WTOWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

WHAT IS WTO?A series of trade negotiation from

the end of Second World War

HISTORY of WTO

Established in 1947The rationale for GATT based on

MFNWhat is MFN?The uruguay roundGATS as a guideline and

Intellectual Property Rights

PURPOSE OF WTO

Ensure trade commneces smoothly

Creates a legal groud rulesCreate an economic peace and

stabilityEncourage international

investments

STRUCTURE

ORGANSMinistreal conferenceGeneral councilCouncilsCommitteesSecretariat and budget

GATT principles

Non discriminationTransparencyConsultation and dispute

settlementsNegotiationReciprocityNational treatmentReduction of customs duties

Principal Objectives of WTO

be a forum based on lowering tariff

help trading industrythe administrator of multilateral

trade

FUNCTIONSTo ensure the execution and

management of aggrements based on multilateral trade aggrements

To create a negotiation environment in trade relations between the member states

To operate the mechanism for the resolution of disputes

FUNCTIONS ( cont)To operate trade policy review

mechanism ( TPRM)To cooperate with IMF and the

World Bank in order to contribute to the formation of economic policies on aglobal basis

MEMBER COUNTRIES and MEMBERSHIP PROCESS

MEMBER COUNTRIES and MEMBERSHIP PROCESS ( cont)

159 member countries30 countries that have observer

status, a step for becoming a full member

MEMBER COUNTRIES AntiguaBarbuda,  Arjantin,  Avustralya,Avusturya, Bahreyn, 

Bangladeş, Barbados, Belçika, Belize, Bolivya, Botsvana, Brezilya, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cape Verde,Kanada, Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti, Şili, Kolombiya, Kosta Rika, Fildişi Sahilleri, Küba, Kıbrıs, Kırgızistan, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Danimarka, Cibuti, Dominik, Dominik Cumhuriyeti, Mısır, El Salvador, Estonya, Finlandiya, Fransa, Gabon, Almanya, Gana,Yunanistan, Grenada, Guatemala, Gine, Yeni Gine, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong, Macaristan, İzlanda, Hindistan, Endonezya, İrlanda,İsrail, İtalya, Jamaika, Japonya, Kenya, Kore Cumhuriyeti, Kuveyt, Lesoto, Liechtenstein, Lüksemburg, Makau, Madagaskar, Malavi,Malezya, Maldivler, Mali, Malta, Moritanya, Mauritius, Meksika, Fas, Mozambik, Myanmar, Namibya, Hollanda, Hollanda Antilleri, Yeni Zelanda, Nikaragua, Nijerya, Norveç, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Filipinler, Polonya, Portekiz, Romanya, Saint Lucia, St. Vincent ve Grenadinler, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapur, Slovakya, Slovenya, Güney Afrika, İspanya, Sri Lanka, Surinam, Swaziland, İsveç, İsviçre,Tanzanya, Tayland, Togo, Trinidad ve Tobago, Tunus, Türkiye, Uganda, İngiltere, ABD, Ukrayna, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambiya veZimbabve

Accession Process in WTO

1)Official Application and Establishment of the Working Group

2) Biliteral Concessions Negotiations and Reviews of Working Party

3)Accession Protocol4)Decision Process

TURKEY and WTO26 march 1995 with the decision by

the Council of Ministers.Agreements between WTO and Turkey

are based on agriculture, anti-dumping, balance of payments, customs, values , import bans, regional trade agreements, technological products, rules of origin, safeguard measures, services, technical barriers to trade, textiles, intellectual property rights, trade and development ..etc.

DEVELOPMENTS AFTER WTOIndustrial developmentsAgricultural developmentsService sector developmentsIntellectual property rightsTrade policy review mechanism

( TPRM)

WHAT ABOUT FUTURE ?Agriculture, anti-dumping, civil

aviation, trade and environment, ıntellectual propert rights associated trade etc. as agenda in future

CRITISMS FOR WTOUnfortunately, serves for

developed countries’ benefitsThe need for adding a social

dimension to the new WTO rules apart from commrecial benefit

The practices causing unfair competition

Subsidied exports of developed countries as a threat for local productions

EZGİ IŞIK FULYA ERKUT

GÖKÇEN ÇETİN MUSTAFA YILDIRIM