WORLD CALL TO FIGHT y ^ R TH E ID

Dec. 10 Urged As Human Rights DayNEW YORK.

A DECLARATION calling for a “day of protest against South Africa’s apartheid policy” was signed recently by leading international figures in New York.Among the signatories was the former Secretary General of the United Nations, Mr. Trygvie Lie, and

Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, widow of the former President of the United States of America.

The declaration appealed to peoples of the free world to observeDecember 10 as a human rights day. of 38 nations.

It was issued from United Nations headquarters by the American Com­mittee on Africa.

The signatories said that their goal was “to persuade the South African Government, before it reaches the point of no return, that only in democratic equality is there lasting peace and security.”

Amongst were:

the other signatories

Earl Russell (Bertrand Russell), the well-known English mathematic­ian, philosopher and writer;

Ceylon Sugar FactoryLONDON.

The Ceylon Government has ac­cepted a tender worth about £2,500,000 from the Czech Techno- Export Corporation to build a sugar factory at Kantalai, on the east coast.

CHIANG'S FUNK-HOLESAN FRANCISCO.

The Chiang Kai-sheks who were alarmed by the rising demands of Formosan Chinese for liberation from the Americans and re-union with China, have taken the precau­tion of buying a luxurious estate at Lynchburg, Virginia, U.S.A.

The Dispatcher, organ of West Coast waterside workers said the American estate bought by the Chiangs should “become a national shrine to the greatest wrong bet ever laid. At least the U.S. taxpayers paid for it.”

TURKS WANT TO ATTACK SY R IA -

LONDON.(''O NnRM ATIO N of Khni-

schov’s warning that the Turkish Government has been preparing an all-out attack on Syria for some time now, comes from the bitterly anti- Soviet magazine printed in the U.S.A., Newsweek.

In its October 28th edition it contained the following shortreport from its reporter in

*“This indicates what Tur­

key’s high command thinks of Khruschov’s threats: They want to call his bluff, are urging the UJS. to let them slap down Syria now. The Turks want to stop Communist expansion be­fore Syria becomes a really serious threat.”

Meanwhile in New Delhi Indian Prime Minister Nehru stated recently at a Press con­ference that the prospects of war in the Middle ^ s t had faded.

The Syrian situation had proved, he added, that Arab nationalism was stronger than the Baghdad Pact. To call Syria — or any other Arab country — Communist was an exaggeration of fact, he stated.

It was signed by 123 representatives

Professor Arnold Toynbee, one ofthe world’s best-known historians;

Mr. John Gunther, famous Ameri­can journalist, author of “Inside Africa”;

Lord Boyd-Orr, leading authority

on food problems;Bruno Walter, outstanding musi­

cian and conductor;Pablo Casals, “the greatest cello

player who ever lived”;Alan Paton, well - known South

African novelist;M. Andre Maurois, well - known

French writer.

BRITONS ATTACK COLOUR BAR

LONDON.lyTEANWHILE in Britain leading actors, writers, musicians and sports­

men have signed a manifesto deploring discrimination on grounds of race, colour or religion.

The manifesto, which was drafted by the Africa Bureau, reads:

“We, the undersigned, drawn from the fields of art and sport, are dis­mayed by the danger that is arising in Africa from the theory and prac­tice of apartheid. We believe that the theory is inhuman, and that the practice restricts arbitrarily, even prohibits, the enjoyment and the use of human talent.

“FREEDOM HUNGER”“Sport and the arts are concerned

with those things mankind has in common. Today, when men in­creasingly hunger for freedom and unity, we believe that we have a special responsibility to cherish and advance the liberties which have been so hardly won through the centuries.

“To impose any form of discrim­ination on grounds of race, colour

Spanish Students Turn Against FrancofT^HE Spanish authorities are

seriously worried at the rising anti-Franco feeling amongst the Spanish student population.

When the new academic year started at the beginning of the month, students were told to toe the line. The head of the Spanish Student’s Union (SEU), Senor Aparicio Bernal, warned students to co-operate loyally with the SEU movement.

Speaking in the great hall of the Old Madrid University, the rector of the University said that “only in an atmosphere of order could man en­joy the liberty to study.”

These warnings are evidence of the fear with which the authorities regard the growing ferment amongst the students, as well as amongst growing sections of the staff.

Dissatisfaction amongst students culminated in strong protest actions in Madrid early in 1956, and later at Barcelona University, which were followed by many arrests in both cities.

The students claimed that the SEU, which is subordinate to the ruling Falange (Fascist) Party and to which all students must belong, should be replaced by an organisa­tion truly representative of student opinion.

Hie ferment among the students is one of the many examples of growing opposition to the Govern­ment which have led observers to state that the end of the Franco re­gime is very near.

or religion is contrary to all we be­lieve and work for.

“We are determined nowhere to condone it, but to oppose it by every means in our power, and we invite anyone who shares our view to join us in this declaration.”

# Well - known figures of the stage and screen were represented amongst the signatories. They in­clude Alastair Sim, Dame Peggy Ashcroft, Sir Hugh and Lady C sls- son, Peter Brook, Peter Ustinov, Sir John Gielgud, Miles Malleson, Wolf Mankowitz, Michael Redgrave, Paul Scofield, Flora Robson, Emeric Pressburger, Anton Walbrook and Emlyn Williams.

# From the world of ballet were the names of Frederick Ashton, Robert Helpmann and Michael Soames.

# Scientists included Dr. Julian Huxley and Dr. J. Bronowski.

# Musicians were well repre­sented by, amongst others, Benjamin Britten, Alan Bush, Louis Kentner, Harriet Cohen, Gerald Moore and Humphrey Lyttelton.

# There were also a large num­ber of well-known writers, including such names as Graham Greene, Christopher Fry, Stella Gibbons, Eric Ambler, H. E. Bates, Arthur Koestler, Jack Lindsay, Ethel Man- nin, Stephen Potter, Stephen Spen­der and A. J. P. Taylor.

# Rounding off the long list are two popular tdevision stars, Gilbert Harding and Christopher Chataway (formerly famous as an athlete).

China Celebrates Bridge Over Mighty Yangtze RiverLONDON.

fjpHERE were celebrations and festivities throughout China when the old Chinese dream of bridging the mighty Yangtze

River became a reality towards the end of last month. On October 15 the bridge was officially opened to traffic. The 50,000 people who lined the approaches to the bridge to mark the occasion, heard the music of bands, the eracklc of sirens and the roar of aircraft as the ribbon across the bridge was cut by Chinese vice-Premier Li Fu-chun. Gaily decorated balloons floated in the air.

The opening of the bridge two years ahead of schedule was a triumph for the builders. Chinese engineers had made plans for such a bridge four times during the Chiang Kai-shek regime, but each time their plans were shelved.

Now the Chinese bridge-builders had constructed the mile-long bridge in the amazing time of 25 months, two years ahead of schedule. A new method of laying tubular column foundations in the pier building was used for the first time in the world.

The manpower, material (including all the steel girders) and financial resources were all Chinese.

Chinese speakers at the opening ceremony paid special tribute to the 20 Soviet experts who had worked with the Chinese builders day and night, giving the Chinese the benefit of their advanced experience.

The Russians reciprocated by complimenting the Chinese on the remarkable manner in which they had learnt to cope with the new techniques which were necessitated by the deep and torrential river.• The bridge is a double-decker, with a highway for six lanes of traffic on top, and a double-tracked railway below. Both decks are flatiked with footpaths.

VICTORY FOR KERALA GOVT.fJ5HE new Government of the Indian State of Kerala has won its first

major test since the election earlier this year, by securing the passage through Parliament of its Education Bill.

The new law provides for free compulsory primary education. It has special provisions aimed at pro­tecting the rights of teachers and all religious groupings.

TTiis is the first time that any In­dian State has passed such a law.

A powerful campaign had been organised against the Bill when it was first announced. The centre of this campaign was the Catholic hierarchy in Kerala, who tried to rally support from all the anti-Com- munist forces in India.

The Catholic community is one of the largest religious groups in Kerala.

The Education Bill took education from the control of the Church and placed it under the authority of the Government. Religious instruction in the schools was, however, allowed to continue.

RIOT PLANNEDThe campaign against the Bill

culminated in a “storm the capital” demonstration at Trivandrum. This measure was openly aimed at smash­

ing the Bill and bringing down the Government.

If a riot had taken place, the Central Government could have in­terfered and taken over control of the State from its communist gov­ernment.

The police, on Government in­structions, refrained from interfering with the demonstration, and the population remained calm. The hoped-for riot did not take place.

The Bill finally passed its third reading without a division. Only 32 of the 61 members of the Oppo­sition were present. The others stayed away, presumably because their electors were strongly in fav­our of the Bill.

“PASS SYSTEM MUST SMASHED”

BE

‘̂ i h E

Durban ANC ConferenceDURBAN.

struggle against passes continues to demand the full attention of the African people,” said the political report of the Executive Committee to the conference of the Durban ANC last Sunday.

The report was submitted by Mr. Stephen Ndlamini, the Secretary of the branch, but he was unable to present it personally because he is one of the accused in the Treason Trial, and according to his bail con­ditions, prohibited from attending meetings.

“The African women in particu­lar have waged courageous struggles against the notorious pass system,” the report continues. “But the mis­take has been made of regarding it as something for the women alone to fight.

^Thc puss system which is the kernel of the cheap labour system must be smashed, and that cannot be done by a struggle waged by the women alone. The whole united effort o{ our people is required to wage a relentless struggle against the pass laws.”

Showing how the people of .South Africa have become more and more militant in their struggle against oppression, the report deals

At the ANC conference last week.: WliUe the delegates are closeted in the conference hall for a closed session. Congress members and sup­porters, holding Congress flags aloft, dance and sing! spiiited}y outside

the hall.

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Sewage Workers Strike in Alexandra Township

JOHANNESBURG.A LEXANDRA TOWNSHIP

^ stank to high heaven all last week, when sewage workers went on strike for higher wages.

None of the buckets w'ere removed (what a primitive system, still in a township of this century!) and people started digging holes in their yards to deposit the night soil.

The strike started on the Saturday before last and panic hegap to grip the township when the clearances which are done twice a week did not take place.

One health inspector on his

rounds in the area found him­self surrounded by a group of women who demanded an explanation.

The sewage workers are paid only £2 10s. 6d. a week and they are now demanding an increase of 6s. a week.

Instead of meeting their demands the police pounced upon them and arrested 40 of them in terms of the Native Labour (Settlement of Dis­putes) Act. None were de­fended at their trial and each paid a fine of £5.

Up to the time of going to press the sewage removal ser­vice had not started up again.

BIRTHSThe Editor and Staff of New Age

extend their heartiest congratula­tions to Naomi and Jack on the birth of their son Adam.

OPTIOANSWolfson & De Wet, F.N.A.O. (Eng.), Qualified Sight-testing and Dispensing Opticians, 4 King George Street (between Bree and Plein Streets), Johannesburg. Please

note Change of Address Phone 22-3834

20% Redaction to Africans

ABNOLD’S XMAS HAMPERSEnquiries: Phone 22*4625

WARNING TO CUSTOMERSYou Must Not Give Your Agent Money Without Getting

Stamps—If You Do Then We Ar« Not RESPONSIBLE.WARNING TO AGENTS

Delivery Transfer Lists Must Be Handed In Immediately. Closing Date is November 1st and Late Payments Will Not

Be Accepted.Published by Real PrintitiK * Publishing Co. (Pty.) Ltd., « Barrack afreet. Cape Town,

mnd printed by Pioneer Press (Pty.) Ltd., Porgate Street, Wood.stock. This newspaper Is a member o( the Audit Bureau of Circul.ations. New Age offices:

Cape Town: Room 20, 8 Barrack Street, Phone 2-3787.Johanneshurg: 102 Pmaress Buildiugs, 154 Commissioner Street, Phone 22-4625. nurb.in: 703 L<ii1a<.n House, 118 Grey Street, Phone 6-8897.Port Elizabeth: 0 Court Cbamben, 120 Adderiey Street, Pbooe 8-708t.

And Yet Another Clash Over

PassesJOHANNESBURG.

Last week-end at Quaggaslaagte, district Ventersdorp, police batons and kieries crashed on the heads of women when the police charged and dispersed a gathering there.

The incident occurred when Con­gress organisers invited by the residents to come to the area en­rolled members by the hundred. The women queued in the rain for membership cards.

The chief came with the police and instructed them to arrest those not residing in the village, and the organisers were also arrested. The women came forward and demanded to be arrested too.

The police made a baton charge. Old and young women fell, say eye­witnesses, and some were badly hurt.

The baton charge failed to inti­midate the people. They regrouped and went from house to house col­lecting defence monies. Thirteen held overnight were released on their own recognisances the follow­ing morning. The police say they are still investigating.

with the demonstrations against the treason arrests, the bus boycott, the June 26 strike, and the struggles agains nursing apartheid, university apartheid and other legislation.

“The people of South Africa responded to the treason arrests by establishing a very broad united front on the practical basis of a practical programme centred upon finding funds for the treason trial and for the welfare of the depen­dants of the accused.

"This united front based on prac­tical resistance to the attacks of the Nationalists is the best way of build­ing a movement which in time will find greater depth in common poli­cies and objectives. It is hoped that the multi-racial conference in De­cember will achieve that.”

In conclusion the report calls upon the branch to make every effort to bring the significance of the treason trial before the people, to create action groups and com­mittees to rally the people on all issues affecting them, to reorganise the freedom volunteers, and to strengthen the trade union move­ment.

“NO” TO PASSESKIMBERLEY.

In several areas in the Kim­berley district the N.A.D, pass issuing teams were given a thorough rebuff when women refused to take passes. In two areas, Majeng and Gong-gong, about thirty miles from Kim­berley, the majority of women spontaneously refused passes. In Majeng only three women took passes.

In both these areas no poli­tical bodies organised the women’s resistance.

The pass issuing team also got a rebuff in a girls’ secon­dary school in Fountain- streams where the girls decided that they would rather go home than take passes.

Threat to Double P.E. Bus Fares

PORT ELIZABETH. The Tramway Company, which

has almost the sole monojwly of the entire road transport services in the Port Elizabeth area, announced recently that it would raise the fares from town to Schauder Town­ship from 4d. to 7d. This township, together with Korsten, which Is now largely a Coloured area after the removal of the Africans to the Site and Service Scheme, has a large Coloured population.

At a protest meeting held last week by S.A.C.P.O., speakers ad­vocated a boycott of the buses if the fares should be raised.

With the memory of the bus boy­cotts early this year still green in their minds the City Councillors expressed strong opposition to any bus increases in the non-European areas.

Among the recommendations made by some of the councillors a re :• An increase in wages to counter

any increase in bus fares.• A general increase on all the

routes to offset any increase on non-European routes.

• Europeans should be encouraged to use buses when they go to work in the main business areas in town.

OFS Conference Condemns

Ethnic GroupingBLOEMFONTEIN.

rp H E annual conference of the Orange Free State A.N.C.,

which was held at the end of last month, was opened by Father Perkins of the Anglican Church, and was representative of all Free State branches.

Main subjects for discussion at the conference were passes for women and ethnic grouping.

"Ethnic grouping serves no good purpose,” read a resolution unani­mously adopted by the conference. “It only leads Africans into tribal fights, such as those which have occurred on the Reef. Ethnic group­ing is brought about by the Govern­ment to further its apartheid policy to which the African people arc totally opposed.”

Other resollitions were passed against the f^ss laws. Group Areas, and all discriminatory laws, and the conference reiterated its foil con­fidence in Chief Luthuli and the National Executive Committee. Sup­port was urged for the Treason Trial Defence Fund and the multi­racial conference which is to take place in December.

All the members of the old pro­vincial executive were unanimously re-elected.

To All SubscribersIf you are having any diffi­culty in receiving your New Age regularly, please commu­nicate with our Cape Town

office immediately.

EMPLOYMENT WANTEDWoman seeks occupation as tea-

maker, general cloakroom super­visor. Contact Mrs. Salmina Tuge, 166, 13th Avenue, Alexander Town­ship, Johannesburg.

WANTEDWanted, Non-European Boot and Shoe repairer. Must be reliable, skilled and experienced. Good wages paid to right man. Apply in writing to Advertiser, c/o New Age, P.O. Box 491, Johannesuburg.

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By Moses Kotaae PRICE 6d. (Postage penny extra)

and

THE LAW AND YOU

explaining your rights ander the Law.

PRICE 1/-N.B.: Stamps in lieu of money should be sent to our Johannes­

burg office.Obtainable at all New Age offices:Cape Town: P.O. Box 436. Johannesburg: P.O. Box 491. Durban: P.O. Box 700.Port Elizabeth: 9 Court Chambert,

129 Adderiey Street

Collection Number: AG2887

Collection Name: Publications, New Age, 1954-1962

PUBLISHER: Publisher: Historical Papers Research Archive, University of the Witwatersrand Location: Johannesburg ©2016

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