Worldview

• A particular philosophy of life or conception of the world.

• Composed of ideas about the way the world is and should be.

Questions of Ultimate Meaning

• What is real? • How did we get

here?• Who are we?• Where are we

going?• How should we live?

The Thinker by Auguste Rodin

First Steps in Reasoning

• Argument - a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong.

Arguments don’t have to look like this!

Deductive Reasoning

• From the general to the specific.

• If there are no chance factors in a game, it involves pure skill.

• There are no chance factors in chess.

• Therefore, chess is a game of pure skill

Inductive Reasoning

• From the specific to the general:• Women’s right to vote was won only after a

struggle.• Women’s rights to attend colleges and

universities were won only after a struggle.• Women’s rights to equal employment

opportunity are being won only after a struggle.

• Therefore, all women’s rights are won only after a struggle.

Epistemology

• The branch of philosophy that deals with the study of knowledge.

Three Kinds of Knowledge

• Propositional - knowing about facts.

• Skill - knowing how to do something.

• Direct - knowing by acquaintance or experience.

Taken from Philosophy Made Slightly Less Difficult

What is Knowledge?

• K = JTB

• Justified - adequate reason for believing that something is the case.

• True - an idea that corresponds to the way the world actually is.

• Belief - an accepting mental attitude toward an idea.

Taken from Philosophy Made Slightly Less Difficult

Thank You