Upload
hemanta-kumar-dash
View
245
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
1/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 1 of 1Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
Baseline Requirements Document
Title: Mars Energetic Radiation Environment Models (MEREM) - BaselineRequirements Document
Document reference QINETIQ/S DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.dProject reference: Parent project: QINETIQ/KI/SPACE/20/258
Prepared by: Dr Dave Rodgers, Dr Fan Lei & Dr Pete Truscott
Signature:
Date:
Authorised by: Dr Petteri Nieminen
Signature:
Issued by:Sector/location/telephone/fax:
Security & Dual-Use Sector, Space DivisionRoom G081, A8 Building
QinetiQ, FarnboroughTel: 01252 393290 Fax: 01252 396330
AbstractThe general baseline requirements are presented for Mars Energetic Radiation Environment Model(MEREM) software tool which will be used to predict the radiation environment in Martian orbits, aswell as on the surface of the planet and its moons.
.
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
2/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 2 of 2 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
Record of changesThis is a controlled document. Additional copies are obtained through the issuing authority. In theevent of copying locally, including electronically, mark each document Uncontrolled Copy. Fullissues and page amendments are identified on this page. Forward proposals for change in writing tothe issuing authority.
Issue Date Detail of changes0.a0.b0.c0.d
17 August 200623 September 200614 January 200702 February 2007
First draft for discussion at technical progress meetingUpdated draft following QPM comments
Updated following comments from Ana Keating
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
3/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 3 of 3Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
Table of contents
1 INTRODUCTION 41.1 Contractual 41.2 Purpose of the Document 41.3 Background 41.4 Scope of the Software 41.5 Definitions, acronyms and abbreviations 41.6 References 52 REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS 62.1 Functions and performance 72.2 Operational and maintenance requirements 102.3 Verification and validation requirements 113 DESIGN CONSTRAINTS 124 CRITICAL FUNCTIONS 125 LOWER LEVEL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING STANDARDS 126 SYSTEM PARTITIONING 12
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
4/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 4 of 4 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
1 Introduction1.1 ContractualThis baseline requirements document has been issued by QinetiQ Ltd for ESA/ESTEC under contract19770/06/NL/JD (ESA Technology Research Programme).
1.2 Purpose of the DocumentThis document describes the baseline requirements for the Mars Energetic Radiation EnvironmentModel (MEREM) software tool which will be used to predict the radiation environment in Martianorbits, as well as on the surface of the planet and its moons.
1.3 BackgroundThe role of the MEREM (Mars Energetic Radiation Environment Model) software is to permit the
assessment of the Martian radiation environment for orbital spacecraft and Mars planetary andmoon landers or habitats. Hence consideration needs to be given to environmental factors thataffect biological matter (especially people) and equipment, both in Martian orbits and on the surfaceof the planet or its moons.
When being used for mission analysis, the results of MEREM will normally be fed into detailedsimulations to generate estimates of doses, displacement damage, SEU rates, biological doseequivalents etc. As part of the SPENVIS system, MEREM will be able to export its results directly intovarious pre-existing simulation tools.
It is intended that the users of MEREM should ultimately be mission designers and planners, as wellas space radiation effects scientists. However, it is noted that the software is, at the request of the
Customer, to be based on the Geant4 radiation simulation toolkit, which is more accuratelyconsidered as an advanced research tool.
1.4 Scope of the SoftwareThe envisaged software will provide new physics simulation in the Geant4 radiation transport toolkit.It is intended that these be used with Geant4 v8.2 or later [??].
1.5 Definitions, acronyms and abbreviationsESA European Space Agency
ESTEC European Space Technology Centre
Geant4 C++ toolkit for Monte Carlo simulation of high-energy, fundamental particletransport, developed by an international collaboration led by CERN.
GUR general user requirement
OO object-oriented
UR user requirement
URD User Requirements Document
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
5/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 5 of 5Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
1.6 References[1] ECSS-E-40 Part 1B: Space engineering - Software - Part 1: Principles and requirements
[2] ECSS-E-40 Part 2: space engineering - Software Part 2: Document requirements definitions(DRDs)
[3] Statement of work: MarsREM, ESA ITT/A0/1-4944/05NL/JD, 2005
[4] Proposal: MarsREM Martian Radiation Environment Models,QinetiQ/S&DU/SPACE/BID051997, 2005
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
6/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 6 of 6 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
2 Requirements analysisThis requirements analysis follows the procedure described in the ECSS standard for spaceengineering software [1,2], as tailored by the statement of work [3] for this project.
Figure 1 shows the first-level decomposition of the applications that will form the MEREM system,and these applications are cross-referenced to the different requirements in the subsequent sectionsof this document. The term MEREM framework refers to the interface and graphing applications(idMEREM, ieMEREM, GA), as well as other input data used to help define source particle andgeometry conditions. Note that this figure is not intended to be exhaustive, and so does not includeall details of the inputs to and outputs from the MEREM applications, which will be defined in thesoftware design.
MEREM framework (Spenvis-based)
idMEREMGraphical User
interface for dMEREM
ieMEREMGraphical User
Interface for eMEREM
GASpenvis graphing
applications
dMEREM
application
eMEREM
application
CSV Spenvis-formatdata files
Source particle data
Atmospheric +
Geology data
Figure 1: Definition of the different utilities and applications forming the Mars Energetic RadiationEnvironment Model (MEREM).
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
7/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 7 of 7Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
2.1 Functions and performanceUR ID Description of Requirement Importance ModuleUR 1 The software shall calculate the radiation environment
of Mars arising from both primary particles of galacticand solar origin and the secondary particles producedfrom the interaction of primary particles with matter inand around Mars.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 2 The software shall provide rapid assessment of differentmission options
Essential eMEREM
UR 3 The software shall provide accurate analysis for specificcases
Essential dMEREM
UR 4
4.14.24.3
The software shall provide the radiation environment:
In Mars OrbitOn the Martian surfaceOn the surfaces of the Martian moons (the environmentshall be averaged over the surface of the moon ratherthan a surface dose-map).
Essential
e & dMEREMe & dMEREMdMEREM
UR 5
5.15.2
5.3
5.45.55.65.75.8
The software shall model the dependence of theradiation environment on:
Solar cycle phaseOrbit (for orbital environments)
Surface latitude, longitude and altitude (for surfaceenvironments)Space weather conditionsSurface climateSurface weather conditionsLocal magnetic field*Variations in surface composition
EssentialEssential
Essential
EssentialEssentialDesirableDesirableEssential
e & dMEREMe & dMEREM
dMEREM
e & dMEREMe & dMEREMdMEREMdMEREMdMEREM
UR 6 The software shall model the dependence of theradiation environment on the Martian orbital positionaround the sun
Desirable eMEREMdMEREM
UR 7
7.17.2
7.37.47.57.6
The software shall take at least the following user inputparameters:
DateDuration of exposure, e.g. number of orbits or time spenton surfaceSurface location on Mars (for surface environments)Spacecraft orbit (for orbital environments)Space weather index e.g. solar wind velocityUser-defined surface composition
EssentialEssential
EssentialEssentialEssentialEssential
e & dMEREMe & dMEREM
e & dMEREMe & dMEREMe & dMEREMeMEREM
*Considered important for electron contribution to dose.
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
8/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 8 of 8 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
UR ID Description of Requirement Importance ModuleUR 8
8.18.28.38.48.5
Outputs from the software should include the followingdata:
Neutron / proton flux spectrum as function of energyIon flux spectrum (including protons) as function of LETElectron flux spectrum as function of energyX-/-ray flux spectrum as a function of energyShort-lived particles (e.g. Muons and Pions)
EssentialEssentialEssentialEssentialDesirable
e & dMEREMe & dMEREMe & dMEREMe & dMEREMe & dMEREM
UR 9
9.1
9.2
9.3
The software shall output the radiation environment dueto primary and secondary particles:
The fluxes or dose due to the combined primary andsecondary populationsPrimary radiation populations
Secondary radiation populations (including albedo fromthe surface and atmosphere)
Essential
Essential
Essential
e & dMEREM
dMEREM
dMEREM
UR 10 The software shall output data concerning the directionof radiation populations, i.e. flux as a function of energyand angle for the different populations
Desirable e & dMEREM
UR 11 There shall be a module providing a graphical userinterface
Essential ieMEREM &idMEREM
UR 12 The software shall be easy to use for mission designersand planners
Essential eMEREM
UR 13 The software service shall be web-based Essential MEREMframework
UR 14 There shall be a module defining the primary radiationenvironment in the vicinity of Mars.
Essential MEREMframework
UR 15
15.115.2
15.3
Primary sources of radiation shall include:
Galactic Cosmic RaysSolar Energetic Particles (This will be linked with the ESASEPEM contract activity if possible, but as a baseline, 1/Rvariation will be used provisionally with appropriatewarning provided)Solar X-rays (Digitised versions of example flares?)
EssentialEssential
Essential
e & dMEREMe & dMEREM
dMEREM
*
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
9/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 9 of 9Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
UR ID Description of Requirement Importance ModuleUR 16
16.116.216.316.416.5
There shall be a module defining:
The Martian atmosphereThe Martian surface topologyThe Martian geologyThe Martian climateThe geology of Martian moons
EssentialEssentialEssentialDesirableEssential
e & dMEREMdMEREMe & dMEREMe & dMEREMdMEREM
UR 17 There shall be a module calculating the modification ofthe primary environment and the production ofsecondary radiation components through interactionwith the Martian atmosphere and with surfaces.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 18 The software shall be interfaced with existing radiation
shielding and effects simulation tools at the SPENVISweb-site
Essential e & dMEREM
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
10/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 10 of 10 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
2.2 Operational and maintenance requirementsUR ID Description of Requirement Importance ModuleUR 19 The code shall be capable of being operated as part of the
SPENVIS system
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 20 For detailed analysis, requiring long simulation times,scripts shall be able to be downloaded from SPENVIS to alocal machine so the software can be run there.
Essential MEREMframework
UR 21 Where possible, existing SPENVIS modules shall be usede.g. for defining the primary populations.
Essential MEREMframework
UR 22 The code shall be maintained to the end of the study,including the warranty period.
Essential MEREMframework +e & dMEREM
UR 23 The software shall be modular, allowing the separateupdating of modules for:
GUI Primary radiation environment Atmospheric and surface models Radiation simulation engine
Essential MEREMframework +e & dMEREM
UR 24
UR 24.1UR 24.2
Communication between modules shall be via data filesof well-defined formats.
G4 user-Interface (UI) commandsSPENVIS CSV-format
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 25 The interface between modules shall be defined in theInterface Control Document.
Essential MEREMframework + e& dMEREM
UR 26 The software shall be expandable to allow additionalprimary environment models and additional surface oratmospheric models to be introduced.
Desirable e & dMEREM(eMEREM means newdatabase)
UR 27 The software simulation software shall be based on thelatest Geant4 toolkit release (currently version 8.2) or use
physics simulation results from the toolkit.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 28 The simulation models shall operate under Linux OS andg++ compiler recommended for use with the Geant4release.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 29 The software shall be maintained for two years followingdelivery.
Essential e & dMEREM
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
11/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d Page 11 of 11Baseline Requirements Document UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED 02 February 2007
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
2.3 Verification and validation requirementsUR ID Description of Requirement Importance ModuleUR 30 Verification and validation shall take place in accordance
with ECSS-E-40A.
Essential MEREM
Framework + e& dMEREMUR 31 Validation shall include comparison between the rapid
and detailed analysis techniques.Desirable e & dMEREM
UR 32 Validation shall include comparison with results ofanother radiation transport code.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 33 The code shall be accepted after completing anacceptance test that demonstrates the correct operationof key aspects of the code.
Essential e & dMEREM
UR 34 The user shall have visibility of the software source code. Essential e & dMEREM
8/14/2019 WP2100 brd v0.d.pdf
12/12
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N TUNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED
Page 12 of 12 QINETIQ/S&DU/SPACE/URD0601962/0.d02 February 2007 UNCLASSIFIED - UNLIMITED Baseline Requirements Document
O N T R O L LE D D O U M E N T
3 Design constraintsThe MEREM software will be run as part of the SPENVIS suite. This involves constraints on the inputand output of data (UR19) which are expected to follow the standard SPENVIS formats.
Requirements UR2 and UR3 are not expected to be compatible in the light of feasible run times forexisting commonly available computers. Hence it is envisaged that two key applications will performthe computations to fulfil the requirements for radiation environments other than UV:
dMEREM for detailed analysis of individual cases.
eMEREM for rapid assessment of many cases.
It is possible that the user interfaces (idMEREM and ieMEREM) may share common elements (e.g.webpages), and the distinction between the two is used in order to clarify function rather than content.
As a hosted system, SPENVIS is not an appropriate location for running very long simulations and sothe capability to download scripts (UR20) to be run on the local machine is important for detailedanalysis.
The ultraviolet radiation environment shall be a consideration from the literature review andtechnical reporting during the contract. It is understood from discussions between the ESA TechnicalOfficer and LIP staff that this, rather than the development of a specific software application, was theinitial intention of the Statement of Work.
4 Critical functionsThere is a requirement that the software be based on the Geant4 toolkit (UR27) this software isitself is an evolving software toolkit developed by academic research institutes, and not intended tobe used to safety-critical applications. The MEREM system software is therefore not part of a safety-critical system for missions and so there are no specific requirements on reliability of the code arisingfrom critical systems. It is expected that the role of the code in design and planning will be overbefore a mission is launched.
5 Lower Level software engineering standardsThere are no specific requirements regarding computer languages or protocols.
6 System partitioningSubdivision of the software into components as expressed in UR11, UR 14, UR 16 and UR17 requiresthe separate modules for, GUI, primary radiation environment, atmospheric and surface models, andradiation simulation engine (see introduction to section 2).
Because the number of software modules is small, a system configuration items list is not required.