World Populatio

nPopulation Connection Video

Demography

The study of population- #’s

- Ethnicities

- Common characteristics

- Distribution/ Density

Growth Rates• Death rate: # of ppl that die every

year per 1,000• Birth rate: # of ppl born every year

per 1,000

• Natural Increase (growth rate)= BR – DR

Growth Rates• Life expectancy- average number of

years ppl live w/ in a given population• Fertility rate- # of babies a woman is

expected to have in her life• Infant mortality rate- # of deaths of

infants under 1 yr. per 1,000 live births

• Child mortality rate- # of deaths of children ages 1-5 per 1,000

Growth Rates

• Doubling time:–# of yrs. it takes a pop. to

double in size

–Parts of Asia, Africa, Latin Am. = 25 yrs.

–Wealthy countries = 300 yrs.

Nairobi, Kenya

Mumbai, India

Rapid growth leads to a demand on resources that often cannot be met…

Sudan

Ethiopia

Even more severe in places with extreme climates…

Growth Rates• Zero Population Growth

occurs when BR = DR–Usually happens only in wealthy

countries–Most rural/poorer areas have

tradition of many kids (farm work)

Negative Pop. Growth

• Occurs when DR > BR–Not enough workers

–Labor must be brought in problems b/w different cultures

Baby-O-Matic

Baby-O-Matic

• Family Life: status of woman in household, ability to make decisions

• Education: More educ = fewer children, esp. for women

• Social Security: need more kids if no way to support themselves in old age

• Status Symbol: Large families can be seen as impt to culture; others, it’s personal success

Baby-O-Matic

• Time & $ Management: children are a drain on parents in some areas; an economic asset in others

• Health: with high chance of IM, ppl will have more kids as “insurance”

• Personal Beliefs: Society says if lg. or sm. is good; what shape is society in?

• Timing: Longer you wait = fewer kids; career minded ppl have fewer kids

Population Distribution

• Pop. Dist. = pattern of human settlement

• Due to inhospitable land, ppl only live on 1/3 of Earth’s land

• Ecumene= portion of earth occupied by permanent human settlement

• Need 3 things:–Available water, fertile soil, & a good

climate

Population Density• Pop. Dens.= ppl per sq. mile

–Total population / total land area(arithmetic pop. dens.)

• Some countries have wide open areas= low pop. dens.

• Some are tinier countries= high pop. dens.–Ex: Belgium & Niger

In Bangladesh- one of most densely populated countries in world

Population Density• Uneven distribution- not all land is

usable–Egypt: 99% of pop. lives w/in 20

miles of Nile the rest is desert–Use physiological pop. dens. =

• Total population / total arable land

–181 ppl/sq. mile vs. 5,807 ppl/sq. mile

Migration

• Between countries:–Emigrants in home country

–Immigrants in new country

• Reasons to leave:–Push vs. Pull Factors

Population Pyramids

Follow Historical Events

Demographic Transition Model

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