World War II

WWII “Players”

VS.

Hitler

• Nazism- German government under Hitler

• Chancellor of Germany in 1933

• Totalitarian- Government that controls all aspects of life

Hitler Cont…

• Broke the Treaty of Versailles

Benito Mussolini

• Italian leader in WWII• Government called

FASCISM- A government in which people give up their rights for their country

Emperor Hirohito

• Ruled Japan from 1929-1986

• Government by military rule

• Military Code (Bushido) “NO SURRENDER”

Joseph Stalin

• Soviet Union Dictator (USSR)

• Communism-Government that controls all economic activity of a nation

• Soviet-Nazi Pact- Agreement by Germany & USSR to not invade each other

Winston Churchill

• Prime Minister of England in WWII

• Democracy- Government run by the people

German Imperialism

The Battle of Britain

FDR Cartoon

• The two events in the cartoon are WWII and the New Deal

• WWII ended the Great Depression

• The U.S. policy at the start of WWII was neutrality

• The United States entered WWII after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor

Dr. Seuss

• Birds- Represent the U.S. and Nazi Germany

Trees- Represent countries in Europe taken by the Nazi’s

• Germany Conquered Greece, Norway, and France

• The Allies and the Axis powers fought in WWII• Germany broke the Versailles treaty by re-

arming the country and taking lands.

Japan

US Steps into WWII

The U.S. Steps to WWII1. Neutrality Acts- Prohibited sale of goods

& travel of U.S. citizens to aggressor nations (1936-1939)

2. “Cash and Carry” Nations fighting aggression must buy goods from America’s shores

3. Lend-Lease Act- $50 billion in war goods were sent to allied nations

Aircraft.............................14,795 Tanks.................................7,056 Jeeps................................51,503 Guns..................................8,218 Machine guns........................ 131,633 Explosives..........................345,735 tonsCotton..........................106,893,000 tons Leather..............................49,860 tons Tires.............................3,786,000 Army boots.......................15,417,000 pairs

4. The U.S. gov’t establishes a peacetime draft, preparing for war

5. Atlantic Charter- FDR and Churchill post-war discussion (United Nations)

6. Pearl Harbor Attack Dec. 7, 1941 Brings the U.S. into WWII

“A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY”

WWII Events 1939-1944

• France Surrenders• The Battle of Midway• German Forces

invade Russia• Battle for the Atlantic• Pearl Harbor• German troops reach

Stalingrad

• Battle of Britain• Operation Torch• Allies land in Italy• Germans surrender at

Stalingrad• D-Day• Lend-Lease approved

GERMAN CAMPS

1. Concentration Camps killing over 6 million jews

2. Most concentration camps located in Poland

3. Dachau (labor camp) and Auschwitz (death camp)

4. Dr. Mengele was Hitler’s “Angel of Death”

5. Holocaust- Systematic killings of Jews and other “inferior” people.

Soviet Camps

1. Labor camps for Stalin’s political enemies

2. Camps located in Siberia

3. Purges- Stalin’s plan that starved between 9-10 million people

American Camps

1. Internment Camps- Holding camps for Japanese-Americans during WWII

2. Japanese seen as a threat and as possible spies

3. Camps located in the West

4. 1942-1945

WWII Events 1939-1944

• France Surrenders• The Battle of Midway• German Forces

invade Russia• Battle for the Atlantic• Pearl Harbor• German troops reach

Stalingrad

• Battle of Britain• Operation Torch• Allies land in Italy• Germans surrender at

Stalingrad• D-Day• Lend-Lease approved

1933-1945

The Homefront

Japanese-Americans

Internment Camps-

African Americans• Segregation in the

military

• Over 1 million migrated North for jobs

• Tuskegee Airman- 1,000 black fighter pilots in Europe

March 29, 2007 (congressional medal of honor)

Women• Rosie the Riveter• Victory Gardens-

Home grown foods (canning foods)

• 20 million join the workforce

The Government

• War Bond Drives raised 100 billion

• War Productions Board- Gov’t control of businesses & labor

• Rationing- set limits on goods people could buy

Government cont…

• Scrap Drives-

• Blackouts-

• 30,000 razors = 50 machine guns

• 30 lipstick tubes = 20 ammo cartridges

• 2,300 nylons = 1 parachute

• 1 lb. fat = gunpowder

• 190,000 tons of steel = 5,000 tanks

The Economy

• The Depression ends

• Unemployment falls to 2%

• Wages rise and prices remain stable

WWI or WWII?

• 14 points• Hirohito• Central Powers• Trenches• Zimmerman Telegram• USS Arizona• Axis Powers• “cash & carry”• Western Front

• Treaty of Versailles • FDR• Nazis• Fascism• Kaiser Wilhelm• Bolshevik Revolution• Mussolini• Lusitania• Stalin

WWI or WWII?

• Hitler• Holocaust• Woodrow Wilson• Allies• European & Pacific

Theatre• Lend-Lease Act• Neutrality• Franz Ferdinand• Pearl Harbor

• Dictators• Atlantic Charter• Great War• Imperialism• Totalitarian• Blitzkrieg• League of Nations• Appeasement• Concentration Camps

V-E• Goal: liberate countries under

Nazi control• Dwight D. Eisenhower (Ike)

Supreme Commander of all Allied forces

• D-Day Allied invasion in France (operation overlord)

• Battle of the Bulge was Hitler’s last attempt at victory

• V-E VICTORY IN EUROPE May 8, 1945

• Yalta Conference- Meeting between the” BIG 3” (U.S., Britain, Soviet Union)

Berlin, Germany 1945

V-J

• Allied goal: stop Japanese Imperialism

• Allied use Island Hopping & Leap Frogging -from island to island

• Battle of Midway- Pacific Turing Point

• Douglas MacArthur- Allied commander in the Pacific

• Japanese use Kamikaze (suicide) pilots to sink Allied ships

V-J Continued…

• Manhattan Project- Secret building of the Atomic Bomb

• Aug. 6, 1945- Atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Aug. 9, 1945- Nagasaki

• V-J (Victory over Japan) Day August 1945

Japanese surrender (USS Missouri)

WWII Effects

1. The Atomic Age begins

2. Marshall Plan- 13 billion dollars in aid to help rebuild Europe

3. 62 million people died & millions displaced

4. Germany was split into East & West sections

5. The Soviet Union takes control of Eastern Europe (Communist Bloc)

6. Nuremberg Trials- 13 Nazi trials for war crimes after WWII

7. The United Nations is established to deal with world affairs (NYC)

8. GI Bill of Rights- Gave loans to GI’s to buy homes & go to college (builds a strong economy)

9. Baby Boom- 7-10 million babies born after WWII

10.The Cold War A 45 year state of tension Capitalism vs. Communism

(U.S.A. vs. USSR)

What’s in my 70 lb. pack?• 4 pieces of chewing

gum• 2 bouillon cubes• 2 Nescafe instant

coffees • 2 sugar cubes and

creamers• 4 Hershey bars• 1 pack of Charms

candy• 1 package pipe

tobacco• 1 bottle of water

purification system

• M-1 Garand Rifle with 8-round clip

• cartridge belt with canteen

• Hand grenades• Parachute• pocket compass• machete• .45 caliber Colt

automatic rifleflares• message book