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7/27/2019 World at a Glance
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World at a glance ......
Total Surface Area: 510,064,472 sq km
Total Land Area: 148,940,000 sq km (29.2% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Water Area: 361,132,000 sq km (70.8% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Population: 7.04 billion
Total Weight: 5.9722 1024
Kg
Total Volume: 1.083211012
km3
Total Age: 4.54 billion years
Surface Gravity: 32.041 ft/s2
Distance from Moon: 384,403 km
Distance from Sun: 150 million km
Equatorial Radius: 6,378.1 km
Mean Radius: 6,371.0 km
Polar Radius: 6,356.8 km
Orbiting Speed: 29.78 km/s
Orbiting Time: 365.256363004 days
Surface Temperature: -88/5(min/max)C
Orbit Size around Sun: 92,956,050 miles (Semi Major Axis)
Period of Rotation: 23.934 hours
Speed of Rotation: 1670 km/hr
Distance from nearest Planet: 38 million km from Venus
Total Continent: 7 (Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia,
Antarctica)
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Total Ocean: 5 ( Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic )
UN Recognized Countries: 193
Total Seas: 137
Primary Tectonic Plates: 8 (African, Antarctic, Australian, Eurasian, Indian, North American,
Pacific,
South American)
Largest Continent: Asia, 43,820,000 sq km (29.5% of total World landmass)
Smallest Continent: Australia, 9,008,500 sq km
Largest Country: Russia, 17,098,242 sq km
Smallest Country: Vatican City - 0.44 sq km
Largest Ocean: The Pacific Ocean - 155,557,000 sq km
Smallest Ocean: Arctic, 14,056,000 sq km
Highest Mountain: Mount Everest, 29,029 ft - Nepal
Longest River: The Nile - 6,650 km
Largest Lake: The Caspian Sea - 371,000 sq km
Average Life Expectancy: 67.2 years
India at a glance
Capital: New Delhi
Area: 3.3 Million sq. km
Latitude: 6 44' and 35 30' north latitude
Longitude: 68 7' and 97 25' east longitude
Official Language: Hindi
Total Recognized Languages: 22
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Time Zone: GMT + 05:30
Density of Population: 370.8/km2
Life Expectancy Rate
Male: 65.8 years
Female: 68.1 years
Ethnic Groups: Australoid, Mongoloid, Europoid, Caucasian, and Negroid
National Days: 26th January (Republic Day)
15th August (Independence Day)
2nd October (Gandhi Jayanti; Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday)
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National Bird: Indian peacock
National Flower: Lotus
National Tree: Banyan Tree
National River: The Ganga
National Aquatic Animal: River Dolphin
National Animal: Tiger
National Fruit: Mango
India's First...... Governor-General of Independent IndiaLord Lewis Mountbatten
Indian Governor-General of Independent IndiaChakravarti Rajgopalachari
Indian Commander-in-Chief of Free IndiaGeneral Kodandera Madappa Cariappa, 1949
Field MarshallGeneral S. H. F. J. Manekshaw
Speaker of loksabhaShri G.V. Mavalankar (15 May 1952- 27 February 1956).
PresidentDr. Rajendra Prasad
Vice-PresidentDr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan
Prime-MinisterPt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
Home MinisterSardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Finance Minister of IndiaR. K. Shanmukham Chetty
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Auditor General of IndiaV. Narahari Rao
Director of CBIDP Kohli
National Security AdviserBrijesh Mishra
Governor of RBISir Osborne Smith
Non-Congress Prime-MinisterMorarji Desai from Janata Party in 1977-79.
British Governor-General of BengalWarren-Hastings
Space travellerS. Leader-Rakesh Sharma
C. S.Satendra Nath Tagore
Woman IASAnna Ranjan George, 1950
Swimmer who crossed over the English channel by swimmingMihir Sen
Woman to swim across the English ChannelArati Saha, 1959
Raman-Magsaysay awardeeAcharya Vinoba Bhave
Novel prize winnerRabindra Nath Tagore
Nobel Prize in PhysicsC. V. Raman in 1930
President of National CongressVyomesh Chand Banerjee
Chairman of Lok SabhaG. B. Mavlankar
First Woman Chief MinisterSucheta Kriplani
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Woman Speaker of Lok SabhaSmt. Meira Kumar, 2009
Chief Election CommissionerSukumar Sen
Indian Chairman in International CourtJustice Dr. Nagendra Singh
Foreigner awardee of Bharat RatnaKhan Abdul Gaffar Khan
Leader of the Indian Antarctica MissionDr. Syed Zahuv Quasim
Chief Justice of Supreme CourtJustice Hiralal J. Kaniya
Awarded with Bharat RatnasDr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan, Chakravarti Rajgopalachari, SirC. B. Raman
Woman Awarded with Bharat RatnasIndira Gandhi
Commandeur of the Order of Arts and LettersMrinal Sen
Chevalier of the Order of Arts and LetterSivaji Ganeshan
Posthumally Bharat Ratna AwardeeLal Bahadur Shastri
Person awarded Bhartiya-Gyan-Peeth PurskarG. Shankar Kurup (Malayalam1965)
Woman awarded with Bhartiya-Gyan-Peeth PurskarAshapurna Devi, 1976
Woman Sahitya Akademi Award WinnerAmrita Pritam, 1956
Woman Honours GraduateKamini Roy
Woman Director General of PoliceKanchan C Bhattacharya
Successful Surgeon who transplanted heartDr. P. Venugopal
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Woman to received Nobal PrizeMother Teresa
Woman GovernorSarojini Naidu
Licensed PilotJ R D Tata
Woman Air PilotDurba Banerjee
Woman TeacherSavitribai Phule
Successful heart transplanted personDevi Ram (1994)
President of National Human Rights CommissionJustice Rangnath Mishra
Hindi Literature person-awarded Bhartiya Gyan Peeth PurskarSumitra Nandan Pant (1968)
Indian who won the World Billiard awardWilson Jans
Indian who won the Grammy awardPt. Ravi Shankar
Person delivered the Lecture in Hindi in U.N.O.Atal Bihari Bajpai (1977)
Indian member in British House of CommonsDada Bhai Naoroji (1892)
First President of Indian Science CongressSir Asutosh Mukherjee
Mountaineer who scaled Mount Everest 8 timesSherpa-Augarita
Writer who was awarded Vyas SammanRamvilas Sharma
Indian Managing Director of World BankGautam Kazi
Player awarded Padam BhusanC. K. Naidu
Actress to win Padma Shri AwardNargis Dutt, 1958
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Indian players played Davis CupM. Salim and S. M. Jacob (Singles), A. A. Faiyaz and L. S.
Dare (Doubles) (1921)
Tennis Grandslam title winnerMahesh Bhupati
Indian player who played the test cricketK. S. Ranjeet Singh (from England)
Scientist elected for Lok SabhaDr. Meghnad Saha
Scientist awarded Ghanshyam Das Birla awardProf. Ashish Datta (1991)
Literature who was awarded Murti Devi PurskarC. K. Nagraj Rao (1993)
Person, who became High Commission in Great BritainV. K. Krishna-Menon
Indian who was awarded the Lenin Peace PrizeDr. Safuddin Kichlu (1952)
First Indian who contested the election for British ParliamentLal Mohan Ghose
Woman GraduatesKadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu, 1883
Woman Chief Justice ofHigh CourtLeila Seth, Himachal Pradesh, 1991
An Indian, appointed the judge of High Court, during the British periodRam Prasad Ram
Indian member of Viceroy Executive CouncilSir. S. P. Sinha
Leanin Peace PrizeSaifuddin Kitchlew
Chairman of Finance CommissionK. C. Niogi
Woman Doctorate of ScienceAsima Chatterjee (1944)
Woman IPSKiran Bedi
Woman Supreme Court judgeKumari Fathima Beevi
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Indian member of American CongressDeleep Singh
Editor of Time MagazineBobby Ghosh
Director ofCBI becoming GovernorAshwani Kumar
Person to reach the North PoleSquadron Leader Sanjay Thapar
Person to reach the South PoleCol Jatinder Kumar Bajaj
Nishan-e-PakistanMorarji Desai, 1990
Magsaysay AwardVinoba Bhave, 1958
Miss WorldReita Faria in 1966
Miss Asia PacificZeenat Aman in 1970
Miss UniverseSushmita Sen in 1994
Miss EarthNicole Faria in 2010
Place to get electricityDarjeeling in 1897
Sound filmAlam Ara (1931) directed by Ardeshir Irani
Colour filmKisan Kanya (1937), directed by Moti B. Gidvani
Oscar winnerBhanu Athaiya for Best Costume Design for Gandhi (film) in 1982.
Dadasaheb Phalke AwardDevika Rani in 1969
Chevalier of the Order of Arts and LettersSivaji Ganesan
Test-tube babyDurga Agarwal, born 1978
NewspaperHickey's Bengal Gazette started in 1760
First Lady DoctorAnandibai Joshi
SatelliteAryabhata, launched on 19 April 1975
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Man to climb Mt EverestTenzing Norgay
Man to climb Mt Everest without oxygenPhu Dorjee, 1984
Woman to climb Mt everestBachendri Pal
District to achieve 100% literacy rateErnakulam district, Kerala, 1990
Captain in TestsC. K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of England
ODI captainAjit Wadekar
Bowler who made hat-trick in Test CricketHarbhajan Singh
Batsman who made 300 runs in test CricketVirendra Sehwag
First Marshal of Indian Air ForceArjan Singh
Individual Medal in Olympic gamesKD Jadhav
GrandmasterViswanathan Anad
Woman GrandmasterKoneru Humpy
First Indian who individually won the Gold medal in Olympic gamesAbhinav Bindra
First Indian who won the Bronze medal in Boxing in Olympic gamesVijendra Kumar
Fellow of Trinity College, CambridgeSrinivasa Ramanujan
Fellow of the Royal SocietyArdaseer Cursetjee
Timeline of Indian History ...... 2800 BC Indus Valley Civilization begins in the northwestern region of India
2600 BC Mohenjo-daro and Harappa phase of the Indus Valley Civilizationbegins, in Punjab and
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Sindh. Other cities like Lothal, Mehrgarh also emerged during this period.
1600 BC India is invaded by the Aryans from the west
1400 BC The Vedas, the Hindu scripture, was written
600 BC The Upanishads written
599 BC Mahavira, 24th Tirthankar of Jainism is born
563 BC Gautam Buddha, founder of Buddhism is born in Lumbini
527 BC Nirvana of Mahavira
492 BC Bimbisara dies and is succeeded by Ajatashatru in Magadha Empire
483 BC Death of Gautama Buddha in Kushinagar
326 BC Alexander the Great moved into India, King Porus who ruled parts ofthe Punjab, fought
Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River.
321 BC Chandragupta Maurya established Mauryan dynasty defeating DhanaNanda
305 BC Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid
Empire.
300 BC Chola dynasty establishes his kingdom over southern India withcapital in Thanjavur
269 BC Ashoka the Great, grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, becomes theemperor of India
261 BC Kalinga War takes place between Magadha Empire and the kingdomof Kalinga.
232 BC Death of King Ashoka
185 BC The Mauryan Empire, collapsed after its emperor Brihadrata wasassassinated by his
general Pusyamitra Sunga who then established the Sunga dynasty
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50 AD Establishment of the Kushan empire by Kujula Kadphises, firstBuddhist stupa is
constructed at Sanchi
300 The Pallava dynasty is established in Kanchi
320 The Gupta dynasty founded by Maharaja Sri Gupta, reunited northern Indiainitiating
the "golden Age" of India
335 King Samudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and expands theempire.
380 Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.
450 Invasions by the Huna.
606 Harshavardhana crowned Monarch.
712 First Muslim, Md. Bin Qasim defeats Raja Dahir
1021 Mahmud Ghazni defeats Tarnochalpal and annexes Punjab
1206 Qutb ub-din Aybak establishes the Delhi Sultanate
1221 Genghis Khan invades Punjab
1236 Razia Sultana, only lady ruler of Delhi
1290 Jalal ud-Din Firuz establishes the Khilji sultanate at Delhi
1298 Marco Polo visits India
1336 Vijayanagara Empire established by Harihara I and his brother BukkaRaya I
1398 Timur conquered India resulting in the decline of the Delhi Sultanate
1469 Birth of Guru Nanak Dev
1497 Vasco de Gama's first voyage from Europe to India and back (to 1499)
1526 Babur established the Mughal Empire
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1555 Mughal king Humayun comes to fight Sher Shah and regains India
1556 Humayun dies, and is succeeded by Akbar
1600 Queen Elizabeth I granted a charter to the East India Company established
trading posts
in Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras
1605 Akbar dies, and is succeeded by his son Jehangir.
1612 British arrives India
1632 Taj Mahal construction initiated by Mughal ruler Shah Jahan
1653 Shah Jahan completes Taj Mahal. Shah Jahan dies, and is succeeded by his son
Aurangzeb.
1675 Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhs is executed in Delhi. Guru GobindSingh
becomes tenth Guru of Sikhs.
1680 Shivaji dies at Raigad, Sambhaji became 2nd Chhatrapati of the MarathaEmpire
1707 Death of Aurangzeb the Mughal emperor.
1757 In Battle of Plassey, Robert Clive, leads British forces which defeated theMughal
governor of Bengal Mir Jafar
1774 Warren Hastings appointed the first governor general of India by the EastIndia
Company
1775 First Anglo-Maratha War
1799 Death of Tipu Sultan
1853 Started Post Service
1853 First Railway established between Bombay and Thane
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1857 Indian Mutiny Rebellion of 1857(10th May)
1857 Establishment of University of Mumbai, University of Madras and Universityof Calcutta
in India
1858 The British government ruled India, Lord Dalhousie becomes the Governor-General of
India
1862 Death of Bahadur Shah Zafar
1869 "Arya Samaj" Established
1876 Queen Victoria was given the title Empress of India by the BritishParliament
1885 Burma became an Indian province
1885 The Indian National Congress was formed (28th December)
1905 The British government divided Bengal into separate Hindu and Muslimsections
1909 Morley-Minto Reforms
1914 World War 1
1915 Mahatma Gandhi returns back to India
1919 Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (13th April)
1920 Mahatma Gandhi became president of Indian National
Congress, Non-cooperation movement Khilafat Movement
1927 Simon Commission
1929 Central Assembly Bombed by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt.
1930 Purna Swaraj resolution in Lahore, Salt Satyagraha started
1931 Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev Martyred (23rd March)
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1935 Government of India Act
1939 World War 2 began
1940 Muhammad Ali Jinnah demanded that a new country be formed from India
for the
Muslims, which would be called Pakistan
1942 Quit India Movement
1942 Indian National Army Established by Subhas Chandra Bose
1945 World War II ended when United States dropped atomic bombs onHiroshima and
Nagasaki (August)
1946 Royal Indian Navy Mutiny
1946 The British government agreed to grant India independence
1947 British and Indian leaders agreed to divide the country into India andPakistan
1947 India became independent (15th August)
1948 Mahatma Gandhi assassinated Nathuram Godse (30th January)
1950 Constitution of India came into effect and Jawaharlal Nehru became theIndian first
prime minister (26th January)
Highest mountain peak Godwin Austin (k2)Highest Dam Tehri Dam, Uttarakhand
Highest Waterfall Kunchikal waterfall, KarnatakaHighest Gateway Buland Darwaza, Fatehpur Sikri, Uttap Pradesh
Highest Award Bharat RatnaHighest Gallantry Award Paramveer Chakra
Highest Battle field Siachin GlacierHighest rainfall Place Mawsynram, Meghalaya
Highest Airport Leh, LaddakhHighest Lake Cholamu Lake, Sikkim
Highest Tower Qutub Minar, DelhiHighest populated State Bihar
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Highest Radio Station The Leh station of AIRHighest Statue Jain Saint Gomateswara, Karnataka
Largest lake of Fresh water Wular lake, KashmirLargest Temple Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Tamil NaduLargest Mosque Jama Masjid, Delhi
Largest Church Se Cathedral, GoaLargest Gurudwara Golden Temple, AmritsarLargest Monastery Tawang Monastery, Arunachal Pradesh
Largest populated city Mumbai, MaharastraLargest Building Rashtrapati Bhawan, DelhiLargest Museum National Museum, Kolkata
Largest Auditorium Sri Shanmukhananda Hall, MumbaiLargest Cinema Theatre Thangam, Madurai
Largest Barrage Farakka Barrage, GangaLargest Delta Sunderban Delta, West BengalLargest Dome Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur, Karnataka
Largest Zoo Zoological Gardens, Alipur, KolkataLargest Exhibition Ground Pragati Maidan Complex, New Delhi
Largest Desert Thar, RajasthanLargest cave temple Kailash temple, Ellora, Maharashtra
Largest Cave Amarnath Cave, Jammu and KashmirLargest Hotel Oberoi Sheraton, Mumbai
Largest State by Area RajasthanLargest State by Population Uttar Pradesh
Largest Hospital B. J Medical College and Civil Hospital, AhmedabadLargest corridor Rameshwaram temple corridor, Tamil Nadu
Largest Post Office Mumbai GPO
Largest forest area state Madhya PradeshLargest Prison Tihar Central Jail, Delhi
Largest Stadium Salt lake Stadium, KolkataLargest Port Mumbai
Largest Lake of Saline water Chika lake, OrissaLargest river island Majuli, Brahmaputra river, AssamLargest Planetarium Birla Planetarium, Kolkata
Largest man-made lake Govind Sagar, Bhakra DamLargest Cantilever Span Bridge Howrah Bridge, Kolkata
Largest library National Library, KolkataLargest Lok Sabha Contituency by area Ladhak
Largest Lok Sabha Contituency bypopulation
Outer Delhi
Longest River GangaLongest tributary river of India Yamuna
Longest coastline State GujaratLongest tunnel Jawahar tunnel, Jammu & Kashmir
Longest national highway NH-7which runs from Varanasi to KanyakumariLongest Dam Hirakud Dam, Orissa
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Longest River Bridge Mahatma Gandhi Setu, PatnaLongest Electric railway line From Delhi to Kolkata via Patna
Longest Railway Platform Kharagpur, W. BengalLongest river which forms estuary Narmada
Logest bridge above water Bandra-Worli Sea Link, Maharastra
Logest distance run train Vivek ExpressLongest nonstop run train Trivandrum Rajdhani
Longest railway bridge Vembanad Rail bridge, KeralaLongest Beach Marina Beach, Chennai
Smallest State by Area GoaSmallest State by Population Sikkim
Smallest Lok Sabha Contituency by area Chandni ChowkSmallest Lok Sabha Contituency by
populationLakshdweep
Tallest building Imperial Tower, Mumbai
Continent and Countries ......Asia
Area 17,212,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 44 countries
Highest point Mount Everest, Nepal
Lowest point Dead Sea, Israel
Most Populous City Shanghai, China
South America
Area 6,880,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 12 countries
Highest point Aconcagua, Argentina
Lowest point Laguna del Carbn, Argentina
Most Populous City Sao Paulo, Brazil
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North America
Area 9,365,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 23 countries
Highest point Mount McKinley, USA
Lowest point Death Valley, USA
Most Populous City Mexico City, Mexico
Africa
Area 11,608,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 54 countries
Highest point Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Lowest point Lake Assal,Djibouti
Most Populous City Lagos, Nigeria
Europe
Area 3,837,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 47 countries
Highest point Mount Elbrus, Russia
Lowest point Caspian Sea, Russia
Most Populous City Moscow, Russia
Antarctica
Area 5,100,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 0 countries
Highest point Vinson Massif, Antarctica
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Lowest point Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills, Antarctica
Most Populous City Villa Las Estrellas, Chilean claim
Australia
Area 2,968,000 sq. km
Number of Countries 14 countries
Highest point Puncak Jaya, Papua Province
Lowest point Lake Eyre, Australia
Most Populous City Sydney, Australia
Other Facts..... Canada has more lakes than all the other countries of the world combined. Kazakistan is the largest landlocked country in the world France covers the most time zones, covering 12 time zones Most overweight population found in Nauru Mongolia is the least densely populated country on Earth with 4 people per square mile Saudi Arabia has no river Suriname is the most jungle covered country in the world, with 91% of its land covered in
jungle Papua New Guinea with 820 languages are spoken, is the most languages spoken country in
world The country with the most neighbors is Russia with 16 neighbors New Zealand is the first country that gave women the right to vote in 1893 The country with the longest shoreline measuring 202,080 km is Canada Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan is the only two countries in the world which are doubly
landlocked Vatican is the only country where there was no birth in 1983 Singapore is the largest country without any farms. Nauru is the only country in the world with no official capital There are more post offices in India than anywhere else in the world New Zealand is the only country which has every climate in the world
Universe at a glance ......
Sun
The Sun is a star that is in the center of the Solar System
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The Sun is recognized as having the largest mass in our Solar System.
It has a diameter of about 1,392,684 km, about 109 times that of Earth
The sun is the closest star to Earth, at a mean distance from our planet of 149.60 million km
Sun fuses 620 million metric tons of hydrogen each second.
At the core, the temperature is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees
Celsius)
In February 1974, Skylab was the first manned spacecraft to study the Sun.
Solar flares occur when magnetic fields of the Sun come together and cause hugeexplosions
on the Suns surface.
Solar flares produce bursts of electromagnetic radiation, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible
light, and radio waves.
Mercury
Mercury is the closest and second smallest in the Solar System.
Mercury is the second densest planet after Earth.
The only visit to Mercury was a flyby made by the Mariner 10 spacecraft in 1974.
Mercury speeds around the sun every 88 days, traveling through space at nearly 50 km (31
miles) per second
Galileo first observed Mercury during the 17th century.
Venus
Venus is the second closest and sixth largest planet in the Solar System
The orbital speed of Venus is 35 km per second.
Venus is the hottest planet in the Solar System.
Venus appears to be the brightest planet in the sky.
It takes 244.7 days for Venus to rotate on its axis.
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The first robotic space probe mission to Venus, and the first to any planet, began on 12
February 1961, with the launch of the Venera 1 probe.
Earth
Earth formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within
one billion years.
The Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System.
Earth is the fifth largest planet in the Solar System.
The Diameter of the Earth is 12,756 km (7,926 miles)
The earths orbital speed is 29.8 km per second.
Earth atmosphere consists of 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen and 1 percent other
ingredients..
Earth rotates about its own axis 366.26 times, creating 365.26 solar days
Moon
The Moon is Earths lone natural satellite.
In 1610, Galileo Galilei is the first to use a telescope to make scientific observations of theMoon.
The Moon is the fifth largest satellite in our Solar System.
The Moons diameter is 2160 miles (3476 km)
Average distance between the Earth and the Moon is about 239,000 miles. Actual distance
varies from 221,457 to 252,712 miles.
The Moons gravity is 1/6 that of Earth.
The Moon does not have an atmosphere; there is no wind on the Moon.
Apollo 11 was the American space mission to first reach and land on the moon.
The first human landing on the Moon was on 20 July 1969.
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The Moon orbits around the Earth every 29 days.
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System.
iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance, often described as Red
Planet
A Mars year is equal to 686.98 Earth Days
A day in Mars is equal to 24.6 Earth Hours
Like Earth, Mars experiences seasons because of the tilt of its rotational axis
Asaph Hall discovered both of Mars moons, Phobos and Deimos, in August 1877.
Mariner 4 first successful flyby mission to Mars. Launched on November 28, 1964 and
arrived at Mars on July 14, 1965.
Viking 1 Successful orbit and landing on surface of Mars. Launched August 20, 1975 and
arrived at Mars July 20, 1976.
Jupitar
Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, is 318 times larger than Earth.
The orbital speed of Jupiter is 13.1 km/sec
A year on Jupiter is equal to 11.9 Earth Years
Jupiter has 67 natural satellites.[105] Of these, 51 are less than 10 kilometres in diameter
and have only been discovered since 1975.
Galileo Galilei had discovered Jupiter's four largest moons, now called Io, Europa,
Ganymede, and Callisto. These four moons are known today as the Galilean satellites.
In 1610, Galileo Galilei makes the first detailed observations of Jupiter.
Jupiter's moon Ganymede is the biggest satellite in solar system
Jupiter has rings, the third planet discovered to have a ring system in our Solar System.
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Jupiters rings are identified as: Halo ring, Main ring, Amalthea gossamer ring, and Thebe
gossamer ring.
Jupiters rings were discovered by Voyager 1 in 1979.
Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest.
Saturn has 62 known moons, fifty-three have been named. Most of them are small in size.
Names of some of Saturns moons: the largest is Titan, discovered in 1655; Tethys, Dione,
Rhea, & Iapetus, discovered from 1671 to 1672; Mimas & Enceladus, discovered in 1789; and
Hyperion, discovered in 1848.
A year on Saturn is equal to 29.5 Earth Years
Pioneer 11 is the first spacecraft to reach Saturn, in 1979
Saturn has a prominent ring system that consists of nine continuous main rings and three
discontinuous arcs, composed mostly of ice particles with a smaller amount of rocky debris and
dust.
Uranus
The orbital speed of Uranus is 6.6 km/sec
Uranus takes 84 Earth years to complete one orbit.
Uranus is the third largest planet in the Solar System.
Voyager 2, the only spacecraft to visit Uranus,
A day on Uranus is equal to a little more than 17 hours on Earth.
Uranus has 27 known moons, named for characters from the works of William Shakespeare
or Alexander Pope
Uranus was discovered by Sir William Herschel in 1781
Neptune
Neptune is the fourth largest planet and coolest planet in the Solar System.
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Neptune was the first planet located through mathematical predictions rather than through
regular observations of the sky.
Neptune was discovered by Urbain Le Verrier, John Couch Adams, and Johann Galle on
September 23, 1846.
The only spacecraft ever to visit Neptune was Voyager 2 in 1989.
The magnetic field of Neptune is about 27 times more powerful than that of Earth.
One Neptune year is equal to 164.83 Earth Years
Neptune has six known rings.
In 2011, Neptune completes its first 165-year orbit of the sun since its discovery in 1846.
Neptune has 13 moons, the largest of which is named Triton. The other moons are: Naiad,
Thalassa, Despina, Galatea, Larissa, Proteus, Nereid, Halimede, Sao, Laomedeia, Neso, and Psamathe.
Pluto
Pluto is the smallest planet in the Solar System, now consider as dwarf planet
Pluto is colder than Neptune.
Plutos journey around the Sun takes 248 Earth years.
Pluto is the second most contrast body in the Solar System
Pluto has not yet been visited by a spacecraft.
Pluto has a satellite, Charon, which was discovered (in 1978). The distance between them is
19,640 km (12,200 miles).The other 3 are Nix, Hydra, and newly discovered S/2011 P 1 on July of
2011.
Pluto rotation (a Pluto day) takes 6.4 Earth days, meaning that it has the second slowest
rotation in the Solar System after Venus
Pluto was discovered by Tombaugh in 1930
World at a glance ......
Total Surface Area: 510,064,472 sq km
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Total Land Area: 148,940,000 sq km (29.2% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Water Area: 361,132,000 sq km (70.8% of Planet Earth's surface)
Total Population: 7.04 billion
Total Weight: 5.9722 1024
Kg
Total Volume: 1.083211012 km3
Total Age: 4.54 billion years
Surface Gravity: 32.041 ft/s2
Distance from Moon: 384,403 km
Distance from Sun: 150 million km
Equatorial Radius: 6,378.1 km
Mean Radius: 6,371.0 km
Polar Radius: 6,356.8 km
Orbiting Speed: 29.78 km/s
Orbiting Time: 365.256363004 days
Surface Temperature: -88/5(min/max)C
Orbit Size around Sun: 92,956,050 miles (Semi Major Axis)
Period of Rotation: 23.934 hours
Speed of Rotation: 1670 km/hr
Distance from nearest Planet: 38 million km from Venus
Total Continent: 7 (Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia,
Antarctica)
Total Ocean: 5 ( Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic )
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UN Recognized Countries: 193
Total Seas: 137
Primary Tectonic Plates: 8 (African, Antarctic, Australian, Eurasian, Indian, North American, Pacific,
South American)
Largest Continent: Asia, 43,820,000 sq km (29.5% of total World landmass)
Smallest Continent: Australia, 9,008,500 sq km
Largest Country: Russia, 17,098,242 sq km
Smallest Country: Vatican City - 0.44 sq km
Largest Ocean: The Pacific Ocean - 155,557,000 sq km
Smallest Ocean: Arctic, 14,056,000 sq km
Highest Mountain: Mount Everest, 29,029 ft - Nepal
Longest River: The Nile - 6,650 km
Largest Lake: The Caspian Sea - 371,000 sq km
Average Life Expectancy: 67.2 years
First in the World
Sgnificance Achiver
Asian city to host Olympics Tokyo, Japan, 1964
Athlete disqualified at the Olympics for drug use Hans-Gunnar Lijenwall, Mexico
Olympics, 1968
Blind person to conquer the Everest Erik Weihenmayer, USA, 2001
Cricket Club Cricket club founded in Hambledon,England
Country to Print Books China
Country to issue paper currency China
Country to start Civil Service Competition China
Country to make education compulsory Prussia
Country to win World Cup football Uruguay
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Country to make a constitution USA
Country to Organize NAM Summit Belgrade
Country to send human to Moon USA
Country to launch satellite into space Russia
Country to host modern Olympics Greece
Country to launch Radio Telescope Satellite intospace
Japan
European to visit China Marco Polo
Man to climb Mt Everest Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary,
1953
Man to reach North Pole Robert Peary
Man to reach South Pole Ronald Amundsen
Man to Fly an aeroplan Wright Brothers
Man to sail around the World Ferdinand Magellan
Man to set foot on the Moon Neil Armstrong
Man to go to the space Major Yuri GagarinMan to draw the map of Earth Anexemander
Man to compile Encyclopedia Aspheosis
Man to win Nobel Prize in Literature Rene FA and Silt Pradhom
Man to win Nobel Prize in Peace Jin F Dunant nad Frederic Peiry
Man to win Nobel Prize in Physics WK Roentgen
Man to win Nobel Prize in Chemistry JH Wenthoff
Man to win Nobel Prize in Medicine AE Wonn Behring
Man to win Nobel Prize in Economics Ranger Fish and John Tinbergen
Man to sail around the World alone Joshua Slocum
Man tourist in Space Dennis Tito
Man to have climbed Mount Everest Twice Nawang Gombu
Man Oscar winner for the Best Actor Emil Jannings, 1928
Man to win Tour de France Maurice Garin, 1903
Man boxing champion Tim Hyer, 1841
Man chess champion Wilhelm Steinitz, 1886
Man to walk in space Alexei Arkhovich Leonov, 1965
Man heart transplant was per formed by Dr. Christian Barnard, 1967
Man heart transplant recipient Louis Washkansky, 1967
Man to fly solo non stop across the Atlantic Charles Lindbergh, 1927
Man to swim across the English Channel Matthew Webb, 1875
Man to fly solo nonstop around the world in ballon Steve Fossett, U.S., 2002Man to cross the Pacific Ocean in hot air balloon Ben Abruzzo and team in the Double
Eagle V
Movie in the world The jazz Singer , 1927
Parkinsons disease was first described by James Parkinson, British neurologist,
1817
Religion of the world Santosh Dharma
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Recipient of a permanent artificial heart Barney Clark, 1982
Secretary General of UN Trigve Li
Space shuttle launched Colombia
Space ship landed on Moon Viking-1
Space vehicle to land on the moon Lunar Exploration Module (LEM)
Woman tourist in Space Mrs Anousheh AnsariWoman civilian police adviser of the U.N. Kiran Bedi
Woman Bishop Rev Barbara C. Harris (USA)
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Literature Selma Lagerlf
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Peace Bertha von Suttner
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Physics Marie Curie-Skodowska
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Chemistry Marie Curie-Skodowska
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Medicine Gerty Theresa Cori
Woman to win Nobel Prize in Economics Elinor Ostrom
Woman Prime Minister of a Country S Bhandarnayake
Woman Cosmonaut in Space Valentina Tereshkova, USSRWoman to Climb Mt. Everest Juno Tabei, Japan
Woman President of UN General assembly Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Woman to reach North Pole Mrs Fran Phipps
Woman to reach Antartica Caroline Michaelson
Woman President of a Country Maria Estela Peron
Woman to sail around the world alone Kat Cotte
Woman to win an Olympic Gold Medal Charlotte Cooper, UK, Tennis singles,
1900
Woman professional bullfighter Patricia Mccormick, 1952
Womens Olympic marathon Champion Joan Benoit, Los Angles, 1984
Woman to Climb Mt. Everest twice Santosh Yadav
Woman Oscar winner for Best Actress janet Gaynor, 1928
Woman black tennis player to win a singles title at
Wimbledon
A Gibson, 1957
Woman to win a Grand Slam Maureen Catherine, 1953
Woman to swim the English Channel Gertrude Ederle, 1926
Woman to set foot on North Pole Ann Bancroft, USA, 1986
University of the world Taxila University
Top ten in the World....
LARGEST CITIES ON THE PLANET BY POPULATION
1. Shanghai 17,836,133
2. Istanbul 13,483,052
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3. Karachi 13,052,000
4. Mumbai 12,478,447
5. Moscow 11,810,000
6. Beijing 11,716,000
7. So Paulo 11,316,149
8. Tianjin 11,090,314
9. Guangzhou 11,070,654
10. Delhi 11,007,835
COUNTRY POPULATION (Largest)
1. China 1,347,350,000
2. India 1,210,193,000
3. USA 313,686,000
4. Indonesia 237,641,000
5. Brazil 192,376,000
6. Pakistan 179,764,000
7. Nigeria 162,471,000
8. Russia 143,100,000
9. Bangladesh 142,319,000
10. Japan 127,610,200
COUNTRIES (Highest Density) (people per square km)
1. Monaco 16,205
2. Singapore 6,386
3. Malta 1,261
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5. Makalu I 27,765 ft (8,462 m) Nepal
6. Cho Oyu 26,906 ft (8,201 m) Nepal
7. Dhaulagiri 26,794 ft (8,167 m) Nepal
8. Manaslu I 26,758 ft (8,156 m) Nepal
9. Nanga Parbat 26,658 ft (8,125 m) Pakistan
10. Annapurna I 26,545 ft (8,091 m) Nepal
LARGEST COUNTRIES (by Land Mass)
1. Russia 6,592,846 sq miles (17,075,400 sq km)
2. Canada 3,602,707 sq miles (9,330,970 sq km)
3. China 3,600,947 sq miles (9,326,410 sq km)
4. USA 3,539,242 sq miles (9.166,600 sq km)
5. Brazil 3,265,075 sq miles (8,456,510 sq km)
6. Australia 2,941,283 sq miles (7,617,930 sq km)
7. India 1,147,949 sq miles (2,973,190 sq km)
8. Argentina 1,056,636 sq miles (2,736,690 sq km)
9. Kazakhstan 1,049,150 sq miles (2,717,300 sq km)
10. Sudan 917,374 sq miles (2,376,000 sq km)
CONTINENTS (by size)
1. Asia 44,579,000 sq km
2. Africa 30,221,000 sq km
3. North America 24,256,000 sq km
4. South America 17,819,000 sq km
5. Antarctica 13,209,000 sq km
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6. Europe 9,938,000 sq km
7. Australia/Oceania 7,687,000 sq km
CONTINENTS (by Population)
1. Asia 4,140,336,501
2. Africa 1,020,201.229
3. Europe 738,523,843
4. North America 528,720/588
5. South America 385,742,554
6. Australia/Oceania 36,102.071
7. Antarctica 0
OCEANS OF THE WORLD (by Size)
1. Pacific 155,557,000 sq km
2. Atlantic 76,762,000 sq km
3. Indian 68,556,000 sq km
4. Southern 20,327,000 sq km
5. Arctic 14,056,000 sq km
DEEPEST OCEANS & SEAS
1. Pacific Ocean 35,827 ft (10,924 m)
2. Atlantic Ocean 30,246 ft (9,219 m)
3. Indian Ocean 24,460 ft (7,455 m)
4. Caribbean Sea 22,788 ft (6,946 m)
5. Arctic Ocean 18,456 ft (5,625 m)
6. South China Sea 16,456 ft (5,016 m)
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7. Bering Sea 15,659 ft (4,773 m)
8. Mediterranean Sea 15,197 ft (4,632 m)
9. Gulf of Mexico 12,425 ft (3,787 m)
10. Japan Sea 12,276 ft (3,742 m)
MAJOR ISLANDS (by Size)
1. Australia 7,617.930 sq km
2. Greenland 2,175,600 sq km
3. New Guinea 792,500 sq km
4. Borneo 725,500 sq km
5. Madagascar 587,000 sq km
6. Baffin 507,500 sq km
7. Sumatra 427,300 sq km
8. Honshu 227,400 sq km
9. Great Britain 218,100 sq km
10. Victoria 217,300 sq km
MAJOR RIVERS (by Length)
1. Nile, Africa 6,825 km
2. Amazon, South America 6,437 km
3. Chang Jiang (Yangtze), Asia 6,380 km
4. Mississippi, North America 5,971 km
5. Yenisey-Angara, Asia 5,536 km
6. Huang (Yellow), Asia 5,464 km
7. Ob-Irtysh, Asia 5,410 km
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8. Amur, Asia 4,416 km
9. Lena, Asia 4,400 km
10. Congo, Africa 4,370 km
MAJOR LAKES (by Size)
1. Caspian Sea, Asia-Europe 371,000 sq km
2. Superior, North America 82,100 sq km
3. Victoria, Africa 69,500 sq km
4. Huron, North America 59,600 sq km
5. Michigan, North America 57,800 sq km
6. Tanganyika, Africa 32,900 sq km
7. Baikal, Asia 31,500 sq km
8. Great Bear, North America 31,300 sq km
9. Aral Sea, Asia 30,700 sq km
10. Malawi, Africa 28,900 sq km
SMALLEST COUNTRIES (by Land Mass)
1. Vatican City 0.17 sq miles (0.44 sq km)
2. Monaco 0.75 sq miles (1.95 sq km)
3. Nauru 8.2 sq miles (21.2 sq km)
4. Tuvalu 10 sq miles (26 sq km)
5. San Marino 24 sq miles (61 sq km)
6. Liechtenstein 62 sq miles (160 sq km)
7. Marshall Islands 70 sq miles (181 sq km)
8. Seychelles 104 sq miles (270 sq km)
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9. Maldives 116 sq miles (300 sq km)
10. St. Kitts and Nevis 139 sq miles (360 sq km)
LARGEST DESERTS OF THE WORLD
1. Sahara, North Africa 3,320,000 sq. miles
2. Arabian, Middle East 900,000 sq. miles
3. Kalahari, Southern Africa 360,000 sq. miles
4. Great Victoria, Australia 250,000 sq. miles
5. Syrian, Syria, Jordan, Iraq 200,000 sq. miles
6. Chihuahuan, Mexico, U.S. 175,000 sq. miles
7. Great Sandy, Australia 150,000 sq. miles
8. Sonoran, Mexico, U,S, 120,000 sq. miles
9. Thar, India, Pakistan 77,000 sq. miles
10. Gibson, Australia 60,000 sq. miles
Country, Capital and Indepandance DayNo Country Capital Independence Day
/Natonal Day
1 Abkhazia Sukhum 4th July
2 Afghanistan Kabul 19th August
3 Albania Tirana 28th November
4 Algeria Algiers 5th July
5 American Samoa Pago Pago 1st January
6 Andorra Andorra la Vella 8th September
7 Angola Luanda 11th November
8 Anguilla The Valley 30th May
9 Antigua and Barbuda Saint John's 1st November
10 Argentina Buenos Aires 9th July
11 Armenia Yerevan 21st September
12 Aruba Oranjestad 1st January
13 Australia Canberra 26th January
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14 Austria Vienna 26th October
15 Azerbaijan Baku 30th August
16 Bahamas Nassau 10th July
17 Bahrain Manama 15th August
18 Bangladesh Dhaka 26th March
19 Barbados Bridgetown 30th November20 Belarus Minsk 3rd July
21 Belgium Brussels 21st July
22 Belize Belmopan 21st September
23 Benin Porto-Novo 1st August
24 Bermuda Hamilton 24th May
25 Bhutan Thimphu 8th August
26 Bolivia La Paz 6th August
27 Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo 1st March
28 Botswana Gaborone 30th September
29 Brazil Braslia 7th September30 British Virgin Islands Road Town 1st July
31 Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan 1st January
32 Bulgaria Sofia 22th September
33 Burkina Faso Ouagadougou 5th August
34 Burma Naypyidaw 4th January
35 Burundi Bujumbura 1st July
36 Cambodia Phnom Penh 9th November
37 Cameroon Yaound 1st January
38 Canada Ottawa 1st July
39 Cape Verde Praia 5th July
40 Cayman Islands George Town
41 Central African Republic Bangui 13th August
42 Chad N'Djamena 11th August
43 Chile Santiago 18th September
44 China (People's
Republic of China)
Beijing 1st October
45 Christmas Island Flying Fish Cove
46 Cocos Islands West Island
47 Colombia Bogot 20th July
48 Comoros Moroni 6th July
49 Cook Islands Avarua50 Costa Rica San Jos 15th September
51 Cte d'Ivoire Yamoussoukro 7th August
52 Croatia Zagreb 8th October
53 Cuba Havana 20th May
54 Curaao Willemstad
55 Cyprus Nicosia 1st October
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56 Czech Republic Prague 1st January
57 Democratic Republic of
the Congo
Kinshasa 30th June
58 Denmark Copenhagen
59 Djibouti Djibouti 27th June
60 Dominica Roseau 3rd November61 Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 27th February
62 East Timor Dli 29th May
63 Ecuador Quito 24th May
64 Egypt Cairo 28th February
65 El Salvador San Salvador 15th September
66 Equatorial Guinea Malabo
67 Eritrea Asmara 24th May
68 Estonia Tallinn 20th August
69 Ethiopia Addis Ababa
70 Faroe Islands Trshavn71 Fiji Suva 10th October
72 Finland Helsinki 6th December
73 France Paris
74 French Guiana Cayenne
75 French Polynesia Papeete
76 Gabon Libreville 17th August
77 The Gambia Banjul 18th February
78 Georgia Tbilisi 9th April
79 Germany Berlin 18th January
80 Ghana Accra 6th March
81 Gibraltar Gibraltar
82 Greece Athens 25th March
83 Greenland Nuuk
84 Grenada St. George's 7th February
85 Guadeloupe Basse-Terre
86 Guam Hagta
87 Guatemala Guatemala City 15th September
88 Guernsey Saint Peter Port
89 Guinea Conakry 2nd October
90 Guinea-Bissau Bissau 24th September
91 Guyana Georgetown 26th May92 Haiti Port-au-Prince 1st January
93 Honduras Tegucigalpa 15th September
94 Hungary Budapest 15th March
95 Iceland Reykjavk 1st December
96 India New Delhi 15th August
97 Indonesia Jakarta 17th August
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98 Iran Tehran
99 Iraq Baghdad 3rd October
100 Ireland Dublin 24th April
101 Isle of Man Douglas
102 Israel Jerusalem 14th May
103 Italy Rome 17th March104 Jamaica Kingston 6th August
105 Japan Tokyo 11th February
106 Jersey St. Helier 9th May
107 Jordan Amman 25th May
108 Kazakhstan Astana 16th December
109 Kenya Nairobi 12th December
110 Kiribati Tarawa 12th July
111 Kosovo Prishtin 17th February
112 Kuwait Kuwait City 25th February
113 Kyrgyzstan Bishkek 31st August114 Laos Vientiane 9th July
115 Latvia Riga 18th November
116 Lebanon Beirut 22nd November
117 Lesotho Maseru 4th October
118 Liberia Monrovia 26th July
119 Libya Tripoli 24th December
120 Liechtenstein Vaduz 23rd January
121 Lithuania Vilnius 11th March
122 Luxembourg Luxembourg 23rd June
123 Macedonia Skopje 8th September
124 Madagascar Antananarivo 26th June
125 Malawi Lilongwe 6th July
126 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 31st August
127 Maldives Mal 26th July
128 Mali Bamako 22nd September
129 Malta Valletta 21st September
130 Marshall Islands Majuro 21st October
131 Martinique Fort-de-France
132 Mauritania Nouakchott 28th November
133 Mauritius Port Louis 12th March
134 Mayotte Mamoudzou135 Mexico Mexico City 16th September
136 Federated States of
Micronesia
Palikir 3rd November
137 Moldova Chiinu 27th August
138 Monaco Monaco-ville
139 Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 29th December
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140 Montenegro Podgorica 21st May
141 Montserrat Brades Estate
142 Morocco Rabat 18th November
143 Mozambique Maputo 25th June
144 Nagorno-Karabakh Stepanakert 2nd September
145 Namibia Windhoek 21st March146 Nauru Yaren (de facto) 31st january
147 Nepal Kathmandu
148 Netherlands Amsterdam 5th May
149 New Caledonia Nouma
150 New Zealand Wellington 26th September
151 Nicaragua Managua 15th September
152 Niger Niamey 3rd August
153 Nigeria Abuja 1st October
154 Niue Alofi
155 North Borneo Kota Kinabalu156 Norfolk Island Kingston
157 North Korea P'yngyang 9th September
158 Northern Cyprus North Nicosia 2nd September
159 Northern Ireland Belfast
160 Northern Mariana
Islands
Saipan
161 Norway Oslo 7th June
162 Oman Muscat
163 Pakistan Islamabad 14th August
164 Palau Ngerulmud 1st October
165 Palestinian National
Authority
Ramallah and Gaza
166 Panama Panama City 28th November
167 Papua New Guinea Port Moresby 16th September
168 Paraguay Asuncin 14th May
169 Peru Lima 28th July
170 Philippines Manila 12th June
171 Pitcairn Islands Adamstown
172 Poland Warsaw 11th November
173 Portugal Lisbon 1st December
174 Puerto Rico San Juan175 Qatar Doha 3rd Sptember
176 Republic of the Congo Brazzaville 15th August
177 Runion Saint-Denis
178 Romania Bucharest 9th May
179 Russia Moscow 24th August
180 Rwanda Kigali 1st July
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181 Saint Pierre and
Miquelon
Saint-Pierre
182 Saint Helena, Ascension
and Tristan da Cunha
Jamestown
183 Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre 19th September
184 Saint Lucia Castries 22nd February185 Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Kingstown 27th October
186 Samoa Apia 1st January
187 San Marino San Marino 3rd September
188 So Tom and Prncipe So Tom 12th July
189 Sarawak Kuching 22nd July
190 Saudi Arabia Riyadh 23rd September
191 Senegal Dakar 4th April
192 Serbia Belgrade 15th February
193 Seychelles Victoria 29th June194 Sierra Leone Freetown 27th April
195 Singapore Singapore City 9th August
196 Sint Maarten Philipsburg
197 Slovakia Bratislava 17th July
198 Slovenia Ljubljana 25th June
199 Solomon Islands Honiara 7th July
200 Somalia Mogadishu 1st July
201 South Africa Pretoria (administrative capital), Cape
Town (legislative capital), Bloemfontein,
(judicial capital)
11th December
202 South Korea Seoul 15th August
203 South Sudan Juba 9th July
204 South Ossetia Tskhinval 26th August
205 Spain Madrid 12th October
206 Sri Lanka Colombo 4th February
207 Sudan Khartoum 1st January
208 Suriname Paramaribo 25th November
209 Svalbard Longyearbyen
210 Swaziland Mbabane 6th September
211 Sweden Stockholm 6th June
212 Switzerland Bern 1st August213 Syria Damascus 17th April
214 Taiwan Taipei 10th October
215 Tajikistan Dushanbe 9th September
216 Tanzania Dodoma 9th December
217 Thailand Bangkok
218 Togo Lom 27th April
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219 Tokelau Nukunonu 6th February
220 Tonga Nukualofa 4th June
221 Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain 31st August
222 Tunisia Tunis 20th March
223 Turkey Ankara 29th October
224 Turkmenistan Ashgabat 27th October225 Turks and Caicos
Islands
Cockburn Town 30th August
226 Tuvalu Fongafale (in Funafuti) 1st October
227 Uganda Kampala 9th October
228 Ukraine Kiev 24th November
229 United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 2nd December
230 United Kingdom London 1st May
231 United States Washington, D.C. 4th July
232 Uruguay Montevideo 25th August
233 Uzbekistan Tashkent 1st September234 Vanuatu Port Vila 30th July
235 Vatican City Vatican City 11th February
236 Venezuela Caracas 5th July
237 Vietnam Hanoi 2nd September
238 Virgin Islands of the
United States
Charlotte Amalie
239 Wallis and Futuna Mat'Utu 14th July
240 Yemen Sana'a 30th November
241 Zambia Lusaka 24th October
242 Zimbabwe Harare 18th April
Highest, Longest, Largest, Tallest, Smallest
etc... in World
Significance Place
Bussiest Passenger Station Shinjuku Station
Busiest Passenger Airport Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport,USA
Biggest City in area New YorkColdest inhabitated Place Oymyakon, Russia
Driest Place Atacama Desert, Chile
Deepest Lake Baikal, Siberia
Fastest Bird Swift
Highest Railway Station Tanggula Station, Tibet, China
Highest Plateau Pamir, Tibet
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Highest Lake Titicaca , Bolivia
Highest Mountain Peak Everest. Nepal
Highest Volcano Ojos del Salado, Andes, Ecuador
Highest Waterfall Angel Falls, Venezuela
Highest Capital La Paz , Bolivia
Highest City La Rinconada, PeruHighest Airport Lhasa Airport, Tibet
Hottest inhabitated Place Dallol, Ethiopia
Largest Archipelago Indonesia
Largest Continent Asia
Largest Country by Population China
Largest Country by Size Russia
Largest Bird Ostrich
Largest City in population Tokyo
Largest Creature Blue Whale
Largest Delta Sunderban, Bangladesh & IndiaLargest Desert Sahara, Africa
Largest Dam Three Gorges, China
Largest Diamond Cullinan Diamond
Largest Dome Cowboys Stadium, Texas, USA
Largest Epic Mahabharata
Largest Island Greenland
Largest Sea South China Sea
Largest Artificial Lake by Surface Area Lake Volta, Ghana
Largest Artificial Lake by Surface
Volume
Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe and Zambia
Largest Fresh Water Lake Superior Lake
Largest Salt Water Lake Caspian Lake
Largest Library United States Library of Congress, Washington D.C.
Largest Museum The Hermitage Museum, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Largest Ocean Pacific Ocean
Largest National Park NorthEast Geenland National Park
Largest Single-Aperture Radio
Telescope
Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico
Largest Zoo by species Berlin Zoological Garden
Largest Zoo by area Red McCombs Wildlife, Texas, USA
Largest Peninsula ArabiaLargest Railway Station Grand Central Terminal, Chicago ( U.S.A. )
Largest River Amazon, South America
Largest Sea - bird Albatross
Largest Fountain Suntec city fountain of Wealth, Singapore
Largest Sewage Tunnel The Chicago Tunnel, USA
Largest Inhabited Castle Windsor Castle, UK
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Largest Orthodox Cathedral The Cathedral Church of Christ, Russia
Largest Pyramid Quetzalcoatl Pyramid
Largest Drainage Basin The Amazon Basin
Largest Cave Passage Son Doong cave, Vietnam
Lagest Glacier Lambert Glacier
Largest Swamp The Pantanal Swamp, BrazilLargest River Island Majuli, India, Assam
Largest Airport Terminal Beijing Capital International Airport, China
Largest Bay Hudson Bay, Canada
Largets Cemetary Ohlsdorf Cemetary, Hamburg, Germeny
Largest Church St. Peter's Basilica, Vetican City, Rome
Largest Lagoon Grand Lagon Sud, New Caledonia
Largest Mosque Imam Reza Shrine, Iran
Largest Convention Center World Market Center, Las Vegas, USA
Largest Gulf Gulf of Mexico
Largest Hotel The Venetian & The Palazzo, Las Vegas, USALargest Stadium Strahov Stadium, Prague
Largest Bus Fleet Andra Pradesh State Road Transport
Corporation,India
Largest Medical Center Texas Medical Center, USA
Largest Irrigation Canal All-American Canal
Largest Container Ship CMA CGM Marco Polo
Longest Railway Bridge DanyangKunshan Grand Bridge, China
Longest Irrigation Canal Karakum Canal
Longest Canal The Grand Canal, China
Longest Mountain Range Andes, South America
Longest Platform Kharagpur, India
Longest Railway Trans - Siberian railway
Longest Railway Tunnel Seikan Tunnel, Japan
Longest Road Tunnel Laedal Tunnel, Norway
Longest Wall Great Wall of China
Longest River Nile , Africa
Lowest Water Body Dead Sea
Most Active Volcano Maunaloa,Hawaii, U.S.A
Rainiest Place Mausinram, Meghalaya, India
Smallest Bird Humming Bird
Smallest Continent by Area AustraliaSmallest Country by Area Vatican City
Smallest Country by Population Vatican City
Tallest Animal Giraffe
Tallest Dam Nurek Dam, Tajikistan
Tallest Building Burj Khalifa, Dubai, UAE
Tallest Railway Station Building Nagoya Station, Japan
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Tallest Statue Spring Temple Buddha, china
Tallest Monument Gateway Arch, USA
United Nations ......Established 24th October 1945 by 51 countries
Headquarter New York, United States
Official languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
Total Membership 193 member
Present Secretary General Ban Ki-moon
First Secretary General Trygve Lie, Norway
United Nations was established San Francisco City
Permanent Members in Security Council Russia, USA, France, China and UK.
Logo designer of the United Nations Donal McLaughlin
Newest Member in UN South Sudan, 14th July 2011
Six Principal Organs The General Assembly
The Security Council
The Economic and Social Council
The Secretariat
The International Court of Justice
The United Nations Trusteeship Council
Organizations and specialized agencies of the United Nations
Name Headquarters Established
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Rome, Italy 1945
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International Labour Organization (ILO) Geneva, Switzerland 1946
International Maritime Organization (IMO) London, United Kingdom 1948
World Food Programme (WFP) Rome, Italy 1963
World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva, Switzerland 1948
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Vienna, Austria 1957
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Geneva, Switzerland 1947
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) Madrid, Spain 1974
Universal Postal Union (UPU) Bern, Switzerland 1947
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Montreal, Canada 1947
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Rome, Italy 1977
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Washington, D.C., USA 1945
World Bank (WB) Washington, D.C., USA 1945
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Geneva, Switzerland 1974
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Geneva, Switzerland 1950
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Vienna, Austria 1967
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Paris, France 1946
The UN has 4 main purposes
To keep peace throughout the world
To develop friendly relations among nations
To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger,
disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each others rights and freedoms
To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals
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Name of Parliament Houses in the World....
Country Legislature Name Lower
House
Upper
House
Afghanistan National Assembly 250 102Argentina Argentine National Congress 257 72
Australia Parliament of Australia 150 76
Austria Federal Assembly 183 62
Bangladesh House of the Nation 345
Belgium Federal Parliament 150 71
Belize National Assembly 31 12
Bhutan Parliament of Bhutan 47 25
Brazil National Congress 513 81
Brunei Legislative Council 36
Bulgaria National Assembly 240Chile National Congress 120 38
China National People's Congress 2,987
Colombia Congress 166 102
Cuba National Assembly of People's Power 614
Czech Republic Parliament of the Czech Republic 200 81
Denmark Parliament 179
Egypt Parliament 508 270
Finland Parliament 200
France Parliament 577 348
Greece Hellenic Parliament 300
Hungary National Assembly 386
Iceland Assembly of All 63
India Parliament 552 250
Indonesia People's Consultative Assembly 560 132
Iran Assembly 290
Iraq Council of Representatives of Iraq 325
Ireland Parliament 166 60
Israel Assembly 120
Italy Italian Parliament 630 315
Japan Diet 480 242
Jordan National Assembly 120 60Korea, North Supreme People's Assembly 687
Korea, South National Assembly 300
Kuwait National Assembly 50
Libya General National Congress 200
Mauritius National Assembly 70
Mexico Congress of the Union 500 128
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Netherlands States-General 150 75
New Zealand House of Representatives 120
Pakistan Assembly of Councillors 336 104
Russia Federal Assembly 450 166
Singapore Parliament 99
South Africa Parliament 400 90Spain General Courts 350 266
Sri Lanka Parliament 225
Syria People's Assembly 250
Switzerland Federal Assembly 200 46
Ukraine Supreme Council 450
United Arab Emirates Federal National Assembly 40
United Kingdom Parliament 650 765
United States Congress 435 100
Uruguay General Assembly 99 30
Venezuela National Assembly 165Vietnam National Assembly 498
Zimbabwe Parliament 210 40
World Cup Cricket Records....First world cup match was played at Lord's, London on 7th June 1975 between England v India. England
won the match by 202 runs.
DL Amiss from England is the first batsmen to score a hundred in World Cup. He scores 137 against
India in the first match of World Cup.
1975 World Cup is the only ODI World Cup which didn't feature a sub-continent team in the semi-
finals.
Mohinder Amaranth is the first bowler to take wicket in World Cup.
Chetan Sharma was the first bowler to take a hat-trick in a Cricket World Cup.
Sachin Tendulkar of India holds the records of scoring most runs (2278), highest number of centuries
(6) and highest number of fifties (21).
Ricky Ponting of Australia holds the record of most sixes (31), most matches as captain (29), most
catches by a fielder (28) and most appearances (46).
Australian Glenn McGrath take most wickets (71), most wickets in a world cup tournament (26) and
best bowling figures (7-15 against Namibia).
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Adam Gilchrist of Australia holds the record of most dismissals as wicketkeeper (52), most dismissals in
a series (21) and most dismissals in an innings (6).
India holds the record of highest score in a match. India score 413 for 5 wickets against Bermuda in
2007.
Australia hold the records of most wins (55 matches), 100% win in two world cup series (2003 and
2007), most consecutive wins (25 match).
Zimbabwe holds the records of most losses (37 match) and most consecutive defeats (18 matches).
Canada score 36 run against Sri Lanka in 2003 World Cup, which is lowest ever score by a team.
Ireland holds the record of highest successful run chase (329-7) in World Cup. It was against England,
2011.
India wins by 257 run against Bermuda, 2007 which is the highest winning margin by runs in any world
cup match.
Record for highest partnership holds by Rahul Dravid & Sourav Ganguly, India with 318 runs
against Sri Lanka in 1999.
Fastest century score by Kevin O'Brien of Ireland against England (2011) in 50 balls.
MC Snedden, New Zealand conceded most runs in an innings with 105 runs in 12 over against England
in 1983.
Lance Klusener, South Africa holds the record of highest average (124.00) and highest strike rate
(121.17).
Best economy rate by a bowler Andy Roberts of West Indies 3.24.
Zaheer Khan of India with 27.1 holds the record fo best strike rate.
Fastest fifty records hold by New Zealand Brendon McCullum against Canada, in 20 balls
Highest score in an innings by Gary Kirsten of South Africa against UAE. He scores 188.
Scotland concedes most extras in an innings (59) against Pakistan, 1999.
Headingley Cricket Ground, Leeds hosted highest number of matches with 12.
David Shepherd of England attends as umpire in 46 matches which is a record.
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FIFA World Cup FootBall Uruguay is the first nation to win World Cup, 1930. Lucien Laurent of France scored the first goal in World Cup history. Most goals in a tournament by one team by Hungary, with 27 goals in 1954 WorldCup Match. Most goals scored in a tournament is 171 goals in 1998 World Cup Match. With 67 win, Brazil win most matches in World Cup. With 24 losses, Mexico lost most matches in World Cup. Brazil wins World Cup for 5 times (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002), most by any
team. Germany and Brazil finishes most times in top two places in FIFA World Cup, 7 each. Brazil has the record of Most World Cup appearances, 19 times. They have played
every tournament till now from beginning. Most matches played by Lothar Matthus , Germany with 25 matches. Most matches played by Germany, 99 matches. Italy has most draws with 21 matches. Most goals scored by Brazil 210. Most goals conceded by Germany with 117 till now in World Cup. Brazil, In 2002 World Cup win 7 matches, most by any team in a single World Cup
tournament. In 1954 World Cup Hungary scored 27 goals, most goal scored by a team in a single
World Cup tournament. Norman Whiteside, Northern Ireland is the youngest player to appeared in World
Cup at the age of 17 years and 41 days. Roger Milla from Cameroon is the oldest player to play in World Cup at the age of 42
years and 39 days. Most consecutive wins by Brazil with 11 win from 2002 to 2006. Most consecutive losses by Mexico with 9 matches 1930 to 1958. Most tournaments played by Antonio Carbajal, Mexico and Lothar Matthus,
Germany. Both have played 5 World Cup tournaments. Ronaldo, Brazil (19982006) scored most goals in World Cup with 15 goals. Just Fontaine, France scored 13 goals in 1958 World Cup, most goals scored in a
tournament. Cafu from Brazil played most matches won, 16. Diego Maradona, Argentina( 19861994), has the record of Most appearances as
captain with 16 matches. Peter Shilton from England is the oldest captain in World Cup at the age of 40 years
and 292 days. Most goals scored in a match by Oleg Salenko(Russia vs. Cameroon, 1994) with 5
goals. Most goals scored in one Final by Geoff Hurst (England vs. West Germany, 1966)
with 3 goals. Most hat-tricks by Sndor Kocsis (Hungary), Just Fontaine (France), Gerd Mller
(West Germany) and Gabriel Batistuta (Argentina) each 2 times.
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Youngest hat-trick scorer is Pele, Brazil at 17 years and 244 days. Fastest goal in a Fifa World Cup by Hakan kr (Turkey vs. Korea Republic, 2002)
in 10.89 seconds. Most goals scored in a final; by one team is Brazil in 1958 World Cup Match with 5
goals. Most times hosted by Mexico, Italy, France, Germany 1974 and Brazil each 2 times. Most Attendance in World Cup final match is 114,600, Argentina v West Germany,
1986, Mexico World Cup 1986.
Year Host Winners Runners-up
1930 Uruguay Uruguay Argentina1934 Italy Italy Czechoslovakia1938 France Italy Hungary1950 Brazil Uruguay Brazil1954 Switzerland West Germany Hungary1958 Sweden Brazil Sweden
1962 Chile Brazil Czechoslovakia1966 England England West Germany1970 Mexico Brazil Italy1974 West Germany West Germany Netherlands1978 Argentina Argentina Netherlands1982 Spain Italy West Germany1986 Mexico Argentina West Germany1990 Italy West Germany Argentina1994 United States Brazil Italy1998 France France Brazil2002 S Korea & Japan Brazil Germany
2006 Germany Italy France2010 South Africa Spain Netherlands
Father of NationNation Person Name
Afghanistan Ahmad Shah Durrani
Argentina Don Jos de San Martn
Australia Sir Henry ParkesBahamas Sir Lynden Pindling
Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Bolivia Simn Bolvar
Brazil Dom Pedro I andJos Bonifcio de Andrada e Silva
Burma Aung San
Cambodia Norodom Sihanouk
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Chile Bernardo O'Higgins
Republic of China Sun Yat-sen
Colombia Simn Bolvar
Sweden Gustav I of Sweden
Croatia Ante Starevid
Cuba Carlos Manuel de CspedesDominican Republic Juan Pablo Duarte
Ecuador Simn Bolvar
Ghana Kwame Nkrumah
Guyana Cheddi Jagan
Haiti Jean-Jacques Dessalines
India Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Indonesia Sukarno
Iran Cyrus the Great
Israel Theodor Herzl
Italy Victor Emmanuel II
Kenya Jomo Kenyatta
Republic of Korea Kim Gu
Kosovo Ibrahim Rugova
Lithuania Jonas Basanaviius
Macedonia Krste Misirkov
Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman
Mauritius Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
Mexico Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Mongolia Genghis Khan
Namibia Sam Nujoma
Netherlands William the Silent
Norway Einar Gerhardsen
Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah
Panama Simn Bolvar
Peru Don Jos de San Martn
Portugal Dom Afonso Henriques
Russia Peter I of Russia
Saudi Arabia Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia
Scotland Donald Dewar
Serbia Dobrica osid
Singapore Lee Kuan Yew
Slovenia Primo Trubar
South Africa Nelson Mandela
Spain Fernando el Catlico
Sri Lanka Don Stephen Senanayake
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Suriname Johan Ferrier
Tanzania Julius Nyerere
Turkey Mustafa Kemal Atatrk
United Arab Emirates Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
United States George Washington
Uruguay Jos Gervasio ArtigasVenezuela Simn Bolvar
Vietnam Ho Chi Minh
Important Intenational Lines......Durand Line: Between Pakistan and Afghanistan, demarcated by Sir Mortimer Durand
in 1896.
Hindenberg Line: The line to which the Germans retreated in 1917 during the First World
War, defines the boundary between Germany and Poland.
Line of Control: It divides Kashmir between India and Pakistan.
Maginot Line: Boundary between France and Germany.
Mannerheim Line: Drawn by General Mannerheim; fortification on the Russia and Finland
border.
McMahon Line: The boundary between India and China as demarcated by Sir
Henry McMahon in 1914.
Oder Niesse Line: Boundary between Germany and Poland.
Radcliffe Line: Drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe in 1947 as demarcation between India and
Pakistan.
Seigfrid Line: Line of fortification drawn by Germany on its border with France.
17th Parallel: Boundary between North Vietnam and South Vietnam before two wereunited.
24th Parallel: Line which Pakistan claims for demarcation between India and Pakistan.
This, however, is not recognized by India
26th Parallel south :It is a circle of latitude which crosses through Africa, Australia and South
America.
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30th Parallel north :It is a line of latitude that stands one-third of the way between the
equator and the North Pole.
33rd Parallel north :It is a circle of latitude which cuts through the southern United States,
parts of North Africa, parts of the Middle East, and China.
35th Parallel north: Boundary between the State of North Carolina and the State of Georgia
and the boundary between the State of Tennessee arid the State of
Georgia, the State of Albama, and the State of Mississippi.
36th Parallel: Forms the southermost boundary of the State of Missouri with the State
of Arkansas.
36o30' Parallel north: Forms the boundary between the Tenessee and the Commonwealth of
Kentucky between the Tennessee River and the Mississippi River, the
boundary between Missouri and Arkansas west of the White River, and
the northermost boundary between the Texas and the Oklahoma.
37th Parallel north: It formed the southern boundary of the historic and extralegal Territory
of Jefferson.
38th Parallel :Is the parallel of latitude which separates North Korea and South Korea.
39th Parallel north: Is an imaginary circle of latitude that is 39 degrees north of Earth's
equatorial plane.
40th Parallel north :Formed the original northern boundary of the British Colony ofMaryland.
41st Parallel north :Forms the northern boundary of the State of Colorado with Nebraska
and Wyoming and the southern boundary of the State of Wyoming with
Colorado and Utah.
42nd Parallel north :Forms most of the New York - Pennsylvania Border.
43rd Parallel north :Forms most of the boundary between the State of Nebraska and the
State of South Dakota and also formed the northern border of the
historic and extralegal Territory of Jefferson.
Parallel 44o north :It is an imaginary circle of latitude that is 44 degrees north of the
Earth's equatorial plane.
45th Parallel north: It is often the halfway point between the Equator and the North Pole.
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The 45th parallel: It makes up most of the boundary between Montana and Wyoming.
49th Parallel :It is the boundary between USA and Canada.
Animal World......Biggest Eyes Bird: Ostriches
Biggest Bird: North African ostrich
Deadliest Animal: Female Anopheles mosquitoes, which carry malaria, kill more
than a million people each year.
Fastest animal in Land: Cheetahs can run between 112 and 120 km/hr (70 and 75
mph)
Fastest animal in Water: Sailfish can swim up to 68 miles per hour.
Fastest animal in Air: Peregrine falcons, they can fly 70 miles/hour and dive toward
the earth at more than 200 miles per hour.
Fastest Bird in Land: Ostriches is the fastest bird on land, running up to 40 miles per
hour
Fastest Swimming Bird: Gentoo Penguin can swim 40 km per hour
Fastest Mammal in water: Dall Porpoises can swim up to 35 miles per hour.
Heaviest Flying Bird: The Dalmatian Pelican
Heaviest cephalopod: Colossal squid
Highest jumper: Kangaroo, can jump up to 10ft
Longest arms: The Gibbon
Longest Gestation: Asian elephants are born after a gestation period of 19 to 22months.
Longest Lifespan: Tortoise, more than 150 years
Loudest Animal: Blue whales' low-frequency pulses are as loud as 188 decibels
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Loudest Animal in Land: Howler monkeys, whose howl can be heard 4.8km away.
Longest Migration: Arctic Terns migrate between Greenland and Antarctica each
year travelling about 71,000 kilometers.
Longest jumper: Snow Leopard, can jump up to 15m
Largest Animal: Blue whales are the largest animals of all time.
Largest Animal in land: African elephants are the heaviest and second tallest land
animals.
Largest Invertebrate: Colossal Squid, reaching lengths of 10m, are the largest
invertebrates.
Largest Carnivores: The Southern elephant seal.
Largest Reptile: The Saltwater Crocodile. An adult male saltwater crocodiles
weight is 409 to 1,000 kilograms (9002,200 lb) and length is
normally 4.1 to 5.5 meters (1318 ft).
Largest Snake: The Green Anaconda
Most Venomous Animal: A single box jellyfish has enough venom to kill 60 adult humans
Smallest Mammal: Adult bumblebee bats, which live in Thailand, weigh about two
grams.
Smallest Bird: Male bee hummingbirds weigh 0.056 ounces and are 2.75
inches in length.
Strongest Animal: The rhinoceros beetle can lift 850 times its own weight.
Tallest Land Animal: Giraffe. It stands 56 m (1620 ft) tall
Autobiography ListAuthor Name Book Name Published
Year
Akira Kurosawa Something Like An Autobiography 1981
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Wings of Fire 1999
Adolf Hitler Mein Kampf 1925
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Aerosmith Walk This Way 1997
Agatha Christie An Autobiography 1977
Albert Einstein Autobiographical Notes 1949
Andre Agassi Open: An Autobiography 2009
Anne Frank The Diary of a Young Girl 1947
Annie Besant Annie Besant: An Autobiography 1908Arnold
Schwarzenegger
Total Recall: My Unbelievably True Life Story
Bill Clinton My Life 2004
Babur Baburnama
Barack Obama Dreams from My Father 1996
Benito Mussolini My Autobiography: With the Political and Social
Doctrine of Fascism
1928
Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin 1791
Bertrand Russell The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell 1951
Charles Darwin The Recollections of the Development of My Mind andCharacter
1887
Charles Dickens Autobiographical Fragment 1847
Charlie Chaplin My Autobiography 1964
Dalai Lama Freedom in Exile 1991
Hillary Rodham
Clinton
Living History 2003
Jawaharlal Nehru An Autobiography 1936
Jean-Paul Sartre The Words 1964
Leo Tolstoy My Confession 1884
Margaret Thatcher Margaret Thatcher: The Autobiography
Marilyn Monroe My Story
Mahatma Gandhi The Story of My Experiments with Truth 1929
Mark Twain Mark Twain's Autobiography, posthumous 1907
Marlon Brando Songs My Mother Taught Me 1995
Maxim Gorky My Childhood 1913
Michael Jackson Moonwalk 1988
Muhammad Ali The Greatest: My Own Story 1975
Nelson Mandela A Long Walk to Freedom 1994
Nirad C. Chaudhuri The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian 1951
Oscar Wilde De Profundis 1897
Ronald Reagan An American Life: The Autobiography 1990Ronald Reagan An American Life 1990
Ronald Reagan The Reagan Diaries 2007
Sigmund Freud An Autobiographical Study 1925
Thomas Jefferson Autobiography 1743-1790 1821
Usain Bolt Faster than Lightning: My Autobiography 2013
Walter Benjamin Unpacking My Library 1931
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Winston Churchill Memoirs of the Second World War 1959
Winston Churchill My Early Life: 1874-1904 1930
January, 201331st January:
30th January:
World anti Leprosy Day is observed to create awareness about the air-bornedisease.
Social Activist Anna Hazare declares his party name as Jantantra Morcha which willnot participate in election.
29th January:
Tiger Woods win his 75th PGA Tour title in the Farmers Insurance Open at TorreyPines.
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reduced repo rate by 25 points. World Winter games, 2013 started in PyeongChang, South Korea.
28th January:
Mumbai win Ranji trophy final at Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai defeating Saurashtra. World No. 1 Novak Djokovic defeated Andy Murray to win Australian Open, 2013
final.
27th January:
England defeat India in the fifth and final ODI in Dharamshala .26th January:
India celebrated its 64th Republic Day. King of Bhutan participates as Chief Guest for the Republic Day Parade. 4 Padma Vibhushan, 24 Padma Bhushan and 80 Padma Shri awards has been
declared on the occasion of Republic Day of India by Govt. of India. Sreeramamurthy Janaki, the renowned playback singer refused to accept the Padma
Bhushan. Victoria Azarenka ofBelarus wins Australian Open Womens Singles by defiting Li
Na of China. Centre Constituted New High Court for Manipur, Meghalaya And Tripura.
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25th January:
Milos Zeman elected as Czech Republic President, first person to be directly elected . 3rd National Voters Day observe in India.
24th January:
23rd January:
Uddhav Thackeray elected as Shiv Sena President.22th January:
Olympic medalists Saina Nehwal and Meri Kom will be the Election Commission's(EC) national icons.
Rajnath Singh was elected as BJP President.21st January:
20th January:
19th January:
Rahul Gandhi elected as vice-president of Indian National Congress. Prof. Ved Praksah appointed as Chairman of the University Grants Commission on
(UGC).
18th January:
Jharkhand was brought under President's rule. Congress partys 3-day Chintan Shivir started at Jaipur.
17th January:
16th January:
Om Prakash Chautala, Ajay Chautala and two IAS officers were arrested for Trainedteachers hiring case of 1999.
15th January:
Pakistans Supreme Court ordered arrest of Prime Minister Raja Pervez Ashraf in acorruption case.
14th January:
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Mahakumbh Mela started on the occasion of Makar Sankranti at Allahabad on theconfluence of Ganges, Yamuna and Saraswati.
13th January:
12th January:
11th January:
Microsoft announced its plans to shut down Messenger service from its operatingsystem.
10th January:
9th January:
8th January:
Akbaruddin Owaisi, MIM Party MLA arrested for making hate speech. Haryana Chief Minister inugrated National Data Centre of Unique Identification
Authority of India (UIDAI) data center at Maneshar, Gurgaon. The data centre will beready by June 2014.
7th January:
Lionel Messi wins fourth consecutive Fifa Ballon d'Or in Zurich. 11th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) start in Kochi.
6th January:
5th January:
4th January:
Virat Kohli named as the International Cricketer of the Year at the CEAT CricketAwards. Pakistan named as best International Cricket Team.
3rd January:
2nd January:
1st January:
Astronautical Society of India (ASI) selected Dr. A.E. Muthunayagam, for 2011 andDr. V.K. Saraswat for Aryabhatta Award, for 2011.
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February, 201328th February
National Science Day was observed.27th February
Chuck Hagel appointed as the new Secretary of Defense of the United States.26th February
Railway Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal presented the Railway Budget for 2013-14 inParliament.
Delhi becomes the first state in the country to impose complete ban on manualscavenging.
Microsoft introduces Internet Explorer 10. Indian captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni equaled record of Sourav Ganguly with 21st
test cricket win after defeating Australia by 8 wickets.
25th February
Park Geun-hye sworn in as the first woman President of South Korea. Maghi Purnima Snan in of Mahakumbh 2013 at Allahabad.
24th February
Jelena Jankovic, the former world no. 1 won the WTA Copa Claro Colsanitas Cup2013.
85th Academy Awards for Oscar,2013 ceremony took place Assam became the first state in India to produce over 500 million kilogram tea for
two years in a row. Mahendra Singh Dhoni became the first Indian wicket-keeper to score double-
century in a test match while scoring unbeaten 206 runs against Australia.
23rd February
22th February
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 22 February 2013 issued final guidelines for issuinglicenses for opening new banks
Harbhajan Singh played his 100th test while playing against Australia in M.A.Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai.
21st February
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The Union Cabinet approved merger of Bharat Heavy Plate & Vessels Ltd. (BHPV)with Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL).
Ratan Tata is awarded the life time achievement award 2012 by Ernst & Young. Two bombs exploded in Dilsukhnagar, Hyderabad kill 14 people.
20th February
Virat Kohli appointed as the captain of Royal Challengers Bangalore for IPL, 2013. Boiko Borisov announced resignation as Prime Minister of Bulgaria.
19th February
Vishwanath Prasad Tiwari appointed as Chairman of the Sahitya Academy.18th February
Vishwanathan Anand wins the Grenke Classic Chess tournament. Social Worker Ela Bhatt awarded with Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace for 2011. She is
the founder of SEWA.
17th February
Rafael Nadal defeated David Nalbandian in to win the Brazil Open. Australia wins ICC Womens World Cup Trophy. In the final, they defeat defeated
West Indies by 114 runs. The Romanian film Child's Pose(Pozitia Copilului) bagged the Golden Bear prize
for best film at the 63rd Berlin film festival.
16th February
Serena Williams became the new World number one womens tennis player afterreaching Semifinals of Qatar Open Tennis Championship in Doha.
15th February
In Chelyabinsk, Russia hit by a huge meteor shower, this injured at least 750 people.14th February
Y Bhaskar Rao, the former Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court, sworn in as theLokayukta.
US Airways and American Airlines merge to become the Worlds biggest airlineservice.
13th February
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Asoke Kumar Mukerji is appointed as Permanent Representative of India to theUnited Nations.
Mohan Parasaran is appointed as the new Solicitor General of India.12th February
North Korea conducted its third Nuclear Test at North Hamgyeong Province. Kalyan Kumar Chakravarty appointed as the chairman of Lalit Kala Akademi. International Olympics Committee (IOC) announced its decision to drop wrestling
from the list of core sports in Olympics.
11th February
Pope Benedict XVI announced that he would resign at the end of the month.10th February
36 people died as stampede took place at the Allahabad railway. Ranchi Rhinos beat Delhi Waveriders 2-1 to win theHockey India League (HIL). Chinese new year celebrated. Rest of India team win Irani Trophy.
9th February
Parliament Attack Convict, Afzal Guru hanged at Tihar Jail. Pandit Ravi Shankar honoured with the posthumous Lifetime Achievement Grammy
award. MCX-SX, new stock exchange of India inaugurated by Finance Minister P.
Chidambaram.
8th February
Sachin Tendulkar scored his 81st century in first class cricket and equaled therecord of Sunil Gavaskar.
7th February
The Supreme Court of India ordered Karnataka to release 2.44 thousand millioncubic feet of Cauvery water to Tamil Nadu.
6th February
Sally Jewell is appointed as new Interior Secretary of USA.5th February
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ICICI Bank partnered with Aircel, launch of their mobile banking service calledMobile Money.
Malda, WestBengal becomes Indias first all-women judicial magistrates court(JMC).
4th February
Michael Clarke wins Allan Border Medal. World cancer day was observed raise awareness about cancer.
3rd February
India lost the Davis Cup Asia Oceania (Group-1) tie to South Korea.2nd February
John Kerry replaced Hillary Clinton as United States new Secretary of State.1st February
Graeme Smith, South Africa becomes the first player in test cricket history to lead in100 test matches.
March, 2013
30th March:
BJP announces core team. Varun Gandhi, Amit Shah, Rajiv Pratap Rudy, JP Nandaand Murlidhar Rao were elevated as the party's General Secretary by the BJPpresident Rajnath Singh.
Serena Williams win Miami masters open Tennis Tournament for record sixth time. Social activist Anna Hazare started his Jantantra Yatra from Jallianwala Bagh.
29th March:
North Korea declares ''state of war'' against South Korea. Former Pakistan President Musharraf barred from going out of Pak.
28th March:
Nelson Mandela admitted in hospital with lung infection in Johannesburg. New Zealand batsman Jesse Ryder is in hospital at Christchurch after suffering
serious head injuries in an altercation outside a local bar.
27th March:
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India celebrates Holi. 2,290 rhinos found in Kaziranga National Park, Assam as per the census conducted
in the park. Tiger Woods regained his world no. 1 spot in PGA rankings after he win The Arnold
Palmer Invitation at Orlando, Florida.
26th March:
Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi resigned on Tuesday over his government'sdecision to return t