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WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

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Page 1: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

WP 4: Climate Change

and Ocean Acidification

1st Annual MeetingParis, 9-11 May 2011MACROES

Page 2: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

WP4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

WP4 main objectives:

--- Use the MACROES modelling framework to study the effects of anthropogenic emissions (greenhouse gases, aerosols) through climate change and ocean acidification on the marine ecosystems (incl. fish ressources)

--- A particular emphasis will be given to the identification and characterization of the feedbacks between the different (natural) systems considered here (climate, biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems)

WP4 structure:

--- 4.1 Impact of CC and OA on marine ecosystems: end-to-end--- 4.2 Retroactions in the coupled system

- Top-down control from higher to lower trophic levels- Biophysical coupling through heat trapping and bio-induced turbulence

--- 4.3 Impact of CC and OA on marine ecosystems: biodiversity

Page 3: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

WP4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

Les simulations CMIP5 pour l’IPCC

Le système de Modélisation Système Terre de l’IPSL

Quelques résultats avec IPSL-CM5

Page 4: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

CMIP5 Simulations: Long-term simulations (~100 simulations)

Simulations CMIP5 pour l’IPCC

Page 5: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

CMIP5 Simulations: Long-term simulations (~100 simulations)

Simulations CMIP5 pour l’IPCC

Page 6: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

CMIP5 Simulations: Long-term simulations (~100 simulations)

Simulations CMIP5 pour l’IPCC

Page 7: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Nouveaux scénarios pour IPCC-AR5

(RCP = Representative Concentration Pathways)

Simulations réalisées cet été à l’IPSL

simulations longues RCP (1860-2100) (simulations décennales (1970-2030)

: à discuter)

Simulations CMIP5 pour l’IPCC

Page 8: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

IPSL Earth System Model

NEMO-PISCES dans le modèle Système Terre de l’IPSL

Page 9: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

IPSL Earth System Model : Standard Version

NEMO-PISCES dans le modèle Système Terre de l’IPSL

Page 10: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

IPSL Earth System Model : Resolution? Atmospheric Physics?

NEMO-PISCES dans le modèle Système Terre de l’IPSL

IPSL-CM5A IPSL-CM5B

Page 11: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

- PISCES coupled to IPSL Climate Model

- Resolution: 2°x2°cos(

Simulations from 1860 to 2100 forced only by GHGs & aerosols

- Fluvial inputs / Dust deposition remain constant

NEMO-PISCES dans le modèle Système Terre de l’IPSL

Page 12: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on surface chlorophyll

250

450

650

850

6.0

3.0

0.0

RCP8.5RCP6.0RCP4.5RCP2.6Historical

T (°C)

Chl de surface (mgChl/m3)

0.15

0.17

0.19

Premiers Résultats avec CM5

CO2, T et chlorophylle de surface

Page 13: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change Impact on surface chlorophyll : gyre extension

Premiers Résultats avec CM5

Page 14: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on marine productivity

(Steinacher et al. 2009)

IPSL

CCSM-1 CCSM-4

MPIM

Changes in NPP in 2100 (SRES-A2)

Comparaison avec d’autres modèles couplés

Page 15: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES
Page 16: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Acidification : Impact du CO2aq sur les rapports C/N de la Matière Organique

- NEMO-PISCES- pCO2 from RCP8.5- C/N = f(pCO2)- Circulation unchanged

Tagliabue et al. GBC accepted

Page 17: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Acidification : Impact du CO2aq sur les rapports C/N de la Matière Organique

- NEMO-PISCES- pCO2 from RCP8.5- Circulation unchanged

Tagliabue et al. GBC accepted

Page 18: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES
Page 19: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on marine productivity

- Evaluation of simulated Chl / NPP (Schneider et al. 2009)

(modelled PP vs SeaWifs PP)

Changement climatique et productivité marine

Page 20: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on marine productivity

IPSL-PISCES Changes in NPP in 2100 (Scenario SRES-A2)NPP in 2000

Changement climatique et productivité marine

Page 21: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on marine productivity : mechanisms

Sarmiento et al. 1998, Bopp et al. 2001, Doney et al. 2006

Changement climatique et productivité marine

Page 22: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Climate Change impact on marine productivity : mechanisms

Sarmiento et al. 1998, Bopp et al. 2001, Doney et al. 2006

Changement climatique et productivité marine

Page 23: WP 4: Climate Change and Ocean Acidification 1st Annual Meeting Paris, 9-11 May 2011 MACROES

Etapes / Stratégie pour le WP4 End-to-End

Etape 1M12 : Simulations “offline” sur 1860-2100 (RCP8.5)

IPSL-CM PISCES-APECOSM M18 : Analyse de l’impact du CC (et OA) sur les écosystèmes

Etape 2M24: Mise en place de PISCES-APECOSM dans IPSL-CM Simulations “Online” 2000-2100 avec PISCES et PISCES/APECOSMM24 : Importance du top-down control dans un contexte de CC

Etape 3M42: Simulations “offline” sur 2000-2100 (biodiversité)

IPSL-CM PISCES-APECOSM-DEB/Biodiv (?)M48: Analyse de ces simulations