Write a letter to a student who has been absent from Write a letter to a student who has been absent from classclass– Describe what consciousness isDescribe what consciousness is– Explain the four levels of consciousnessExplain the four levels of consciousness– Example:Example:

Dear Suzy, Dear Suzy, – Today we learned about food preferences in different cultures. Today we learned about food preferences in different cultures.

Sight and smell strongly influence the types of food we eat. Sight and smell strongly influence the types of food we eat. Geography also plays a role. The main purpose of eating is to Geography also plays a role. The main purpose of eating is to survive from day to day. Originally, societies ate what was survive from day to day. Originally, societies ate what was available to them, which depended on their environment. available to them, which depended on their environment. Cultural traditions also affect us. We tend to eat the foods to Cultural traditions also affect us. We tend to eat the foods to which our parents introduced us. which our parents introduced us.

– I’m sorry you missed class today. We got to watch a video clip I’m sorry you missed class today. We got to watch a video clip from a really cool show called “Bizarre Foods.” The host ate from a really cool show called “Bizarre Foods.” The host ate things like the beating heart of a snake and fried scorpions.things like the beating heart of a snake and fried scorpions.

– See you when you get back!See you when you get back!

Activity Altered state

1. Studying for a test

2. Drinking coffee

3. Daydreaming

4. Listening to music

5. Watching TV

6. Smoking a cigarette

7. Taking a cold pill

8. Praying

Normal state of consciousness

Concept 2: Altered States of Concept 2: Altered States of ConsciousnessConsciousness

LEQ 2A: How do you alter your state of LEQ 2A: How do you alter your state of consciousness?consciousness?

LEQ 2B: How do you do hypnosis, LEQ 2B: How do you do hypnosis, meditation, and biofeedback?meditation, and biofeedback?

LEQ 2C: How do drugs affect your LEQ 2C: How do drugs affect your consciousness?consciousness?

Altered States of ConsciousnessAltered States of Consciousness

Consciousness is “dynamic”Consciousness is “dynamic”– Constantly changes or flowsConstantly changes or flows– Can be situations when we are aware of things Can be situations when we are aware of things

without knowing itwithout knowing it– Awareness can be interruptedAwareness can be interrupted

5 Altered States 5 Altered States (when your sense of self or the world (when your sense of self or the world changes [sensations/perceptions changed])changes [sensations/perceptions changed])

– HypnosisHypnosis– MeditationMeditation– BiofeedbackBiofeedback– SleepSleep– DrugsDrugs

REST

TIRED

AWAKE

DREAM

SNORE

BED

EAT

SLUMBER

SOUND

COMFORT

WAKE

NIGHT

Meditation, Hypnosis, and Meditation, Hypnosis, and BiofeedbackBiofeedback

HypnosisHypnosis

GoalGoal– Reduce anxiety, manage pain, overcome Reduce anxiety, manage pain, overcome

fears, restore memory, pain prevention, quit fears, restore memory, pain prevention, quit habitshabits

Hypnosis activity!Hypnosis activity!

HypnosisHypnosis

TechniqueTechnique– Put in hypnotic trance by asking them to focus Put in hypnotic trance by asking them to focus

on something specific and then get them to on something specific and then get them to relaxrelax

must have a positive attitude aboutmust have a positive attitude about

HypnosisHypnosis

ResultResult– anesthetic during surgery – helps with painanesthetic during surgery – helps with pain– doesn’t really help memorydoesn’t really help memory– can help quit something by linking habit with can help quit something by linking habit with

bad imagebad image

BiofeedbackBiofeedback

GoalGoal– Control certain body functions like heart rate Control certain body functions like heart rate

and cope with tensionand cope with tension

BiofeedbackBiofeedback

TechniqueTechnique– Use sensory equipment to monitor Use sensory equipment to monitor

brainwaves or HR and BPbrainwaves or HR and BP task is to keep line level or controlledtask is to keep line level or controlled

BiofeedbackBiofeedback

ResultResult– Control HR or BPControl HR or BP– Treat tension headachesTreat tension headaches

MeditationMeditation

GoalGoal– Method used to narrow consciousness so that Method used to narrow consciousness so that

the stresses of the outside world fade awaythe stresses of the outside world fade away

MeditationMeditation

TechniqueTechnique– Focus on a peaceful, repetitive stimulusFocus on a peaceful, repetitive stimulus– ExamplesExamples

““Ommm”Ommm”

MusicMusic

Intricate patternsIntricate patterns

Breathing patternsBreathing patterns

MeditationMeditation

ResultResult– Consciousness narrowed and become Consciousness narrowed and become

relaxed (suspends worry)relaxed (suspends worry)– Lowers Blood Pressure and Heart RateLowers Blood Pressure and Heart Rate