Document of

The World Bank

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Report No. 11968

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT

REPUBLIC OF CHAD

ROAD RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT(CREDIT 1901-CD)

JUNE 10, 1993

Infrastructure Operations DivisionCountry Department VAfrica Region

This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance oftheir official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

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CURRENCYEOIALENTS

Currency Unit CFA FrancUS$1 (1988) CFAF 280 *US$ 1989 CFAF 319US$ 1990 CFAF 272US$ 1991 CFAF 303

* rate used in SAR

FISCAL YEAR

January 1 - December 31

SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES: METRIC

1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft)i kilometer (kim) = 0.62 mile (mi)i square kilometer(km2) = 0.39 square mile (mi2)1 metric ton (t) = 2.205 pounds (Ibs)

BBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

DTP - Directorate of Public WorksEDF - European Development FundFAC - French Aid AgencyLNBTP - National Laboratory of Public Works and HousingMRP - Memorandum and Report of the PresidentMTCA - Ministry of Transport and Civil AviationMTPHU - Ministry of Public Works, Housing and Urban DevelopmentOFCA - Office National des CarrieresOFNAR - Office National des RoutesSAR - Staff Appraisal ReportUNDP - United Nations Development ProgramUSAID - United States Agency for International Developmentvpd - vehicles per day

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

THE WORLD BANKWashington, D.C. 20433

U.S.A.

Office of Director-GeneralOperations Evaluation

June 10, 1993

MEMORANDUM TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS AND THE PRESIDENT

SUBJECT: Project Completion Report on ChadRoad Reconstruction Proiect (Credit 1901-CD)

Attached is the "Project Completion Report on Chad -- RoadReconstruction Project (Credit 1901-CD)". Part II contains the Borrower'sobservations. The Credit (SDR 34.4 million; US$47.0 million equivalent) wasapproved in April 1988, and the Project was completed, with one and a half year'sdelay, in December 1991.

The Project aimed to finance the reconstruction of two road sections(with a combined length of 176 km) that were identified under the 1986 HighwayMaintenance Project, and to reduce future maintenance and transport costs. InNovember 1988, USAID provided a US$5.5 million grant with the understanding thatthe project would incorporate a 66 km road which had been designed with USAIDfinancing.

The PCR describes how the project strengthened road rehabilitationand maintenance capacity, how it contributed to the preparation of acomprehensive Transport Sector Adjustment/Investment Project; and how it isgenerating a sustainable flow of benefits.

The Project is rated as satisfactory and its sustainability aslikely. However, information is not sufficient to make a judgment concerning theproject's contribution to institutional development.

The project may be audited along with the Highway Maintenance Project(Credit 1728-CD).

This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients onLy in the performance oftheir official duties. its contents may not otherwise be discLosed without WorLd Bank authorization.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

REPUBLIC OF CHADPROJECT COMPLETION REPORTROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

CREDIT 1901-CD

Table of Contents

PREFACE ....................................................... i

EVALUATION SUMMLARY ........................................... ii

PART I. PROJECT REVIEW FROM BANK'S PERSPECTIVEE.

A. Project Identityt.B. Project Background ....................................... 1C. Project Objectives and Description ............................. 2F. Project Results .......................................... 5G. Project Sustainability ...................................... 5H. IDA Performance ........................................ 5I. Borrower Performance ..................................... 6L. Project Documentation ..................................... 6

PART H. PROJECT REVIEW FROM BORROWER'S PERSPECTIVE. ............ 7

PART III. STATISTCAL INFORMATION ............................... 9

A. Related Bank Loans and Credits ........................ 9 B. Project Timetable ......................... 10C. Credit Data ............................................ 11

(i) Credit Disbursements ................................. 11(ii) Allocation of Credit Proceeds ............................ 12

D. Project Costs and Financing .............. .. .................. 13(i) Project Cost Estimates ................................ 13(ii) A. Financing Plan at Appraisal al ...................... 13

B. Financing Plan during Execution ..................... 13E. Compliance with Credit Covenants ........... .................. 14F. Use of IDA Resources ..................................... 15

(i) Staff Inputs by Stage of Project Cycle in Staff Weeks ............. 15(ii) Mission Data ...................................... 15

This document has restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performanceof their oMcial duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORTREPUBIUC OF CHAD

ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTCREDIT 1901-CD

PREFACE

i. This is the Project Completion Report (PCR) for the Road Reconstruction Project forwhich Credit 1901-CD in the amount of SDR 34.4 million (US$47.0 million equivalent) was approvedon April 26, 1988. The final disbursement was made on November 18, 1991 and the undisbursed balanceof SDR 17.93 was canceled.

ii. The PCR was prepared by the Infrastructure Operations Division of the SahelianDepartment, Africa Regional Office. The PCR was based on the Memorandum and Recommendationsof the President (MRP), the Staff Appraisal Report, the Credit Agreement, supervision reports, thecorrespondence files and interviews with IDA staff. The Government telexed its comments to the Bankon October 23, 1991; they are included in Part II of this report.

iii. Shortly after the Credit became effective, the United States Agency for InternationalDevelopment (USAID) participated in the project through a Grant to the Borrower of US$5.5 million tofinance the construction of the Project roads, including one additional road. IDA acted as anAdministrator of Funds on behalf of USAID. The USAID Grant Agreement between the Republic ofChad and IDA was signed on March 21, 1989, and was fully disbursed. The last disbursement was madeon July 18, 1991.

ii

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORTREPUBLIC OF CHAD

ROAD RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTCREDIT 1901-CD

EVALUATION SUMMARY

Objectives

i. The objectives of the Project were: (a) to ensure timely completion of the agreed highpriority program by reconstructing two formerly paved roads to re-establish urgently needed all-weatheraccess and unimpeded flow of goods and passengers on the main North-South corridor of the country'sroad network; and (b) to reduce substantially future maintenance and transport costs (para. S).

Im=lementation Expeiec

ii. The Project was prepared under Credit 1728-CD, which was a two year emergency roadrehabilitation program to reconstruct 2000 Ikm of high priority roads. Because of the higher thananticipated cost of the program, IDA contemplated a supplementary Credit to cover the cost of the Projectroads but later decided to include them in a separate project financed by Credit 1901-CD (paras. 7 and8).

iW. The Credit Agreement was subsequently amended to include the rehabilitation of a thirdroad the financing of which was provided by USAID (para. 14).

iv. Procurement was carefully supervised by the Bank. On April 24, 1988 a contract wasawarded for the entire reconstruction work to one contractor; however, a contract was not signed untilNovember 12 because of the delay in effectiveness of the Credit (paras. 15-16).

v. Project works were satisfactorily completed by the end of 1991, one year later thanforecasted at appraisal (para. 18).

Resullts

vi. The Highway Maintenance Project (Credit 1728-CD) and the subject Project weredesigned to help the Government carry out its post-war reconstruction effort and strengthen its roadrehabilitation and maintenance capability. While focused on short-term needs, the two projects alsoprovided the Government and the Association with an opporunity to prepare a comprehensive TransportSector Adjustment/Investment Project consisting of an investment plan for the period 1988-93 and apackage of major policy reforms. Execution is progressing well and the project is about 30 percentcompleted (para. 23).

vii. The combined economic rate of return (ERR) of the two roads is 20 percent as comparedto the appraisal estimate of 42 percent (para. 25).

iii

Sustainabilitv

viii. The project is considered sustainable (para. 27).

Findings and Lessons Learned

ix. Given the difficulty of estimating costs, and Chad's precarious financial situation, delayingthe presentation of the Credit to IDA's Board until bids had been opened and costs re-evaluated was asound procedure (para. 10).

x. The condition that the only quarry available to the project be placed under private controlwas a wise move, given its low productivity under Government management (para. 11).

xi. The Project, along with Credit 1728-CD, gave IDA the opportunity to prepare a detailedstrategy for the transport sector which formed the basis of a follow-on project (paras. 23 and 30).

xii. As the Project was an extension of the on-going road rehabilitation works started underCredit 1728-CD, the lessons learned on this project were applicable to the subject Project. Both projectsdemonstrated that multi-component road projects can be successfully executed by a relativelyinexperienced but cooperative Borrower, if they were well prepared and closely monitored (para. 28).

xiii. The Project (as well as Credit 1728-CD) was closely coordinated with other donors, bothin Chad and at donor headquarters, by IDA supervision staff (para. 29).

REPUBLIC OF CHADROAD RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT

CREDIT 1901-CDPROJECT COMPLETION REPORT

PART I. PROJECT REVIEW FROM BANK'S PERSPECTIVE

A. Project Identity

Name: Road Reconstruction ProjectCredit Number: Credit 1901-CDRVP Unit: Africa, Sahelian Department,

Infrastructure Operations DivisionCountry: Republic of ChadSector: Transportation

B. Project Background

1. As a result of the 1979-1982 civil war, most of Chad's small classified road network of 7300 kmsuffered severe deterioration through lack of maintenance. The collapse of the road network resulted inthe complete isolation of economically important regions during the wet season and rapidly increasingtransport costs during the dry season when road access was possible. As political stability was restoredand economic activity began to resume, the lack of good roads became an obstacle to redevelopment ofagricultural and commercial activity countrywide.

2. At a Round Table Conference in 1985 sponsored by the United Nations Development Program(UNDP), the donor community pledged support for the implementation of a first coordinated programof rehabilitation works on about 2000 km of Chad's 3800 km priority road network. According to initialschedules, this emergency program, which included an IDA financed Highway Maintenance Project(Credit 1728-CD, July 29, 1986, US$20.0 million equivalent), was expected to be completed by the endof 1988. All roads included in the emergency program were to be rehabilitated to gravel road standard.As work progressed, it became evident that preparatory studies had underestimated both the cost ofreconstruction and the level and composition of traffic, of which about 50 percent were heavy trucks.The results were excessively high maintenance needs on some of the roads rehabilitated earlier, and acutback on the overall programmed mileage to be rehabilitated.

3. Two important trunk roads that were part of the pre-war 300 Ikm paved road system werecritically affected by the above problems. The N'Djamena-Djermaya road (30 kIm) was a key link in thecountry's northern road system. It was among the first sections to be rehabilitated to gravel roadstandards with French Government Aid Agency (FAC) financing in 1985. However, it had deterioratedrapidly again, due mainly to the heavy traffic and poor soil conditions. The second link connectsN'Djamena to Guelengdeng (146 km), which was the first leg of the N'Djamena-Guelengdeng-Sarh axis(535 km) connecting the capital with the centers of industrial and agricultura production in the southernzone. This section was expected to be reconstructed to gravel road standards as part of the N'Djamena-Guelengdeng-Sarh project funded (8.8 million ECU's) by the European Development Fund (EDF).Higher than anticipated reconstruction costs limited rehabilitation to the Guelengdeng-Sarh section,leaving the most heavily travelled portion of the road in such a seriously deteriorated state that even

2

intensive maintenance efforts ensured at best difficult travel conditions in the dry season. Both roadswere so broken up that it was frequently necessary for traffic to leave the roadway and drive on theshoulders or in the ditches or alternatively, to undertake lengthy and costly detours.

4. According to the Memorandum and Report of the President (MP), the Project would completerehabilitation of the 2000 km of high priority roads identified by Government and the donor communityas essential for the resumption of normal economic activity. It would also complement IDA's ongoingHighway Maintenance Project (para 2). This project had been designed as a short term emergencyproject to strengthen weak sector institutions, particularly those dealing with road maintenance. Theproject was satisfactorily completed in 1990 and is the subject of a PCR scheduled to be submitted toOED by the end of 1991.

C. Project Objectives and Description

5. prjec Obiectives. The specific objectives of the project were:

(a) to ensure timely completion of the agreed high priority program by reconstructing twoformerly paved roads to re-establish urgently needed all-weather access and unimpededflow of goods and passengers on the main north-outh corridor of thecountry's road network; and

(b) to reduce substantially future maintenance and transport costs.

6. Proiect Descption. The project provided financial asistance for:

(a) the reconstruction to paved standards of the N'Djamena-Djermaya road (30 kIm) and theN'Djamena-Guelengdeng road (146 kim); and

(b) consultant services to supervise the civil works.

D. Project Design and Ornization

7. The preliminary studies and detailed engineering of the two project roads were financed underCredit 1728-CD. The geology of Chad makes seection of basic standards for road constructionparticularly difficult as the country is flat and a large part of its area is exposed to frequent flooding. Inthe south, the frequent and heavy rains entailed costly drainage systems, as well as the changinghydrology of the Chari and Beoue rivers and Lake Chad. Lateritic soils suitable for road reconstructionare found only in the south and east of the country. Even with generally low volumes of traffic, heavyvehicles made up a sizable proportion and were commonly overloaded, which hastened road deterioration.

8. In order to asses the standards to be adopted for road construction and mainternace under suchunfavorable road conditions, a specific study under Credit 1728-CD was made to determine the designstandards that would ensure all-weather trafficability while keeping maintenance costs within reasonablelimits. The detailed engineering of both N'Djamena-Djermaya and N'Djamena-Guelengdeng roads werecarried out in accordance with the recommendations of the design standards study. At one time, IDAconsidered a supplement to Credit 1728-D as a means of financing the construction of the two roads.

3

However, in view of the time needed to carry out the detailed engineering, it was finally decided toprepare a separate project '. ..

9. Both roads were located in a region of silty soil, where the soil studies showed that gravelsurfaces were not appropriate because the rains caused leaching and subsequent washout of the road bed,which necessitated extensive rehabilitation or reconstruction after each rainy season. It was concludedthat the roads should be paved and built on the existing alignments which were adequate. As these werein flat to rolling terrain, only limited earthworks were required, and no major bridges were needed.

10. Both the study and the detailed engineering were financed under Credit 1728-CD. Completionof detailed engineering was a condition of negotiations of the Project. In October 1987, a pre-appraisalmission went to Chad to expedite the processing of bidding and award of a contract for the detailedengineering. Given the uncertainty over costs because of the infant natlure of the local constructionindustry, doubts over the interest of outside bidders, and the severe financial constraints of theGovernment, IDA held up presentation of the Project to the Board until bids from prequalified contractorshad been evaluated and contractor selection was underway.

11. The only quarry where adequate road material was available was located at Mani 93 km northof N'Djamena. In 1988 this quarry was operated by an autonomous public agency Office National desCarribres (OFCA) and its productivity was low. The sector strategy adopted by the Government inFebruary 1988 included the privatization of OFCA. Because efficient quarry opention was essential toensure timely availability of least cost materials for road construction, a condition of credit effectivenesswas that the Government enter into satisfactory arrangements with one or several private partners tooperate the Mani quarry. This condition delayed effectiveness of the Credit, but was an appropriaterequirement under the circumstances.

12. The organization of the Project was relatively simple. The civil works was carried out undercontracts awarded through ICB, and execution was supervised by the same consultants who carried outthe design. The Project, as was the case for the on-going project financed under Credit 1728-CD, wasdesigned to complement the efforts of other donors in the sector including the European DevelopmentFund (EDF), FAC, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Republic of WestGermany and Italy.

E. Project ImDlementation

13. Credit Effetveness. Credit 1901-CD was appraised in July 1987, negotiated in Chad Febniary3-5, 1988, approved on April 26, signed on July 5, and became effective on November 4, 1988. TheRegion proposed that IDA finance 100 percent of the costs of the Project in view of the serious financialconstraints being experienced by Chad. However senior management believed that in line with Bankpolicy, Chad should make some contribution up to a minimum of 5 percent of the total cost. Thefinancing plan was accordingly revised to include Government financing of US$2.5 million. The Projectwas executed under the responsibility of the Directorate of Public Works (DTP).

I See PCR for Credit 1728-CD, para. 18.

p 4

14. In November 1988, USAID and IDA signed an agreement whereby USAID provides IDA witha Grant of US$5.6 million to be used to reconstruct the project roads. A condition of the Grant was theinclusion of the gravel surfaced Djermaya-Dandi road (66 km), which had already been designed withUSAID financing, as part of the Project. IDA was authorized by USAID to administer the Grant. Thisarrangement was confirmed in a USAID Grant Agreement signed on March 21, 1989 by USAID andIDA, in which the Djermaya-Dandi road was added to the Project description as Part C of Schedule 2of the Credit Agreement. The Agreement for Credit 1901-CD was accordingly amended as of April 7,1989.

15. Procurement. Bank procurement procedures were followed in selecting a contractor for the fourlots (one of the two IDA financed roads was divided into 2 lots) of civil works including the USAIDfinanced road. Ten contractors were qualified out of twenty-five candidates as having the financialcapacity, experienced staff and specialized equipment to carry out the combined work 2. Followingprequalifications, bidders were asked to bid on two basic but equal technical designs relating to the typeof road base and surface. After bid analysis, the Government recommended an award that would haveshared the work between the two lowest bidders with one following the first design for lots 1 and 2 anda second contractor following the second design for lots 3 and 4. However, the Association concludedthat bids had been called for two equal solutions, and thus the contractor submitting the lowest total bidshould be awarded the contract 3. After some delay, the Association's proposal was accepted by theGovernment.

16. The lowest evaluated bidder was awarded the contract for the civil works on April 24, 1988.However, the contract was not signed until November 12, 1988, a few days after the Credit becameeffective. Mobilization of the contractor was delayed because of difficulties in obtaining customsclearances of the contractor's equipment into Chad and delays in obtaining bitumin through Nigeria.These were resolved and work got underway on April 12, 1989. The same consultant who carried outthe design, was awarded a contract for supervision. The National Laboratory of Public Works andHousing (NNBTB), which has been established under Credit 1728-CD, assisted the consultants. TwoChad engineers were assigned as counterparts to be trained by the supervision team and gain on-the-jobexperience.

17. Execution. The original design of the Djermaya-Dandi road called for a gravel surface.However, after further soils studies, it was agreed by IDA and the Borrower that in view of the poor roadbase materials available, the road should be paved with a single surface dressing. The contract wasaccordingly arnended. In view of the extra cost of the paved surface, IDA agreed to finance it withsurplus funds available in Credits 1901-CD and 2007-CD.

18. By January 1990, work was progressing satisfactorily and about one-third of the contract had beencompleted. By mid 1990, about 50 percent of the work had been completed and the Project was expectedto be completed by February 1991. Construction was delayed by a few months because of a coup inDecember 1990. The work was completed near the end of 1991, 18 months later than forecasted atappraisal because of additional works completed within the framework of the appraisal cost estimate.

2 Office memorandum dated March 21, 1988.

3 Office memorandum dated April 19, 1988.

5

19. Disbursements, The estimated and actual disbursements of the Credit are shown in Table C(i).

20. Credit Allocatin. The original and actual credit allocations are shown in Table C(ii).

21. Project Costs, 'he Project was completed within the original cost estimate as shown in TableD.

F. Project ResultL

22. The Project was an extension of the Highway Maintenance Project (Credit 1728-CD). It wasnecessitated by the more rapid deterioration of the high priority road network due to heavier truck trafficthan originally anticipated, thus raising the costs substantially of Chad's road reconstruction effortfollowing the war.

23. The Highway Maintenance Project and the Road Reconstruction Project were designed to helpthe Government carry out its post-war reconstruction effort and strengthen its road rehabilitation andmaintenance capability. While focused on short-term needs, these two projects also provided theGovernment and the Association with an opportunity to discuss major policy issues and longer-termoptions, which in turn led to the preparation of a comprehensive Transport Sector Adjustment/InvestmentProject (TSAID) consisting of an investment plan for the period 1988-93 and a package of major policyreforms. This strategy focuses on completing the rehabilitation and securing the maintenance of thepriority road network, strengthening the planning and management capacity of sector institutions,improving road maintenance financing, promoting private participation in the sector, and liberalizing roadtransport activities. This project (Credit 2007-CD, US$60.0 million equivalent, June 21, 1989) is about70 percent completed. Execution is progressing well.

24. Economic Results. The Project represented a continuation of Chad's post-war reconstructioneffort began under Credit 1728-CD by providing for the rehabilitation of three important roads.

25. The combined economic rate of return (ERR) of the two original roads in the project was 42percent. Following completion of the two roads, the re-evaluated ERR was 20 percent according to theconsultants. Traffic on the N'Djamena road has risen from 150 vehides/day (vpd) in 1987 to 380 vpdin 1991. On the N'Djamena-Guelengdeng road section, traffic rose only from 120 vpd to 151 vpd in1991, because of the poor state of the Guelengdeng-Sarb and Guelengdeng-Moundou roads. While thelatter two roads are regularly maintained to earth road standards, they have somewhat restricted thedevelopment of traffic on the project roads.

26. As the Djermaya-Dandi Road was added to the Project l it was appraised (pra 14) noestimate of its ERR at the time of preparation is available. However, it served as the northern extensionof two IDA financed roads. It provided access to the Mani quarry through a potentially productive regionto the shores of Lake Chad.

G. Project Sustainabiliq

27. The project would appear to be sustainable given the good progress being made on the follow-upproject which is concentrated on insuring adequate maintenance of the priority road network (para. 23).

6

H. IDA Pefrman

28. IDA performed well in broadening the coverage of the rehabilitation works under Credit 1728-CD, when it became evident that this project could not finance all the roads in the high priority program.Nevertheless, the additional roads were studied and designed under Credit 1728-CD. Thus, they werereadily incorporated in the follow-on road reconstruction project so that the two projects werecomplementary. Both projects demonstrated that multi-component road projects can be successfullyexecuted by a relatively inexperienced but cooperative Borrower, if they are well prepared and closelysupervised. Use of IDA resources is given in Table F. The goal of both projects to strengthen Chad'sroad rehabilitation and maintenance capability was achieved.

29. The close coordination with other donors, both in Chad and at donor headquarters, initiated byIDA under Credit 1728-CD continued under the present Project.

30. Procurement under the Project was satisfactorily carried out and construction was adequatelysupervised by IDA staff familiar with both 1728-CD and 1901-CD. While these projects were underwayas an emergency post-war reconstruction effort, IDA took the opportunity to prepare a longer termcomprehensive Strategy Paper as outlined in para 23. Works outlined in this Paper formed the basis forthe on-going project being carried out under Credit 2007-CD.

I. Borrower Performance

31. Borrower performance, which was good under Credit 1728-CD, continued to be satisfactoryunder the Project. The annual audits revealed that the project accounts were generally satisfactory.

L. Project Documentation

32. The Project is well documented in the MRP, the SAR and the Credit Agreement. However, thecorrespondence files do not contain a Project Brief, Issues Paper or Decision Memorandum. The Projectwas originally considered for financing as a supplement to Credit 1728-CD and processed a such up tothe RVP level including a 'Draft Memo for the President to the Board of Execudve Directors". Thusit was not considered necessary to repeat the preparatory stages which had already been covered in thedocumentation of Credit 1728-CD '. The Project correspondence fias contain a substandal number ofmisfiled documents relating to the preparation and execution of Credit 2007-CD, a follow-on project.

' Report and Memorandum of the President for Credit 2007-CD dated March 30, 1989, para. 94.

7

PART II. PRQJECT REVIEW FROM BORROWER'S PERSPECTIVE

Performance of the Bank

,,essons learned

1. This being the first large investment credit for road infrastructure in over ten years, we think thatthe Bank's support, through all staff having participated in the Project, was particularly efficient andbeneficial.

2. From identification through completion of the Project, which formed an essential component ofthe emergency program of 1986, IDA's professional staff facilitated the Project's smooth execution,through their attitude of openness and dialogue, and through their experience and technical competence.

3. As the Project dealt with large infrastructure workcs, the quarterly supervision missions allowedus to resolve numerous important technical problems. In this context, we consider this frequencyparticularly well suited.

Performance of the Borrower

4. Following the restructuring undertaken upon the advice and support of IDA, we think that theactions taken, in concertation with Bank staff, were appropriate, and, when necessary, allowed us toadopt adequate arrangements conforming to the Project's objectives.

5. In this context, the services provided by consultants, who, while efficiently assuring theirsurveillance of the works, allowed us to improve the technical level of our staff, particularly that of theyounger civil servants, through the training they bestowed. This partnership between international andlocal staff must be continued and amplified so that younger staff may become capable of assuming theadministrative and technical responsibilities which must be given them.

6. The technical and financial management of the credit benefitted from experience acquired duringthe execution of the Road Maintenance Project (Cr. 1728-CD). In particular, our technical services'better Inowledge of Bank procedures enhanced our efficiency. From our point of view, it is desirablethat our higher level civil servants pursue their training in order to know better their IDA ceunterparts,as much technical u financial, so as to always know how to cope with the many constraints nd technicalor financial obligations they are facing.

Relations with the Bank

7. The coordination and cooperation between the Chadian and Bank staff were excellent throughoutthe life of the Project.

8. The advice and support given by the Bank allowed all Project components to progress well andinstituted a constructive and understanding dialogue between the two parties.

8

9. The diaogue and frequent exchanges of view were, to us, one of the dominating factors inattaining all the objectvs of,the Project.

Performance of Cofinancders

10. The component financed by USAID was executed to the entire satisfaction of Government.

11. The cofinancing planned was delivered on time and no significant difficulties hindered theprogress of this part of the Project.

12. Government particularly appreciated the IDA mission concerned with the technical and financialmanagement of the USAID-financed component. For us, having only one representative was one of thevery positive elements with allowed for the Project's success.

Now: Tnuated fiom a tsbx reved from the Ministy of Publk Worbk and Trmnapo, dad Octobet 23, 1991.

9

PART m. STATISTICAL INFORMATION

A. Related Bank Loans and Credits

l l ~~~~~~~ I Trf L,oan/Credk Ti I Appr~oval IstatusCretkTie ~~~~~Purpose- Yaprv Of

1. Credit 664-CD Maintenance of selected 1976 CompletedRurml Fund Project feeder roads. I I

2. Credit 125-CD Improving road maintenance. 1968 Project wa onlyFirst Highway Project puiially ruccesful

due to evetebudgetary constraints

3. Credit 490-CD Five-year program of 1984 Project was not fullyThe Second Highway Project improvement and mainne implemant due to

of cotton roads, a throe-year severe economic andinteim maintenance program polical difficusfor ferries, a traiingprogrm, a program of tafficcounts, and pro-investmentand road transport industrystudies.

4. Credit 840-CD Pour-year road maintenance 1978 Because of theThe Third Highway Project program, regmvelling, political situation, the

training progrm, four ferry credit never becameboats, and techn istance effectiveto the Directorae of PublicWorks and Trnsport.

5. Crdit 1728-CD Short term emergency 1986 Satifactorilyoperaion to develop Chad's compited in 1990caaity to maintain the highpriority road network, and toassist in organizing thetransport sector

10

B. Project Timetable

Date Date DatePlaned Revised Actual

Appraial Minion 07/87

Post-Appraial Misson 10/87

Credit Negotiations OV3-5/88

Board Approval 04/26/88

Credit Signature 07/05/88

Credit Effectiveas 11/04/88

Cred;t Clulng 1231/90 2 12131/91

Project Completion 06/30/90 2 , 1231/91

There is no Project Brief available which is the usual source of planning dates21 Source: Credit Agreanent3' Souroe: Correspondence file.

Note: The USAID Grant Agrement between the Republic of Chad and IDA was signed on March 21, 1989. The closing datewas for the Grant Agreement was December 31, 1990, the same date for the IDA credit.

11

C. Credit Dat

(i) Credit Disbursements

Bank Disbursements (in USS million)Fiscal Credit 1901-CD

Half yearEsCtimted Actua Actual % ofCtunulative iAL Cumulative b.t | Ecimated

1988 1 _ _

2

4 8.3 0

1989 1 14.2 0 T -_

2 22.2 8.0 36

3 29.7 9.1 31

4 36.7 11.7 32

1990 1 38.7 12.7 33

2 42.3 13.7 32

3 44.3 20.9 47

4 45.3 26.7 59

1991 1 46.2 28.9 63

2 47.0 32.0 68

3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 40.7 87

4 __43.2 92

19921 - 45.7 97

2 - 46.2c/ 98

3~~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _I *1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4

AL Source: SAR, page 12b/ Source: Statements of Creditsc/ Differential between actual and estimated disbursments attributed to variations between US dollas and

SDRs in which credit ws denominated.

12

(ii) Allocation of Credit Proceeds

(in SDRs)

Original Actual_ _ _ _ _ _ ~ahnmAD _

1) Civil works 28,900,000 32,233,439

2) Consultants' services 1,500,000 2,166,543

3) Unallocated 4,000,000 _

TOTAL 34.400.000 34.399.982

Note: Figures rounded

13

D. Project Costs and Financipg

(i) Project Cost Estimates

(in US$ million)

At Appraisal 1L Actual LCategory

Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total

A. Civil Workas

Lot 1: N'Djamena-Djermaya 2.6 7.9 10.5 11.2 35.2 46.4Lot 2: N'Djamena-Guelengdeng 8.8 28.2 37.0

B. Consulting Services for 0.2 1.8 2.0 0.3 2.8 3.1Worics Supervisio

AL Source: SAR, page 10kL Source: Disbursement Data

fli) A. Flnandfng Plan at Appraisal a/

Government US$2.5 millionIDA IUSS47.0 million

TOTAL US$495 million

aL Source: SAR, page iv.

(fln B. Finandng Plan during Execution

Government US$2.5 millionIDA US$47.0 millionUSAID USSS.5 million

USS55.0 million

Source: USAID Grant Agreement dated March 21, 1989

14

E. Compliance with Credit Covenants

Section Description of Covenant Status

3.03 Borrower will submit an action metplan to set forth policy reformsand the investment programfor 1988-93.

AF51NSeptember 30, 1991

15

F. Use of IMA Resources

(i) Staff InDuts by Stage of Project Cycle in Staff Weeks

Stage of Project Cycle PlannMed Reised Einal

Through Appraisal 0.0 0.0 11.S

Appraisal to Board I.8Supervision 20.0 21.0 26.5

Other||

TOTAL 20.0 21.0 43.8

fli) Mission -Data

Stge of Moath/Yemr NO. Of Days in Spallzdo PerfoIance Dats ofProject Cycle PerN Field Reprebted Ai Raft Report

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~~~~ ~~ ~~Status_ _ _

Identfication 05/87 n.a.

Pro-Appisl 02/88 4 10 HE, BC, ME(C), 04/27/88

Appaisa 07/87 HE, BC 03/21/88 kLPout-Appraisl 10/87 1 7 HE, BC

Negotiations 02/8B 2 4 HE, BC 02/05/U

Supervision 1 05/89 1 5 HE 3,1,1,3,1 06/26/89

Superviuon 2 10/89 3 16 HE, EC, PO 3,1,1,3,1 11/28/89

Supervision 3 02/90 1 5 HE 2,1,1,2,1 03/21/90

Supervision 4 07/90 2 HE, EC 1,1,1,1,1 07/31/90

Supervision 5 05/91 1 4 HE 1,1,1,2,1 06/2491

a eC = Economist ME - Mchnical Engineer C - ConsultantHE - Highway Engineer BO - Education Officer PO - Procu ent Officer

bl Date of Staff Apprisal Report; no Issues Paper on file

AP51NSeptember30, 1991