People, Religion and vocabulary for the Benchmark:

People:

Hammurabi-Babylonians- earliest know written law

Justinian-Emp. Justinian collected all existing Roman laws

Copernicus-Believed the Earth orbited the Sun

Galileo-his observations confirmed Copernicus’ theory

Adam Smith-wrote “Wealth of Nations”—free market economic system

Karl Marx-wrote “Communist Manifesto”-developed communism

Adolf Hitler-leader of the Nazi Party in Germany during WWII

Religions:

Judaism- 1st religion to believe in one God—holy book Torah

Christianity-Religion based o the teaching of Jesus Christ- son of God, holy book-Bible

Islam-Religion founded by Mohammed- holy book-Koran, Quran

Hinduism-Religion in India-believed in many gods, reincarnation, caste system, Karma

Confucianism- belief system, established by Confucius , emphasized traditional values, obedience and order

Sikhism-combining both Islam and Hindu-belief in one God—all equal in Gods eye

Vocabulary:

Separation of Power: a principle of the Constitution that states power should be divided between 3 branches of government

Popular Sovereignty: a principle of the Constitution that states the people rule by voting

Limited monarchy: kings with a legislature to share power

Absolute monarchy-King Louis XIV-total power of the King

Oligarchy: ruled by a few

The Columbian Exchange: when the 2 worlds- America and Europe- exchanged goods, ideas, and diseases—

Renaissance- the rebirth of Europe, the era after the Middle Ages

Centralized Power—political power nearest to the people

Industrial Revolution: when people started to make things by machine instead of hand

Mercantilism: the ideas that nations power depends on its wealth-colonies = raw materials=$$$

Free Enterprise: Private property-ownership of business-keep profits

Imperialism: when large take over smaller countries for political, social and economic reasons.

Fascism: a form of totalitarian government, glories nation, one ruler, extreme nationalism

Socialism: government takes over business, regulates workers, protects workers

Democratic Republic: when the people vote for elected officials