World War II

December 2, 2013

World War II begins in Europe

• World War II started in _____ when __________ invaded Poland

• Adolf Hitler was trying to unite all countries with Germans living in them under his Nazi government

• There were ___ groups fighting each other during the war– The ______ Powers were Germany, Italy, and Japan– The _______ Powers were Great Britain, France, and

the Soviet Union

The U.S. in WWII

• Just like with WWI, the U.S. remained _________ at the start of World War II

• However, President Franklin Roosevelt wanted to help our ally, _______________

• There were laws, however, stating that the U.S. could not sell any weapons to any warring nations

• In 1939, Roosevelt asked for and received a new law that allowed Allied Powers to _____ weapons if they paid ______ and carried them on their own ships

Lend-Lease

• In 1941, the British ran out of cash to buy American supplies.

• In response, the U.S. began _________ or ___________ weapons to them

• Also in 1941, Roosevelt gave lend-lease aid to the ________________

American-Japanese Relations

• To protest ____________ expansion in the Pacific Ocean, Roosevelt stopped exporting _________ supplies, including fuel, to Japan

• Roosevelt also seized all _________ owned by Japanese in the U.S.

• In retaliation, Japan decided to ______ at the U.S. Navy stationed at __________________________

Pearl Harbor

• Around 8 am, on ________________, sailors stationed at Pearl Harbor began hearing machine gun fire and low-level bombing

• ___________ war planes were flying in, dropping bombs, and flying out again

• The attack lasted _____ than 2 hours, but the damage was incredible to the U.S Navy’s Pacific fleet

Damage at Pearl Harbor

• There were 8 _____________ in port at the time, and all were destroyed or severely damaged

• More than 180 ________ were destroyed• Over 2000 people were _______ and over 1000

were wounded• Almost half of the U.S. casualties were on board

the _____________, which sank with most of the crew on board

• Today, a national __________ is in place over the site of the Arizona’s sinking

The U.S. enters World War II

• On December 8, 1941, the U.S. declared war on ______

• A few days later, __________________ declared war on the U.S.

• The U.S. joined the ________________• This meant they had to fight on ____ fronts

– They faced Germany and Italy in ________________– They faced Japan in the _________

World War II ends the Great Depression

• In order to fight a war, weapons and other supplies are needed

• When the U.S. began _____________ heavily in 1941 for defense, new plants and ___________ were opened

• _____ were created, helping many who were still unemployed find a job

• Others joined the ___________• This allowed for ____________ recovery and

unemployment numbers to go down and the economy _____________

Georgia in WWII

• Georgia played a ______ role in WWII• Not only did Georgia have _________

bases that played a part, but new ___________ were opened in Georgia to build military supplies

• Georgia also had respected _________, both in state government as well as federal government

Bell Aircraft

• When the federal government decided to build more _______ bomber airplanes, new plants were needed

• One of these was built in ___________• When the plant first opened, only 1200 people

were employed• By 1945, _________ employees built 60-65

planes a month• The plant closed after the war, but was reopened

in 1950 by the Lockheed Martin Corporation and is still open today

Military Bases in Georgia

• Major military bases in Georgia played a role in WWII

• Fort __________ trained new infantry soldiers• Fort ____________ received new draftees from

all over the country• Airmen from _____________________, on the

coast, patrolled for German submarines• A military ___________ operated in Atlanta, Fort

__________ was used for storage, and _____________ of war were held at Fort Benning, as well as others around the state

Savannah and Brunswick Shipyards

• ________ ships, called “Liberty ships” for WWII were built at the shipyards at _________________________, on the Georgia coast

• The first was launched in 1942 – the U.S.S. James Oglethorpe

• All together, both shipyards had produced 187 ships by the end of the war

Richard B. Russell

• Russell became Georgia’s __________ in 1931• He tried to run the state as a successful

___________, which helped ease some of the problems brought on by the _____________

• In 1932, he was elected to the _______________, where he supported strong ______________________ during WWII

• He went on to become an advisor to 6 future ________________

Carl Vinson

• Carl Vinson served 25 consecutive terms in the ___________________________ from 1914 to 1965

• Vinson represented Georgia’s interest in the _________ during WWI and WWII

• He helped promote a strong national _________, both during WWII and after

• He retired to his farm in Milledgeville in 1965

The Holocaust

• Meanwhile, in Europe, Hitler believed that the German people were __________ to everyone else– He wanted to destroy others who he believed to be __________

• He particularly hated people of the __________ race– In 1942, Hitler ordered the _______________ of Europe’s entire

population of Jews• Jews were captured and put into ______________

camps, like Auschwitz and Dachau• The ____________ is the mass murder of millions of

Jews and other people by the Nazis during WWII

Georgia Remembers the Holocaust

• In 1986, the __________________________________ was established

• The Commission tries to foster ___________, good _____________, and character development in young Georgians

• It hopes to lead a new generation beyond _________

Franklin Roosevelt’s Connection to Georgia

• Roosevelt suffered from ________, which is a disease that damages the nervous system and can cause paralysis

• In 1924, Roosevelt began visiting _______________, GA as treatment for his polio

• When he became president, his Warm Springs house became known as the ____________________

• On ___________________, Roosevelt died while at the Little White House after suffering a _________

The End of WWII

• Roosevelt’s vice-president, _______________, became president after Roosevelt’s death

• He guided the U.S. through the end of the war in Europe, with the death of Hitler and _____________ surrender in _____________

• He also made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on ________, ending the war in the Pacific in ____________________.

Questions…• 1) Who were the 2 sides in WWII?• 2) Who were Axis Powers in WWII?• 3) Who were Allied Powers in WWII?• 4) How was the U.S. helping the Allied Powers before entering the

war?• 5) Describe the Lend-Lease program.• 6) Why did the Japanese decide to attack Pearl Harbor?• 7) When was the attack at Pearl Harbor?• 8) Describe the damage after the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor.• 9) Which side did the U.S. fight on in WWII?• 10) How did WWII end the Great Depression?• 11) What type of plant was built in Marietta and what specifically did

it build?

More Questions…• 12) How were different military bases used in Georgia? Be specific!• 13) What was built at the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards during

WWII?• 14) How did Richard Russell ease the Depression while he was

governor?• 15) What did Russell support while he was in the U.S. Senate?• 16) What interest did Carl Vinson represent for Georgia during the

WWI and WWII?• 17) What is the Holocaust?• 18) How does Georgia remember the Holocaust?• 19) Where did Roosevelt go in Georgia to ease his polio symptoms?

Questions…• 1) Who were the 2 sides in WWII?• 2) Who were Axis Powers in WWII?• 3) Who were Allied Powers in WWII?• 4) How was the U.S. helping the Allied Powers before entering the

war?• 5) Describe the Lend-Lease program.• 6) Why did the Japanese decide to attack Pearl Harbor?• 7) When was the attack at Pearl Harbor?• 8) Describe the damage after the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor.• 9) Which side did the U.S. fight on in WWII?• 10) How did WWII end the Great Depression?• 11) What type of plant was built in Marietta and what specifically did

it build?

More Questions…• 12) How were different military bases used in Georgia? Be specific!• 13) What was built at the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards during

WWII?• 14) How did Richard Russell ease the Depression while he was

governor?• 15) What did Russell support while he was in the U.S. Senate?• 16) What interest did Carl Vinson represent for Georgia during the

WWI and WWII?• 17) What is the Holocaust?• 18) How does Georgia remember the Holocaust?• 19) Where did Roosevelt go in Georgia to ease his polio symptoms?

Questions…• 1) Who were the 2 sides in WWII?• 2) Who were Axis Powers in WWII?• 3) Who were Allied Powers in WWII?• 4) How was the U.S. helping the Allied Powers before entering the

war?• 5) Describe the Lend-Lease program.• 6) Why did the Japanese decide to attack Pearl Harbor?• 7) When was the attack at Pearl Harbor?• 8) Describe the damage after the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor.• 9) Which side did the U.S. fight on in WWII?• 10) How did WWII end the Great Depression?• 11) What type of plant was built in Marietta and what specifically did

it build?

More Questions…• 12) How were different military bases used in Georgia? Be specific!• 13) What was built at the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards during

WWII?• 14) How did Richard Russell ease the Depression while he was

governor?• 15) What did Russell support while he was in the U.S. Senate?• 16) What interest did Carl Vinson represent for Georgia during the

WWI and WWII?• 17) What is the Holocaust?• 18) How does Georgia remember the Holocaust?• 19) Where did Roosevelt go in Georgia to ease his polio symptoms?