WORLD WORLD CINEMA CINEMA EMPIREEMPIRE

The world capital of The world capital of film entertainment Los film entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot Angeles has been a lot of things over the past of things over the past 100 years.First it was 100 years.First it was a little city with a little city with orange forest and orange forest and great weathergreat weather

But, one day in 1908 a group of people from But, one day in 1908 a group of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles. In 1911 the first been coming to Los Angeles. In 1911 the first studio appeared in Hollywood. studio appeared in Hollywood.

In the 1920s In the 1920s Hollywood made 80% Hollywood made 80% of the world’s films. of the world’s films. Silent and black-and-Silent and black-and-white films of those white films of those early years starring early years starring Mary Pickford and and Charlie Chaplin were were forced out by sound forced out by sound films in the middle of films in the middle of the 1920s. the 1920s.

Charlie ChaplinCharlie Chaplin (Charles Spencer) is an (Charles Spencer) is an English Film actor and English Film actor and director. He made his director. He made his reputation as a tramp reputation as a tramp with a small black with a small black moustache, bowler hat, moustache, bowler hat, and twirling cane in and twirling cane in silent comedies from the silent comedies from the mid-1910s, including mid-1910s, including “The Rink”“The Rink”(1916), (1916),

““The Kid”The Kid”(1920), (1920),

““The Gold The Gold Rush”Rush”(1925) (1925)

Mary PickfordMary Pickford (1893- (1893-1979) is the1979) is the stage name stage name of of

Gladys Mary Smith. She Gladys Mary Smith. She was a Canadian-born was a Canadian-born actress. The first star of actress. The first star of silent films, she was silent films, she was known as “America’s known as “America’s Sweetheart”, and played Sweetheart”, and played the roles of innocent the roles of innocent girls into her thirties. girls into her thirties.

Full-length films came up to Full-length films came up to take place of short films. take place of short films. And the first colour film, And the first colour film, Gone With the Wind, was Gone With the Wind, was shot in 1939. This film shot in 1939. This film brought a great success to brought a great success to Vivien Leigh and and Clark Gable who starred in who starred in the film.the film.

Vivien LeighVivien Leigh(1913-1967) is (1913-1967) is the stage name of Vivien the stage name of Vivien Mary Hartley. She was Mary Hartley. She was Indian-born English actress. Indian-born English actress. She appeared on the stage She appeared on the stage in London and New York, in London and New York, and won Academy Awards and won Academy Awards for her performances as for her performances as

Scarlett O’HaraScarlett O’Hara in in Gone with the WindGone with the Wind

(1939) and as (1939) and as Blanche du Blanche du BoisBois in in A Streetcar A Streetcar Named DesireNamed Desire (1951). Her (1951). Her other films include Lady other films include Lady HamiltonHamilton (1941), (1941), Anna Anna KareninaKarenina (1948). (1948).

Clark GableClark Gable (1901- (1901-1960) is an American 1960) is an American film actor. He was a film actor. He was a star for more than 30 star for more than 30 years in 90 films. He years in 90 films. He was celebrated for was celebrated for romantic roles such as romantic roles such as

Rhett ButlerRhett Butler in in

Gone with the Gone with the WindWind(1939).(1939).

The number of the The number of the studios grew very studios grew very quickly. They quickly. They combined in large combined in large corporations and now corporations and now the biggest film the biggest film companies are companies are MGM, Paramount,

20th Century Fox, , Columbia Pictures, Warner Bros, and , and Universal.

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM)Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) is a US film- is a US film-production company. It is one of the most powerful production company. It is one of the most powerful Hollywood studios of the 1930s-1950s. It produced such Hollywood studios of the 1930s-1950s. It produced such prestige films as prestige films as David CopperfieldDavid Copperfield (1935) and (1935) and The The Wizard of OzWizard of Oz(1939). Among its stars were (1939). Among its stars were Greta Greta Garbo, James Stewart, Elizabeth Taylor.Garbo, James Stewart, Elizabeth Taylor.

Paramount PictureParamount Picture is a US film production and is a US film production and distribution company. It was founded in 1912. distribution company. It was founded in 1912. ParamountParamount was a major studio from the silent days was a major studio from the silent days of the cinema. It was adept discovering new talents.of the cinema. It was adept discovering new talents.

2020thth Century Fox Century Fox is a US film- is a US film-production company. It was formed in production company. It was formed in 1935. The company made high-quality 1935. The company made high-quality films and it is still a major studio. films and it is still a major studio.

СоСоlumbia Pictureslumbia Pictures is a US film production is a US film production and ditribution company. It was founded in and ditribution company. It was founded in 1924. It grew out of a smaller company 1924. It grew out of a smaller company founded in 1920 by founded in 1920 by Harry Corn.Harry Corn. Coluambia Coluambia became a major studio by the 1940s.became a major studio by the 1940s.

Warner BrosWarner Bros is a US production is a US production company. It was founded in 1923 company. It was founded in 1923 by by Harry, Albert, Sam,Harry, Albert, Sam, and and Jack Warner.Jack Warner. It become one of It become one of the major Hollywood studios the major Hollywood studios after releasing the first talking after releasing the first talking film, film, The Jazz SingerThe Jazz Singer (1927). (1927).

UniversalUniversal is a US film studio. It is a US film studio. It was founded in 1915. In the was founded in 1915. In the 1970s and 1980s1970s and 1980s Universal Universal became one of the industry’s became one of the industry’s leaders with box-office hits from leaders with box-office hits from the producer and director Steve the producer and director Steve Spielberg such as Spielberg such as ETET (1982) (1982) and and Back to the FutureBack to the Future (1985). (1985).

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1. In 1908 a group of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to1. In 1908 a group of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot films; grow oranges; write books. 2. The world capital of filmed entertainment is2. The world capital of filmed entertainment is Los Angeles; New York; Washington D.C. 3. The first studio appeared in Hollywood in3. The first studio appeared in Hollywood in 1912; ; 1921; ; 1911. 4. In the 1920s Hollywood made … %of the world’s films.4. In the 1920s Hollywood made … %of the world’s films. 80; 60; 90. 5. Mary Pick ford and Charlie Chaplin were the Famous actors of 5. Mary Pick ford and Charlie Chaplin were the Famous actors of

…films.…films. silent and black-and-white; sound; color.silent and black-and-white; sound; color. 6. He first colour film,6. He first colour film,Gone With the WindGone With the Wind, was shot in, was shot in 1939; 1929; 1919.1939; 1929; 1919.