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World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water
Systematic Development of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems
Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D.Chief of Disaster Risk Reduction Programme
WIS-CAP Implementation Workshop
6-7 April 2011
WMO HQ
www.wmo.int
WMO
Early Warning Systems are a Critical Component of National Disaster Risk Reduction Programmes
Risk TransferRisk Assessment
Historical Hazard databases
Hazard statistics
Climate forecasting and forward looking hazard trend analysis
Exposed assets & vulnerability
Risk analysis tools
Preparedness (saving lives): early warning systems emergency planning and response
Prevention (Reduction of economic losses): Medium to long term sectoral planning (e.g. zoning, infrastructure, agriculture)
CATastrophe insurance & bonds
Weather-indexed insurance and derivatives
Risk Reduction
Information and Knowledge SharingEducation and training across agencies
Alignment of clear policies, legislation, planning, resources at national to local Levels (Multi-sectoral, Multi-agency)
3
2
5
4
1
6
Marine
Health (etc.)…
Geological
COMMUNITIES AT RISK
hazard warning
NationalGovernment
(emergency systems)
Hydrological
Meteorological
National Technical Services
disasterresponse
Many countries are still in response and relief mode!
haz
ard
war
nin
g
Local government
Disa
sterresp
on
se
hazard warning
While economic losses are on the way up!
Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database
0.05
2.66
0.17
1.73
0.39
0.65
0.22 0.25
0.67
0.22
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05
Geological
Hydrometeorological
Millions of casualties per decade
decade
Loss of life from hydro-
meteorological disasters are decreasing!
4 11 1424
47
88
160
345
103
495
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05
Geological
Hydrometeorological
Billions of USD per decade
decade
More countries moving from issuing hazard warnings to Multi-Hazard/Risk-based Early Warning Systems Coordination Across Many Agencies, Sectors and levels
National to local emergency plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms
1 2
3 4
NationalGovernment
DRM agency and sectoral coordination
mechanisms
Meteorological
Hydrological
Geological
Marine
Health, Agricuture (etc.)
Capacity Development and Coordinated National Technical Agencies
feedback
feed
bac
k
Community Preparednesswar
nin
gs
warnings
feedback
24
3
5
54
4
5
A different view ….
Local Government
responsible for emergency
preparedness and response
Aligned policies, plans, resources, coordination
1
warnings
WMO in cooperation with nearly 20 UN and international agencies and their network of experts has facilitated the documentation of Good
Practices and Guidelines on Institutional Partnerships in Early Warning Systems with Multi-Hazard Approach
Guidelines on Institutional Aspects EWS with Multi-Hazard ApproachPlanning, legislative, financing, Institutional Coordination and Roles of NMHS
Synthesis of First set of 7 Good Practices (4 more in the pipeline)
Role of National Metrological and Hydrological Services
Bangladesh Cyclone
Preparedness Programme
Cuba Tropical Cyclone
Early Warning System
France and FWI “Vigilan
ce System”
Shanghai Multi-Hazard Emergency
Preparedness Programme
USA Multi-Hazard Early Warning
System
Germany The Warning Management
of the Deutscher
Wetterdienst
JapanMulti-
Hazard Early
Warning System
10 basic principles for effective Early Warning Systems
1. Political recognition of the benefits of EWS along with effective planning, legislation and budgeting
2. Effective EWS are built upon four components:(i)) hazard detection, monitoring and forecasting;
(ii) analyzing risks and incorporation of risk information in emergency planning and warnings;
(iii) disseminating timely and “authoritative” warnings with clarity on the responsibilities and authorityfor issuance of warnings;
(iv) community emergency planning and preparedness and the ability to activate emergency plans to prepare and respond
3. Roles and responsibilities of all EWS stakeholders and their collaboration mechanisms clearly defined and documented in SOPs (who, what, when, how and with whom)
4. Capacities aligned with resources across national to local levels (sustainability)
5. Hazard, exposure and vulnerability information are used to carry-out risk assessments at different levels
6. Clear, consistent and actionable risk-based warnings, issued from a single recognized authoritative source
7. Timely, reliable, redundant and sustainable warning dissemination mechanisms
8. Emergency response plans targeted to the individual needs of the vulnerable communities, authorities, sectors and emergency responders
9. Regular training and education programmes in risk awareness and emergency response actions
10. Effective feedback mechanisms throughout levels of the EWS for system improvement over time
10 basic principles for effective Early Warning System (Continued)
Type I: Multi-Agency DRR Cooperation Projects with World Bank, ISDR, UNDP
and WMO
South East Europe (2007-
present)
South East Asia (early
2010 – ongoing)
Central America and Caribbean
(2010- ongoing)
Special project: WMO Shanghai MH-
EWS Demo
Type II: Multi-Agency Cooperation Projects in end-to-end Multi-Hazard
EWS
Two Types of National/Regional DRR/EWS Capacity Development Projects initiated (2007 – Present)
These capacity development initiatives provide opportunities for adoption and
development of CAP
For more information please contact:Maryam Golnaraghi Tel. 41.22.730.8006Fax. 41.22.730.8023Email. [email protected]
http://www.wmo.int/disasters
Thank You