World History

Unit 3

An Age of Exchange and Encounter:

500 to A.D. 1500

Chapter 12Empires in East Asia,

600 - 1350 A.D.

Section 1

Two Great Dynasties in China

12CHAPTER

Empires in East Asia, 600–1350

Time Line

600

618 Tang Dynasty begins 300-year rule in China. Scholar-officials managed the Tang government.

794 Heian period begins in Japan.

935 Koryu Dynasty controls Korea.

960 Song Dynasty established in China.

1185 Kamakura shogunate rules Japan.

1350

1279 Kublai Khan conquers China.

Two Great Dynasties in China

Objectives• To identify the main rulers of the Tang Dynasty and the

extent of their empire.• To describe the causes and effects of the Song family’s

flight south.• To summarize the achievements of the Tang and Song

empires.• To describe changes in Chinese society.• Vocabulary: Tang Taizong, Wu Zhao, movable type,

gentry

The Tang Dynasty Expands China

Sui Wendi - 589 AD– united China after 350 years– completion of Grand Canal

Tang Dynasty - 618 - 907 AD– Tang Taizong

• reconquered former Han lands– Manchuria to Vietnam

– Wu Zhao• only female emperor in China• oversaw Korea addition

• networks of roads and canals

• prospered thru foreign trade

• Confucianism reform– civil service exams

• Fall due to crushing taxes

Song Dynasty Restores China

Song Dynasty - 960 - 1279 AD– smaller than Tang– paid tribute to invaders

• forced to flee south by Jurchen

– rapid economic growth• trade with Asia and Europe

Most Populous and Advanced– movable type

• used more than once

– gunpowder– porcelain– mechanical clock– paper money– magnetic compass

Song Dynasty Restores China

Agriculture– two rice crops annually

Trade– Silk Road– greatest sea power

• Buddhism; tea

Art– Li Bo - life’s pleasures

• natural landscapes

Society– social mobility– social advancement

• civil service system

• gentry - upper class

Objectives Assessment

1. Who were the Tang’s main rulers?

2. Why did the Song family retreat south? What was the effect of the flight?

3. What are some of the achievements of the Tang and Song Empires?

4. What were some changes in Chinese society?

Two Great Dynasties in China

Section 1 Assessment

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Explain the similarities and differences between the Tang and Song dynasties.

Song OnlyTang Only Both

Expanded the empire, had a female ruler,reformed the civil service

Prospered through trade, improved

agriculture, created great art and literature

Ruled smaller empire, developed into great sea power, created paper money and movable type

Chapter 12Empires in East Asia,

600 - 1350 A.D.

Section 3

Empire of the Great Khan

Empire of the Great Khan

Objectives

• To summarize Kublai Khan’s conquest of China.

• To describe Mongol rule in China.

• To identify the importance of Marco Polo’s journeys.

• To describe the fall of Mongol rule in China and elsewhere.

• Vocabulary: Kublai Khan, Marco Polo

Kublai Khan Conquers China

Kublai Khan– grandson of Genghis Khan– Great Khan

• ruler of entire Mongol Empire

– 1st foreigner to rule China

• Yuan Dynasty - 1279-1368– 1st to unite China in 300 years– open China to foreign contacts– lived most of life in China, not on

steppe (Mongolia)• capital at Beijing

• Japan– 1274 and 1281– largest seaborne fleet until WW II

Mongol Rule in China

Separation– Mongols lived apart from Chinese– Chinese institutions– Chinese in low govt positions

• Mongols and foreigners

• Marco Polo– Venetian trader

– encouraged foreign visits• Silk Road

• End of Mongol rule– 1368 - Chinese rebels (Ming)– Khanate of the Golden Horde

• 1480 AD

Objectives Assessment

1. Describe Kublai’s conquest of China.– Conquers southern China after 40 years– Founds Yuan Dynasty

2. How did the Mongol’s govern China?– Tolerated Chinese culture; made few changes– Mongols and foreigners in key positions

3. Why was Marco Polo’s journey to China important?– Western look into Kublai’s China; trade

4. What were some of the reasons for Mongol decline in the 1300s?

– Kublai’s death; taxing wars; rebellion

Empire of the Great Khan

3Section Assessment

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List seven events that show the impact of Kublai Khan on East Asia.

Kublai KhanImproved

communication within China and

across Asia

Conquered China

Established a Mongol dynasty

(Yuan)

Reunited ChinaFailed to

conquer Japan

Extended foreign trade

Fought unsuccessful wars in Southeast Asia

Feudal Powers in Japan

4Section Assessment

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Summarize the main periods and events in Japanese history between the years 300 and 1300.

Event Two

Event One

Event Four Event Six

Event Three Event Five Event Seven

300Chinese

writings first mention Japan.

500 Koreans bring Buddhist images and scriptures

to Yamato court.

600s-800sJapan adopts

aspects of Chinese culture.

794Capital

moved to Heian.

1000-1200Feudal system

develops.

1192Yoritomo becomes

first shogun.

1274 and 1281

Japan turns back Mongol

invasions.

Chapter 12Empires in East Asia,

600 - 1350 A.D.

Section 5

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea

Objectives

• To describe the kingdoms of Southeast Asia and the influence of India and China.

• To summarize early Korean history.

• Vocabulary: Khmer Empire, Anghor Wat, Koryu Dynasty

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia

SE Asia• Geography

– between Indian / Pacific Oceans– tropical, humid climate– mainland south of China– island chain

• Culture– never unified culturally/politically

• rivers and straits

• Political Power– trade routes– harbors

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia

Indian Influence– monsoon winds– Hinduism and Buddhism– Sanskrit

Chinese Influence– political tribute

Khmer Empire - 800-1200 CE– Cambodia; main SE Asian

power on mainland– dominate sea trade– rice cultivation

• 3-4 crops annually

– capital at Angkor Wat• city and temple complexes

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia

Sailendra Dynasty– Java; sea trade– Borobudur Buddhist temple

Srivijaya Empire– Java, Borneo, Sumatra– wealth via taxing trade– Palembang as learning center

Ly Dynasty– Hanoi, Vietnam– expansion via conquest– fought off Mongols

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia

Koryu Dynasty - 935-1392 CE– isolation– Korea

• strong Chinese Han influence

– govt. modeled after China• Confucian civil service

– social divisions• landed aristocracy = haves• all others = have nots

– Mongol occupation• 1231-1350 CE• tribute

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea

5Section Assessment

1. List six important kingdoms or dynasties covered in this section, and at least two major accomplishments of each.

Kingdom or Dynasty Accomplishments

Khmer

Srivijaya

Sailendra

Vietnam

Silla

Koryu

Built irrigation system and Angkor Wat

Dominated Strait of Malacca; created center of Buddhist learning

Prospered through agriculture; built Borobudur

Gained independence from China; defeated the Mongols

United Korea; developed writing

Established civil service; produced celadon pottery