery

• Present– 1996-1999 USGS Color-Infrared Digital Orthophoto Quads

• 1:12,000 scale (1” = 1000 ft.)

• 1 meter GSD

• 1822 USGS 3.75-Minute quarter quads

• Valued at 2 million

• Future– 2003 Statewide Addressing and Mapping Board (SAMB) Natural Color

Orthophotos• 1:4800 scale (1” = 400 ft.)

• 2 foot GSD

• 8,000 image files – 10,000’ x 10,000’ Tiles

• 4.72 million; USDA cost share $375,000

• Challenges– Large file size and quantity of SAMB imagery

– Update cycles for new imagery

Orthoimagery

CIR AERIAL PHOTOS

Scale: 1:12,000 1” = 1,000 ft.

Date: 1996-97

AERIAL PHOTOS

Scale: 1:4800 1” = 400 ft.

Date: Spring 2003

Present Future

Hydrography

• Present– 1:24,000-scale National Hydrography Dataset (NHD)

– 1:24,000-scale sub watershed boundaries (6th level, 12-digit HUCs)

• Future– Convert SAMB hydography to 1:4800-scale NHD

– SAMB data: minimum attribution

• Challenges– Funding, needs analysis, cost-effectiveness of conversion

Hydrography (1:24,000)

6th Level (12 Digit) Subwatersheds

Transportation• Present

– 1:24,000-scale Topographic Map-Based vectors (minimal attribution)

– 1:62,500-scale WV DOT (cartographic generalizations)

– 1:100,00-scale Census TIGER files (poor spatial resolution)

• Future– 1:4800-scale SAMB addressable road centerlines

– Census MAF/TIGER Modernization • Re-alignment of Census TIGER data to SAMB road centerlines

• SAMB data meets minimum requirement of 7.6 meters accuracy

• Challenges– Long-term maintenance of statewide, addressable road centerline data set

– Integration with SAMB long-term maintenance program

– Integrating statewide road centerline data set with locally produced edge of pavement (double line) roads

Transportation (1:24,000)

State DOT GIS Implementation

2004 AASHTO GIS-T Symposium

Elevation

• Present– 1:24,000-scale Digital Line Graphy (vector) Hypsography (77%) – 30-meter DEMs (100%)– 10-meter DEMs (36%)

• Future– High-Resolution Elevation Products (5 meter or better DEM grids)

• WVSAMB “enhanced” digital terrain model – WV DOT $850,000 cost share for Microstation files– USGS Pilot to convert SAMB to gridded raster

• IFSAR digital terrain model• LIDAR

• Challenges– Vertical accuracies not guaranteed in dense vegetation – Best product for the National Elevation Dataset (NED)

Elevation (1:24,000)

IFSAR (2003)

ElevationDATASET NAME OWNER(S) Horiz.

AccuracyVertical RMSE and

Contour IntervalMAPPING SYSTEM

UNIT

% WV

DATE

National Elevation Dataset (Level 1 & 2 DEMs)

USGS 30 meter 

10 to 50 ft. RMSE20 or 40 ft. C.I.

Seamless Nation-wide

100 2000

Digital Line Graph (DLG) Contours and Spot Elevations

USGS 1:24,000-scale

10 to 20 ft. RMSE20 or 40 ft. C.I.

7.5 Min. Quad

77 1950-1997

10-meter DEMs (USGS)

USGS 10 m 10 to 20 ft. RMSE 7.5 Min. Quad

36 Varies

Enhanced DTM(mass points & break lines)

WVSAMB 5 ft. RMSE10 ft. C.I.

10,000 ft. x 10,000 ft.

tiles

100 2003

IFSAR DTM(5 meter postings)

 Intermap 2.0 m 3 ft. (1st Surface) 10 ft. C.I.

40,000 square km

 40 2003 

LIDAR FEMA 0.5 m 0.5 ft. RMSE < 2 ft. C.I.

Study Area 2 Varies

1.25 m

Boundaries (Governmental Units)

• Present– Various types of political and administrative boundaries compiled at

various scales: County and Municipal Boundaries; Census Geographic Entity Boundaries; Public Land Boundaries; Tax District Boundaries; Emergency Service Zone Boundaries; Legislative Boundaries

• Future– Improved Coordination:

• WV Association of Land Surveyors for GIS-compatible surveys

• WV Legislative Redistricting Office for District Boundaries

• Census Submission of Digital Annexation & Boundary Surveys

– Improve Boundaries with SAMB data

• Challenges– Certified, consistent boundaries the same for all levels of government

– Shared geographic boundaries properly aligned (i.e., WMAs with NF)

Boundaries (1:24,000-scale)

Boundary Comparison (24k versus 500k)

Land Ownership (Cadastral)

• Present– 42 of 55 counties (76 %) are using, or transitioning to, GIS-based tax

mapping programs

• Future– Link SAMB addressable mapping files (i.e., structures) with cadastral

• Challenges– Local assessors establishing GIS-based mapping programs

– Linking geographic files to State’s Integrated Assessment System (IAS)

– Capitalize on Mineral Parcel Mapping Project

– Statewide repository of tax parcel files

WV Digital Tax Mapping Status

Mineral Parcel Mapping Project - WVDTR

Mineral Parcel Mapping Project• Can be a starting point for digital tax map conversions• Not all surface parcel related features collected• Not continually updated

Local Tax Map

WV DTR Collection

State Mapping Project

Geographic Names

• Present– Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

– Updates by West Virginia through web data entry and edit forms

• Future (maintenance activities)– Target GNIS feature classes with high error rate for batch processing

• Wildlife Management Areas (WV DNR)

• Schools (WV Army National Guard)

– Update GNIS manmade features with SAMB addressable mapping layers• Schools, Churches, Hospitals, Bridge, Building, Airport)

– Incorporate subtypes (Schools – public, private, college, vocational)

• Challenges– Reconciling previous with more current name databases

Structures

• Present– Limited

• Future – SAMB addressable structures (approximately 800,000)

• building centroids

• footprint polygons of major structures (> 7500 square feet)

• Challenges– Maintenance of statewide structure database

– Integration of structure spatial database with other data models

SAMB Structures – Centroids and Footprints

Geodetic Control (Transparent Layer)

• Present – WV High Accuracy Reference Network (HARN) established in 2000

– New ground control established through SAMB

• Future – Additional CORS survey grade base stations

– Densify Federal Base Network

• Challenges– Establishing protocols for exchanging geographic information between

surveyors and GIS professionals

The National Map

21st Century Topographic MapA seamless, continuously maintained, and consistent set of online, public domain, core geographic data

• Cartographic Product– High quality, visually appealing printed product

• State Portal to National National – WVmap State Portal– Public access to data via USGS, state, or other portals– WVmap portal customized to West Virginia’s needs – Seamless download– Projection and GIS format translators– Search and map display functions

• Search by place name, address, coordinate)• Print-on-demand maps

• Challenges– Establishing protocols for exchanging geographic information between surveyors and GIS professionals

Printed Cartographic Product

Morgantown South, WV pilot map

National Map Viewer

State Map Viewer

Wvmap – Customized to WV’s Needs

Customized Javascript function for ArcIMS

Viewer Partnerships• FEDERAL

– National Elevation Dataset (USGS)

– National Hydrography Dataset (USGS)

– Geographic Names (USGS)

– Flood Hazard Areas (FEMA)

– SAMB Orthophotos (USDA)

– National Forest Lands (USFS)

– National Park Lands (NPS)

• STATE– State Forests / Wildlife Management Areas (WV DNR)

– Critical Infrastructure (WV OES)

– Water Intakes ( WV BPH)

– Mining Data (WV DEP)

– Geology (WV GES)

– Coal Impoundments (WV CS, CET)

– Land Cover (WVU NRAC)

• PRIVATE SECTOR– New Roads (Baker Engineering)

AGENCY ROLL CALL• Present and future mapping activities

• Final Report – August 1st

• 62 agencies submitted