World War One

What are the results of the war?

American Expeditionary Force

• Led by John J. Pershing• 2 million soldiers sent to fight• Used “convoy” system to win– What is a convoy?

• First troops arrived June 1917• Had a parade in Paris

A change of pace. . .• Russia came under new government and Vladimir Lenin

took control• Communism – economic and political system based on the

idea that social classes and the right to private property should be eliminated

• Based on the ideas of German Karl Marx• March 1918 – Russia pulls out of the war and signs

agreement with Germany• Gave Germany strength in the war and hurt the Allies• Germany ran out of supplies and men – wanted an

armistice based on Wilson’s Fourteen Points

End of War

• Called an armistice– Armistice Day

• November 11, 1918 - 11:00 a.m.– “11th month, 11th day, 11th hour . . .

NOW CALLED

14 points

• President Woodrow Wilson • Get rid of secret international agreements• Freedom of the seas• Freedom of trade• Reduce world’s military forces• Set-up an international peace keeping

association

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The Big Four• These guys met to discuss the 14 points

• United States– President Wilson

• France– Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau

• Britain– Prime Minister David Lloyd George

• Italy– Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando

– The others did NOT agree with Wilson’s peaceful plan

Treaty of Versailles• Germans were responsible for the war– Forced to claim responsibility

• Limits on German military– Made them downsize their numbers

• Reparation payments – Money that a defeated nation must pay for causing destruction

in war• Germany loses land• Create international peace keeping organization called the

League of Nations

Major Territory Changes• Austria-Hungary collapses– Austria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia

• Yugoslavia created– Serbia & Balkan people

• Poland declares independence• Allies split up Germany’s African colonies• Ottoman Empire gone– Turkey created

• Formation of the Soviet Union

Conclusion• The U.S. NEVER ratifies the Treaty of Versailles• The U.S. NEVER joins the League of Nations

• Return to isolationism• Lower involvement in world trade