Direct Speech Indirect SpeechSimple Present : Subject + verb 1 vita said , “I am study hard”.

Simple past : subject + verb 2 Vita said that she student hard.

Present continuoos : S + am , is , are + ving vito said , “I’m playing football”.

Past continous : S + was , were , +ving Vito said that he was playing football.

Present perfect : S + has, have + V3 Nadia said, “I have written a letter for my niece.”

Past prefect : S + had + V3Nadia said that she had written a letter for her niece.

Simple past : S + V2 Rosa said, “ I listened to the music.”

Past perfect : S + had + V3 Rosa said that she had listened to the music.

Present future : S + will + V1 S + be going to +V1Rio said, “ I will buy a mobile phone.”Rio said, “ I am going to type my assignment.

Past future : S + would + V1 : S + be (past) going to +V1Rio said that he would buy a mobile phone.Rio said that he was going to type his assignment.

Modals : can , may , must + infinitive Putri said, “ I can swim very well.”Ajeng said, “I may go to the bookstore.

Could , might , had to + infinitive Putri said that she could swim very well.Ajeng said that she might go to the bookstore.

Direct Indirecta. Aldo says, “ I eat friend chiken”. Aldo says that he eats fried chicken.b. Riza says, “I am reading a novel”. Riza says that he is reading a novel.c. Mrs. Harry says” I cooked chicken soup.” Mrs. Harry says that she cooked chicken.d. Mr. Indra says , “ will get the news on tsunami”. Mr. Indra says that he will get the news on.

Direct IndirectNow Then Today That day Tomorrow The next day, the day after, the following day.Next…… The….after, the following.….. ago Before.Yesterday The day before.The day before yesterday Two day before.Here There.This That.These Those.Last The…..before, the previous.

Direct speech Indirect speech with the introductoryVerb in the past tense

Imperative (positive)Go awayBring me a bookImperative (negative)Don’t do thatDon’t clean it yourself

He told me to go awayShe asked her to bring him a book

He asked me (her, us, ect) not to do itHe told me not clan it myself

Statement I’m very sorryI lost my temper yesterday

He said that he was very sorryHe told me that he had lost temper the day before.

“Wh” questions Where are you going ?How did you do this ?Yes / no questionsAre you enjoying yourselfCan you hear me ?

He asked her where she was going I wanted to know how you had done that

He asked me if/whether I was enjoying my selfShe wanted to know if/whether I could hear her

ExclamationsWhat a lovelyHello I where are you going ?Oh dear ! I’ve torn my skirt.

She remarked what a lovely house it wasShe greeted me and asked me where I was goingShe exclaimed sadly that she had torn her skirt

The movie wasn’t very good.We saw it last night. The movie which / that we saw last night wasn’t very good.

Buggsy bought the house that had belonged to Liberace.The boy who work in the university played the piano.The phone book that James borrowed