Workshop on Tools and Indicators for Assessing …...1. Introduction Draft Mie Prefecture Urban Planning Guideline for the Mitigation of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster (2015) Short

Development and Application ofWeb-based Geographical Information System

to Assess Urban Resilience: Land Use and Infrastructure Planning for

the Greater Nagoya Region, Japan

Akito MURAYAMAAssociate Professor, Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo

U HIROIAssociate Professor, Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Nagoya University

Yoshihiro CHIBAProject Researcher, Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Nagoya University

Workshop on Tools and Indicators for Assessing Urban ResilienceDecember 7-10 , 2015 / The University of Tokyo

Organized by Global Carbon Project-Tsukuba International Office in Collaboration with NIES, APN, UGEC, WUDAPT and IR3S

Risks to be considered in long-range land use and infrastructure planning for Japanese Cities

Progressive risksn  Decline of working populationn  Hyper-agingn  Economic stagnationn  Widening disparityn  Governments’ financial difficultiesn  Intensification of environmental problems (climate change, energy, food, water, etc.)

Sudden risksn  Frequent occurrence of disasters (major earthquake, tsunami, typhoon, isolated rain, volcanic eruption, etc.)

1. Introduction

“Networked Compact City” or any other sustainable urban form

Inevitable to direct the de-intensification or even the withdrawal of existing urban areas at high risks

Consensus building and decision making process will be a great challenge

Current City Planning System in Japan

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism “Introduction of Urban Land Use Planning System in Japan”http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000234477.pdf

Static system based on 1968 City Planning Act presupposing population growth and urban growth

1. Introduction

+ Municipal Master Plans from 1992+ City Planning Area Master Plans from 2000

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism “Introduction of Urban Land Use Planning System in Japan”http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000234477.pdf

Division of UPA and UCA

District Plan - Detailed regulations and projects 12 category land use zones

1. Introduction Current City Planning System in Japan

Attracting Urban Functionsin Urban Function Attraction Area

Attracting Residents and Maintaining Population Densityin Dwelling Attraction Area

Lowering Population Density and Managing Vacant Propertiesoutside Dwelling Attraction Area Provision of Public Transit

Urbanization Promotion Area

Urbanization Control Area

1. Introduction Location Optimization Plan（立地適正化計画）

Central Part of Owase City / Google

Hikarigaoka Neighborhood

Young families moving to higher places to avoid earthquake tsunami disaster (Owase City, Mie Pref.)

Earthquake tsunami disaster assumption in the old city and and new development on higher places

1. Introduction

1. Introduction

Draft Mie Prefecture Urban Planning Guideline for the Mitigation　of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster (2015)

Short Term Measures to Protect Lives (-10 years)- Building Evacuation Ways and Facilities- Showing Damage Estimates

Mid Term Measures to Sustain Urban Functions and Reducing Damages (-20 years)- Changing Land Use Regulations - Relocating Important Facilities

Long Term Measures to Create Resilient and Sustainable Cities (-50 years)- Transforming Urban Structure

Measures for Improving Urban Resilience

Tokyo Region : 35 million

Nagoya Region: 10 million

Osaka Region: 20 million

★★★

Suzuka City: 200,000

1. Introduction

2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System

Web-based Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System equipped with various geographical information of urban region including existing conditions and plans related to land use and infrastructure as well as disaster assumption of earthquake, landslide, land liquefaction, tsunami and flood

研究者が考える魅せる減災まちづくり「都市圏減災プランニング⼿手法」に関する都市計画系専⾨門家ワークショップ　2014.8.23

⼟土地条件図

2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information SystemLand Classification

2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information SystemInfrastructure


災害危険度度（津波浸⽔水深）

2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information SystemTsunami Depth


Flood Depth2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System


Landslide2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System


Soil Liquefaction2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System


Relative Population Change (2005-2010)2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System


Population Forecast (2010-2050)2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System


Urban and Regional Master Plans, and Other Information2. Disaster Mitigation Planning Information System

3. Workshop Using the System

Neighborhood Scale / Tablet

Free Input Layer

Land Use, Building, Infra., Hazards, Population, etc.

Base Map Layer, Aerial Photo

Info. from Institutions and Citizens

Database (Server)

PC Individual Use

Tablet Field Workshop

Monitor Events


Regional Scale / Large Projector

City Scale / Ultra Short Focus Projector

Drawing up disaster scenarios

Preparation of data on disaster and land use

Preparation

step①

Regional w

orkshop

Stage Step Content of investigation Output

Preparation of visualization tool

step ②

step ③

step ④

step ⑤

step ⑥

step ⑦

step ⑧

step ⑨

Check of existing plansClassification of urban areas (present state)

Visualization of population data and hazard data

Formulation of regional community-based disaster-mitigation plana. Re-examination of regional land useb. Re-examination of location of industryc. Re-examination of infrastructure and facility development

Determination of policy for urban development

Community-based disaster-mitigation plans for local area or district

Entering data to "community-based disaster-mitigation planning" portal

District workshop

Archiving

Policy for urban development

Regional disaster-mitigation plan


U Hiroi, Akito Murayama, Yoshihiro Chiba, Hisashi Komatsu, Masafumi Mori, Keiichi Yamada, Masato Yamazaki and Nobuo Fukuwa: A Proposal of Multi-Scale Urban Disaster Mitigation Planning that Takes Regional Issues into Consideration, Journal of Disaster Research, Vol.10, No.5. pp.887-899, 2015

Basic Flow

4. Workshop for the Greater Nagoya Region

4. Workshop for the Greater Nagoya RegionWorkshop Products

U Hiroi, Akito Murayama, Yoshihiro Chiba, Hisashi Komatsu, Masafumi Mori, Keiichi Yamada, Masato Yamazaki and Nobuo Fukuwa: A Proposal of Multi-Scale Urban Disaster Mitigation Planning that Takes Regional Issues into Consideration, Journal of Disaster Research, Vol.10, No.5. pp.887-899, 2015

4. Workshop for the Greater Nagoya RegionSummarizedWorkshop Product

Suzuka Cityscape from the City Government Building - Population: 197,173 (February 1, 2015) - Area: 194.46 km2 - Population Density: 1,010 persons/km2 - Industrial City with Asahi Kasei, Kanebo (fabric-

related), Honda Motor Company, automobile-related factories, Suzuka Circuit (motorsport)

5. Workshop for Suzuka City

5. Workshop for Suzuka City- Draft Suzuka City Master Plan (2015) - City planners interested in disaster mitigation of the coastal area - Draft Mie Prefecture Urban Planning Guideline for the Mitigation　of

Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster (2015) - Officials interested in guiding municipal governments update their master plans taking disaster mitigation into consideration

Draft Suzuka City Master Plan (2015)

Vibrant Urban Development - Intensification of urban centers for

retail revitalization - Land use to promote new

industries and regional interaction - Smooth network of arterial roads

and adequate roadside land use - New developments near Suzuka

Interchange and Suzuka Parking Area Smart Interchange

- Maintenance and revitalization of

existing industries to support residents’ life and employment


Disaster Prevention and Mitigation - Promotion of measures for

earthquake/tsunami, floods and landslides

- Promotion of disaster prevention

and mitigation in high density urban areas

- Development of evacuation

places and routes Estimated edge of tsunami in case of Nankai-Trough Major Earthquake Potential re-zoning areas (low-rise residential area with 10m height limit)



Compact Settlements - Intensification of land use and

attraction of urban functions in major centers

- Conservation and development

of high-quality residential areas in Urbanization Promotion Area

- Conservation and planned

development of designated existing settlements in Urbanization Control Area



High Mobility - Building a network of safe and

smooth roads - Universal design of

neighborhood streets, school routes and bicycle lanes

- Better public transport services

and improvement of conveniences in transport nodes



Water, Greenery and Landscape - Conservation and utilization of

abundant natural environment and hubs of green spaces and parks

- Conservation of high-quality

agricultural land and promotion of sustainable agriculture

- Promotion of greening in public

facilities and private properties - Landscape based on history,

culture and natural resources - Creation of attractive landscape



City boundary River and water body National land corridor Regional corridor Arterial Roads Train Corridor Residential Commercial (Transit terminal, regional and local types) Roadside or neighborhood commercial Existing and new industrial Suzuka Interchange Sports and Recreation Academic Research Agricultural Rural Settlements Natural (Conservation, utilization and recreation types) Urban green space New land demand Re-zoning Smart interchange utilization Sports and recreation Rainbow Hills development Urban expansion (industrial) Urban expansion (residential)

Boundaries

Corridors

Zones

5. Workshop for Suzuka CityLand Use Policy Map


5. Workshop for Suzuka CityWorkshop Product

6. Concluding Notes

Trials of collaborative workshops using web-based geographical information system for the Greater Nagoya Region n  Multi-scale: neighborhood, urban and region

ü  Analog drawing on paper cannot expand or shrink

n  Allowed researchers, planners and decision makers to come up with some new ideas of long-range land use and infrastructure planning

ü  Digitalization of brainstorming or graphic facilitation (creative part of planning) seems difficult

n  Database must be updated regularly and upon request to meet the needs of various workshops, and data must be in appropriate resolution

n  Collection and sharing of workshop products

n  The team of data specialist, graphical facilitator, system operator with planning knowledge is essential

Documents

Workshop on Tools and Indicators for Assessing …...1. Introduction Draft Mie Prefecture Urban Planning Guideline for the Mitigation of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster (2015) Short