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World War I
1914-1918
http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/ww1/photoessay.htm
The Schlieffen Plan
This plan was intended to
defeat France on the Western
quickly so they could get to the
Eastern Front before the
Russians could fully mobilize.
The Schlieffen Plan
http://brokenworld.wikispaces.com/13.2+War+in+Europe
Alliance System Alliance- an agreement between two
or more countries.
Before WWI begins several
countries begin forming alliances
with one another.
Alliance System
Triple Alliance- Germany,
Austria- Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente- France, Great
Britain, Russia
Alliance System
Central Powers-Germany,
Austria- Hungary, (Italy),
Ottoman Empire
Allies-France, Great Britain,
Russia, (Italy), United States
http://www.annefrank.org/en/Subsites/Timeline/World-War-One-1914-1918/Theme-1/1914/MAP---World-War-One-is-a-conflict-between-the-Central-Powers-and-the-Allies/#!/en/Subsites/Timeline/World-War-One-1914-1918/Theme-1/1914/MAP---World-War-One-is-a-conflict-between-the-Central-Powers-and-the-Allies/
A New Kind of Warfare
Early on, the French army was not
prepared to fight against the German
army.
The French were fighting in a traditional
18th and 19th method.
A New Kind of Warfare
The German army was equipped with
the newest technology in warfare: The
Machine Gun.
A German machine gun had 50 to 100
times the firepower of one French rifle.
The French had nearly 15,000 deaths a
day.
http://boivieapedia.pbworks.com/w/page/8081157/World%20War%201
WWI German Machine Gun
German U-Boat
http://www.sjsapush.com/ch23.php
Birth of Modern Warfare
Technology
http://incredibleimages4u.blogspot.com/2011/04/tanks-used-for-first-time.html
The Germans began a program of
“unrestricted submarine warfare” sinking
any ship they could with their u-boats
The tank invented in 1915, was used to
level areas in “no man’s land” and to enter
enemy trenches.
Poison gas- invented in Germany and first
used in WWI.
Chlorine gas would destroy the lungs of
soldiers.
The use of the gas masks would make
poison gas less effective.
Birth of Modern Warfare
Technology
The tank invented in 1915, was used to
level areas in “no man’s land” and to enter
enemy trenches.
Poison gas- invented in Germany and first
used in WWI.
Chlorine gas would destroy the lungs of
soldiers.
The use of the gas masks would make
poison gas less effective.
Birth of Modern Warfare
Technology
Flamethrowers--The results were
horrifying. Carried by specially trained
assault teams, German flamethrowers were
highly effective weapons that would either
drive men from their defensive positions
… or simply incinerate them.
Birth of Modern Warfare
Technology
Planes would get in air battles known as
“dogfights.”
They would also harass the trenches by
throwing bricks and other heavy things.
Airplanes were later mounted with
machine guns.
http://hushkit.wordpress.com/2012/04/29/painting-the-sky-in-blood-2/
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/oGrgsfdBDZM-fXsT_zPkkQI
The Red Baron
The United States Prior to WWI
The United States had a strong
tradition of isolationism.
When the war broke out America
began leaning towards the allies
because of the harsh war tactics of
Germany.
German U-Boat
http://www.sjsapush.com/ch23.php
US Entry into WWI
In February of 1917, Germany reassumed
unrestricted submarine warfare forcing the US
to cutoff diplomatic relations.
--On 7 May 1915, German u-boats sank the liner RMS Lusitania.
--The sinking claimed 1,198 lives, 128 of them American civilians, and the attack of this unarmed civilian ship deeply shocked the Allies.
-- The sinking of the Lusitania was widely used as propaganda against the German Empire and caused greater support for the war effort
The Lusitania
http://www.sjsapush.com/ch23.php
The Lusitania
http://www.sjsapush.com/ch23.php
US Entry into WWI
The Zimmerman Note would become
another sticking point for the US to go to War.
The Zimmerman note was a proposal by
Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico to declare war
on the US.
Mexico was to reacquire its old provinces of
Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
It was intercepted by the British and
published in American newspapers.
US Entry into WWI
http://rutlandhs.k12.vt.us/jpeterso/uboatcar.htm
US Entry into WWI
The Zimmerman Note and unrestricted
submarine warfare, along with the
uncertainty of Russia remaining in the
war, pressured Wilson to ask for a
Declaration of War on April 2, 1917.
The United States joined the Allied
Forces on April 6, 1917.
The War Comes to an End
In 1918, The Germans began to suffer
crippling defeats in France.
The war had crippled the German
economy and people began to suffer
from starvation.
These same problems began to happen
throughout the Central Powers and
armies began to surrender.
The War Comes to an End
On November 7, 1918, peace
negotiations began between both sides.
On November 11, 1918, the armistice
was signed and the war was over.
“Peace Without Victory”
Before the war had ended Woodrow
Wilson wanted a “just and lasting
peace” so that the Great War would
never happen again.
In January 1918, he gave his famous
Fourteen Points speech, which
outlined his plan for peace.
Wilson’s Fourteen Points In the fourteenth point, Wilson called for the
establishment of a League of Nations.
Paris Peace Conference
The Paris Peace conference began on
January 12, 1919.
It had leaders from 32 countries including
the Big Four.
The Big Four consisted of President
Woodrow Wilson, British Prime
Minister David Lloyd George, French
Premier Georges Clemenceau, and
Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando.
Paris Peace Conference
Eventually the Allied Powers reached an
agreement and presented their peace treaty to
Germany in May 1919.
The Treaty of Versailles (1919)
The Treaty of Versailles called for Germany
to accept sole responsibility for the war.
It also called for Germany to pay massive
reparations for damages caused during the
war and it limited the size of the German
army.
It called for the establishment of a League of
Nations.
It called for the Central Powers to give all of
their colonies to the Allies.
The Fight over the Treaty
The United States would not join the newly
created League of Nations.
The United States also signed a separate
peace treaties with Germany after the
Treaty of Versailles was rejected.
The Impact of WWIAt the end of WWI, nearly 14 million
people had lost their lives.
7 million people were permanently
disabled.
It was the most expensive war in
world history to that point in time
($280 Billion).
Impact in Europe- Countries had nearly
lost entire generations of men. France was
in ruins, Great Britain's debt to the US was
great, and the reparations imposed on
Germany crippled their economy. It left to
many issues unresolved in Europe. It would
not be the “war to end all wars. ”
The Impact of WWI
