World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide

Directions: There are 18 specific TEKS (Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills) you need to know for the ACP. Read

through the information and visuals, marking the text (annotate) for important pieces of information. There are several

multiple choice questions after each TEK for you to practice with. This packet is your study guide. You must bring it with

you to every single class. I will check every day to see if you have brought your packet and you will receive a daily

grade. Do not lose this packet.

TEK: identify the characteristics of civilization

A civilization is a form of human culture in which some people live in cities, have complex social institutions, use some

form or writing, and are skilled at using science and technology. The first civilizations formed around river valleys. Water

cook be used for drinking, cooking, travel, and when the rivers flooded they made the soil fertile for farming.

TEK: describe the major political, religious/philosophical, and cultural influences of Persia, India, China, Israel, Greece,

and Rome, including the development of monotheism, Judaism, and Christianity

Political Religious/Philosophical Cultural

Persia Cyrus the Great expanded by conquering

Darius unified empire by building Royal Road

Divided empire into provinces called satraps

First polytheistic, then monotheistic (Zoroastrianism)

Tolerant of other cultures

Standardized coins

Royal Road connected empire and allowed trade to flourish

India Mauryan Empire: Ashoka spread Buddhism, created bureaucracy

Maurya: Buddhism, a philosophy that stresses ending desires to reach Nirvana

Gupta: Hinduism, a polytheistic religion based on karma and reincarnation

Form of writing called Sanskrit

Caste system: social class based on birth, could not move up or down

Civilization

Advanced Cities

Advanced Technology

Skilled Workers

Complex Institutions

System of Writing

QUESTION 1:

Which of the following is an essential

characteristic of a civilization?

a. Most people speak the same language

b. Women and men are treated equally

c. Most people are engaged in hunting and

gathering

d. Some people are able to read and write

QUESTION 2 & 3:

The ideals of democracy, in which citizens participate in their own government, and of

republican government, in which the leaders of government are elected by citizens,

were first introduced by-?

a. Most people speak the same language

b. Women and men are treated equally

c. Most people are engaged in hunting and gathering

d. Some people are able to read and write

Which of the following was a characteristic of ancient China?

a. The Mandate of Heaven, which said a ruler was chosen by heaven to rule

b. Belief in Judaism

c. Olympic games

d. The development of the first system of government in which citizens were

allowed to participate

China Dynasties: family of rulers

Mandate of Heaven: idea that the ruler is chosen by heaven

Confucianism: philosophy that focused on harmony and relationships

Respect for elders/dead ancestors (filial piety)

Foot binding in Tang and Song

Israel Moses led Hebrews out of slavery

Ten Commandments

Judaism is first monotheistic (Abrahamic) religion

Believed in teachings of Abraham

Ten Commandments: a set of rules given to Hebrews by God (do not murder, honor your parents)

Greece Athens: first democracy

Sparta: oligarchy

City-states (polis) develop because mountains separate Greek cities

Polytheistic

Philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

Philosophers try to understand the world using logic

Olympic games

Sculptors tried to use proportion

Columns

Science/Math: round earth, geometry

Women left out of gov’t, but Spartan women held higher status than Athenian women

Rome Italy

Republic: gov’t with representatives chosen by people

12 Tables: law code

Polytheistic: similar to Greeks

Christianity later became Rome’s official religion

Women in Rome responsible for household chores, not allowed to hold office but they could own property and make wills

Domes, arches, aqueducts, concrete

QUESTION 4:

Which conclusion is directly supported by the information in the pictograph?

a. The Black Death was the most dangerous disease to ever affect humankind

b. The Black Death killed most of the world’s existing population in the 1300s

c. Almost one third of the population of Western Europe died from the Black Death

d. The Black Death affected more than one region of the world

TEK: explain how the Crusades, the Black Death, the Hundred Years' War, and the Great Schism contributed to the end

of medieval Europe

End of Medieval Europe

Crusades These wars exposed Europeans to eastern ideas and good and stimulated trade; increased trade led to the growth of towns

Black Death Killed 1/3 of Europe’s population; shortage of labor led to the decline of serfdom

Hundred Years’ War Reduced the importance of knights; gave greater financial freedom to serfs; introduced new weapons

Great Schism Occurred when there were Popes in Avignon and Rome; led people to question the authority of the church

TEK: summarize the major political, economic, and cultural developments in Tang and Song China and their impact on

Eastern Asia

Tang China Song China

Reunited China

Foot-binding

Civil service examinations

Magnetic compass, paper money, moveable type

Natural landscapes drawn with black ink

End of Medieval Europe

Crusades

Black Death

Hundred Years' War

Great Schism

QUESTION 5:

Which development best replaces the question mark to complete the chart?

a. Blank ink painting on silk

b. Paper currency (money)

c. The first joint-stock companies

d. Examinations on Confucian texts for imperial service

QUESTION 6:

One important way in which the Silk Road and West African trade routes were similar

was that along these routes –

a. The main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco

b. Concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads

c. A single currency was used to make transactions easier

d. Ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other

TEK: analyze how the Silk Road and the African gold-salt trade facilitated the spread of ideas and trade

Silk Road Gold-Salt Trade

Began under the Han Dynasty

Connected East Asia to Europe

Trade of goods and ideas, such as Buddhism

Trans-Saharan

Merchants could cross Sahara desert on camels

Gold from West Africa was traded with Salt from North Africa and the Middle East

Ideas exchanged, such as Islamic beliefs, as well as goods

TEK: analyze the influence of human and physical geographic factors on major events in world history, including the

development of river valley civilizations, trade in the Indian Ocean

Mesopotamia Egypt Indus China

Tigris and

Euphrates Rivers

Nile river in North

Africa

Indus river

Rich soil

Huang He River

Modern day Iraq

“Fertile Crescent”

Irrigation, calendar,

wheel, bronze

Ruled by powerful

pharaoh

Built pyramids

Cities of Mohenjo-

Daro and Harappa

Precursor to

Chinese dynasties

TEK: identify important changes in human life caused by the Neolithic Revolution

Neolithic Revolution also called Agricultural Revolution

Occurred in the Middle East 10,000 years ago when people found they could obtain food by planting seeds

Food surpluses: people began to change from hunters and gatherers to producers of food.

Domestication of Animals: people learned to domesticate animals such as cattle and sheep.

Permanent Settlements: people no longer had to wander in search of food and could now establish settlements with permanent homes

TEK: identify the characteristics of the following political systems: theocracy, absolute monarchy, democracy, republic,

oligarchy, limited monarchy, and totalitarianism

Government Description

Theocracy Rule by religious leaders

QUESTION 7:

The development of river valley civilizations is directly related to

a. Systematic religious practices

b. Advances in shipbuilding

c. The emergence of agriculture

d. The sharing of new deals

QUESTION 8:

The development of systematic farming allowed Neolithic people to grow enough food

a. To expand trade routes

b. For religious ceremonies and rituals

c. To establish permanent settlements

d. For population control

Absolute Monarchy King/Queen with all power

Democracy People vote for leader

Republic Representative vote for leader

Oligarchy Government by a usually wealthy group (Sparta)

Limited Monarchy King/Queen must obey constitution

Totalitarianism A government that controls all aspects of life

TEK: explain the development of democratic-republican government from its beginnings in the Judeo-Christian legal

tradition and classical Greece and Rome

Democratic-republican government is a blend of Greek Democracy and Roman Representative government. It is

influenced heavily by the ideas of the 10 Commandments of the Judeo-Christian legal tradition.

TEK: identify the impact of political and legal ideas contained in the following documents: Hammurabi's Code, the Jewish

Ten Commandments, Justinian’s Code of Laws, and the Magna Carta

Document Impact

Hammurabi’s Code Earliest written law code “an eye for an eye”

Jewish 10 Commandments Established a moral code of conduct (no stealing/killing)

Justinian’s Code of Laws Organized laws into single written code. Based on Roman law

Magna Carta Limits the power of the monarchy

QUESTION 9:

Which concept is NOT found in a democratic republic form of government?

a. A trial by jury

b. People voting on issues

c. Religious leadership

d. Representative governing body

QUESTION 10:

Historian R.H. Barrow has stated that Rome never fell because it turned into

something even greater- an idea- and achieved immortality.

What is an example of Roman influences on modern western societies?

a. Treating women as equals in society

b. Use of concrete and arches to construct expansive transportation systems

c. Underlying belief that religion is the basis of all moral civil codes

d. Foundation for a justice system based on the belief of innocent until proven

guilty

TEK: describe the rights and responsibilities of citizens and noncitizens in civic participation throughout history

Civic Responsibility: the responsibility of a citizen to participate in democratic government and social participation.

Example: Voting.

TEK: identify the influence of ideas regarding the right to a "trial by a jury of your peers" and the concepts of "innocent

until proven guilty" and "equality before the law" that originated from the Judeo-Christian legal tradition and in Greece

and Rome

Trial by a Jury of your Peers Magna Carta

Innocent until Proven Guilty The need for evidence

Equality Before the Law King is also under the law

QUESTION 11:

What is the political and legal impact of the ideas contained in the Code of

Hammurabi, the Ten Commandments, and the Magna Carta?

a. Codes of law hold all people responsible for their actions

b. It is the government’s job to punish people as they see fit

c. One’s position in society is determined by birth and cannot be changed

d. Only wealthy people are held above the law

QUESTION 12:

Our public men have, besides politics, their private affairs to attend to, and our

ordinary citizens, though occupied with the pursuits of industry, are still fair judges of

public matters. Unlike any other nation, we regard those who take no part in these

duties not as unambitious but as useless. We Athenians are able to judge at all

events. Instead of looking on discussion a stumbling block in the way of action, we

think of it as an essential preliminary step to any wise action at all.

Which principal is described in this excerpt?

a. Civic responsibility

b. Unalienable rights

c. Economic prosperity

d. Freedom from tyranny

QUESTION 12:

“It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.”

Which principal is best reflected by the quote?

a. Trial by jury

b. Separation of church and state

c. Equality before the law

d. Innocent until proven guilty

TEK: describe the historical origins, central ideas, and spread of major religious and philosophical traditions, including

Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Sikhism, and the development of monotheism

QUESTION 13:

What is one similarity between Buddhism and Christianity?

a. Both are monotheistic

b. Both religions spread along trade routes

c. Both believe that the soul lives on, unchanged after death

d. Both have their foundations in Jewish traditions

TEK: describe the changing roles of women, children, and families during major eras of world history

River Valley Civilizations:

o Women were primary caregivers to children, families who lived on farms all worked together

Classical Era (Greece and Rome):

o Men became more powerful than women

o Spartan boys sent to military schools

o Roman women could own property and speak in court

o Families were the basic social unit

TEK: summarize the fundamental ideas and institutions of Western civilizations that originated in Greece and Rome

From Greece From Rome

Philosophy

Democracy

Art, architecture, literature, history, drama, mathematics

Republican form of government

Christianity

Rule of Law

QUESTION 14:

These examples demonstrate that

a. Roman women had the same rights as women in ancient China

b. The rights of women have varied in different cultures

c. In both ancient China and Rome, women were treated as the equals of men

d. Little has changed from one civilization to another in the roles of women

QUESTION 15:

All of these contributions to modern civilization originated in ancient

a. Egypt

b. Greece

c. China

d. Rome

TEK: analyze examples of how art, architecture, literature, music, and drama reflect the history of the cultures in which

they are produced

Early Civilizations Greece/Rome Tang/Song Renaissance

Judaism: Holy book is the Torah

Greek/Roman arches, domes, and columns

black ink

landscapes

perspective, realism, balance, proportion

TEK: identify the origin and diffusion of major ideas in mathematics, science, and technology that occurred in river valley

civilizations, classical Greece and Rome, classical India, and the Islamic caliphates between 700 and 1200 and in China

from the Tang to Ming dynasties

Mesopotamia Plow, pottery, bronze, wheel, arch, sail

Egypt Mummification, pyramids, hieroglyphics, papyrus

Indus Sewers

Huang He Silk, ironworks, Great Wall of China

Greece Columns

Rome Arches, domes, concrete, aqueducts

India Astrolabe, algebra

Tang to Ming China

Moveable type, paper money, magnetic compass, Chinese junk

QUESTION 16:

Which artistic ideal is demonstrated by the

architecture in this building?

a. Ideal proportions convey harmony and

beauty

b. Lofty internal spaces give viewers an

other-worldly sense of the divine

c. Elaborate decorations show the power

and grandeur of the secular ruler

d. Gentle curves echo the beauty of the

human form

QUESTION 17, 18:

Which civilization is the origin of these innovations?

a. Egypt

b. Sumer (Mesopotamia)

c. Indus River Valley

d. Huang He

The technological advances of the compass, gunpowder, and printing had their roots

in the

a. Mughal Empire of India

b. Ottoman Empire of the Middle East

c. Tang and Song Dynasties of China

d. Sikh religion of northern India