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LNG III Metrology WorkshopIntroduction and project overview
Menne Schakel (VSL) & Asaad Kenbar (NEL)
Aberdeen, 25 October 2018
Introduction
� LNGIII: Metrological Support for LNG and LBG as Transport Fuel
� This work is part of the European Metrology Programme for
Innovation and Research (EMPIR)
� EMPIR follows on from the successful European Metrology
Research Programme (EMRP) executed between 2010-2017
� EMPIR has been developed as an integrated part of Horizon 2020,
the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation
[Horizon 2020 is the biggest EU Research and Innovation
programme ever with nearly €80 billion of funding available over 7
years (2014 to 2020)
It promises more breakthroughs, discoveries and world-firsts by
taking great ideas from the lab to the market.]
Introduction
� EMPIR calls have an allocated total budget of €600M, with
€300M from the participating states and up to €300M from the
European Commission
� EMPIR calls will focus on EU's Grand Challenges in Health,
Energy, Environment and Industry, and to progress
fundamental measurement science
� LNG flow measurement and its traceability has been identified
as a challenge and priority area to address
Why LNG for Transportation?
� To address EU Clean Fuel
Strategy, LNG & LBG are
proposed as alternative fuels to
Diesel
� LNG as fuel meets the new limits
for sulphur content in marine fuels
� Also meets NOx emissions limits
for marine engines
� Engines running on LNG produce
far less noise than diesel-operated
engines
� Shipping
− Stricter emission regulations
− Clients of transport companies ask for cleaner transport
− Cost advantages LNG vs other fuels
− Worldwide nearly 100 vessels were LNG powered last yearand same amount will be built until 2022, more than 220 LNG vessel projects are being confirmed.
− In the Netherlands: 19% of the fleet to consider LNG as anoption until 2030
� Road Transport
− CO2 reduction 10-15% and more (80%) by using bio-LNG
− Reduction air pollution (NOx, SO2 and particulates)
− Reduction noise pollution
− 400 LNG trucks in the Netherlands, 20 fuelling locations (end 2016)
− Goal set for 2030: 25% of truck-trailer fleet being LNG fuelled.
− By comparison: ~300,000 LNG trucks in China
Why LNG for Transportation?
VSL – Beyond all doubt! 6
Duration of the project: June 1st 2017 – May 31st 2020
WP No Work Package Title Active Partners (WP leader in bold) Months
WP1Reduced uncertainty for dynamic flow
measurements
NEL, VSL, Cesame, CMI, JV, Reganosa, UCov,
Gas Natural
53.3
WP2Traceable small scale liquefier and density
measurementsVSL, INRIM, NEL, NPL, RUB
66.7
WP3 Smart sensor development and testingTNO, Cesame, PTB, VTT, Mestrelab, Reganosa,
TUBS, Gas Natural
28.9
WP4 Smart sensor validation and engine testsPTB, Cesame, VTT, Mestrelab, Reganosa, TNO,
TUBS, Gas Natural
52.0
WP5 Creating impact
JV, VSL, Cesame, CMI, INRIM, NEL, NPL, PTB,
VTT, Mestrelab, Reganosa, RUB, TNO, TUBS,
UCov, Gas Natural
22.9
WP6 Management and coordinationVSL, Cesame, CMI, INRIM, JV, NEL, NPL, PTB,
VTT, Mestrelab, Reganosa, RUB, TNO, TUBS,
UCov, Gas Natural
17.6
Total months 241.4
Outlook EMPIR 16ENG09 LNG III
VSL – Beyond all doubt! 7
Work package leaders
WP No Work Package Title Active Partners (WP leader in bold)
WP1 Reduced uncertainty for dynamic flow measurements NEL, Asaad Kenbar, [email protected]
WP2Traceable small scale liquefier and density
measurementsVSL, Adriaan van der Veen, [email protected]
WP3 Smart sensor development and testing TNO, Huib Blokland, [email protected]
WP4 Smart sensor validation and engine tests PTB, Kai Moshammer, [email protected]
WP5 Creating impact JV, Kianoosh Hadidi, [email protected]
WP6 Management and coordination VSL, Menne Schakel, [email protected]
Outlook EMPIR 16ENG09 LNG III
LNG - Background
� LNG currently traded in the form of Energy and
requires measurement of Vol., Density and GCV
� Following GIIGNL and ISO 10976 procedures
� Volume is measured by tank gauging methods (up to
1% error = €900M per year in 2015, EU only)
� Flow meters have many advantages over tank
gauging for LNG custody transfer measurements
(accuracy, lower capital cost...)
� However, their acceptance depends on availability of
reference measurement systems and agreed
qualification procedures
� This is a very challenging task for the pipe size and
flowrates required in custody transfer applications
� This is one of the main motivations for
EMRP/EMPIR LNG projects
2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
Primary reference,Values up to
25m3/h,Uncertainty ~0.2%,(LNGI)
Primary reference,Values up to
25m3/h,Uncertainty ~0.1%,(LNG2a)
Capacity
Reference values up to 200m3/h,
Uncertainty ~0.15%, (LNG2b& 3)
Reference values up to 600m3/hUncertainty ~0.2% (LNG3 & 4)
Reference values up to 10,000 m3/h,
Uncertainty ~0.2%, (LNG5, ……)
Small and mid scale LNG and LBG, main driver energy transition. Targets: certified
dispensing systems, reduced measurement uncertainty
Large scale LNGTargets: reduced
measurement uncertainty, transparency & simple processes
2026
Feasibility, design, business case
Realisation facility
Development of LNG Flow Measurement Traceability
2010
LNGI………… LNG2………….. LNG3…..…… LNG4………. LNG5................
LNGIII - Objectives(June 2017 – May 2020)
� Enable the large scale roll-out of LNG and
LBG as a transport fuel
� Achieved through the continued development
of transparent and traceable metrological
infrastructure for flow and composition
measurement systems
� LNGIII forms an essential step towards
measurement traceability for large scale LNG
custody transfer applications
� The project will also develop smart sensors for
measurement of MN and MS to ensure optimal
LNG engine performance
� Project outcomes will be implemented in
relevant written standards to enable and
promote the use of LNG and LBG as a
transport fuel
Advisory Board
Consists of 25 members of key representatives of the LNG industry:
• Producers
• Shippers
• Import terminals
• Energy Companies
• Instrument manufacturers
LNGIII - Work Packages
� WP1: Reduced uncertainty for dynamic flow measurements. (NEL)
� WP2: Traceable small scale liquefier and density measurements. (VSL)
� WP3: Smart sensor development and testing for measurement of MN
and MS. (TNO)
� WP4: Smart sensor validation and engine testing. (PTB)
� WP5: Creating Impact. (JV)
� WP6: Management. (VSL)
WP1: Reduced uncertainty for dynamic flow measurements
Objectives and targets:
1. Fully understand influence of following parameters on meter
performance:
− Upstream disturbances
− Meter insulation
− Coriolis meter response time, thermal stability & YM vs Temp.
2. Feasibility of using a cryogenic piston prover as a primary
reference for flow measurement.
3. Validation of cryogenic mass flow meters using a cryogenic
LDV standard.
4. Feasibility study for a small to mid-scale LNG calibration
facility (up to 1000 m3/hr).
WP2: Small scale liquefier and density measurements
Objectives:
1. Development and validation of a small scale liquefier for
natural gas and similar mixtures.
It will be used to validate LNG sampling and composition measurement
systems.
2. Develop and test cost effective sensors for in-line LNG
density measurement (Coriolis and Acoustic Impedance).
3. Development of traceable methods for performing
measurements of particulates present in LNG and LBG.
This is needed in order to decide on LNG engine service interval and type
of filters used at fuelling stations.
WP3: Smart sensor development and testing
Objectives:1. Develop cost effective and reliable sensors for measurement of
Methane number (MN).
MN is the measure of resistance of fuel gases to engine knock (known as detonation) and therefore an important factor for determining LNG engine performance.
2. Develop cost effective and reliable sensors for measurement of
Methane Slip (MS).
MS is unburned methane emissions released from the LNG engine due to incomplete combustion. The global warming potential of methane is 25 times higher than that of CO2.
3. Define and agree an acceptable criterium for measurement
accuracy from each sensor based on international standardisation, legislation and available data.
WP4: Smart sensor validation and engine testing
Objectives:
1. Develop a chemical kinetic model for accurate prediction of
LNG combustion and ignition behaviour with different MNs
2. The model will be ultimately used by end users to support the
design phase of engines and engine control in vehicles
3. Conduct truck and stationary gas engine tests over a wide
range of gas compositions in order to obtain the MN
4. The data will be used for development of MN algorithm
5. Validate the MN and MS sensors developed in WP3 in an
environment that is typical for current and future heavy-duty
gas engines
WP5: Creating impact
1. Knowledge transfer
� Conference presentations
� Peer-reviewed papers
� Feedback to Standardization bodies (ISO, OIML, GIIGNL….)
� Implement results from LNGI, II and III to the GIIGNL handbook
� Best practice guides
2. Training and Workshops
� Workshop and training course at NEL (Month 18)
� Workshop and training course at RUB (Month 36)
WP1 progress
• Study the influence of following parameters on meter accuracy:
− Upstream disturbances
− Meter insulation
− Coriolis meter response time, thermal stability & YM vs Temp.
• Metering Skids:
− Design and fabrication of 3 metering setups has been completed
− Water testing has been completed
• Testing:
− Testing with water at NEL- (Apr. - Jun 2018)
− Testing with LNG at VSL- (Planned Jan. – Jun. 2019)
• Cryogenic flow rate Laser Doppler Velocimetry standard
− 11:50 Rémy Maury (CESAME)
WP2 progress
• Small scale liquefier:
− Metrological input to commercial liquefier
• Density measurement:
− Gas mixtures are being prepared
• Performing measurements of particulates:
− Weighing method was validated and assessed at hydrogen refuelling
station
WP3 & WP 4 progress
• Development of sensors for composition and methane number:
− Sensor selection, requirements and test program are developed
− Development and testing of three sensor systems has started and is
running
− Good progress towards the ability of determining the MN of LNG gas
mixtures
• LNG model development:
− Development of chemical kinetic model ongoing
• Gas engine tests:
− Preparations for the tests have started
WP5 progress
• Input to standards:
− A working group was formed ISO/TC28 WG20 and a committee draft
on LNG metering was composed. A draft ISO standard will soon follow
− A working group was formed ISO/TC 193/WG8 to evaluate the present
methods for calculating the knock resistance of gas mixtures. The
working group willl decide if a Draft ISO Standard (DIS) can be
released
− Further inputs given to CEN/TC 408, Dutch Standard Committee NEN
310408, and GIIGNL Technical Study Group
• Training and workshops:
− Workshop and training at NEL (Month 18)
− Workshop and training at RUB (Month 36)
Agenda for today
0945 – 1020 Gate Terminal Rotterdam: Supply and Throughput of LNG for Northwest EuropeDorus Bertels (BHGE) in cooperation with Ricardo Witteman (Gate Terminal)
1020 – 1050 TEA/COFFEE BREAK
1050 – 1120 Transparency is a Must for Meter Performance Evaluation at LNG Applications, an Example with a Coriolis MeterPitti Salvatore, (Emerson Process Management)
1120 – 1150 Long Term Stability of Coriolis Meters in Cryogenic FluidsIryna Marfenko, (E+H)
1150 – 1220 Cryogenic flow rate measurement with a Laser Doppler Velocimetry standardRémy Maury, (CESAME)
Agenda for today
1220 – 1340 LUNCH
1340 – 1410 Raman Measurements in Cryogenic LNG LiquidScott Sutherland, (SpectraSensors, Inc.)
1410 – 1440 Calibration of Sensor Technology Using Traceable LNG Reference MixturesJoey Walker et al, (EffecTech Ltd)
1440 – 1510 LNG Measurement Uncertainty, Review and ProgressKianoosh Hadidi, (JV)