WORLD BANK GROUP - · PDF fileWORLD BANK GROUP. WORLD BANK GROUP. LIST OF ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank CEDAW Committee on the Elimination of

WORLD BANK GROUP

WORLD BANK GROUP

LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADB Asian Development Bank

CEDAW Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women

CC Climate Change

CCA Climate Change Adaptation

CCCA Cambodian Climate Change Alliance

CCDM Commune Committee for Disaster Management

CCCN Cambodian Climate Change Network (former NCCN)

CCD Climate Change Department

CCSAP Climate Change Strategy and Act

CIF Climate Investment Funds

CSO Civil Society Organization

CV Climate Variability

DCDM District Committee for Disaster Management

D&D De-concentration and De-centralization (Organic Law)

DoWA Provincial Department of Women’s Affairs

DP Development Partner

DoWRAM Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology

DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

GMAP/G Gender Mainstreaming Action Plan/Group

MP-GCC Master Plan on Gender and Climate Change

MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries

MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance

MoC Ministry of Commerce

MoE Ministry of Education

MoEYS Ministry of Education, Youth, Sports

MoP Ministry of Planning

MoWA Ministry of Women’s Affairs

MoWRAM Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology

NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action

NCCC National Committee on Climate Change

NCDD National Committee for Sub-national Democratic Development

NCDM National Committee for Disaster Management

NGO Non-Government Organization

NIS National Institute of Statistics

NP-SNDD National Programme on Sub National Democratic Development

NSDP National Social Development Plan

SPCR Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience

PCDM Provincial Committee for Disaster Management

PPP Public Private Partnerships

RGC Royal Government of Cambodia

SCF Strategic Climate Fund (CIF)

SNAP Strategic National Action Plan

SPCR Strategic Programme for Climate Resilience

TWG Technical Working Group

UN United Nations

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

WB World Bank

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INDTRODUCTION

1. The Outline of the Master Plan on Gender and Climate Change (MP-GCC) has been developed to serve Ministry of Women’s Affairs (MOWA), line ministries (LMs) and institutions/agencies as the roadmap for mainstreaming gender and climate change in strategic planning, programmes/projects in Cambodia.

2. The MP-GCC provisions with two key frameworks to function simultaneously. The framework-1 synergies with the SPCR activities expected to be implemented by 2018. It is expected that the outline of the MP-GCC will be contributing in gender-responsive improved capacity in integration of resilience into country development strategies, plans, policies etc. It will be resulting to withstand and recover from climate variability and climate change effects in investment programme particularly in the fields of agriculture, water interventions, rural infrastructure, coastal zone, social safety-nets, insurance schemes, etc. placing DRR preventive measures in place. In addition, enhancing integration of learning & knowledge management mechanism will be improving acquaintances with the effect of climate change, climate variability for building climate resilience in Cambodia. The framework-2 of the MP-GCC bears a longer vision. It focuses on gender-responsive policy-strategy reform and development, strengthening institutional capacity on mainstreaming gender and climate change, enabling environment for Public Private Partnerships (PPP); improved and strengthened climate friendly livelihood activities for community based economy particularly for vulnerable people like women, DRR interventions and climate change adaptation and mitigation to ensure low carbon emission. It promotes awareness raising and outreach campaign; knowledge management and networking at national and sub-national levels inking with regional and global networks. It stimulates increased gender-segregated capacity to withstand/recover from climate variability and climate change effects in investment programs/projects, specific priority infrastructures, costal, agricultural, water interventions, social safety-nets, insurance-schemes as well.

3. The advancement of mainstreaming climate change and gender considerations at national level has been making substantial synergies with the progress at global level. The World Conference to Review and Assess the Achievements of the United Nations Decade for Women- Equality, Development and Peace (Nairobi 1985); Earth Summit (Rio, 1992); Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), The World Conference on Disaster Reduction (Hyogo, 2005), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC; the Conference of the Parties (COP), high-level roundtable on “Gender and Climate Change” (New York, 2007); development of the Global Gender and Climate Alliance (GGCA); the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) has continued to promote awareness of the links between gender, disaster and climate change; the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues etc. bear the witness of linkages at global levels.

4. In this connection, the gender consideration has been making significant progress in Cambodia. The Cambodian constitution of 1993 stipulates the equality between women and men; the RGC signed number of international conventions which obliges Cambodia to ensure that women’s rights shall be protected at an internationally guaranteed standard, the RGC hasshown strong commitment to address climate change by ratifying the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1996 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2003; in 1999, MoE created a Climate Change Office, which was elevated to the Department of Climate Change in 2010. In 2006, it established the National Committee on Climate Change (NCCC) comprising high-level representatives from 20 ministries. The

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Prime Minister has been the honorary chair of NCCC since 2009. In October 2006, the Government completed the National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA). In March 2009, the Government launched the Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) for disaster risk reduction (DRR), 2008-2013. The strategic document of MoWA-Neary Rattanak III Five Year Strategic Plan 2009-2013 focuses on five strategic areas: i) Economic Empowerment of Women, ii) Education of Women and Girls, Attitudes and Behavior Change, iii) Legal Protection of Women and Girls, iv) Health and Nutrition of Women and Girls, and HIV/AID, and v) Women in Public Decision-making and Politics, along with a gender mainstreaming program for national policies, reform, programs and sectors and a set of cross-cutting interventions. The Organic Law, adopted by the RGC on 22 May 2008, stipulates the principles of gender equality and women’s rights and empowerment, and promotion of women’s roles, participation and representation in politics and decision-making at the Province and Municipal, District andKhan, and Commune/Sangkat levels; the 10-year, 2010-2019, National Program for Sub-National Democratic Development (NP-SNDD) clearly outlines the gender issues. The Cambodia National Council for Women (CNCW) is the national inter-ministerial council to support the royal government by facilitating, following-up, and evaluating the implementation of national policies, laws, and other regulations in relation to the promotion of women’s status, roles and welfare.

The Technical Working Group on Gender (TWG-G) works within the framework of the Government-Donor Consultative Committee (GDCC) on cross-cutting issues including gender equality, partnership and harmonization, planning and poverty reduction, and de-centralization & de-concentration. At the sub-national level, Women’s and Children’s Consultative Committees (WCCCs) have been established as a sub-national mechanism to promote gender equality and empowering women and children under the jurisdiction of the Provincial and District Councils. Since 1993, the women representatives have been serving in decision making, political and legislative institutions like; women as the National Parliament Members, 7 persons in 1993, 15 persons in 1998, 24 persons in 2003, 26 persons in 2004 while women as the Senate Members, 9 persons for each term in 1999, 2006 and 20121. Women are empowered in the Executive Bodies like; Deputy Prime Minister (one person) since 2008, two women as ministers for each term since 1998, 2003 and 2008; women as the Secretary of State 3 persons in 1998, 9 persons in 2003, 16 persons in 1998; women as the Under Secretary of State 2 persons in 1993, 5 persons in 1998, 11 persons in 2003, 33 persons in 2008. The significant participation of women has been increasing accordingly at commune/Sangkat, district/Khan, and province/municipality levels.

On the other, establishing inter-ministerial working group ‘Gender Mainstreaming Action Groups (GMAG) to mainstream the gender issues into their respective strategies, polices, programs/projects’ and ‘establishment of Gender and Climate Change Committee (GCCC) Working Group in MoWA to take responsibility for technical work, administration, finance, and raise ideas that are relevant to climate change’ heightened the institutional framework for mainstreaming gender and climate change issues in Cambodia. The Ministry of Women’s Affairs (MoWA) plays a critical role in advocating for gender equality and in building capacity of sector ministries and institutions to integrate gender into their respective sectors. It acts as a catalyst and advocates to mainstream gender priorities in planning and operational processes and encourages public institutions, development partners, civil society and the private sector to integrate gender equality into their policies and programmes.

1NIS Cambodia/2012

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MP-GCC DEVELOPMENT PROCESS AND METHODOLOGY

5. The following methodologies have been endeavored for developing this MP-GCC:

Desk review: Focused on the existing policy-strategy, programmes /projects for overall gender mainstreaming and climate change resilience. A list of the studied materials have been listed in the Annex

Meeting with individual professionals and institutions/agencies: The meeting with individual professionals from Government Ministries/institutions, CSOs/ CSO network, DPs, provincial officials etc. has been documented.

Consultative workshops: To validate the findings from desk review, individual and group consultations and further collective inputs; there were two consultative workshops have been conducted. The consultative workshops held on 23-24 April at Phnom Penh that contributed the vision, mission and objectives of the Master plan on gender and climate change; and the workshop held on 12-13 June 2012 at Siem Reap contributed the key inputs for developing the Master plan for gender and climate change.

Received comments from professionals, agencies to update the draft – The draft MP-GCC was updated with the feedback from professional and experts from MoE, MoWA, UNDP and CSOs.

GCCC, MoWA took the lead in preparing the document: GCCC facilitated series of meetings PPCR/SPCR team in preparing and updating the document.

Discussion with UNDP Cambodia country and regional team: The discussions were held three times with UNDP team supporting MoWA in gender policy and strategy development. The UNDP regional gender experts team met the SPCR team at SPCR office discussed the key findings of the Master Plan on Gender and Climate Change.

Discussion with UNDP gender consultant – The SPCR team consulted with gender experts from UNDP three times on the draft at different time;

MoWA collected inputs from line ministries/institutions on the MP-GCC and SPCR updated accordingly.

Final Output review workshop – GCCC presented the MP-GCC in the final output review workshop sometimes in November 2012 and finalized it updating from comments from participants.

Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis 6. In order to substantially enrich the MP-GCC, a SWOT analysis was facilitated with the

representatives from government, development partners, CSOs, academia and research institutions during the workshop held on 12-13 June, 2012 at Siem Reap. There are different types of threats identified. Recommendations were made by the workshop participants for potential solutions/ reduction of those threats. The identified ‘Strength’, ‘Weakness’, ‘Opportunities’ and ‘Threats’ are as below:

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Strength

Institutional supports: Constitution, Law, Decree and Sub-Decree and Prakas;

Policy-strategy supports: Rectangular Strategy, NSDP, CMDG, Disaster Management Systems etc.

Plans, program/project support: decentralization and De-concentration, CCCA, PPCR/SPCR etc.;

Capacity building supports: line ministries, program/projects support government officials in strengthening cooperation, coordination, communication, capacity building related activities

Some budget/fund is provided by Government, Development Partners

Local/traditional knowledge: the local /traditional knowledge, capacity and expertise in ministries

Weakness

Lack of dissemination and information management

Insufficient funding resources Inadequate awareness, capacity,

coordination, networking on climate change and gender mainstreaming issues

Inadequate officers to meet the requirements

Inadequate strategic vision in planning and programming on climate change and gender mainstreaming at sectoral and sub-national and local level on gender-responsive socio-economic development and household women empowerment, crop insurance, micro insurance etc.

Opportunities

Ministries/institutions, agencies, NGOs and Development Partners are working in cooperation and fund support for officers to attend training courses, increase awareness.

Neary Rattanak III (on-going) and Neary Rattanak IV (up-coming)

CEDAW Gender mainstreaming in national

policies, programs and plans. Different programs/projects NAPA

Follow-up projects, CCCA, PPCR and so on supports gender mainstreaming issues

Threats

Floods Potential Solutions

Safe place (evacuation centers)emergency response /aid,

‘flood proof’ crop plantation flood-resilient housing, road and other

infrastructure development networking, coordination and

communication to learn flood- adaptive mechanisms from others

community and institutional capacity building on gender and climate change mainstreaming to reduce the flood risks

Networking and knowledge management mechanism for awareness raising, information dissemination etc.

Drought

drought Early Warning System emergency response /aid ‘drought-proof’ crop plantation networking, coordination and

communication to learn drought-adaptive mechanisms

undertaking irrigation schemes Constructing water reservoirs, water saving,

rain water harvesting and water management etc.

community and institutional capacity

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building on gender and climate change mainstreaming to reduce the drought risks


Storms

storm Early Warning System emergency response /aid Tree-plantation like Ning-Nuong, Croniueu

etc. at household level to weaken/reduce the severity of storm,

Reforestation Emergency response/aid

Biological diseases:

Vaccination Health, hygiene, safe sanitation Institutional and community capacity

building on preparedness against biological hazards like EV71, bird-flu, any epidemic etc.


Forest/bush Fire

Awareness raising Information dissemination community preparedness community ‘first-aid’ preparedness and

ensure available ‘first-aid-kits’

7. Analysis: The identified ‘strengths’ are the part of progresses and achievement of the RGC on gender and climate change mainstreaming in development efforts in Cambodia. It was also identified that the ‘strength’ would be broader and more organized if the GCCC/MoWA could perform more ‘active roles’ in designing the activities rather than a ‘passive role2’ player. The available strength is indeed inadequate in order to address the commitments of the RGC reflected through different strategies and plans.

The ‘weakness’ triggers up when the ‘strength’ is inadequate. The identified ‘weakness’ in information collection, analysis, interpretation; funding; awareness, capacity, coordination, networking etc. on gender and climate change issues make vulnerable people more vulnerable. Poverty particularly for the women headed households; dependent elderly people, disabled, migrants etc. pose people to live at higher risks due to their low adaptive capacity and financial insolvency. Limited funding to design programme/projects to strengthen the institutional capacity and supporting of vulnerable people slow the vulnerability reduction processes of the people at higher risks. Tranquil networking, knowledge management and cross-visiting of relevant project

2 Passive role refers to the role that MoWA officials just participate the sessions/workshop/meeting/training invited by the partner/collaborator institutions/agencies

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sites also contribute in weakening the overall processes. On the other, most of the existing plans and programmes/project are five-year long. As a result, there are narrow interfaces from one phase to the other.

In order to maximize the opportunities, there is a need to build up intense gender-responsive capacity in gender mainstreaming and climate change issues at national sectoraland sub-national levels. The programmes/project developed by government, development partners, civil societies have been expanding the opportunities of the institutions and communities. But limitations of skill human resources, financial resources and technological aspects the opportunities stay far-off and the community withstands with vulnerability.

In regard to ‘threat’ risk reduction; gender-responsive coordination, collaboration, capacity building issues need to be prioritized; reinforcing of policy-strategy, programme/project development, developing Gender Mainstreaming Action Plans (GMAP) for all sectors and institutions need to be prioritized and strengthened. The programmes/projects should be ensured inclusion of the gender and climate components with budgeting and science based adaptations. All programmes/projects should be monitored and evaluated, and justify how the gender-responsive results are contributing in overall vulnerability reduction, rights based socio-economic development approaches. Gender-responsive institutional and community capacity building, coordination and collaboration mechanisms should be put in place for the safeguard of socio-economic progress. DRR responsive GMAPs can be a stronghold for reducing the disaster3 ‘threats’ not only from institutional perceptions but also from vulnerable people and community standpoints. It was also highlighted that SPCR target provinces should establish the preventive measures for DRR. In specific, climate and disaster risk assessment, and developing risk reduction action plans and piloting some options (projects) in the target provinces will be a model to other provinces not only for safer investments but also for strengthening climate and economic development processes in Cambodia.

Vision

8. Enhanced resilience to climate change leading to improved livelihoods, especially for vulnerable people including women, children, disabled and elderly people in Cambodia.

Mission

9. Institutional policy and strategy support the climate change and gender considerations. It empowers and prepares people and community at risks with science-based adaptations to cope with climatic hazards and disasters4, and stimulates safer investments, enhances climate friendly household economy particularly for the most vulnerable people5in Cambodia.

Strategic Objectives

10. The strategic objectives of the Master Plan on Gender and Climate Change (MP-GCC) are as follows:

1) Strengthen policy-strategy: To review, update and develop policy and strategy to mainstream gender and climate change issues at all levels6 in Cambodia

3 Disasters refer to natural disasters like drought, flood etc.; manmade like boarder issues etc.; biological like pandemic etc. 4Disasters refer to natural like drought, flood etc.; manmade like boarder conflict, biological like bird-flu, EV-71, HIV/AIDS etc. 5 Vulnerable people refers to the people particularly women, elderly people, children, disabled, minority and migrants who are at risks due any disasters 6 ‘At all level’ refers to national sectoral, capital/provincial, municipal/district/khan, commune/sangkatlevels;

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2) Gender-responsive institutional capacity building: To strengthen institutional capacity, prepare with science-based adaptations, reduce disaster risks, advocate and promote safer investments, and demonstrate sustainable livelihoods activities for the people living in the areas most affected areas by climate variability and climate change;

3) Gender-responsive Community capacity building: To empower and prepare with science-based adaptations to reduce the impacts of climate change, carry out climate-friendly investments, and work on sustainable livelihoods in the climate-affected communities;

4) Technical and economic empowerment of vulnerable people: To empower vulnerable people to improve their skills in DRR and endow with economical activities for their safer and persistent life;

5) Primary health and first-aid: To create awareness on primary health and first-aid for the highly vulnerable people in order to reduce health-risks and promote safer family-heal that the community levels;

6) Security and insurance: To introduce micro insurance, crop insurance, health insurance facility for the highly vulnerable households to reduce their economic dependency from high interest money lenders

7) Piloting projects for demonstrations: To pilot projects to demonstrate how the gender-responsive to climate change leading to improved livelihoods work for the vulnerable groups including women, children, and elderly people in Cambodia

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ON GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE 11. The existing institutional mechanisms for gender, DRR and climate change mainstreaming are as

follows:

The active GMAG at national (GMAG) and provincial level (PGMAG) have been working since it was

incepted. The GCCC at national level has been working effectively but it does not exists yet at

Figure 1: Existing Institutional Framework on Gender and Climate Change in Cambodia

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provincial and district level but the Climate Change and Gender Committee (CCGC) is functioning at

local levels.

FRAMEWORK-1(2013-2018) Key activities

1.1 Review policy-strategy to find out linkages, and develop gender action plan for SPCR to effectively integrate gender concerns in formulation and implementation of climate resilience measures;

1.2 Review, design and implementation of gender-responsive training and knowledge sharing activities, and benefits and provide guidance how it should be improved;

1.3 Design strategies to ensure participation of women in implementation of investment projects, projects supported through civil society support mechanism and NAPA projectand others projects/programs related to climate change;

1.4 Assist in prioritizing and implementing gender-equitable adaptation measures

1.5 Assist in implementation of training and knowledge sharing activities and ensure women’s broad participation though actual training set-up and arrangements;

1.6 Coordinate with other stakeholders in identifying areas where gender and social inclusive provisions can be strengthened

1.7 Strengthen networking and knowledge management mechanisms for promoting gender and climate change mainstreaming, economic development and social-safe guard activities

FRAMEWORK-2: To Achieve by 2022 Design

Summary Performance Targets

/Indicators Source of

Verification Assumptions and

Risks Impact Strengthened resilience to climate change and DRR that contributes in improved livelihoods, especially for vulnerable groups including women and disadvantage groups

By 2022 at least 20% household reduced their economic losses from natural disasters; at least 30% people are aware on biological hazards like bird-flu (pandemic)

MoWA, NCDM and Local Authority, CSOs and DPs

Assumption Government

remains committed to integrating climate change concerns into development planning, and provides personnel and resources.

Risk Adequate funding

to undertake the planned activities

Outcome Established and sustained institutional and technical capacity

By 2022:The framework-1 has been addressed;

Government policy and development plans documents,

Assumption National and local

government units and user

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to integrate adaptation concerns into development plans and programs

Improved coordination mechanism for climate resilience established among key sectors Climate and disaster risk reduction measures in place Institutional capacity strengthened Vulnerable people particularly women and children have their climate friendly economic activities and increased economic solvency Networking and knowledge management mechanism established and maintained

Project reports, CSOs and DPs

communities support climate change risk management tools and measures.

Risks Inadequate

funding, skill human resources, gender-responsive policies, programs and projects

Outputs

1. Gender-responsive coordination, technical support and capacity to mainstream gender and climate resilience into development planning strengthened

Empowered GCCC for coordination in collaboration with MOE by 2013

GCCC coordinate with SPCR and monitor & evaluate the Gender inclusive results in the seven SPCR investments developed by 2013

GCCC improved technical capacity to prepare adaptation plans by 2014

GCCC empowered PDoWA and sub-national gender focal points with ToT manual to support local communities on adaptations on the impact of climate variability and climate change to prepare their

MoWA, PDoWA, CSO, DPs, and progress reports

Minutes and progress reports

Assumptions Staff members are

available and interested in training

Strong cooperation and coordination between relevant government agencies and MOE

High quality consultants, research teams and participating CSOs are selected on time

Data availability is sufficient for tools developed

Risks: Inadequate level

of expertise or human resources within the

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gender-responsive climate and disaster risk reduction action plans

(2012 baseline = 0)

Disaster and Climate risk management integrated into manuals, guidelines and infrastructure design standards in MoWA by 2017

Vulnerable people particularly women, children, disabled and dependent elderly people have their sustainable and climate friendly economic activities

government to participate in and contribute to activities

Limited communication among stakeholders

Poor participation from government and community levels

Staff turnover in the

government

Risk reduction measures: Enhanced

coordination between MoWA , MOE and DPs

GCCC and SPCR coordination

2. GCCC and CSOs/CSO Network established, and improved capacity to mainstream adaptation/ mitigation and disaster risk reduction (DRR) into their operations strengthened

Framework for community-based

GCCC developed climate resilience and DRR projects by 2013



3. IEC materials/ Climate change adaptation knowledge products developed and disseminated

GCCC website developed and maintained for information dissemination by 2014

30 officials from GCCC and PDoWA are trained in adaptation by 2017

MoWA use public media to create awareness on gender –responsive issues and disseminate information with CSOs/Network effectively by 2015

GCCC published at least 3 new articles on gender



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mainstreaming, adaptation and DRR and posted in Cambodian and global web portals by 2017

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References: PPCR Cambodia – Civil Society Engagement-2010 Pilot Program on Climate Resilience Cambodia, Consultancy Report - Civil Society Engagement August-September 2010, World Bank Cambodia Country Office; Asian Development Bank, March 2012, Preliminary Damage and Loss Assessment; Flood Damage Emergency Reconstruction Project (RRP CAM 46009); http://www2.adb.org/Documents/RRPs/CAM/46009/46009-001-cam-oth-01.pdf MoWA 2009: Neary Rattanak III –September 2009 Five Year Strategic Plan 2009 – 2013, Ministry of Women’s Affairs, The Royal Government of Cambodia.

MoWA; A Five-Year Strategic Plan; 2010 – 2014, Cambodian National Council for Women; Ministry of Women’s Affairs, The Royal Government of Cambodia. ADB; July 2012: Capacity Development Technical Assistance (CDTA); 45283-001: Mainstreaming Climate Resilience into Development Planning; http://www.adb.org/projects/45283-001/main

CIF; 2011: Climate Investment Funds, Strategic Program for Climate Resilience Cambodia, Meeting of the PPCR Sub-Committee Cape Town, South Africa June 28 and 29, 2011. http://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/cifnet/?q=country-program-info/cambodias-ppcr-programming.

MoE, Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) Phase I CAMBODIA Climate Investment Funds (CIF) Grant No. TF097459 Proposal for PPCR Project Extension From 1 1st of February 2012 to 31st of January 2013 Hunt J. and Kheng S. February 2006; Gender Equality Results in ADB Projects Cambodia Country Report; Gender, Social Development, and Civil Society Division Regional and Sustainable Development Department, Asian Development Bank ; Ministry of Women’s Affairs, The Royal Government of Cambodia, April 2006; GENDER MAINSTREAMING ACTION PLAN; 2006-2007 MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower women; Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005 and in tertiary education by no later than 2015; http://www.unfpa.org.br/lacodm/arquivos/mdg3.pdf

RESOURCE GUIDE ON; 2009 , GGCA ; GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE United Nations Development Programme; http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/womens-empowerment/resource- guide-on-gender-and-climate-change.html United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR); 2007 Good Practices and Lessons Learned Asia and the Pacific Human Development Report ; Power, Voice and Rights, A Turning Point for Gender

Equality; in Asia and the Pacific; United Nations Development Progromme; http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2011/download/

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Mekong River Commission. 2009. Adaptation to Climate Change in the Countries of the Lower Mekong Basin: Regional Synthesis Report. Technical Paper No, 24. Vientiane: MRC.

Ministry of Environment. 2006. National Adaptation Program of Action to Climate Change (NAPA). Royal Government of Cambodia. Phnom Penh: MOE.

MOE and UNDP. 2011. Cambodia Human Development Report 2011 Building Resilience: The Future of Rural Livelihoods in the Face of Climate Change, Ministry of Environment of Cambodia and UNDP Cambodia

MOE. 2005. Analysis of Policies to Address Climate Impacts in Cambodia – Final Draft. Ministry of Environment, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

PPCR Cambodia. 2009. Aide Memoire Cambodia: Joint Mission for the Pilot Program on Climate Resilience (PPCR) October 12 to 22, 2009, Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) of the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC), the ADB, IFC and World Bank with participation from UNDP and DFID

UNDP. 2010. Second National Communication - Enabling Activities for the Preparation of the Kingdom of Cambodia’s Second National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Fact Sheet (Project #00044653), United Nations Development Program Cambodia Office, Phnom Penh.

UNDP-GEF: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger - from Climate Change; Issue No.1: Safeguarding MDG 1 Millennium Development Goals and Climate Change Adaptation; The Contribution of UNDP- GEF Adaptation Initiatives Toward MDG1

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Mr. Tonn Kunthel, Project Manager, Save Cambodia’s Wildlife; Ms. Aun Livina, Executive Director, Save the Earth Cambodia; and Ms. Lay Sophea, Integrated Community Development Programme Manager, Development and Partnership in Action (DPA)

International NGOs:

Ms. Nicole J. Sayres, Deputy Country Representative, Asia Foundation; Ms. MoulSamneang, Senior Programme Officer, Asia Foundation; Ms. Praiva (Maew) Limpanboon, Senior Programme Officer, Asia Foundation; Ms. Mona Laczo, Country Director, Oxfam Cambodia, and Board Member of NCCN; Ms. Annaka P. Carvalho, Regional Programme Coordinator, Oxfam America; Annaka Pcanano, Programme Coordinator; Oxfam; Ms. Phean Sophoan, Regional Policy Advisor, East Asia Regional Office, Oxfam America; Dale Marshall, Adviser, Oxfam; Ms. Sou Socheata, Officer, Oxfam America; Mr. Nob Polin, Advocacy and Capacity Building Officer, DCA/CA; Meas Chanthy, Manager GRET; Mr. Peter King, Team Leader, USAID; Mr. Soun Pheakdey, Coordinator, IUCN; Ly Sereyrith, Advisor, SNV Cambodia; Ms. Seng Sothira, Officer, Forum Syd; Angkeara Bong, Coordinator, WWF; Ms. Annie Nut, Country Director, Help Age International,

Academia and Research institutions:

Mr. Meak Kamerane, Faculty of Science, Dean, Royal University of Phnom Penh; Prof. Dr. Tapas Ranjan Dash, Senior Vice President, Build Bright University; Mr. In Virachey, Vice President, Build Bright University; Mr. Lak Bophasovann, Chief FYO, Build Bright University; Dr. Pahlaj K. Moolio, Professor, Pannasastra University of Cambodia; Mr. Sovann Chansopheaktra, Lecturer, Royal University of Phnom Penh; Mr. SouPhalla, Dean, National University of Management; Mr. Nang Phirun, Associate Researchers, Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI);

Private Sector:

Mr. Neav Sokun, Sathapana Manager; Mr. Nou Kimsan, Director of Rice Mill Association, Phteah Prey, Pursat; Mr. Chhem Rem, Office Manager, CAMINCO; Mr. Meas Chanthy, GRET Manager; Mr. NhepSina, Chamber of Commerce; Mr. Sim Rasy, Chamber of Commerce, Mr. KaVannara, Chamber of Commerce; Mr. Chhoeung Bunharm, Chamber of Commerce;

Public Media:

Mr. Pal Song, Reporter, SEA Radio; and Mr. Vang Pheakdey, Reporter, Khmer Institute.