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Wound Management
BN Year 1Semester 2, 2014
Hongyan Lu
Session Content
• Wound classification
• Factors affecting wound healing
• Basic wound assessment
• Wound care products
Classification of wound
Can be base on:
• Mechanism of injury
• Time that takes for a wound to heal
Mechanism of Injury
• Intentional wound - surgery for diagnosis, cure, exploration, e.g. incision - Treatment – intravenous cannula, epidural insertion, e.g. puncture
• Unintentional wound- accidents – road accident, sports, victim of crimes, etc. - poor care – skin tear, pressure areas/sores- allergies – blisters- Treatment complications – skin damages due to radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Time taken for wound healing
• Acute wound - wounds that heal by first intention
• Chronic wound - wounds that heal by secondary intention and tertiary intention
Factors affecting wound healing• Patient factors – age, nutritional status, past medical conditions,
current health concerns, knowledge and self-care ability, screening for possible infectious status – multidrug-resistant organisms
• Health professionals: standard precautions such as hand hygiene,
use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), wound care knowledge, assessment and skills, communication, monitoring effectiveness of treatment
• • Environment – isolation protocols, environment cleaning such as
linen management, blood and body fluid spill management, sharps
Wound assessment
• Location• Physical examination - any dressing in situ - size/depth: any skin and tissue loss - discharge/exudate/drainage – colour, amount, odour - colour of the wound tissue - presence of stitches and staples and any other foreign body - surrounding skin • Most importantly, what does the patient feel about the
wound?
Wound care products
• Cleaning agents – 0.9% NaCl (normal saline); tap water• Change of dressing (COD) - what do dressings do for a wound? - if there is a need for changing dressings - Dressing types 1) occlusive and adhesive dressing products: e.g. transparent dressings 2) non-adhesive absorbent dressing 3) microfoam 4) fixation: tape, tubigrib, etc
References:
•Crisp, J., & Taylor, C. (2013). Potter and Perry’s fundamentals of Nursing (4th ed.). Chatswood, NSW, Australian: Elsevier.
•Dempsey, J., Hillege, S., & Hill, R. (2014). Fundamentals of nursing and midwifery: A person-centred approach to care (2nd ed.) (Australian and New Zealand edition). Sydney, NSW, Australia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Pty Ltd.
•Fernandez, R., Griffiths, R., & Ussia, C. (2006). Water for wound cleansing. Journal of Athletic Training, 41(2), 196–197. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1472650/
•Mölnlycke Health Care. (n.d.) Wound care dressings. Retrieved from http://www.molnlycke.com/wound-care-dressings/#confirm
•Smith&Nephew New Zealand. (n.d.). Product types. Retrieved from : http://www.smith-nephew.com/new-zealand/healthcare/products/product-types/
•Waitemata District Health Board. (n.d.). Wound assessment chart.