WP CI CiscoIOSCommandShortcuts

7/30/2019 WP CI CiscoIOSCommandShortcuts

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Expert Reerence Series o White Papers

1-800-COURSES www.globalknowledge.com

Cisco IOS CommandShortcuts


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Copyright 2010 Global Knowledge Training LLC. All rights reserved. 2

Cisco IOS Command ShortcutsRaj Tolani, Global Knowledge Instructor

IntroductionOnce you start using the Cisco IOS, you learn there are many commands that can do various things, and manyo these have parameters and even sub-parameters. This could be very cumbersome i you are managing CiscoRouters in real lie (especially or the typing challenged among us). This white paper contains some tips andshortcuts Ive collected over the years that will make your lie a little easier.

Note: The goal in this white paper is not to teach you what the commands do or show. Instead, I am simplyshowing you how the addition o parameters to these commands will make your lie easier. For example, i Ishow you the BGP command to restrict your output and specifcally see certain components we assume you al-ready understand BGP. We will not be covering the output to go into the BGP parameters (or any other protocolused in these examples).

Show running-confgMany o us have been using the Show running-confg command. We know that this will show us what iscurrently running. But i I only wanted to see what was currently running or a specifc interace, then it makessense to see just the part that pertains to that particular interace, rather than the entire running-confg,

which could be multiple pages. Lets see the example.

Here is the output o show running-confg on a simple router

Building conguration...

Current conguration : 728 bytes

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetimemsec

service timestamps log datetimemsec

no service password-encryption

hostname Router

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker


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noaaa new-model

memory-sizeiomem 5

ipcef

ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3

ip admission max-nodata-conns 3

interface FastEthernet0/0ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

ip forward-protocol nd

ip http server

no ip http secure-server

control-plane

line con 0

password cisco

login

line aux 0

no exec

linevty 0 4

password cisco

login

end

But, i I only care about the output o the confguration or interace FastEthernet 0/1, then I would do the ol-lowing instead.

Router#show runint fa 0/1



interface FastEthernet0/1ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

end


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This makes things easy since I can ocus on the output or that specifc interace confguration. Sometimes, Idont care about all pages in the running confguration, I just care about output starting with the line that saysline con 0. Instead o looking at the entire multiple-page running-confg I would rather do the ollowing.

Router#show run | begin line con 0

line con 0

password ciscologin

line aux 0

no exec

linevty 0 4

password cisco

login

end

This is great! I only see the output beginning rom line con 0 in the confguration. But, or some, even this

might be too much inormation. Maybe I only care about the section that pertains to line con 0.To make that happen, I would do the ollowing.

Router#show run | section line con 0

line con 0

password cisco

login

Router#

I like the command with the parameter section at the end because it helps me out with routing protocols too.Let me give you an example o what I mean.

Router#show run | section router eigrp

routereigrp 100

network 1.0.0.0

network 2.0.0.0

auto-summary

Router#

I have seen sections used as shown here in various CCNP classes, but I like using the parameter section, notrouter eigrp, and limiting mysel to seeing the EIGRP parameters like AS # and network commands (thingsunder router confguration mode) but instead use the ollowing..

Router#show run | section eigrp

ip summary-address eigrp 100 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 5

routereigrp 100

network 1.0.0.0


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network 2.0.0.0

auto-summary

Router#

By just putting the word eigrp, I can see other EIGRP -related things confgured. In this example, I add ad-

ditional parameters, like summarization. Other examples could be i you have some EIGRP related SNMP trapsyou have confgured they will also show up.

Include and ExcludeThe other parameter I can use is the include parameter. Using the include parameter, I can restrict the lines toones that include the words ip address. Lets see the output.

Router#show run | include ip address

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0Router#

Another useul parameter is exclude, which, as you might expect, will do the opposite oinclude. This willshow me every line except or the lines that contain the words ip address.

Router#show run | exclude ip address



version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetimemsec

service timestamps log datetimemsecno service password-encryption

hostname Router

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker

noaaa new-model

memory-sizeiomem 5

ipcef

no ip domain lookup

ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3

ip admission max-nodata-conns 3



duplex auto

speed auto


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duplex auto

speed auto

routereigrp 100

network 1.0.0.0

network 2.0.0.0auto-summary

ip forward-protocol nd

ip http server

no ip http secure-server

control-plane

line con 0

password cisco

login

line aux 0

no exec

linevty 0 4

password cisco

login

end

Router#

Oten I hear students say that their IOS might or might not support the little shortcuts we mentioned here, butthat might not be entirely true. Have you ever noticed that when you do the show run command (and youhave not changed the norms), then your system will show you the frst page o output ollowed by More. You

can move through the commands and pages by doing the ollowing.

Spacebartomoveonepageatatime,

EnterKey(carriagereturn)tomoveonelineatatime or

Qtoquitoutoftheoutput.

But, you can also type other parameters to fnd the one you need.

/doestheequivalentofbegin

+doestheequivalentofinclude

-doestheequivalentofexclude

Show ip int brieThe other commonly used command in the Cisco world is show ip int brie. This gives the Layer 1, Layer 2,and Layer 3 inormation without all the other gory details. The problem is: What happens i I have too manyinteraces, or i I just want to look at a specifc interace?


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Router#show ip int brief | inc FastEthernet0/0

FastEthernet0/0 1.1.1.1 YES manual upup

Router#

Or, maybe I am confguring IP addresses on my interaces, but I have been working on too many and, ater along hard day, I cant remember which interaces Im done with and which I have let.

Router#show ip int brief | inc unassigned

FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual upup

Router#

Case SensitivityHave you noticed that I have been very specifc about the case sensitivity o the parameter Im putting in thesecommands? For example, in the word FastEthernet the F and E are uppercase because this is how the systemshows it. In the last example, I was looking or unassigned in all lowercase. What i I dont know i it shouldbe uppercase or lowercase?

Router#show ip int brief | inc UNASSIGNED

Router#

Router#show ip int brief | inc (UNASSIGNED|unassigned)


Router#

As you can see that there was no output when I had the word UNASSIGNED (all uppercase) but when I put inthe OR operation looking or UNASSIGNED OR unassigned it gave me the output I was looking or.

Show ip bgpI you have been using regular expressions, you might already be amiliar with these operations. You can usemore regular expressions currently in the BGP world. For example, instead o doing show command to see thehundreds o thousands o routes, I can maybe do the ollowing.

Show ip bgpregexp _80$

route-server>show ip bgpregexp _80$BGP table version is 84415369, local router ID is 12.0.1.28

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best,i - internal,

r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


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Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

* 3.0.0.0 12.123.29.249 0 70182828 6181 80 i

* 12.123.13.241 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.37.250 0 70183356 6181 80 i

*> 12.123.1.236 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.145.124 0 70182828 6181 80 i

* 12.123.33.249 0 70182828 6181 80 i

* 12.123.142.124 0 70182828 6181 80 i

* 12.123.21.243 0 70182828 6181 80 i

* 12.123.134.124 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.17.244 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.41.250 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.137.124 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.5.240 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.45.252 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.25.245 0 70183356 6181 80 i

* 12.123.139.124 0 70183356 6181 80 i

As you can see, I am keying in on the AS_Path attribute in the output o the show ipbgp command and amable to see ONLY the prefxes that originated in AS 80 indicated by the Number 80 in the extreme right side othe AS_Path attribute.

DO CommandAs you can see, I have been typing the commands like Show running-confg and show ip interace brieat the privilege exec mode (Router#). What i I am in the middle o my confgurations and have made changesto numerous interaces, and then I want to do one o these commands? Well, you can do that without exiting


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out completely by using the DO command. DO command will let you do the things that you were previously notable to do here in these modes. For example:

Router#

Router#show ip int brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status

ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 1.1.1.1 YES manual upup


Router#conf t

Enter conguration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(cong)#interface fa 0/0

Router(cong-if)#show ip int brief

^

% Invalid input detected at ^ marker.

Router(cong-if)#do show ip int brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method StatusProtocol



Router(cong-if)#

So, this works out fne when we put in the word DO beore the command. But, even though DO is letting youperorm these commands here, you have to know the syntax o the command. Help wont work here becauseits not where the command really belongs; likewise, the autocomplete unction using the TAB key is unavailableas well.

AliasesAnother shortcut that can make your lie easier is the creation o aliases. Consider the command show ipinterace brie. Even though we know how to type, that is a lot o typing. And i you start using commands withparametersandsubparameters,itcouldquicklybecometoomuchtypingifyouaredoingiteveryday,allday.

You can create aliases that can be used at dierent modes. I have created two in my example.

1. test which upon typing in Privilege Exec mode will run the show ip int brie command

2. test2 which upon typing in the interace confguration mode will run the show ip int brie command


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O course, in a real environment, I would use something like siib as an alias or show ip int brie instead otest. Let me show you the commands to create the alias and the use o those aliases.

Router#

Router#conf t


Router(cong)#alias exec test show ip int brief

Router(cong)#alias interface test2 do show ip int brief

Router(cong)#

Router(cong)#end

Router#

*Mar 1 01:29:03.835: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Congured from console byconsole

Router#test




Router#conf t


Router(cong)#int fa 0/1

Router(cong-if)#test2




Router(cong-if)#endRouter#show aliases

Exec mode aliases:

h help

lo logout

p ping

r resume

s show

uundebug

unundebug

w where

test show ip int brief

Interface conguration mode aliases:

test2 do show ip int brief

Router#


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DeaultsMany times in your environment you might have interaces that were once used or a Purpose A but now haveto be reassigned to Purpose B. You need to remove the older parameters rom them in order to enter the newinormation.

Yes, you could simply say NO to each parameter and the new confguration variables or this new purpose, butwhat i there were ten or fty things keyed in on the interace? I hope you are not planning on saying NO tofty commands My avorite solution is the use o the deault command. Let me show you an example.

Router#show run interface fa 0/0




description Test Link

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0


speed 10half-duplex

keepalive 5

end

Router#

Now, check this out.

Router#conf t


Router(cong)#default interface fa 0/0


Interface FastEthernet0/0 set to default conguration

Router(cong)#do show run int fa 0/0

Building conguration.



no ip address

duplex auto

speed auto

end

Router(cong)#

As you can see, this interace has been set to a actory deault confguration. You can also use this parameteron switches that support the interace range parameter and set several interaceseven across dierent linecardsto their actory deaults.


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So, now that we know a couple o these tricks/shortcuts, how many o them can we use in the real exam simu-lations? Well, unortunately these will only help you in an exam where you have access to real routers whichat the moment is just the CCIE lab exam. The associate and proessional level exams are simulations, not realrouters. In the simulations you can only do what it was programmed to do.

In these exams you can abbreviate the commands, meaning you can type shoipint brie rather than spell outthe words in the commands. You can also press the TAB key to autocomplete, and you can type ? in the com-mands to see what parameters are allowed. But the last I checked using an alias is not an allowed option, nor isthe DO command.

SummaryI hope these little tricks and tips help you manage your environment. For more inormation on technologies cov-ered in this white paper and to understand the outputs used in these scenarios, consider taking the CCNP trackthroughGlobalKnowledge.

Learn MoreLearn more about how you can improve productivity, enhance efciency, and sharpen your competitive edge.CheckoutthefollowingGlobalKnowledgecourse(s):

Route Implementing Cisco IP Routing v1.0

Switch Implementing Cisco IP Switched Networks v1.0

CCNA-TS Troubleshooting Cisco Internetworks or Network Associates

For more inormation or to register, visit www.globalknowledge.com or call 1-800-COURSES to speak with asales representative.

Our courses and enhanced, hands-on labs and exercises oer practical skills and tips that you can immediatelyput to use. Our expert instructors draw upon their experiences to help you understand key concepts and how toapply them to your specifc work situation. Choose rom our more than 1,200 courses, delivered through Class-rooms, e-Learning, and On-site sessions, to meet your IT and business training needs.

About the AuthorDheeraj(Raj)TolanihasbeenworkingwithGlobalKnowledgeasacontractinstructorteachingvariousnetwork-ing courses including CCNA, CCDA, CCNP, CCDP, CCIP, CCVP tracks. He has been in the industry or over 17 yearsworking with various technologies and multiple vendors including Cisco, Banyan Vines, Microsot, Comptia and

Novell. Dheeraj has worked as a consultant or various medical, fnancial, legal, government, and publishingcompanies. He runs a consulting company based out o New York City, which provides IP integration solutions.You can visit his web site at www.rajtolani.com

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