World Cultures

Final Review

China

In what direction do most people live in China?

• East

What are major themes of Confucianism?

    Inner attitude of being humane and loving

Who is the founder of Daoism?

     Lao-zi

What historical structure was built in China in the earlier

part of civilization?

   The Great Wall

What was the mandate of heaven?

• Rule granted by heaven

• Traditional Chinese rulers governed by this

What was the mandate of heaven said to explain?

• The dynastic cycle

What is calligraphy?

• The art of writing with a brush and ink

What did one have to do in order to become a government official in traditional China?

• Pass a series of strenuous exams

What was the cause of the 1911 Chinese Civil War?

•    China declared itself a republic with no set form of government

What German philosopher was said to inspire Mao Zedong?

• Karl Marx

What was the result of the Opium Wars?

    China was forced into a series of unequal treaties with European nations

What was the status of women in traditional China?

     Inferior to men

Who was the first leader in the Republic of China?

• Dr. Sun Yat-sen

What modern policy has China enacted to help solve the

overpopulation problem?

• One child policy

Japan

What is the main physical feature in Japan?

• Mountains

What was the main problem that the Japanese had with

Shinto?      Did not give answers to questions about

life and death

How was a person’s social class determined during the Tokugawa shogunate?

•    Heredity

How did the majority of Japanese feel about Americans

in the 1800s?

.      Americans were a threat to their culture

What incident occurred on December 7, 1941?

The attack on Pearl Harbor, HI

What prompted the Japan to finally surrender during World

War II? •     Bombing of Nagasaki

What was the main goal of the Allies after WWII?

      Ensure Japan would never threaten world peace again

What religious beliefs do the majority of Japanese follow

today?

    Combination of Buddhism and Shinto

What type of government does Japan have today?

•      Constitutional Monarchy

INDIA

How do the monsoons affect South Asia?

• The wet monsoon is essential to survival of the region

How is Hinduism different from most world

religions? • It has no founder

What is the major difference between

Hinduism and Buddhism?

• Hinduism accepts the caste system, Buddhism does not

How is India culturally diverse?

• The caste system

What is civil disobedience?

• The refusal to obey unjust laws

What is an example of civil disobedience?

• Boycotts

What was the result of the Amritsar massacre?

• India’s demand for independence from the British

What was the result of the partition of India?

• Mass migrations of Hindus and Muslims between India and Pakistan

What types of actions did Gandhi oppose?

• Violent

How did Gandhi win independence for India?

• Refusing to cooperate with the British government

Latin America

What are the three main areas of Latin America?

• South America• Central America• The Caribbean

What two main groups influenced Latin America?

• Spanish• Portuguese

What is the largest country in South America?

• Brazil

What mountain range in located in Peru?

• Andes

Define mestizo:

• Ethnic group formed from Spanish and Portuguese settlers marrying Native Americans

In what present-day country did the Mayan civilization prosper?

• Mexico

What civilization moved into the Mayan territory after their

decline? • Aztecs

What is the most prevalent religion in Latin America?

• Catholicism

Define machismo:

• Male domination

What are some causes of instability in Latin America?

• Social inequality• Cartels• Gangs• Coups

Geography

What is nationalism?

• Pride and loyalty to one’s nation

What is imperialism?

• One country taking over another country

What is ethnocentrism?

• Judging other cultures by standards of one’s own culture

What is industrialization?

• A major switch from manual labor to the sue of machinery

What are physical features?

•      natural elements of the environment

What are political features?

     Boundaries made by humans

What is westernization?

The adoption of western cultures

What is culture?

      All things that make up a people’s way of life

 

What does interdependent mean?The dependence on other countries for

goods, knowledge, and resources