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World Population
World Population Distribution 2000World Population Distribution 2000
GangesYangtze R.
Yellow R
.
Taklimakan Desert &
Kunlun Mts.
SAHARA DESERT
SIBERIA
The OUTBACK
NILE
JAPA
N
Population Growth• 7 billion people live on 17% of
the planet’s land
Population Growth• Population should reach 7.8 billion by 2025.
Population Growth• Population is so high because birthrates
have not declined as fast as death rates.
Birth Rate• Number of births per year for every
1,000 people
1000
People
per
Birth Rate• In some areas (ex. Asia,
Africa, Latin America) the birthrate is high b/c of cultural beliefs about marriage, family, and the value of children.
World Fertility Rate
Death Rate• Number of deaths per year for every
1,000 people
1000
People
per
World Death Rate
Why have death rates gone down?
• Improved health care
• Abundance of food
• Better living conditions
• Cultural attitudes
Natural Increase• The difference between an
area’s birthrate and death rate
• This does not include immigration or emigration
minus= Natural
Increase
Challenges with population growth
• Doubling time: the amount of years it takes a population to double in size
• Challenges:
– Difficulty producing enough food to feed them
– Use up resources more quickly
– Population unevenly distributed by age
Where do Where do the people live?the people live?
Population DensityNumber of peoplePopulation Distribution
oUrban oRural
Who are the people?Who are the people?Demographics oAge oRace oGender
Defining the PopulationDefining the Population
Shirkers Workers Shirkersbirth 18 60 death
World Population Growth Rate
The History of Human Population Growth &
Distribution 1 AD – 2030
The 8 Frames shown:•1 AD•1800•when the population reached the first billion•the years the population reached each successive billion •2030 - the year that 8.2 billion people are expected to inhabit the Earth if current growth rates continue
Population Pyramids
Composition or StructureComposition or Structure
• The Composition or Structure of a population is determined by its makeup in terms of demographics –Age–Gender–Education–Marital Status–etc.
Age-Gender PyramidAge-Gender Pyramid• This type of pyramid displays the % of each age
group in the total population (normally done in 5 year groups) by a horizontal bar whose length represents its share of the population.– It instantly conveys the demographic situation of a
country
– In LDCs, pyramids actually look like a pyramid.– In MDCs, pyramids look more like a rectangle with a
slight bulge in the middle (reflecting the aging of the population…which creates problems of its own…)
U.S. - 2000U.S. - 2000
U.S. - 2025U.S. - 2025
U.S. - 2050U.S. - 2050
• When the annual death rate exceeds the annual birth rate
• Hungary and Germany
• Economics may be difficult to find enough workers to keep the economy going
Negative Population Growth
Population Distribution• is the pattern of human settlement
• People live on 30% of land b/c much of the earth’s land is inhospitable
• Most people live where there is fertile soil, available water, & a climate w/o harsh extremes
• Asia alone has 60% of the earth’s people
Population DensityPopulation Density• The average number of people living on
a square mile of land• How do we figure this out?
– Take the population of a country• Ex: U.S. 310,414,105 for U.S.
– Divide by the number of square miles• Ex: 3,537,441 mi² for United States
– Equals: Population Density• United States: 88 people per mi²
FactorsFactors High DensityHigh Density Low DensityLow Density ReliefRelief Low land which is flat
(ex. Ganges Valley - India)
High land that is
mountainous (ex. Himalayas)
(shape & height (shape & height
of land)of land)
ResourcesResources
Areas rich in resources (coal, oil, wood,
fishing, etc.) tend to be
densely populated (ex. Western Europe)
Areas with few resources tend to
be sparsely populated
(ex. The Sahel)
ClimateClimate
Areas with temperate climates tend to be
densely populated as there is enough rain
and heat to grow crops (ex. UK)
Areas with extreme climates of hot and
cold tend to be sparsely populated (ex. Sahara
Desert)
World Population Density
Population Movement• Urbanization
- growth of city populations brought about by migration
- changes that come w/ increase in population
• About ½ of the world’s population live in cities
• Population of Mexico City rose from 5 million to 18 million from 1960 to 2000
• Movement also occurs between countries• People who move
from one country to another are called Emigrants
in their homeland and Immigrants
in their new country
• Refugees – people fleeing to another country to escape persecution or disaster
• Internally Displaced – people fleeing to another place within the SAME country to escape persecution or disaster (ex. Katrina victims fleeing New Orleans and coming to Houston.)